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No. 82（2019）
A note on the genus Rohana from China
(Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae)
Zhuo-Heng Jiang 1, Jian-Qing Zhu 2 & Shao-Ji Hu 3
1 College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
2 Shanghai Zoo, Shanghai, 200335, China
3 Institute of International River and Eco-security, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China;
e-mail: shaojihu@hotmail.com
Abstract
A taxonomical note on the genus Rohana Moore, 1880 (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Apaturinae) from
China is given based on examination of 4 known species in the country. Rohana tonkiniana Fruhstor-
fer, 1906 is reported as a new record for China. Keys to species based on male morphology, female
morphology, and male genitalia are proposed.
Adults and genitalia of the four Chinese species are
illustrated, and the geographical distribution of each species is provided.
Keywords
Apaturinae, new record, Rohana tonkiniana, Yunnan.
Introduction
Rohana Moore, 1880 is a small genus consisting of seven
species distributed in the Oriental Region. Three species
have been reported from China to date (Lang, 2012; Wu
& Hsu, 2017): R. parisatis Westwood, 1850, R. nakula
Moore, 1857, and R. parvata Moore, 1857. Some Rohana
species are difficult to distinguish, especially the females,
due to their variable colour form and wing pattern, even
within the same population (Y. Inayoshi, pers. comm.).
After several expeditions and years of specimen
comparison, we accumulated more Rohana material
for study. During the course of this, morphological
comparison and genitalic analyses were performed on
available taxa. To date, our study identified four species of
Rohana from China, with R. tonkiniana Fruhstorfer, 1906
being a new record.
In this paper, all four Rohana species and their subspecies
from China are noted, with detailed descriptions and
illustrations, including male genitalia of four species and
female genitalia of three species (except R. nakula Moore,
1857). The geographical distribution is also mapped based
on available data.
Materials and methods
Specimens deposited in the following collections were
examined in the present study: Biological Laboratory of
Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China (BSNU);
Zhuo-Heng Jiang's collection, Kunming, China (ZHJ);
Hui-Hong Zhang's collection, Kunming, China (HHZ);
Jian-Qing Zhu's collection, Shanghai, China (JQZ);
Wei-Wei Mao's collection, Shanghai, China (WMW);
Feng Cao's collection, Guiyang, China (FC); Hong-Fei
Lü's collection, Qingdao, China (HFL); Liang Long's
collection, Guangzhou, China (LL).
The following abbreviations are applied: LF: length of
forewing, FW: forewing, HW: hindwing, N: north, S:
south, E: east, W: west, NE: northeast, SE: southeast, SW:
southwest, C: central, TS: type species, TL: type locality.
The terminology of wing pattern and genitalic structure
follows Lang (2012: 35).
Taxonomic Account
Rohana Moore, 1880
Rohana Moore, 1880; Lep. Ceylon 1 (1): 27; TS: Apatura
parisatis Westwood, 1850.
Narsenga Moore, [1896]; Lep. Ind. 3 (25): 15; TS:
Apatura parvata Moore, 1857.
Rohana parisatis (Westwood, 1850)
Apatura parisatis Westwood, 1850; in Doubleday et al.
Gen. Diurn. Lep. 2: 305; TL: “Assam” [NE. India].
Rohana parisatis parisatis (Westwood, 1850)
Description. Male (Figs. 1–2). LF: 21–23 mm, body dark
brown with short hairs dorsally; antenna straight, blackish
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No. 82（2019）
dorsally and brownish ventrally, club ochreous;
labial palpi dark brown dorsally and greyish
brown ventrally, legs greyish to reddish brown.
FW: triangular with acute apex and slightly wavy
termen, upperside ground colour velvet black
with brown apex, white spots in spaces 8 of the
postdiscal area; underside reddish brown in the
cell, costal, and apical areas, while blackish
brown in the remaining areas, except space 1
being greyish brown, two hollow black spots
lined obliquely in the middle of discocell and
a hollow kidney-shaped spot at the end of the
discocell, spaces 2–7 in discocellular area marked
with irregular white spots, two white dots in
spaces 6 and 7 in the postdiscal area and then two
violet-white patches above and beyond, a series
of brown spots encircled by faint violet-grey
in spaces 2–5; cilia chequered with black and
white. HW: nearly triangular with convex and
slightly wavy termen, upperside ground colour
velvet black, spaces 1a and 1b brownish-grey;
underside reddish brown in the base, blackish
brown in the remaining area, a black round spot
in the base of space 7, two solid black spots and
a curved hollow spot in the discocell, a series
of whitish irregular spots in the discocellular
area from spaces 3–7, a series of violet-grey
subterminal spots coupled with a blackish line;
cilia chequered with black and white.
Female. No specimen available for examination,
description identical to ssp. staurakius.
Male genitalia (Fig. 3). Uncus thickened dorsally with
lateral ridge and blunt tip, gnathos deep bifid with broad
stalk. Valva with the dorsal edge sharply pointed near
the apex and a slightly hooked apical process. Aedeagus
nearly straight, slightly broader in the median portion and
gradually pointed towards the tip.
Female genitalia. No available specimen to examine,
description identical to ssp. staurakius.
Specimens examined. 3♂♂, Yarang, 990 m, Metok,
Tibet, 10. v. 2016, X. W. Zhao leg. [ZHJ]; 2♂♂, A'ni Qiao,
1,060 m, Metok, Tibet, W. X. Bi leg. [JQZ].
Rohana parisatis staurakius (Fruhstorfer, 1913)
Apatura parisatis staurakius Fruhstorfer, 1913; in Seitz,
Grossschmett. Erde 9: 698; TL: “Hongkong” [S. China].
Apatura parisatis hainana Fruhstorfer, 1939; in Seitz,
Grossschmett. Erde 9: 698; TL: “Hainan” [S. China].
Description. Male (Figs. 4–5). LF: 24–25 mm, most
characters similar to ssp. parisatis but larger in size with
more wavy wing termen.
Female (Figs. 6–7). LF: 25–28 mm, body brown with
short hair dorsally, antenna as that in male, labial palpi
dark brown dorsally and greyish ventrally, legs reddish
brown. FW: triangular with much more produced end of
vein 6, making the apex appear truncated, ground colour
rust ochreous and reddish brown at the base, two hollow
black spots and a hollow spot in the discocell as in male, a
discocellular band shifting from brown to blackish, white
spots in spaces 4–6 and 7 of the postdiscal area, a serial of
brown subterminal spots; underside ground colour paler,
markings as upperside. HW: nearly round, ground colour
rust ochreous and reddish brown at the base, two solid
black spots and a curved hollow spot in the discocell,
a discocellular band shifting from brown to blackish,
a series of brown subterminal spots, spaces 1a and 1b
Fig. 3. Male genitalia of R. p. parisatis (Metok, Tibet). Scale bar = 1
mm. A. Ring in lateral view. B. Tegumen and uncus in dorsal
view. C. Tegumen and uncus in ventral view. D. Inner view of
right valva. E. Outer view of right valva. F. Aedeagus in lateral
view.
Figs. 1–2. Rohana parisatis parisatis (Metok, Tibet). Scale
bar = 10 mm. 1. Male, upperside. 2. Male, underside.
E
D
B
C
A
F
12
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No. 82（2019）
ochreous-grey with a black dot; underside
ground colour paler, markings as upperside.
Male genitalia (Fig. 8). Structure identical to ssp.
parisatis.
Female genitalia (Fig. 9). Anal papillae apophyses
blunt, Lamella antevaginalis sclerotized, lamella
postvaginalis sharp. Ostial lobe oval narrowed,
lamella antevaginalis with a short groove.
Corpus bursae round, signa present as a weakly
sclerotized patch.
Specimens examined. 12♂♂, 7♀♀, Yanjin,
680 m, Zhaotong, Yunnan, 24. v. 2016,
Z. H. Jiang leg. [ZHJ]; 1♂, Fenghuang Gu,
940 m, Shizong, Yunnan, 8. x. 2017, F. Cao
leg. [FC]; 1♂, 1♀, Fuzhou Forest Park, 210 m,
Fuzhou, Fujian, 17. vi. 2015, Bing Wang
leg. [ZHJ]; 1♂, Wuzhi Shan, 640 m, Hainan,
11. vi. 2017, Z. H. Jiang leg. [ZHJ]; 1♂, 1♀,
Maofeng Shan, 520 m, Guangzhou, Guangdong,
13. vii. 2010, L. Long leg. [LL].
Rohana parisatis pseudosiamensis Nguyen-
Phung, 1985
Rohana parisatis pseudosiamensis Nguyen-
Phung, 1985; Nouv. Revus Ent. (N. S.) 2 (2): 178,
f. 9; TL: “Hinlap, Siam” [Thailand].
Description. Male (Figs. 10–11). LF: 21–23 mm,
most characters similar to ssp. parisatis, but
smaller than the two preceding subspecies,
wing termen less wavy; HW spaces 1a and 1b
blackish-brown, apex sharper.
Female (only one specimen available, Figs. 12–
13). LF: 27 mm, most characters similar to ssp.
parisatis but paler. FW discal band narrower and
HW apex sharper.
Male genitalia (Fig. 14). Structure identical to
ssp. parisatis.
Female genitalia (Fig. 15). Structure identical to
ssp. parisatis.
Specimens examined. 10♂♂, Menglun, 950 m,
Mengla, Yunnan, 28. xii. 2015, Z. H. Jiang leg.
[ZHJ]; 1♂, Daxue Shan, 1,300 m, Yongde,
Yunnan, 25. viii. 2015, W. W. Mao leg. [WWM];
1♀, Mengla, 880 m, Yunnan, 2. viii. 2013,
Z. H. Jiang l eg. [ZHJ].
Figs. 4–7. Rohana parisatis staurakius (Zhaotong, Yunnan). Scale
bar = 10 mm. 4. Male, upperside. 5. Male, underside. 6. Female,
upperside. 7. Female, underside.
Fig. 8. Male genitalia of R. p. staurakius (Zhaotong, Yunnan). Scale
bar = 1 mm. A. Ring in lateral view. B. Tegumen and uncus in
dorsal view. C. Tegumen and uncus in ventral view. D. Inner
view of right valva. E. Outer view of right valva. F. Aedeagus in
lateral view.
Fig. 9. Female genitalia of R. p. staurakius (Zhaotong, Yunnan). Scale
bar = 1 mm.
E
D
B
C
A
F
4 5
67
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No. 82（2019）
Fig. 15. Female genitalia of R. p. pseudosiamensis (Xishuangbanna,
Yunnan). Scale bar = 1 mm.
Figs. 10–13. Rohana parisatis pseudosiamensis. Scale bar = 10 mm.
10. R. p. pseudosiamensis (Xishuangbanna, Yunnan), male,
upperside. 11. Ditto, underside. 12. R. p. pseudosiamensis
(Xishuangbanna, Yunnan), female, upperside. 13. Ditto,
underside.
Fig. 14. Male genitalia of R. p. pseudosiamensis (Xishuangbanna,
Yunnan). Scale bar = 1 mm. A. Ring in lateral view. B. Tegumen
and uncus in dorsal view. C. Tegumen and uncus in ventral view.
D. Inner view of right valva. E. Outer view of right valva. F.
Aedeagus in lateral view.
E
D
B
C
A
F
10 11
12 13
Figs. 16-19. Rohana tonkiniana siamensis (Yuanjiang, Yunnan).
Scale bar = 10 mm. 16. Male, upperside. 17. male, underside. 18.
Female, upperside. 19. Female, underside.
Fig. 20. Male genitalia of R. tonkiniana siamensis (Yuanjiang,
Yunnan). Scale bar = 1 mm. A. Ring in lateral view. B. Tegumen
and uncus in dorsal view. C. Tegumen and uncus in ventral view.
D. Inner view of right valva. E. Outer view of right valva. F.
Aedeagus in lateral view.
Fig. 21. Female genitalia of R. tonkiniana siamensis (Yuanjiang,
Yunnan). Scale bar = 1 mm.
E
D
B
C
A
F
16 17
18 19
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No. 82（2019）
Rohana nakula bernardii Nguyen-Phung, 1985
Rohana nakula bernardii Nguyen-Phung, 1985; Nouv.
Revus Ent. (N. S.), 2 (2): 185, f. 10; TL: “Cua rao, Tonkin”
[N. Vietnam].
Rohana nakula panna Yoshino, 1995; Neo Lepidoptera
1: 2, f. 9–12; TL: “Xishuangbanna, Yunnan” [S.W.
China].
Description. Male (Figs. 22–23). LF: 24–25 mm. FW:
upperside ground colour velvet deep brown with black
apex, white spots in spaces 5–6 and 8 of the postdiscal
area; underside light ochreous brown in the discocellular,
costal, and apical areas, while darker in the remaining
areas, two solid black spots lined obliquely in the middle
of discocell, a solid kidney-shaped spot at the end of the
discocell, space 2 in postdiscal area marked with a large
black spot, a greyish discal band running from spaces 1
to 3 while turned to orange in spaces 4–7, two violet-
white spots above and beyond, a series of brown spots
Rohana tonkiniana Fruhstorfer, 1906
Rohana parisatis tonkiniana Fruhstorfer, 1906;
Wiener Ent. Ztg. 25 (10): 343; TL: Than-Moi,
Tonkin [N. Vietnam].
Rohana tonkiniana siamensis (Fruhstorfer,
1913)
Apatura parisatis siamensis Fruhstorfer, 1913; in
Seitz, Grossschmett. Erde 9: 698, pl. 115, f. a6,
(175), (114); TL: “Hinlap, Siam” [Thailand].
Description. Male (Figs. 16–17). LF: 23–25 mm,
very similar to R. parisatis in general appearance,
but obviously larger in size. FW: termen more
wavy, significantly broader towards tornal area,
underside reddish brown in the discocellular,
costal, and apical areas, while blackish brown
in the remaining areas, except space 1 being
greyish brown, two solid spots lined obliquely in
the middle of discocell, a hollow kidney-shaped
spot at the end of the discocell, irregular white
spots in the discocellular area of spaces 2–7
more extended; HW: central spaces 1a and 1b
ochreous grey.
Female (Figs. 18–19). LF: 26 mm, most
characters similar to R. p. parisatis but darker.
FW: a discocellular band shifting from brown
to blackish, white spots in spaces 5–7 of the
postdiscal area, a series of brown subterminal
spots.
Male genitalia (Fig. 20). Uncus slender and
acutely pointed, gnathos extremely reduced, valva similar
to that of R. parisatis, aedeagus heavily sclerotized, mostly
even in width and gradually pointed towards the tip.
Female genitalia (Fig. 21). Most characters similar to R.
parisatis, but ostial lobe narrower with a long groove.
Corpus bursae small, signa present as a weakly sclerotized
patch.
Specimens examined. 2♂♂, Haji Chong, 760 m,
Yuanjiang, Yunnan, 6. xi. 2013, S. J. Hu leg. [ZHJ]; 1♂,
ditto, 13. viii. 2014, Z. H. Jiang leg. [ZHJ]; 1♀, ditto, 4. xi.
2014, H. H. Zhang leg. [HHZ]; 1♀, ditto, 4. xi. 2011, S. J.
Hu leg. [ZJQ]; 1♂, Mengla, 800 m, Yunnan, 1. v. 2016, H.
F. Lü leg. [HFL]; 1♂, Menglun, 830 m, Mengla, Yunnan, 3.
viii. 2013, Z. H. Jiang l eg. [ZHJ].
Rohana nakula (Moore, [1858])
Apatura nakula Moore, [1858]; in Horsfield & Moore,
Cat. Lep. Ins. Mus. East India Comp 1: 203; TL: “Java”.
Fig. 24. Male genitalia of R. nakula bernardii (Xishuangbanna,
Yunnan). Scale bar = 1 mm. A. Ring in lateral view. B. Tegumen
and uncus in dorsal view. C. Tegumen and uncus in ventral view.
D. Inner view of right valva. E. Outer view of right valva. F.
Aedeagus in lateral view.
Figs. 22–23. R. nakula bernardii (Mengla, Yunnan). Scale
bar = 10 mm. 22. Male, upperside; 23. Male, underside.
E
D
B
C
A
F
22 23
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No. 82（2019）
encircled by faint violet grey in spaces 2–5; cilia
chequered with black and white. HW: upperside
ground colour as forewing, underside ochreous
brown, two solid spots lined obliquely in the
middle of discocell, a hollow kidney-shaped
spot at the end of the discocell, a faint grey
discal band, an obscure wavy subterminal band,
and a dark brown terminal line.
Female: Generally larger in size than other
species. FW: triangular with blunt apex, ground
colour rust ochreous and blackish brown in
the base, two solid black spots and a solid
spot in the discocell as in male, a discocellular
band shifting from grey to brown, white spots
in spaces 4–6 and 8 of the postdiscal area, a
serial of brown subterminal spots; underside
ground colour paler, markings as upperside.
HW: nearly round, ground colour rust ochreous
and blackish brown at the base, two solid black
spots and a curved hollow spot in the discocell,
a discocellular band shifting from grey to
brown, a serial of brown subterminal spots,
spaces 1a and 1b ochreous-grey with a brown
dot; underside ground colour paler, markings
as upperside (description based on the colour
plates of Lang, 2012).
Male genitalia (Fig. 24). Uncus terminally
strongly hooked, gnathos with the fused
tip. Valva with a short blunt apical process.
Aedeagus curved in the median portion.
Specimens examined. 2♂♂, Mengyuan, 600 m,
Mengla, Yunnan, 13. ii. 2013, Y. Liu leg. [ZHJ].
Rohana parvata (Moore, [1857])
Apatura parvata Moore, [1857]; in Horsfield &
Moore; Cat. Lep. Ins. Mus. East India Comp 1:
202, pl. 6a: 6; TL: “Sikkim” [NE. India].
Rohana parvata burmana Tytler, 1940;
J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 42: 111, f. 9–12;
TL: “Htawgaw et Sadon” [N. E. Myanmar].
Rohana parvata piaoacensis Funahashi, 2003;
Wallace, 8: 6; TL: “Mt. PiaOac” [N. Vietnam].
Description. Male (Figs. 25–26). LF: 25–27 mm,
body dark brown with short hair dorsally;
antenna straight, brownish dorsally and ochreous
ventrally, club ochreous; labial palpi dark brown
dorsally and greyish brown ventrally, legs
Figs. 25–28. R. parvata. Scale bar = 10 mm. 25. R. parvata (Libo,
Guizhou), male, upperside. 26. Ditto, underside. 27. R. parvata
(Baise, Guangxi), female, upperside. 28. Ditto, underside.
Fig. 29. Male genitalia of R. parvata (Libo, Guizhou). Scale
bar = 1 mm. A. Ring in lateral view. B. Tegumen and uncus in
dorsal view. C. Tegumen and uncus in ventral view. D. Inner
view of right valva. E. Outer view of right valva. F. Aedeagus in
lateral view.
Fig. 30. Female genitalia of R. parvata (Baise, Guangxi). Scale
bar = 1 mm.
E
D
B
C
A
F
25 26
27 28
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No. 82（2019）
Figs. 32–35. 32. R. p. staurakius, male, Yanjin, Zhaotong, N.E. Yunnan, underside. 33. R. p. staurakius, female, Yanjin,
Zhaotong, N.E. Yunnan, upperside. 34. Habitat of R. tonkiniana, altitude 760 m, Hajichong, Yuanjiang, C. Yunnan.
35. Habitat of R. p. pseudosiamensis, altitude 950 m, rainforest in Mengla, Xishuangbanna, S. Yunnan.
Fig. 31. Map with distribution records of the genus Rohana from China. Solid marks represent the records examined in
this paper. Hollow marks represent records from literature (Chou et al., 2002 and Lang, 2012).
32 33
34 35
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No. 82（2019）
greyish to reddish brown. FW: triangular with acute apex
and slightly wavy termen, upperside ground colour rust
ochreous and blackish brown in the base, two solid black
spots and a hollow spot in the discocell, a discocellular
band shifting from yellow to brownish, white spots in
spaces 4–5 and 8 of the postdiscal area, two circular black
markings in spaces 1–2; underside markings as upperside,
but paler. HW: ground colour rust ochreous and blackish
brown in the base, two solid black spots and a curved
solid spot in the discocell, discal band yellow, narrow but
clear, eye spot in space 2 prominent, spaces 1a and 1b
ochreous-grey with a yellow dot; underside ground colour
paler, markings as upperside.
Female (Figs. 27–28). Similar to male but larger in size,
wings broader and round.
Male genitalia (Fig. 29). Uncus rather short, gnathos broad
and only shallowly bifid near the end. Valva with a short
apical process. Aedeagus rather long and slender, slightly
curved with pointed tip.
Female genitalia (Fig. 30). Anal papillae apophyses blunt.
Lamella antevaginalis sclerotised, obscure, lamella acute.
Ostial lobe oval with a slender groove. Corpus bursae
oval, signa absent.
Specimens examined. 1♂, Huaping, 860 m, Lingui,
Guangxi, 11. v. 2016, S. Q. Li leg. [JZH]; 1♂, Maolan, 750
m, Libo, Guizhou, 2. v. 2017, Z. H. Jiang leg. [JZH]; 1♀,
Leye, 980 m, Baise, Guangxi, 12. iv. 2015, L. Long leg. [LL].
Key to species of the genus Rohana in China based on
male morphology
1 Upperside blackish without discal band.........................2
- Upperside brownish with discal band.............................3
2 Apex of forewing upperside with a white spot.................
...........................................................................R. parisatis
- Apex of forewing upperside without white spot...............
........................................................................R. tonkiniana
3 Discal band greyish brown, apex of forewing upperside
with four white spots............................................R. nakula
- Discal band pale ocherous yellow, apex of forewing
upperside with five white spots, Submarginal of HW with
wavy stripe..........................................................R. parvata
Key to species of the genus Rohana in China based on
female morphology
1 Upperside brownish without bright discal band..............2
- Upperside brownish with bright discal band....................3
2 Apex of forewing upperside with four white spots...........
...........................................................................R. parisatis
- Apex of forewing upperside with three white spots..........
........................................................................R. tonkiniana
3 Discal band greyish, forewing termen smoothly wavy.....
..............................................................................R. nakula
- Discal band creamy yellow, forewing termen sharply wavy
.........................................................................R. parvata
Key to species of the genus Rohana in China based on
male genitalia
1 Aedeagus nearly straight, gradually pointed toward the
tip.......................................................................................2
- Aedeagus curved with truncated tip...................R. nakula
2 Gnathos slender with deeply bifid end............R. parisatis
- Gnathos short without bifid tip........................................3
3 Valva termen smooth, uncus almost straight with pointed
tip....................................................................R. tonkiniana
- Valva with small apical process, uncus rather short..........
............................................................................R. parvata
Bionomics:
The genus Rohana inhabits dense monsoon broad-leaved
forests where it is active during noon to afternoon (Fig.
31). The butterflies are alert but attracted well by rotting
fruits or dead bodies and usually rest in the shrub near
streams or rivers (Figs. 32–35). Males were frequently
observed in groups on the ground, while females often
circle on the treetops individually.
Discussion
R. tonkiniana (Figs. 16–19) was only previously known
from Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam, and Laos, our study
confirmed its distribution in S. Yunnan, mainly in the valley
of the Yuanjiang (Red) River and the Mekong River; we
speculated that it may also occur in S. W. Guangxi which
is close to S. Yunnan. This species is often mistaken with
R. parisatis which is sympatric, but can be distinguished
by its larger size, acute apex (blunt in R. parisatis), and
ochreous-grey spaces 1a and 1b (brown or darker in
R. parisatis); dissection of male genitalia proves its close
relationship with R. parisatis (Fig. 20); female genitalia of
R. tonkiniana is similar to R. parisatis (Fig. 21).
The distribution range of R. parisatis extends from S. E.
China to S. W. China (Lang, 2012), the boundaries between
subspecies is not very clear to date. Our examination of
R. parisatis from different parts of China showed that
their morphological variation is somewhat associated with
environmental and seasonal factors. The authors speculate
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No. 82（2019）
Nymphalidae). Nouv. Rev. Entomol. 22: 175–191.
Osada, S., Uemura, Y., Uehara, J. & Nishiyama, Y., 1999.
An Illustrated Checklist of the Butterflies of Laos P. D.
R. Mokuyo-sha, Tokyo, Japan.
Tytler, H., 1940. Notes on Some New and Interesting
Butterflies chiefly from Burma. Part. 2. J. Bombay
Nat. Hist. Soc. 42: 109–123.
Westwood, J. O., 1850. The Genera of Diurnal
Lepidoptera. Vol. II. Longman, Brown, Green &
Longmans, London, UK.
Wu, C. S. & Hsu, Y. F., 2017. Butterflies of China Vol. 2.
Straits Publishing House , Fujian, China.
Yoshino, K., 1995. New Butterflies from China. Neo
Lepidoptera 1: 1–4.
(Accepted September 5, 2019)
［和文摘要］
中国に分布するチビコムラサキ属 Rohana について
中国には従来，チビコムラサキ属 Rohana が3種
分布するとされていたが，著者らが雲南省と広西
チワン族自治区において R. tonkiniana の生息を確
認したため，中国には 4種の Rohana 属（parisatis，
nakula，parvata，tonkiniana）が分布することが明ら
かになった。そのうち，parisatis については中国内
に3亜種分布する（名義タイプ亜種及び staurakius，
pseudosiamensis）。
本稿では，各種または亜種の斑紋形態，翅形，交
尾器等の形状や特徴について，画像を交え詳細に記
述した。
今回中国で初めて記録された tonkiniana は，これま
でミャンマーやベトナムなどのインドシナのみに分布
するとされていた種で，parisatis に似るが，tonkiniana
の方が大型になる傾向があることに加え，翅先端部が
尖り，前翅裏面 1a 室及び 1b 室が黄色味のある灰色に
なること（parisatis の同部位は褐色で暗い色調になる）
等で識別可能である。
♂交尾器の形状から判断すると，
両者は近縁な種であると思われる。
上記 4種のうち，中国内で最も広く分布するのは
parisatis で，生息域は南東部から南西部に渡ってい
る。だが，各亜種の分布の境界は明確になっておら
ず，今後の研究課題である。
中国において最も分布域が狭いのは nakula で，一
見parvata に似るが，交尾器の形状から判断すると，
中国内に分布する他の 3種とは系統が異なる種であ
ると考えられる。ただし，この点についても，特に
♀の形質を精査するなどの追加検討が必要であろう。
（文責 : 宇野 彰）
that the identity of two subspecies of R. parisatis in S.
China require further study. R. nakula has the narrowest
distribution in China (only known in S. Yunnan), similar to
R. parvata. Dissection of male genitalia of R. nakula proves
this species is less closely related to the other three species
from China (R. parisatis, R. tonkiniana, and R. parvata),
but also requires further study, especially the female.
Acknowledgements
The authors express their sincere thanks to all collectors
mentioned in this paper. Special thanks were given to
Hui-Hong Zhang (Yunnan University, Kunming, China),
Liang Tang (Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai,
China) and Yong-He Chen (Kunming, China) for
providing us ecological photos; Yutaka Inayoshi (Chiang
Mai, Thailand) for his valuable advice to this study; and
Adam M. Cotton (Chiang Mai, Thailand) for improving
earlier drafts of this article. This study was funded by the
Biodiversity Conservation Programme of the Ministry of
Ecology and Environment, China (China-BON Butterflies)
(SDZXWJZ01013).
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