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Inventarizacija gljiva na teritoriji zaštićenih područja Kantona Sarajevo (SP Vrelo Bosne, ZP Bijambare, SP Skakavac) Smjernice i preporuke za upravljanje specifičnim tipovima staništa na teritoriji zaštićenih područja
Abstract
Short preliminary check-lists are presented as a result of last year mycological investigation on the territory of three protected areas in the Sarajevo Canton in Bosnia and Herzegovina (Vrelo Bosne Nature Monument, Bijambare Protected Landscape and Skakavac Nature Monument).
Among all findings some are more closely presented and discussed.
Their ecology, phenology, local and regional or global distribution pattern, as well as main threats and additional conservation activities are especially highlighted and noted.
Recommendation of adequate conservation activities within the territories of the protected areas are proposed to the local authorities and managements.
... Besides the type locality, O. svrcekii has so far only been reported from Savoy in France (Capoen 2018) and Sarajevo County in Bosnia and Herzegovina (Jukić et al. 2020). Between 2014 and 2020, the species was recollected from its type locality and recorded from ten more localities in Albania, Austria, Croatia, France, Slovakia and Spain. ...
... So far, only two descriptions of O. svrcekii have been published -by Kubička (1972, as Lamprospora lutziana) and by Benkert (1998a). Colour photographs were presented by Jukić et al. (2020). A comparison of the main features is shown in Tab. 2. ...
The bryophilous ascomycete Octospora svrcekii, belonging to the section Wrightoideae, has so far been reported from only three localities in the world. New collections from Albania, Austria, Croatia, France, Slovakia and Spain have enabled a better understanding of its variability, ecology, distribution and phylogenetic relationships with other taxa within the section Wrightoideae. Octospora svrcekii was always found associated with Cratoneuron filicinum growing in constantly humid habitats (brooks, rivers or waterfalls), on calcareous bedrock. A species description based on both living and dead material is provided and compared with previous observations. A phylogenetic analysis of the section Wrightoideae, performed using the EF1α, SSU rDNA and LSU rDNA loci, revealed that Octospora svrcekii forms a monophyletic group with O. wrightii, O. erzbergeri, O. hygrohypnophila and O. americana, all of which are characterised by subglobose to broadly ellipsoid ascospores ornamented with isolated warts, and infect mosses in the order Hypnales, inducing galls on their rhizoids. Based on the molecular analysis, O. orthotrichi and O. affinis, formerly also considered as members of the section Wrightoideae, do not belong to the group.
Knjiga „Diverzitet gljiva Zaštićenog pejzaža "Konjuh" - Inventarizacija, zaštita i promocija” bavi se prezentacijom preliminarnih rezultata mikoloških istraživanja realizovanih tokom 2019. i 2020. godine na teritoriji Zaštićenog pejzaža "Konjuh", trenutno jedinog protektorata na području Tuzlanskog kantona.
U okviru knjige izdvojeno je i predstavljeno 114 vrsta gljiva iz odjeljaka Ascomycota i Basidiomycota te predstavljen popis gljiva ZP "Konjuh" sa ukupno 399 različitih vrsta. Za manji broj registrovanih vrsta predloženi su odgovarajući IUCN statusi i kategorije, a u skladu sa provedenom evaluacijom i relevantnim konzervacijskim kriterijima. Na osnovu predloženih kategorija i procjene ugroženosti pojedinih staništa, upravi zaštićenog područja su predložene i odgovarajuće mjere i aktivnosti s ciljem održavanja, ali i unapređenja postojećeg stanja i diverziteta gljiva.
Autori unutar knjige nastavljaju i s prijedlogom implementacije koncepta IFA područja, u koja se, uzimajući u obzir realizovana istraživanja, ubraja i ZP "Konjuh".
Background:
Exploration of microbes isolated from north western Himalayas for bioactive natural products.
Results:
A strain of Trichoderma lixii (IIIM-B4) was isolated from Bacopa monnieri L. The ITS based rDNA gene sequence of strain IIIM-B4 displayed 99% sequence similarity with different Trichoderma harzianum species complex. The highest score was displayed for Hypocrea lixii strain FJ462763 followed by H. nigricans strain NBRC31285, Trichoderma lixii strain CBS 110080, T. afroharzianum strain CBS124620 and Trichoderma guizhouense BPI:GJS 08135 respectively. Position of T. lixii (IIIM-B4) in phylogenetic tree suggested separate identity of the strain. Microbial dynamics of T. lixii (IIIM-B4) was investigated for small peptides. Medium to long chain length peptaibols of 11 residue (Group A), 14 residue (Group B) and 17 residue (Group C) were identified using Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization-Time of Flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometer. Optimization is undeniably a desideratum for maximized production of desirable metabolites from microbial strain. Here optimization studies were carried out on T. lixii (IIIM-B4) using different growth media through Intact Cell Mass Spectrometry (ICMS). A multifold increase was obtained in production of 11 residue peptaibols using rose bengal medium. Out of these, one of them named as Tribacopin AV was isolated and sequenced through mass studied. It was found novel as having unique sequence Ac-Gly-Leu-Leu-Leu-Ala-Leu-Pro-Leu-Aib-Val-Gln-OH. It was found to have antifungal activity against Candida albicans (25 μg/mL MIC).
Conclusion:
In this study, we isolated a strain of T. lixii (IIIM-B4) producing medium and long chain peptaibols. One of them named as Tribacopin AV was found novel as having unique sequence Ac-Gly-Leu-Leu-Leu-Ala-Leu-Pro-Leu-Aib-Val-Gln-OH, which had antifungal properties.
Běťák J., Pärtel K., Kříž M. (2012): Ionomidotis irregularis (Ascomycota, Helotiales) in the Czech Republic with comments on its distribution and ecology in Europe.-Czech Mycol. 64(1): 79-92. The first collections of the rare ascomycete Ionomidotis irregularis from the Czech Republic are described and illustrated with colour photos and drawings of the most important microscopic characters. Data on ecology and occurrence at 17 localities throughout Europe including some unpublished data are summarised. Evidently, I. irregularis prefers strongly decayed trunks of Fagus sylvatica as its substrate within the European beech distribution area. In Northeastern Europe, where Fagus is missing, the occurrence of the fungus is documented on decayed wood of several other deciduous tree species (Alnus incana, Betula sp., Carpinus betulus, Ulmus glabra). Because of its strong preferences for unmanaged, old-growth forests, I. irregularis should be considered an indicator and flagship species of such habitats throughout Europe.
Ascomata of Peziza succosella and its ectomycorrhiza associated with Cedrus deodara were collected from the Himalayan moist temperate forests of Pakistan. The fungal partner in the ectomycorrhiza was identified by sequencing the rDNA internal transcribed spacer region. The morphology of the taxon is also described. Ascomata are characterized by grayish brown deep cupulate apothecia while the ectomycorrhiza is characterized by a thin pseudoparenchymatous mantle with a few emanating elements. Peziza succosella and
its ectomycorrhiza are an addition to the mycoflora of Pakistan and this is the first report of ectomycorrhizal association of P. succosella with Himalayan cedar.
Relations between the genera Melastiza Boud. and Aleuria Fuck, are discussed. Examination of a number of collections of most species of both genera including the relevant type material has confirmed the opinion that the coloured outgrowths on there ceptacles of species of Melastiza are not reliable and sufficient for generic delimitation and, as a result, a new emendation of the genus Aleuria Fuck, is proposed. The genus is divided into two subgenera: subgen. Aleuria and subgen. Melastiza (Boud.) comb, et stat. nov.The discussed mutual relations and leading features, especially a variability of the colour and the wall thickness of the excipular hyphae and hyphoid hairs in Melastiza, similar shapes of the hyaline hyphae and hyphoid hairs in Aleuria, the same type of ascospores and excipular structure, the same carotenoid composition in paraphyses, and the same habitat, are considered an evidence for the generic identity. Reexaminations of the type material (NY, K) of Peziza cornubiensis Berkeley et Broome [= Melastiza cornubiensis (Berk, et, Br.) J. Moravec (1992b)], and the type (K) of Peziza chateri W. G. Smith [= Melastiza chateri (W. G. Smith) Boud.], have confirmed the identity of both fungi . Consequently, new combinations - Aleuria cornubiensis (Berk, et Br.) comb, nov., Aleuria carbonicola (J. Mor.) comb, nov., Aleuria flavida (Thind et Kaushal) comb, nov., Aleuria flavorubens (Rehm) comb, nov., Aleuria boudieri (v. Hohnel in Rehm) comb. nov. and Aleuria scotica (Graddon) comb. nov. are proposed. A Nepal collection of Aleuria rubra Batra [=Melastiza rubra (Batra) Maas Geesteranus] has also been examined. Aleuria latispora spec. nov. based on a collection from Central Asia is described as a new species of this subgenus too. Notes on the taxonomy, and descriptions and illustrations of all the taxa including SEM photomicrographs of ascospores accompany the paper.
Like in many groups of Leotiomycetes, anamorphs are unknown in most species of Cenangiaceae. Encoelia furfuracea, a conspicuous member of this family, was inoculated from ascospores into pure culture and the formed conidial stage described for the first time here. The acropleurogenous conidiogenous cells were similar to those of Rhabdocline spp. and Crumenulopsis sororia, providing additional synapomorphies for the morphologically diverse Cenangiaceae, recently emended to include also members of Hemiphacidiaceae. Characters of the conidial stage provide valuable information for delineation of the morphologically heterogeneous family Cenangiaceae. © 2018 J. Cramer in Gebrüder Borntraeger Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart, Germany.
