ArticlePDF Available

Ayurvedic treatment outcome for Chronic Liver diseases

Authors:
  • Central Council for Research in Ayurveda sciences

Abstract

Currently available medical therapies for liver disorders have more systemic toxicity, cost effective and liver transplantation was advised to many cases. So many patients want to take ayurveda medication as last choice or as a choice due to poverty. We have documented more than 200 cases and found 40% cases are Non Alcoholic Fatty liver diseases followed by Cirrhosis of liver. There are more than three hundred herbo-mineral preparations in Ayurveda system of medicine for the treatment of jaundice and chronic liver diseases. More than 50% people of our country relay on Ayurveda and herbal medicine for liver diseases. Ayurveda medicine could represent a promising tool to postpone the need of liver transplantations, increase the QoL of patients with cirrhosis, and reduce overall treatment costs of Chronic liver diseases. Ayurveda also delivered sodhana ( Purificatory treatment) by means of Panchakarma treatment. Rasayana therapy is very helpful in CLD. Diet has a integral role in Outcome of a CLD patient. Evidences are coming for remission of hepatao-cellular carcinoma and reversal of fibrosis of liver with high life expectancy. So public participation as well as awareness for Ayurveda treatment in Chronic liver diseases are required. Proper training and modern skill development should be mandatory for of Ayurveda Physicians treating liver diseases . More evidences in terms of Ayurveda outcome studies are the need of the hour to create a hope for CLD Patients.
REVIEW ARTICLE
Nov-Dec 2019
Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | Nov - Dec 2019 | Vol. 4 | Issue 6
1
Ayurvedic treatment outcome for Chronic Liver
diseases
Dr. Ashok Kumar Panda,
1
Dr. K. K. Rath
2
1,2
Research Officer (Ayurveda), Central Ayurveda Research Institute of Hepatobiliary disorders, Bharatpur, Near
Kaliga Studio, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, INDIA. A unit of CCRAS, M/O AYUSH, GOI.
I
NTRODUCTION
Chronic liver diseases are disease process of liver
which involves progressive destruction and
regeneration of liver parenchyma leading to
functional and structural changes in form of fibrosis
Address for correspondence:
Dr. Ashok Kumar Panda
Research Officer (Ayurveda), Central Ayurveda Research Institute
of Hepatobiliary disorders, Bharatpur, Near Kaliga Studio,
Bhubaneswar, Odisha, INDIA.
E-mail: akpanda_06@yahoo.co.in
Submission Date: 17/11/2019 Accepted Date: 22/12/2019
Access this article online
Quick Response Code
Website: www.jaims.in
Published by Maharshi Charaka
Ayurveda Organization, Vijayapur,
Karnataka (Regd) under the license CC-
by-NC-SA
and cirrhosis. Chronic liver disease refers to diseases
of the liver which lasts over a period of six months. It
consists of a wide range of liver pathologies which
includes inflammation ( chronic Hepatitis), reduction
of size (Liver cirrhosis), Polycystic liver disease, and
Hepato cellular carcinoma.
[1]
It leads to various
complications to end stage liver disease and hepatic
failure. Ayurveda is traditionally skill full and treating
liver diseases since centuries and the drug toxicity
appears to be less as compared to conventional
medicine. Yakrit is the root of Rakta vaha srotos and
pitta is the mala (by product) of Rakta dhatu. Excess
intake of Madya (Alcohol) said to be increase pitta
and vitiate rakta dhatu and alter the architecture
rakta vaha srotas.
[2]
Ayurveda literature found Yakrit
suska which may be compaired with Cirrhosis of liver.
Pandu, Kamala, Asmari, Yakrit vidradhi (Liver Abcess),
Yakrit granthi ( Liver cyst), Yakrit dalludara (Hepatitis
A B S T RA C T
Currently available medical therapies for liver disorders have more systemic toxicity
, cost
effective
and liver transplantation was advised to many cases. So many patients want to take ayurveda
medication as last choice or as a choice due to poverty. We have documented more than 200 cases
and found 40% cases are Non Alcoholic Fatty liver diseases followed by Cirrhosis of liver. There are
more than three hundred herbo-mineral preparations in Ayurveda system of medicine for the
treatment of jaundice and chronic liver diseases. More than 50% people of our country relay on
Ayurveda and herbal medicine for liver diseases. Ayurveda medicine could represent a promising tool
to postpone the need of liver transplantations, increase the QoL of patients with cirrhosis, and reduce
overall treatment costs of Chronic liver diseases. Ayurveda also delivered sodhana ( Purificatory
treatment) by means of Panchakarma treatment. Rasayana therapy is very helpful in CLD. Diet has a
integral role in Outcome of a CLD patient. Evidences are coming for remission of hepatao-cellular
carcinoma and reversal of fibrosis of liver with high life expectancy. So public participation as well as
awareness for Ayurveda treatment in Chronic liver diseases are required. Proper training and modern
skill development should be mandatory for of Ayurveda Physicians treating liver diseases . More
evidences in terms of Ayurveda outcome studies are the need of the hour to create a hope for CLD
Patients.
Key words: CLD, Cirrhosis, ALD, DILI, NAFLD, NASH, Kamala, Halimaka, Panaki, Yakrit Suska, Yakrit
Vidradhi
(Liver Abcess), Yakrit
Granthi
( Liver cyst), Yakrit
Dalludara
, Krimija
Yakruit Roga
.
Dr. Ashok Kumar Panda et al. Ayurvedic treatment outcome for Chronic Liver diseases
ISSN: 2456-3110 REVIEW ARTICLE
Nov-Dec 2019
Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | Nov - Dec 2019 | Vol. 4 | Issue 6
2
or hepato megaly), Jalodara, and Krimija yakruit roga
are the various diseases described in Ayurveda
literature. Kamala, Halimaka and Panaki are different
stages of liver diseases. Ayurveda Practitioners have
been practicing and claimed cure Chronic liver
diseases successfully.
[3]
Recent times Ayurveda
medication induced liver cirrhosis publications
[4]
are
also came to purview of many Ayurveda Practitioners.
It is interesting to note that Ayurveda Liver tonic
(Livomyn) also reported induce liver injury by the
same author.
[5]
The author may be published the data
without analyse the cause properly or to suprees the
poularity of Ayurveda in CLD.
Currently available medical therapies for liver
disorders have more systemic toxicity therefore
physicians hesitate to administrate modern medicine
for long term use.
[6]
Clinical and animal research in
this century has confirmed the efficacy of several
medicinal plants and herbo-mineral compounds
described in Ayurveda in the treatment of liver
disease, it may be cause for patients with chronic liver
disease seek primary or adjunctive herbal treatment
and it is a common occurrence observed all over the
globe. Chronic Liver diseases are the serious ailments
and the medical treatment scenario is worsened day
by day for lack of proven precise therapeutic
regimens. There are many plants and their extracts
that have been shown to possess hepato-protective
activities. There are more than three hundred herbo-
mineral preparations in Indian system of medicine for
the treatment of jaundice and chronic liver diseases.
More than 50% people of our country relay on
Ayurveda and herbal medicine for liver diseases.
Undoubtly Ayurveda herbs and products having
defined biochemical active component can protect
liver from oxidative stress, promote virus elimination,
block fibrogenesis, anti inflammatory, immune-
modulating, liver regenerating and inhibit tumour
growth in vitro and in vivo studies. Ayurveda also
delivered sodhana ( Purificatory treatment) By means
of Panchakarma treatment. Rasayana therapy is very
helpful in CLD.
Central Ayurveda Research Institute of Hepatobiliary
disorders, Bhubaneswar is premier Institute of
CCRAS, Ministry of AYUSH where various researches
of liver has been growing and Researchers are
working hard to generate evidences. We have
documented more than 200 cases and found 40%
cases are Non Alcoholic Fatty liver diseases followed
by Cirrhosis of liver. So many case study and case
series were reported regarding the efficacy of
Ayurveda drug in Chronic Liver Diseases. The
observation found that Fatty liver and NASH can be
corrected within six months to one year of treatment
along with lifestyle modification. Viral hepatitis is well
managed with Ayurvedic herbs and sometimes
patients are using antiviral therapy along with
Ayurveda medication. Ayurveda treatment for Auto
immune liver disease can block fibro genesis and
regenerate the hepatocyte of liver by immune
modulating herbs. Ayurveda treatment for
Thrombocytopenia has back through a new treatment
modality.
[7]
Ayurveda treatment could be a potentially
safe and effective complement in these cases of
Alcoholic liver cirrhosis. It can be presume that
Ayurveda treatment modalities block the fibro genesis
of liver and regenerate the hepatocytes. It needs
animal experiment. If replicated in clinical trial then
Ayurveda medicine could represent a promising tool
to postpone the need of liver transplantations,
increase the QoL of patients with cirrhosis, and reduce
overall treatment costs of ALD patient. Ayurveda can
well manage hyperbilirumia and hyponatrimia arised
due to Liver cirrhosis. Ayurveda treatment and
Lifestyle modification is a very successful treatment
strategy for NAFLD and NASH.
[8]
Evidences are
generated for Herbal treatment for Hepatis B
infection.
[9]
Many cases of advised liver transplant
can managed well by Ayurveda and survival outcome
is more than five years in our initial reports. Regading
Hapato cellular carcinoma( HCC), Complete remission
of HCC can be achieved by Ayurveda treatment and
strict dietary schedule. Evidences are coming for
better survival outcome with good quality of life in
HCC.
[10],[11]
Liver tumor markers like alpha feto protein
(AFP) and organ specific auto immune markers like-
antinuclear antibody (ANA)-HEp-2 are also reducing in
Ayurveda medication as per our primary observation.
Ayurveda has been using to treat several liver
Dr. Ashok Kumar Panda et al. Ayurvedic treatment outcome for Chronic Liver diseases
ISSN: 2456-3110 REVIEW ARTICLE
Nov-Dec 2019
Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | Nov - Dec 2019 | Vol. 4 | Issue 6
3
ailments, but its efficiency is poorly documented by
means of scientific studies. High number of Ayurveda
liver tonics has been prescribing for chronic liver
diseases and G.I. disorders by all systems of doctors.
Thirteen classical Ayurveda formulations and eight
medicinal plants mostly used by Ayurveda were
reviewed along with scientific studies. Arogyavardhini
vati is highest prescribing medicine in liver disorders.
Liv 52 has own place in CLD with high number of
publications. Haridra, Katuki, chireeta, punnanava,
kiratatikta, Bhumi amalaki are commonest single herb
used by the herbalist and Ayurveda physician in the
treatment of Jaundice and other liver disorders.
[2]
Lokanth rasa, Gomutra Haritaki, Tapyadi lauha, Sidhha
Makaradwja, Sarbeswar rasa, Bruhat sutasekhar,
kamadudha rasa, Potola katu rohinyadi kasaya,
punnavadi kasaya, are the common prescribed
medicines of Ayurveda for CLD. Diet plays an
important role in the outcome of CLD. Takra (home
made butter milk), Cow ghee (emulsified fat), milk,
Mamasa Rasa (mutton juice), Lajja, potala, snake
guard with moderate protein , low salt diet for six
times a day shows better result in our practice. Water
intake restricted to 800-1000ml depending on patient
and concomitant diseases conditions. Sodium
depletion, oesophageal bleeding, hypo albumin,
ascites, sacropenia, portal hypertension, peritonitis,
Infection and encephalopathy are most serious
complications observed in our practice of CLD.
Hyponatrimea can be manageable by rock salt mixed
with butter milk. Elderly Alcoholic cirrhosis patients
have worst outcome compared to other Cirrhosis
patients. Alcohol obstinate is the prime factor for ALD.
Knowledge of modern haematological and
radiological investigations, Fibroscan, Prognostic
scoring like Child–Pugh score, MELD score are very
essential for Ayurveda doctors. Ayurveda doctor
should manage the complications with help of
hepatologist and gastroentrologist. Primary
prevention, secondary and tertiary prevention should
undertake individually and properly. Yogic exercise
has significant role in Primary prevention, secondary
and tertiary prevention of CLD. Panchakarma and
Rasayana therapy has good outcome in RCT. The
ayurveda treatment outcome in CLD is better
compared to modern system of medicine. It needs
integration for better outcome. So public
participation and awareness for Ayurveda treatment
in Chronic liver diseases are required along with
proper training and skill development of Ayurveda
Physicians.
[12],[13]
More evidences will create a hope
for CLD Patients.
R
EFERENCES
1. Mukherjee PS, Vishnubhatla S, Amarapurkar DN, Das K,
Sood A, Chawla YK, et al. (2017) Etiology and mode of
presentation of chronic liver diseases in India: A multi
centric study. PLoS ONE 12(10): e0187033.
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0187033
2. Panda AK, Bhuyan GC, Rao MM (2017) Ayurvedic
Intervention for Hepatobiliary Disorders: Current
Scenario and Future Prospect. J Tradit Med Clin Natur
6: 210.
3. Philips C A, Augustine P, Paramaguru R, et al. (February
22, 2019) Ayurveda Herbal Medicine-induced Liver
Cirrhosis. Cureus 11(2): e4122.
doi:10.7759/cureus.4122
4. Philips CA, Paramaguru R, Joy AK, Antony KL, Augustine
P. Clinical outcomes, histopathologic patterns and
chemical analysis of ayurveda and herbal medicine
associated with severe liver injury—a single center
experience from South India. Indian J Gastroenterol.
2018; 37: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12664-017-0815-8.
5. Luper S (1998) A review of plants used in the treatment
of liver disease: part 1.Alter Med Rev 36: 410-421.
6. Del Prete A, Scalera A, Iadevaia MD, Miranda A, Zulli C,
et al. (2012) Herbal Products: Benefits, Limits, and
Applications in Chronic Liver Disease. Evid Based Compl
Alter Med 2012
7. Panda, Ashok Kumar et al. Phyto Extracts of Carica
Papaya and Tinospora Cordifolia can correct
Thrombocytopenia In Alcoholic Decompensate Liver
Cirrhosis : Case Series. Journal of Ayurveda and
Integrated Medical Sciences (ISSN 2456-3110),
http://www.jaims.in/index.php/jaims/pages/view/Cita
tion, v. 3, n. 1, p. 99 - 101, apr. 2018. ISSN 2456-3110.
8. Ravirajsinh Jadeja, Ranjitsinh V. Devkar, and Srinivas
Nammi, “Herbal Medicines for the Treatment of
Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis: Current Scenario and
Future Prospects,” Evidence-Based Complementary
Dr. Ashok Kumar Panda et al. Ayurvedic treatment outcome for Chronic Liver diseases
ISSN: 2456-3110 REVIEW ARTICLE
Nov-Dec 2019
Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | Nov - Dec 2019 | Vol. 4 | Issue 6
4
and Alternative Medicine, vol. 2014, Article ID 648308,
18 pages, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/648308.
9. Panda AK, Das D, Dixit AK, Hazra J (2015) Rapid
clearance of HbsAg and liver transaminase in hepatitis
B infection with classical Ayurvedic formulation: case
study. Asian J Phytomed Clin Res 3: 1-5.
10. Panda AK, Rath KK, Barik LD (2016) Survival outcome in
the patients with advanced hepato-celluar carcinoma
treated with Ayurveda medication: Case series.
Proceeding of World Ayurveda congress.
11. Ashok Kumar Panda , Fiboscan evidence of Reversal of
Liver fibrosis by Ayurveda Medication: Case series,
Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology,
Volume 8,
12. Poornima P, Efferth T (2016) Ayurveda for Cancer
Treatment. Med Aromat Plants (Los Angel) 5: e178.
doi: 10.4172/2167-0412.1000e178
13. Nishanta Shukla , Ayurvedic approach for management
of liver parenchymal disease: A case study,5th World
Congress on Hepatitis & Liver Diseases Proceeding ,
August 10-12, 2017 London, UK.
*******************************
How to cite this article:
Dr. Ashok Kumar Panda, Dr. K.
K. Rath. Ayurvedic treatment outcome for Chronic Liver
diseases. J Ayurveda Integr Med Sci 2019;6:1-4.
Source of Support: Nil, Conflict of Interest: None
declared.
Copyright © 2019 The Author(s); Published by Maharshi Charaka Ayurveda Organization, Vijayapur (Regd). This is an open-access
article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0),
which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
... [10] These diseases involve progressive destruction and regeneration of liver parenchyma leading to functional and structural changes in the form of fibrosis. [11] Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, and alcohol consumption are considered to be the major global etiologies of Liver Cirrhosis [12][13][14] . Cirrhosis is defined as the histological development of regenerative nodules surrounded by fibrous bands in response to chronic liver injury, which leads to portal hypertension and end stage liver disease. ...
Article
Full-text available
Liver controls our whole body activities. Liver cirrhosis is a most common medical problem today. One and the chief cause of it is chronic alcoholic consumption. Excessive and prolonged use of alcohol affects every organ of the body. Although liver, heart and kidney are most affected due to heavy consumption, alcohol induced liver cirrhosis is a life threatening condition in maximum cases. More than 50% people of in India rely on Ayurveda and herbal medicine for liver diseases. More than three hundred herbo-mineral preparations are available in Ayurvedic system of medicine for the treatment of jaundice and chronic liver diseases. Ayurveda plays a master role in the fast and safe recovery of damaged liver. Liver cirrhosis can be correlated to Kumbhakamala in Ayurveda w.s.r. etiology, symptoms, complications and line of treatment. Ayurvedic drugs helps in rejuvenating the liver and minimizing the complications of cirrhosis such a liver cancer, fulminant hepatitis and prevents the chronicity of the disease. In the present article, analytical review of liver disorders and its management in Ayurveda has been evaluated.
Article
Full-text available
We present the rare case of a young male with sinusoidal obstruction syndrome due to Ayurvedic herbal medicine which he took for management of bilateral leg swelling associated with protein-losing enteropathy due to intestinal lymphangiectasia. The patient developed progressive sinusoidal fibrosis leading to cirrhosis on long term follow-up. In a diagnosis that took three years to conclude, we showcase serial liver biopsies that reveal the rare disease progression. Complementary and alternative medicine use among apparently healthy population is a potentially modifiable risk factor for liver diseases, in the presence of adequate public health education from concerned authorities.
Article
Full-text available
Hepatobiliary diseases include a heterogeneous group of diseases of the liver and biliary system affecting more than 50% population ranging from Non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases, gall stone, hepatitis to hepato-cellular carcinoma. Ayurveda has been using to treat several liver ailments, but its efficiency is poorly documented by means of scientific studies. High number of Aurveda liver tonics has been prescribing for chronic liver diseases and G.I. disorders. Thirteen classical Ayurveda formulations and eight medicinal plants mostly used by Ayurveda were reviewed along with scientific studies. Arogyavardhini vati is highest prescribing medicine in liver disorders. Haridra, Katuki, chireeta, punnanava, kiratatikta, Bhumi amalaki are commonest single herb used by the herbalist and Ayurveda physician in the treatment of Jaundice and other liver disorders. Many grey areas of hepato billiary disorders can be addressed through scientific research in Ayurveda.
Article
Full-text available
There is a paucity of health policy relevant data for chronic liver disease from India, impeding formulation of an interventional strategy to address the issue. A prospective, multicentric study to delineate the etiology and clinical profile of chronic liver disease in India is reported here. A centrally coordinated and monitored web-based data repository was developed (Feb, 2010 to Jan, 2013) and analyzed. Eleven hospitals from different parts of India participated. Data were uploaded into a web based proforma and monitored by a single centre according to a standardized protocol. 1.28% (n = 266621) of all patients (n = 20701383) attending the eleven participating hospitals of India had liver disease. 65807 (24·68%) were diagnosed for the first time (new cases). Of these, 13014 (19·77%, median age 43 years, 73% males) cases of chronic liver disease were finally analyzed. 33.9% presented with decompensated cirrhosis. Alcoholism (34·3% of 4413) was the commonest cause of cirrhosis while Hepatitis B (33·3%) was predominant cause of chronic liver disease in general and non-cirrhotic chronic liver disease (40·8% out of 8163). There was significant interregional differences (hepatitis C in North, hepatitis B in East and South, alcohol in North-east, Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in West) in the predominant cause of chronic liver disease. Hepatitis B (46·8% of 438 cases) was the commonest cause of hepatocellular Cancer.11·7% had diabetes. Observations of our study will help guide a contextually relevant liver care policy for India and could serve as a framework for similar endeavor in other developing countries as well.
Article
Full-text available
Phyto-medicines have been used traditionally by herbalists and indigenous healers worldwide for the prevention and treatment of liver diseases specially jaundice. More than sixty percent of jaundice patients of our country have the 1st choice to visit to traditional healers for their treatment. Classical text of Ayurveda vividly narrated about Kamala (Jaundice) and many classical formulations are in active practice along with anupana (adjuvents)). Hepatitis is one of the causes for Kamala (Jaundice). None of the classical Ayurveda formulation’s therapeutic outcome is studied meticulously in hepatitis infections. Therefore we plan to observe the outcome of hepatitis cases treated with conventional Ayurveda treatment. Here we presented one hepatitis B infection treated with two classical Ayurvedic formulations, Argyavardhinivati along with leaf juice of Bhumyamlaki (Phyllanthusfraternus G.B.Wbster.) and triphlachurna. The loss of HBsAg has taken place in 45days. SGOT and SGPT were normalised after 45days of treatment. It is very clear from this observational study that Argyavardhinivati along with leaf juice of Bhumyamlaki (Phyllanthusfratarnus L.) and Triphlachurna have significant role to clearance of HBs Ag rapidly and normalise Liver Transminase in Hepatitis B infection within 45days. RCT on large sample is recommended.
Article
Full-text available
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a multifactorial disease and has close correlations with other metabolic disorders. This makes its treatment difficult using a single pharmacological drug. Use of plant extract/decoction or polyherbal formulation to treat various liver diseases is very well mentioned in various traditional systems of medicine (Ayurveda, Japanese or traditional Chinese Medicine, and Kampo medicine). Medicinal herbs are known for their multifaceted implications and thus can form an effective treatment schedule against NASH. Till date, several plant extracts, polyherbal formulations, and phytochemicals have been evaluated for their possible therapeutic potential in preventing onset and progression of NASH in experimental models, but clinical studies using the same are sparse. Herbal extracts with antioxidants, antidiabetic, and antihyperlipidemic properties have been shown to ameliorate symptoms of NASH. This review article is a meticulous compilation of our current knowledge on the role of natural products in alleviating NASH and possible lacunae in research that needs to be addressed.
Article
Thrombocytopenia (platelet count less than 150 × 109/L) is a frequent complication of decompensate cirrhosis and is considered as an indicator of advanced disease. Carica papaya leaf juice has beneficial effect in thrombocytopenia associated with dengue. Tinospora cordifolia has been shown to prevent the fibrous tissue deposition of liver by modulation of kupffer cell activation. An attempt was taken to observe the usefulness of extract Carica papaya and Tinospora cordifolia in alcoholic decompensate cirrhosis. A market available product Cariden is easily available to the patients which contains Phyto extracts of Carica papaya 1100mg and Tinospora cordifolia 500mg. Phyto extracts of Carica papaya and Tinospora cordifolia can enhance the platelet count within 15 days and it can normalise the platelet within 90 days of therapy in all three cases. Further randomised control trial is suggested.
Article
LINK TO ARTICLE FULL: http://rdcu.be/HIGe Introduction Ayurvedic and herbal medicines (AHM) are known to cause varying degrees of drug-induced liver injury (DILI). Clinical, biochemical, histological spectrum and outcomes of AHM linked to severe DILI are not well studied. Methods Out of 1440 liver disease patients, 94 were found to have a severe liver injury and associated AHM intake. Thirty-three patients were suspected to have AHM-DILI on Roussel Uclaf Causality Assessment Scoring Method. Forty-seven and 30 of retrieved AHM samples were analyzed for heavy metals and hepatotoxic volatile organic compounds (hVOCs), respectively. Eleven patients ingested AHM from unregistered traditional healers (UTH). Clinicopathological outcomes were analyzed in 27 patients (who underwent liver biopsy) and outcomes with respect to chemical analyses were studied in 33 patients. Results Males predominated (70.4%) with mean age 46.9±15.8 years. Mean follow up was 119.2±81.4 days. The median duration of drug intake was 28 days (10 – 84). Five patients died (18.5%). Hepatic encephalopathy, hypoalbuminemia, and hepatic necrosis were significantly associated with mortality (p < 0.005). Arsenic and mercury ingestion was significantly associated with death (p < 0.005). hVOCs were detected in more than 70% of samples. AHM intake from UTH was associated with higher mortality. Conclusion Adequate regulation and scrutiny regarding AHM use among the general population is an unmet need. Early liver biopsy after clinical identification of at-risk patients can expedite definitive treatment with a liver transplant.
Article
Botanicals have been used traditionally by herbalists and indigenous healers worldwide for the prevention and treatment of liver disease. Clinical research in this century has confirmed the efficacy of several plants in the treatment of liver disease. Basic scientific research has uncovered the mechanisms by which some plants afford their therapeutic effects. Silybum marianum (milk thistle) has been shown to have clinical applications in the treatment of toxic hepatitis, fatty liver, cirrhosis, ischemic injury, radiation toxicity, and viral hepatitis via its antioxidative, anti-lipid peroxidative, antifibrotic, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulating, and liver regenerating effects. Picrorhiza kurroa, though less well researched than Silybum, appears to have similar applications and mechanisms of action. When compared with Silybum, the hepatoprotective effect of Picrorhiza was found to be similar, or in many cases, superior to the effect of Silybum.
Article ID 648308, 18 pages
and Alternative Medicine, vol. 2014, Article ID 648308, 18 pages, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/648308.
Survival outcome in the patients with advanced hepato-celluar carcinoma treated with Ayurveda medication: Case series
  • A K Panda
  • K K Rath
  • L D Barik
Panda AK, Rath KK, Barik LD (2016) Survival outcome in the patients with advanced hepato-celluar carcinoma treated with Ayurveda medication: Case series. Proceeding of World Ayurveda congress.