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Abstract

In European countries such as Denmark and the Netherlands, the compact city is regarded as a sustainable city model. Because of high density and intensity, the quality of the urban environment is essential for its success. As dense cities may also be experienced as ‘dense’ and ‘intense’ in terms of activity and sound, the acoustic environment of public urban spaces are currently attracting attention from such perspectives, including wider notions of ‘quiet’ and ‘resonance’. To study these phenomena, a case study was set up in Copenhagen and Amsterdam, and four typologies of urban public space were defined in each city. A questionnaire survey was conducted, and supported by transcribed soundtracks, respondents’ statements provided insight into their experience of the acoustic environment of these spaces, i.e. the soundscapes. Results indicate that the urban environment has the potential for offering environmental and existential resonance, and points to relations between sound quality and built density. This is of importance for both urban planning and the public health agenda. Based on these initial findings it is suggested that soundscape information may offer inspiration for rethinking compact city characteristics such as density and intensity, potentially stimulating cultural uniqueness and diversity and inspire ‘new typology thinking’.

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... In contrast, other researchers highlight the importance of perceptual and cognitive factors in soundscape assessment [22][23][24]. According to Wiemann et al. [25], the ISO 12913-1 [3] definition marks an attempt to find consensus by differentiating the soundscape (perceptual construct) from the acoustic environment (physical phenomenon). This article adopts the ISO 12913-1 [3] definition as a broad framework, while specifically focusing on acoustic, psychoacoustic and perceptual dimensions as detailed in the following section. ...
... The international standard ISO 12913-1 [3] introduces a consensus on the definition of a soundscape based on the diversity of current research contributions. According to Wiemann et al. [25], this international standard differentiates the soundscape (i.e., perceptual construction) from its acoustic environment (i.e., physical phenomenon). First, a soundscape can be qualified from the sound sources emanating from a landscape; they are classified into three main categories: geophony (i.e., sounds generated by geophysics), biophony (i.e., biologically produced sounds) and perceived anthrophony (i.e., sounds produced by machines) [22][23][24][30][31][32]. ...
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This research introduces an experimental framework based on 3D acoustic and psycho-acoustic sensors supplemented with ambisonics and sound morphological analysis, whose objective is to study urban soundscapes. A questionnaire that highlights the differences between what has been measured and what has been perceiveSd by humans complements the quantitative approach with a qualitative evaluation. The comparison of the measurements with the questionnaire provides a global vision of the perception of these soundscapes, as well as differences and similarities. The approach is experimented within the historical center of the Tunisian city of Sidi Bou Saïd, demonstrating that from a range of complementary protocols, a soundscape environment can be qualified. This framework provides an additional dimension to urban planning studies.
... Definitions of noise oscillate between the subjective and objective perspectives (Eriksson-Aras 2017), and conceptions of how noisiness fits in the urban space are deeply enmeshed in lifestyle preferences and socio-cultural contexts (e.g. Garcia 2018;Alexander & Stokoe 2019;Nielsen, Jørgensen & Braae 2019;Weber, Helal, Lesem, Maaß, Schwedler, Wohldorf & Würbach 2019). There is also a considerable amount of individual variation in tolerance for different qualities and quantities of sound (Guski 1977;Smith 2003;Van Kamp, Job, Hatfield, Haines, Stellato & Stansfeld 2004;Dzhambov & Dimitrova 2015;Gille, Marquis-Favre & Weber 2016). ...
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Chapter
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L'A. etudie les conceptions orientales de la personnalite et de l'identite en soulignant la particularite de chaque tradition confucianiste, taoiste, bouddhiste et hindouiste. L'A. compare ensuite les conceptions orientales et occidentales concernant la distinction sujet-objet, le rapport soi-autrui, la centralite et la souverainete
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Thesis (M. City Plan.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Microfilm of the original.
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This book develops a fresh and challenging perspective on the city. Drawing on a wide and diverse range of material and texts, it argues that too much contemporary urban theory is based on nostalgia for a humane, face-to-face and bounded city. Amin and Thrift maintain that the traditional divide between the city and the rest of the world has been perforated through urban encroachment, the thickening of the links between the two, and urbanization as a way of life. They outline an innovative sociology of the city that scatters urban life along a series of sites and circulations, reinstating previously suppressed areas of contemporary urban life: from the presence of non-human activity to the centrality of distant connections. The implications of this viewpoint are traced through a series of chapters on power, economy and democracy. This concise and accessible book will be of interest to students and scholars in sociology, geography, urban studies, cultural studies and politics.
  • OECD
The Sonic Identity of European Cities. A presentation of the work conducted by the Swiss-French researcher Pascal Amphoux
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L’identite sonore des villes Européennes. Guide methodologique. Grenoble
  • P Amphoux
Good practice guide on quiet areas
  • A Bloomfield
City is me. Bristol: GBR: Intellect
  • R Araujo
Towards a ‘new’ sonic ecology
  • M A Cobussen
Atmosphere as mindful physical presence in space
  • G Böhme
Mountains beyond mountains
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Sonic experience, aguide to everyday sounds. Montreal: McGill-Queen’s University Press
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Flow - the psychology of happiness
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