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Investigation on the geochemical properties of potential source rock in south Sari area – North Iran

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Abstract

This article to indicate for geochemical properties of the organic matters, of possible source rock in South Sari Area. Therefore four sample of the Miocene sediments in the area were analyzed using Rock-Eval pyrolysis. The result of Rock-Eval pyrolysis show that such beds are not good source and have poor to fair content of organic matter in which the total organic carbon richness (TOC) ranged between 0.15 & 0.48 Wt.%. These beds generally contain kerogen type III. The maturity of these source beds range from immature to early mature oil window in these beds. Thus no potential gas/oil source intervals were encountered in this sediment. In organic facies study determine, this bed were sediments in regressive continental environment too.
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








 (Possible Source Rock)










 



 





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
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

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


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
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





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









(Varashchenko-1987)




 























TOCTPIOIHITmaxS3S2S1Sample
0.480.3265274370.310.130.6SH-04
0.150.9525384370.380.010.22SH-25
0.150.892474***0.370.010.05SH-52
0.40.4375144280.30.050.04SH-70
0.210.25124864740.260.180.06Khazar-06
0.360.2867364390.240.130.05Khazar-07
0.230.411 3264360.260.060.04Khazar-08
0.390.2449414380.190.160.05Khazar-09


TOCSS

OIHI














S1

(mg HC/g Rock) 
S2

S2

(mg HC/g Rock)


S2
CO2S3
CO2




Peters and Cassa
S
2
(mg HC/g
rock)
S
1
(mg HC/g
rock)
TOC (wt %)Quantity
0-2.50-0.50-0.5Poor
2.5-50.5-10.5-1Fair
5-101-21-2Good
10-202-42-4Very good
>20>4>4Excellent
Kerogen
type
S
2
/S
3
HI (mg
HC/g TOC)
Quality
IV<1<50None
III1-550-200Gas
II/III5-10200-300Gas and oil
II10-15300-600oil
I>15>600oil
TAIT
max
(ºC)R
º
(%)Maturation
1.5- 2.6<4350.2- 0.6lmmature
2.6- 2.7435-4450.2- 0.65Early
Mature 2.7- 2.9445-4500.65- 0.9Peak
2.9- 3.3450-4700.9- 1.35Late
>3.3>470>1.35Postmature


S2TMax


S2/TOCHI
S3/TOCOI
PI
.S1/(S1+S2




S2

 TOC و S2، S1





TOCS1+S2 




SH-04




ROPITMaxMaturity
0.60.1435-445Oil Window
1.20.4470Gas Window





A

AB

B

BC



C


CD


D

TMaxHI

HI
OI




O/C H/C

S3
S2
OIHI(Hunt1996

OIHI

II
IIISH-52SH-25


TMax

IOITMax
IIIII

TMax

SH-70 
Khazar
SH-52
TMax
TMaxHI



SH-TMax
52

Post MatureTMax = 474Khazar-6
 TMax = 437

TMax = 428SH-7 
.(TMax< 435)
،Khazar-6





Jones –)
HI(1987
OI


HITOC





HI
OI



 Khazar-6 






TOC
HITOC

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
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


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


IIIII



TMax
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

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
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
1.TOC
2. Maykop Series
3.Hydrogen Index
4.Oxygen Index
5.Potential Index
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Applied organic geochemistry provides the information needed to make maps of the richness, type, and thermal maturity of a source rock. These maps are a necessary step toward determining the stratigraphic and geographic extent of a pod of active source rock in a petroleum system, and they are based on geochemical analyses of rock samples from outcrops and wells that are displayed on logs. These geochemical well logs are based on Rock-Eval pyrolysis, total organic carbon, vitrinite reflectance, and other rapid, inexpensive "screening" methods. The logs define (1) potential, effective, and spent petroleum source rock; (2) the thermal maturation gradient, including immature, mature, and postmature zones, and (3) in situ and migrated petroleum shows. Useful geochemical logs require proper sample selection, preparation, analysis, and interpretation. Detailed studies, including oil-source rock correlations by biomarker and supporting techniques, are undertaken on selected samples only after the screening methods are completed.
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Thirty-seven crude oils and 20 source rocks were selected for detailed molecular geochemical and isotopic analyses in order to establish the genetic relationships between the discovered oils and various petroleum source facies in the Western Pearl River Basin, offshore South China Sea. Four groups of oils were identified. The Group I oils, distributed in the southwestern WC19-1 field of Wenchang B sag, are characterized by high abundance of 4-methyl steranes relative to regular steranes, low abundance of bicadinanes and high δ13C values, showing good correlation with the medium-deep lacustrine source facies in the Wenchang Formation. The Group II oils represent the majority of the discovered oil reserves in the study area, including those from the Qionghai uplift and the northeast block of the WC19-1 oil field. These oils have moderate concentrations of C30 4-methylsteranes, abundant bicadinanes and low δ13C values, and correlate well with the shallow lake source facies of the Wenchang Formation in the Wenchang B and A sags. The group III oils, found in the Wenchang A sag and surrounding areas, are devoid of C30 4-methylsteranes, with abundant bicadinanes and similar δ13C values to those of the Group II oils. These characteristics show close affinity with the coal-bearing sequence in the Enping Formation, thus suggesting a coaly source for these oils. The Group IV oils, found only in the WC8-3 field, display intermediate chemical compositions between the Group II and Group III oils, most likely from mixed sources in the Wenchang A sag. These oil–source genetic relationships suggest dominantly short distance oil migration and thus strong source facies controls on the geographic distribution of oil and gas fields within the Western Pearl River Mouth Basin.