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Methods and results of roses’ breeding from different garden groups in the south of Russia
... The genus includes about 200 species; however, only 10-15 of them have contributed to the garden groups of modern roses (Cairns, 2007). According to the modern classification, the world's entire collection represented by 40,000 cultivars is subdivided into 36 horticultural groups (Annotated Catalog ..., 2018;Plugatar et al., 2019). The most valuable quality of the cultivars from the Tea-Hybrid, Floribunda, Grandiflora, Rosa Kordesii, Polyanthus and Miniature groups is their ability for remontant flowering (Klimenko, 2010;Gorodnyaya, 2014;Tyshchenko, 2015), which is biologically con ditioned by the presence in their hereditary basis of the genetic material from the evergreen species of section Indicae that do not tolerate winter well and are not prone to winter dormancy. ...
The breeding of remontant rose cultivars that are resistant to diseases and adverse conditions, with high decorative value and continuous flowering is the most important task during work with the gene pool of garden roses. Currently, intercultivar hybridization within a single garden group has largely outlived its usefulness. It is necessary to breed for highly decorative forms or cultivars that have outstanding resistance, morphological characters and patterns of seasonal rhythms, and use these plants as parental forms in further breeding. This study represents a comparative analysis of rose cultivars from two garden groups, Grandiflora (Gurzuf, Lezginka, Korallovy Syurpriz, Queen Elizabeth, Komsomolsky Ogonyok, Love) and Rosa Kordesii (Letniye Zvyozdy, Dortmund, Gutsulochka). These cultivars proved themselves during many years of testing in harsh climatic conditions. The objectives of the study were to determine the genetic relationship within the groups and to assign phenotypically different cultivars to one or another garden group. The analysis was carried out by morphological, phenological and ISSR markers. According to the phenological observations on the Grandiflora cultivars, Komsomolsky Ogonyok had later budding and flowering stages. Polymorphic data generated from the ISSR markers showed that this cultivar was the most distant from the others and formed a separate cluster on the dendrogram. A comparison of the morphological characters (flower diameter, number of petals, peduncle length, bush height) showed a significant difference ( p < 0.05) between Komsomolsky Ogonyok and the other Grandiflora cultivars. A dendrogram based on a molecular analysis showed a lack of close relationships between Komsomolsky Ogonyok and the Kordesii group, which formed a separate cluster. A pairwise comparison of the morphological characters in Komsomolsky Ogonyok with the Kordesii group revealed a significant ( p < 0.05) difference in three of the four characters studied. The exceptions were flower diameter when comparing with Dortmund and Letniye Zvyozdy and peduncle length when comparing with Gutsulochka. Although Komsomolsky Ogonyok has a pattern of seasonal development similar to Dortmund in the Kordesii group, the molecular analysis did not assign the former to this group of roses. The cultivars that have valuable characters that no average rose does and that are phenotypically different from such roses represent the most valuable breeding material.
... Садовые розы традиционно выращиваются в привитой культуре (1)(2)(3)(4). В Сибири нет естественных местообитаний наиболее широко используемого подвоя Rosa canina L., который произрастает в Европе, Западной и Средней Азии, Северной Африке, в Крыму и на Кавказе. Восточная граница ареала этого вида не достигает Камы (5). ...
... Садовые розы традиционно выращиваются в привитой культуре (1)(2)(3)(4). В Сибири нет естественных местообитаний наиболее широко используемого подвоя Rosa canina L., который произрастает в Европе, Западной и Средней Азии, Северной Африке, в Крыму и на Кавказе. Восточная граница ареала этого вида не достигает Камы (5). ...
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