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Saleh et al Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Development. 2019; 7(3): 22-30
ISSN: 2320-4850 [22] CODEN (USA): AJPRHS
Available online on 15.06.2019 at http://ajprd.com
Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Development
Open Access to Pharmaceutical and Medical Research
© 2013-19, publisher and licensee AJPRD, This is an Open Access article which permits unrestricted non-
commercial use, provided the original work is properly cited
Open Access Research Article
Hearbal Detox Extract Formulation from Seven Wonderful Natural
Herbs: Garlic, Ginger, Honey, Carrots, Aloe Vera, Dates, & Corn
Saleh Mohammed Yerima1*, Chaturvedi Saurabh2, Bello Ibrahim3, Khan
Mohammed Shahid2, Jain Harshita2, Nama Nitin2, Jain Vikas2
1Disease Control Unit (Epidemiology), Yobe State Primary Health Care Management Board
(Ministry of Health) Yobe State, Nigeria
2Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Career Point University Kota,
Rajasthan, India
3National Biotechnology Development Agency, Abuja, Nigeria
A B S T R A C T
The current mode of treatment of various diseases that cause as result of tobacco products based on synthetic drugs is very
expensive, insalubrious and also not obtainable to all patients, at the same time these drugs alters genetics and metabolic
pathways and also shows great adverse side effects to many patients. Hence, a safe and effective alternative natural remedy is
needed to prevent the disease development and progression. In this lookout, natural recipes are indeed healthy and good
remedy in the treatment/management of diseases that cause as result of tobacco products and these natural herbs are
affordable, accessible and effective without any adverse side effects. These seven wonderful natural recipes (Garlic, ginger,
honey, carrots, aloe Vera, dates & corn) are considered to be the most significant ancient herbs that have been used as an
herbal remedy for over 2500 years all over the world. Although this research is first of its kind, because there was no such
research conducted by any researcher who combined these seven wonderful natural recipes as a therapeutics, however there
were several similar earlier studies on one or combination of either these recipes which have shown a very remarkable and
suitable alternative remedy in various diseases cure without any side effects. This juice extracts from seven wonderful natural
recipes are of paramount important with an immense medical properties and health beneficial effects that treats cancer
further complications, cleanse the nicotine & tar from lungs that cause as a result of tobacco uses, boost immune system, as
well as serve as an antibiotic in the remedy of many ailments.
Keywords: Tobacco, cancer, 7 natural herbal formula- anti-cancer, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory
A R T I C L E I N F O: Received 12 Feb 2019; Review Completed 20 April 2019; Accepted 10 May 2019; Available online 15 June 2019
Cite this article as:
Saleh M Y, Chaturvedi S, Bello I, Khan M S, Jain H, Nama N, Jain V, Hearbal Detox Extract Formulation from Seven
Wonderful Natural Herbs: Garlic, Ginger, Honey, Carrots, Aloe Vera, Dates, & Corn, Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical
Research and Development. 2019; 7(3):22-30, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/ajprd.v7i3.485
*Address for Correspondence:
Mohammed Yerima Saleh, Disease Control Unit (Epidemiology), Yobe State Primary Health Care Management Board
(Ministry of Health) Yobe State, Nigeria
INTRODUCTION
obacco plant is native to North and South America
continents and they knew it cultivation over 8000
years ago. It was Christopher Columbus who landed in
America brought this plant to European countries.
Portuguese traders brought tobacco plants to India during
1600 through Goa and Indians started cultivating it. Thus,
the tobacco use spread from Americas to the rest of the
world. In India, earlier it was restricted to Royal people
but later in 17th century even common people started
using it. Gradually tobacco got assimilated in to cultural
rituals and social fabric due to presumed medicinal and
actually addictive properties attributed to it. Tobacco can
be consumed in different forms and by different methods
across the globe; in form of smoking, chewing, dipping or
sniffing. In 2006, more than 1 billion smokers in the
world consumed about 5.7 trillion cigarettes1,2. An
additional 700 billion bidis are consumed annually in
India alone3. There is wide variation in smoking
prevalence among both males and females from one
region to another. Globally, the prevalence of smoking is
higher for men (40% in 2006) than for women (nearly 9%
in 20006), and males account 80% of all smokers (nearly
T
Saleh et al Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Development. 2019; 7(3): 22-30
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1 billion). Tobacco use is the leading preventable cause
of disease and death in the world. Worldwide, tobacco use
accounts for more than six million death (5.4 million
deaths due tobacco use and 0.6 million due to secondhand
smoke) each year and is expected to cause more than eight
million deaths by the year 20304.
Tobacco consumptions has fallen substantially over the
past 30 years in many industrialized countries as a result
of the hazards of tobacco use and the implementation of
aggressive and effective tobacco control policies. In
contrast, over the same period, tobacco consumption has
been increasing in the developing world; developing
nations now consume the greatest share of the world‟s
cigarette production1. Just as global tobacco consumption
is shifting between the industrialized and developing
countries; one of the saddest thing is, the tobacco
pandemic is also spreading to women in a variety of
settings. Historically, smoking by women in industrialized
countries increased during the last century, lagging behind
the rise in men by about 20 to 30 years5. This rise among
women can be attributed to weakening social, cultural,
and political constraints coupled with women‟s earning
power and targeted marketing tobacco companies6.
Health Benefits of each Ingredients Based on Scientific
Evidence as follows
GINGER (Zingiber officinale Roscoe)
The ginger belongs to the family of Zingiberaceaeand it is
one of the most commonly consumed dietary condiments
in the world 7. Ginger originated in South-East Asia and
then used in many countries as a spice and condiment to
add flavor to food 8. Besides this, the rhizome of ginger
has also been used in traditional herbal medicine. The
health promoting prospective of ginger is attributed to its
rich phytochemistry9. Ginger has staring potential for
treating a number of ailments including degenerative
disorders (arthritis and rheumatism), digestive health
(indigestion, constipation and ulcer), cardiovascular
disorders (atherosclerosis and hypertension), vomiting,
diabetes mellitus, and cancer. It also has anti-
inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties for controlling
the process of aging. Furthermore, it has antimicrobial
potential as well which can help in treating infectious
diseases and generation of free radicals or reactive oxygen
species (ROS) during metabolism beyond the antioxidant
capacity of a biological systems results in oxidative stress,
which plays an essential role in heart diseases, cancer, and
in the aging process. The bioactive molecules of ginger
like gingerols have shown antioxidant activity in various
modules 9, 10.
HEALTH BENEFITS OF GINGER:
Anti-cancer Effects of Ginger
The mechanism of ginger for acting as chemopreventive
spice remains a matter of conflict among researchers.
Ingredients like (6)-gingerol, (6)-shogaol, (6)-paradol, and
zerumbone in ginger exhibits anti-inflammatory and
antitumorigenic activities11,12. Ginger and its bioactive
molecules are effective in controlling the extent of
colorectal, gastric, ovarian, liver, skin, breast, and prostate
cancers 11, 13
Anti-oxidative Stress Effects of Ginger
The rich phytochemistry of ginger includes components
that scavenge free radicals produced in biological
systems. For the purpose of energy production, some free
radicals which generated during the process of oxidation
are essentials. In such circumstances of imbalance, extra
antioxidant supplementation through dietary modules is
essential for organism vitality, and the anti-oxidative
properties of ginger and its components have been
explored in various in vitro and in vivo tests.
Strengthening the body‟s defenses by improving the
antioxidant status will undoubtedly protect human against
many chronic diseases 9. 6-shogaol has exhibited the most
potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties in
ginger, which can be attributed to the presence of alpha,
beta-unsaturated ketone moiety 14.
Anti-diabetic Effects of Ginger
Some research studies have proved the effectiveness of
ginger against diabetes and its complications. Weidner
and Sigwart conducted an experimental study and
indicated that ginger extract with a high content of
gingerols and shogaols did not induce significant changes
in blood glucose, blood coagulation, blood pressure, and
heart rate in rat models 15. However, ginger significantly
lowered blood pressure, serum total cholesterol, LDL,
VLDL and triglycerides, and raised HDL in
hyperglycemic rats, in models that are diabetic, deficient
in the apolipoprotein E gene or those that have been fed a
high lipid diet 16.
Anti-inflammatory Effects of Ginger
In an ancient culture, medical practitioners focused on
herbs for promoting the immune systems of body. In
many countries ginger and its products raise the immune
system 17. Habib et al. showed that ginger extract can
reduce the elevated expression of NFkaB and TNF-α in
rats with liver cancer 18.
DATE PALM (phoenix dactylifera)
Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) is widely grown in the
hot arid regions mainly in the Middle East and North
Africa, and provides nutrition, as a staple food for
centuries, food security, and raw material to the food
industry. Every part of the date palm is useful. Dates offer
useful prospects for fighting hunger and diseases. It is
considered as a tree of life and sometimes as “Bread of
Desert”. This fruit was highly esteemed by the ancient
civilizations more than 5000 years ago.Date, the fruit of
date palm, can be considered as an ideal food that
provides a wide range of essential nutrients with many
potential health benefits. Eating dates in moderation can
contribute immensely to health benefits, such as
protecting against damage to cells from free radicals,
helping preventing a stroke, coronary heart diseases and
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the development of colon, prostate, breast, endometrial,
lung, and pancreatic cancers 17-18.
Medicinal Benefits of Date Palm (Phoenix Dactylifera)
The benefits of dates include relief from constipation,
intestinal disorders, heart problems, anemia, sexual
dysfunctions, diarrhea, abdominal cancer, and many other
conditions. Dates also help for a healthy weight gain.
They are rich in several vitamins, minerals, and fiber.
Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, Antimutagenic, and
Anticancer Activities of Date Fruit
In addition to their significance as an ideal high-energy
food, in the folklore, the dates are believed to have many
medicinal properties such as to provide strength, fitness,
and relief against a number of ailments and pains
including fever, stomach disorders, memory disturbances,
nervous disorders, as well as aphrodisiac and to boost the
immunity. They are also considered to protect against
many chronic diseases including cancer and heart diseases
19. As they have been shown to contain antioxidant and
antimutagenic properties 20-21.
Aqueous extracts of dates have also been shown to inhibit
the lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation as well as
exhibit a potent superoxide and hydroxyl radical
scavenging activity 22. Panahi and Asadi (2009) reported
that extract of date fruit were useful in controlling the
blood cholesterol levels and also protected the CA1
neurons against oxidative injury 23. Methanolic and
aqueous extracts of date flesh and seeds have also been
shown to exhibit anti-inflammatory properties and
suppressed the swelling in the foot and adjuvant arthritis
24.
Dates are a rich source of hydroxyl pope folic acid and
therefore eating on dates can increase the body‟s
immunity and resistance to cancers. The preparations
made from the extracted polysaccharides (glucans) from
Lybian dates exhibited a dose-dependent anticancer
activity by suppressing the growth of Sarcoma 180 tumor
cells in female CD1 mice 25. It is a common belief in the
Middle East that the consumption of dates, particularly in
the morning on an empty stomach, can reverse the actions
of any toxic material that the subject may have been
exposed to 26.
HONEY (Apis mellifera)
Honey is an old ancient‟s medicinal use all over the
world. The honey bee is believed to have originated in the
Southern Asia, although some scholars say Africa. About
12,000 varieties of bees exist in the world. One of the
earliest evidence of honey harvesting is on a rock painting
dating back 8000 years; this one found in Valencia, Spain
shows a honey seeker robbing a wide bee colony.
Honey helps to heal the stomach, pancreas and lungs as it
tonifies, soothes and nourishes the linings of these organs.
Even though honey is a sugar, it is loaded with nutrients,
enzymes and minerals and therefore providing more
benefits than just a sweet flavor.
HEALTH BENEFITS OF HONEY
Anti-inflammation Action of Honey
Honey reduces the activity of cytooxygenase-1 and
cyclooxygenase-2, thus showing anti-inflammatory effects
and demonstrates immunomodulatory activities, and
furthermore, ingestion of diluted natural honey showed
reduction effect on concentrations of prostaglandins such
as prostaglandin F2, prostaglandin F2α, and thromboxane
B2 in plasma of normal individuals 27. Bilsel et al. (2002)
have proved that anti-inflammatory activity of honey was
as effective as prednisolone, reference drug 28.
Furthermore, honey has an anti-inflammatory action free
from adverse side effects, such as suppression of immune
response and tissue growth, formation of ulcers in
stomach, etc 27, 28.
Anti-oxidants Activity of Honey
Honey has exhibited a strong antioxidant potential and its
activity is strongly correlated with the content of total
phenolics, and the color of honey. It was found that dark
honey has higher total phenolics content than the other,
and consequently, a higher antioxidant capacity honey
also has an exhibited oxidative stress which may be partly
responsible for its neuroprotective activity.
Hyperlipidemia and production of free radicals are risk
factors for cardiovascular diseases, a wide range of
phenolics compounds are present in honey which has
promising effect in the treatment of cardiovascular
diseases 29-30.
Anti-diabetic Properties of Honey
The use of honey in Type I and II diabetes was associated
with significantly lower of glycemic index than with
glucose or sucrose in normal diabetes. Due to the low
glycemic index of the honey, it helps to reduce the
absorption of digested food. Honey compared with
dextrose caused a significantly lower rise in plasma
glucose levels in diabetic subjects. It also caused
reduction of blood lipids, homocysteine levels and C-
reactive protein levels in normal and hyperlipidemic
subjects 30, 31.
Antimicrobial Activity of Honey
Honey has been reported to have antibacterial activity
against various bacterial species including Bacillus
anthracis, Corynebacterium diphtheria, Haemophilus
influenzae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Listeria
monocytogenes, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Pasteurella
multocida, Yersinia enterocolitica, Proteus species,
Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter species,
Salmonella diarrhea, Salmonella typhi, Serratia
marcescens, Shigella dysentery, Staphylococcus aureus,
streptococcus faecalis, Streptococcus mutans,
Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, and
Vibrio cholera 31, 33-34.
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Wound Healing Activity of Honey
Honey has cleansing action on wound, stimulates tissue
regeneration, reduces inflammation, and honey
impregnated pads act as non-adhesive tissue dressing,
clinical trials have revealed that honey dressing showed
better improvement (e.g., dressing in burns with amniotic
membrane dressing; silver sulfadiazine dressing, and
boiled potato peel dressing) and showed early healing
with lesser degree of contracture and scarring 31.
GARLIC (Allium sativum Linn.)
Garlic or Allium sativum Linn (Alliaceae), originally
indigenous to Asia, ancient civilizations used garlic to
treat asthma, digestive disorders, heart diseases,
infections, respiratory disorders, tumors, and even
intestinal worms. Today, science claims for the health
benefits of garlic include lower blood pressure and
cholesterol, an anti-inflammatory effect, reduced risk of
cancer, and a stronger immune system. Scientific research
has revealed that garlic or its constituents indeed have a
broad range of biological activities including immune
stimulation, anticarcinogenic and antitumour activity
besides being natural antibiotics with antiviral,
antibacterial and antifungal actions. In recent times effects
of garlic on cardiovascular diseases have been much
publicized 35-37.
Garlic and Anticarcinogenesis
Several experimental studies on animals and cultured cells
have demonstrated the anticarcinogenic effect of garlic
and its chemical compounds. Oral feeding of garlic
extracts has been shown to reduce the incidence and
growth of transplantable and spontaneous tumours in
experimental animals and the active components were
found to influence a number of physiological and
immunological functions which account for their
anticarcinogenic and antitumour effects. When garlic oil
was topically applied during the initiation phase of benzo
(a) pyrene (BP) induced skin carcinogenesis in mice, a
decline was noted in the incidence and multiplicity of
tumours 35. Oral administration of fresh water extract of
garlic was shown to result in reduction of chemically
induced cervical carcinomas in mice 36. Garlic treatment
inhibited development of murine transitional cell
carcinomas significantly, and an aqueous extract
effectively suppressed dimethylbenz(a)anthracene
(DMBA) induced oral carcinogenesis in hamsters by
modulation of lipid peroxidation and glutathione (GSH),
glutathione-stransferase (GST) and glutathione peroxidase
(GPx) levels 37.
Experimental investigations have implicated specific
thioallyl constituents and their derivatives regarding the
anti-cancer actions of garlic, although many other cancer
chemopreventive compounds are also known to be
present. The efficacy of various garlic derived compounds
in inhibiting experimental carcinogenesis has been
investigated by many 35-37.
HEALTH BENEFITS OF GARLIC
Garlic is nutrient dense: high in the good stuff like
manganese, vitamins B6 and C, selenium, and fiber
your body needs without heavy calories. It even has a
bit of protein and carbs.
Garlic is a power antioxidant: free radical damage that
leads to body-wide inflammation is the root cause of
many diseases and conditions including heart disease,
obesity, diabetes , aging, Alzheimer‟s, and cancer.
Garlic „‟ramps up‟‟ your body‟s ability to fight free
radicals. If you suffer from an autoimmune disease (a
growing epidemic around the globe), you need garlic
in your daily diet!
Garlic is an excellent for your heart: researchers in
Saudi Arabia found that the equivalent of four cloves
of garlic was effective as a hypertension drug called
“Atenolol”. Red blood cells convert the sulfuric
compounds of garlic into hydrogen sulfide gas, which
helps to expand blood vessels and lower pressure.
Garlic also lowers LDL “bad” cholesterol by much as
15% overall and has been proven to help prevent
hardening of the arteries (atherosclerosis).
Garlic boosts your immune system: one study
conducted during prime cold season in the United
Kingdom found that participants using garlic had 60%
fewer colds that wrapped up faster (with less extreme
symptoms) than those on a placebo. Steeping crushed
garlic in tea (with a bit of lemon and honey) could be
the cold relief you have been looking for all your life.
Garlic is effective against fungus and parasites:
Regular consumption of garlic can help prevent
negative effects of bacteria and parasites in your food
(including food poisoning). Studies have included
using fresh garlic to treat E. Coli, Staphylococcus
aureus, and salmonella enteritis. Also, for those who
suffer from athlete‟s foot. Adding garlic to your eating
plan is an excellent way to get rid of many health
problems.
Garlic is a natural (and highly effective) detoxifier:
Not only is garlic excellent at mopping up free radicals
and heavy metals in the blood. One study found that
lead in the body of men who worked in a battery
factory went down by 19% using garlic.
Garlic is great for your skin: The sulfuric compounds
in garlic are excellent against inflammatory conditions
of the skin such as psoriasis, eczema, and acne, 35-37.
ALOE VERA
Aloe Vera has a number of synonyms: (Aloe barbadenis
Mill, Aloe indica Royle,Aloe perfolista L. var, and Aloe
Vulharis Lam.). The species epithet vera means „‟true‟‟ or
„‟genuine‟. Aloe vera has been used for medicinal
purposes in several cultures for millennia: Greece, Egypt,
India, Mexico, Japan, and China and other part of the
world. The Egyptians used the Aloe vera to make papyrus
like scrolls as well as for the treatment of tuberculosis and
many other ailments.
The bioactive compound of Aloe vera are used as
astringent, haemostatic, antidiabetic, antiulcer, antiseptic,
antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and
anticancer agents, also very effective in treating stomach
ailments, gastrointestinal problems, skin diseases,
constipation, radiation injury, dysentery and diarrhoea as
well as wound and burn healings. Aloe leaves can be
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separated into two basic products: the latex, a bitter
yellow liquid beneath the epidermis of the leaf and the
gel, a colourless and tasteless substance in the inner part
of the leaf. Both of them have many biologically active
components, mainly anthraquinones and polysaccharides
(the most active is acemannan), which may act alone or in
synergy. Aloe Vera seems to treat a variety of conditions
because of it wounds healing, anti-inflammatory,
immunity, antidiabetic, antioxidant, laxative, antibacterial,
antifungal, antiviral, and antitumor effects.
The effect of Aloe vera L. in rat lungs after cigarette
smoke induction has shown the great negative effects of
smoking. The incident of smoking is one of the world's
health problems, as smoking increases the incidence of
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Aloe
vera L has anti-inflammatory, immunomodulator, and β-
sitosterol properties 38.
HEALTH BENEFITS OF ALOE VERA
Anti Cancer Effects of Aloe-vera: the role of Aloe vera
in carcinogenicity has not been evaluated well. The
chronic abuse of anthranoid containing laxatives has been
hyphotised to play a role in colorectal cancer, however, no
causal relationship between anthranoids laxative abuse
and colorectal cancer has been demonstrated 39, and
report on cancer prevention has shown that Aloe vera
juice enables the body to heal itself from cancer and also
from the damage of caused by radio and chemotherapy
that destroys healthy immune cells crucial for the
recovery 40.
Anti-inflammatory Action of Aloe-vera: The Aloe
sterol includes campesterol, β-sitosterol, lupeol, and
cholesterol which are anti-inflammatory in nature, helps
in reducing the inflammation pain and act as a natural
analgesic. Other aspirin like compound present in Aloe is
responsible for anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial
properties 41.
Antidiabetic Effects of Aloe-vera: The five
phytotesterols of Aloe vera, i.e; lophenol, 24-metthyl-
lophhenol, 24-ethyl-lophenol, cycloartanol and 24-
methyl-lenecycloartanol showed anti-diabetic effects in
type-2 diabetic mice 42.
Aloe-vera Effects on the Immune System: Alprogen
inhibit calcium influx into mast cells, thereby inhibiting
the antigen-antibody-mediated release of histamine and
leukotriene from mast cells 42, 43.
Antitumor Activity of Aloe-vera: A number of
glycoproteins present in Aloe vera gel have been reported
to have antitumor and antiulcer effects and increase
proliferation of normal human dermal cells. In recent
studies, a polysaccharide fraction has shown to inhibit the
binding of benzopyrene to primary rat hepatocytes,
thereby preventing the formation of potentially cancer-
initiating benzopyrene-DNA adducts. An induction of
glutathione S-transferase and an inhibition of the tumor
promoting effects of phorbol myristic acetate has also
been reported which suggest a possible benefit of using
aloe gel in cancer chemoprevention 44.
Laxative Effects of Aloe-vera: Anthraquinones present
in latex are a potent laxative; it is stimulating mucus
secretion, increase intestinal water content and intestinal
peristalsis, and Aloe latex is known for its laxatives
properties. The laxative effect of Aloe is not generally
observed before 6 hours after oral administration, and
sometimes not until 24 or more hours after 45.
Antiseptic Effects of Aloe-vera: The antiseptic property
of Aloe vera is due to presence of six antiseptic agents‟
namely-lupeol, salicylic acid, urea nitrogen, cinnamonic
acid, phenols and sulphur. These compounds have
inhibitory action on fungi, bacteria, and viruses. Although
most of these uses interesting controlled trials are
essential to determine its effectiveness in all diseases 46.
Stress Effects of Aloe-vera: Aloe juice is helpful in
smooth functioning of the body machinery 47. It reduces
cell-damaging process during stress condition and
minimizes biochemical and physiological changes in the
body, and Oxidative stress refers to chemical reactions in
which compounds have their oxidative state changed.
Some antioxidants are part of the body‟s natural
regulating machinery while other dietary antioxidants are
derived from diet sources. Aloe vera is an excellent
example of a functional food that plays a significant role
in protection from oxidatives stress 48.
Wound Healing Effects of Aloe-vera: Acemannan is the
main functional component of aloe vera, is composed of a
long chain of acetylated mannose. This complex
carbohydrate accelerate wound healing and reduces
radiation induced skin reactions 45, 49. Macrophage-
activating potential acemannan may stimulate the release
of fibrogenic cytokines 45. Direct binding of acemannan
to growth factors and their stabilization may lead to
promotion of prolong stimulation of granulation 49.
CARROT (Daucus carota L.)
Carrot (Daucus carato L.) is the family of most important
crop of Apiaceae family. It is a root vegetable that has
worldwide distribution. Carrots were first used for
medical purposes and gradually used as food. Written
records in Europe indicated that carrots were cultivated
prior to the tenth century. The colors of the carrots root
flesh may be white, yellow, orange, red, purple, or very
dark purple. The first cultivated carrots were yellow and
purple fleshed cultivars. Orange carrots, today more
popular, were developed in the 15th and 16th centuries in
central Europe. A rapid rise in the popularity of orange
carrots was observed with the recognition of its high
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provitamin „A‟ contents 50, 51. Carotenoids and
anthocyanins are the major antioxidant pigments found in
carrots. Cultivar differences in carrots rely in the type of
pigments present. Carotenoids are the yellow, orange, or
red colored phytochemicals found in most yellow and
orange fleshed cultivars. The widely used of orange carrot
is high in α-and β-carotene and is a rich source of
provitamin „A‟. Yellow carrot color is due to lutein which
plays an important role in prevention of macular
degeneration 51.
Carrot is a good source of dietary fiber and of the trace
mineral molybdenum, rarely found in many vegetables.
Molybdenum aids in metabolism of fats and
carbohydrates and important for absorption of iron. It is
also good source of magnesium and manganese.
Magnesium is needed for bone, protein, making new cells,
activating B vitamins, relaxing nerves and muscles,
clothing blood, and in energy production. Insulin secretion
and function also require magnesium. Manganese is
helpful in carbohydrate metabolism, in coordination with
enzymes in the body 51, 52.
HEALTH BENEFITS OF CARROT
Antioxidants, Anticarcinogen, and Immunoenhencer
Benefits of Carrot
Like many other colored vegetables carrot is a gold mine
of antioxidants. Carotenoids, polyphones and vitamins
present in carrot act as antioxidants, anticarcinogens, and
immunoenhencers. Carotenoids widely distributed in
orange carrots are potent antioxidants which can
neutralize the effect of free radicals. They have been
shown to have inhibition mutagenesis activity
contributing to decrease risk of some cancers 51, 52. Zhang
and Hamauzuet 51-55 reported that flavonoids and
phenolics derivates, present in carrot roots play also an
important role as antioxidants. They also exert
anticarcinogenic activities, reduce inflammatory insult,
and modulate immune response (51, 52).
The study suggests that the aliphatic C17-polyacetylenes
are the potential anti-cancer principles of carrots and that
the synergistic interaction between bioactive
polyacetylenes may be important for their bioactivity.
Other studies have reported that falcarinol exerts cytotoxic
activity of against several human tumor cell lines in vitro,
destroying pre-cancerous cells in the tumors 53, 54.
Besides cart loads of β-carotene and other carotenoids,
carrots contain vitamins such as vitamin C and K, thiamin
(B1), riboflavin (B2), pyridoxine (B6) and folates (B9),
necessary for metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins and
healthy growth 51, 52. Vitamin C promotes the absorption
of non-heme iron and is required for fighting infections
and vitamin K helps in preventing bleeding. Thiamin (B1)
has highly beneficial effects on our nervous system and
mental attitude; riboflavin is necessary for cell respiration,
and red blood cell formation; pyridoxine inhibits the
formation of homocysteine and reduces the risk of heart
diseases; and folates may also reduce the risk of heart
attack by lowering homocysteine levels. High level of
homocysteine has been found to be associated with an
increased risk of hardening of arteries due to the
accumulation of fatty plaques. It also protects against birth
defects in babies 51, 52.
Antidiabetic, Anti-Hypertensive Cholesterol and
Cardiovascular Diseases Lowering Benefits of Carrots
Nutritionals generally recommend eating carrots in
moderation because they contain more sugar than any
other vegetables. This recommendations was based on the
first journal articles ever published on the carrot glycemic
index (GI), in 1981, indicated that we quickly digest the
carbohydrates in carrots. That study showed the carrots
had GI of 92 (where glucose=100). A later study that got
much less attention showed the carrots had a GI of 39+ 7
and the carrot juice of 45+ 4 (Cale not pub). Recent
research demonstrates a significant association between
vitamin A rich carotenoids and diabetes status. According
to these investigators higher blood glucose levels, as well
as higher fasting levels of insulin, were observed in study
participants with lower level of carotenoids. Carotenoid
levels also decreased as the severity of glucose intolerance
increased. These findings suggest that carrot and vitamin
A rich carotenoids might help diabetics to manage their
condition 55.
Nicolle et al. 56, reported that carrot showed cholesterol
absorption mitigating effects in experimental carrot fed
rats. Regulation in bile acid secretion and antioxidant
status was also observed by these investigators. Moreover,
carrot consumption increased the vitamin E level in
plasma and increased the ferric reducing ability of plasma,
and the consumption of carrots also been associated with
lower risk of heart attacks in women 56.
Hepatoprotective and Renoprotective Benefits of
Carrot
Bishayee et al. 57, observed that carrot extract help to
protect liver from acute injury by the toxic effects of
environmental chemicals. In its study of carrot extract on
carbon tetrachloride (CC14) induced acute liver damage
in mouse was evaluated. The increase serum enzymes
levels by CC14-induction were significantly lowered due
to the pre-treatment with carrot extract. Seed extracts and
its essential oil have been reported in experimental studies
to have cardio- and hepato-protective, cognitive
dysfunction, cholesterol lowering, anti-bacterial,
antifungal, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and wound
healing benefits 58.
Skin Care Benefits of Carrots
Nicotine damages skin and carrots contains large amounts
of vitamins A, K, C, and B all these vitamins are proven
to efficiently remove nicotine in the body. Carrot juice is
also great when it comes to lung health, and protecting the
respiratory system from infections. It can help counter the
bad effects that are associated with smoking. Furthermore
carrot juice is rich of vitamins that can help greatly reduce
the risk of emphysema. Studies suggest eating a few
carrots per day could actually cut the rate of lung cancer
in half. Researchers believe this is due to the levels of
gamma-carotene, lycopene, lutein xanthophylls, and
alpha-carotene 57, 58.
MAIZE OR CORN (ZEA MAYS L.)
Maize or corn (Zea Mays L.) is the world‟s third leading
cereal crop, after wheat and rice. It is probably originated
from America, specifically Mexico. Maize belongs to
Saleh et al Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Development. 2019; 7(3): 22-30
ISSN: 2320-4850 [28] CODEN (USA): AJPRHS
family of poaceae and is a tall annual herb with extensive
fibrous root system. The word Zea mays derives from two
languages. Zea come from ancient Greek and is a generic
name for cereal and grains. Some scientists believe that
Zea stands for „‟sustaining life‟‟ while Mays comes from
the language Taino, meaning „‟life giver‟‟.
HEALTH BENEFITS OF MAIZE:
The composition of maize endows it with many health
benefits. The high fiber content of maize prevents
constipation and colorectal cancer. Antioxidants
neutralize the effects of harmful free radicals that cause
disease like cancer. The antioxidant beta cryptoxanthin
prevents lung cancer, while lutein prevents age related
vision loss. Antioxidants slow cognitive decline and
conditions like Alzheimer‟s. Vitamin C boosts immunity
and fights infection, while the presence of vitamin E gives
maize anti-aging properties. In the traditional system of
medicine, maize is found to be effective as an analgesic,
astringent, anti-allergic, anti-lithiasis, anti- hypertensive,
against skin rashes, anti-angina, anti-prostatitis, anti-
tumor, anti-dysentery, anti-diarrheal, against skin rashes,
against Biliousness, against sore throat, also use an a
emollient as well as urinary disorders including dysuria,
Cystitis, Urethritis, Nocturnal enuresis 59.
Anti-oxidant Activity of Maize
Corn silk was extracted to prepare five fractions viz.
ethanol extract, petroleum ether fraction, acetic ether
fraction, nbutanol fraction and water fraction. The
butanolic fraction exhibited the highest antioxidant and
free radical scavenging activity. The two flavone
glycosides isolated from butanolic fraction viz.,
isoorientin-2”-O-α-L-rhamnoside and 3”-methoxymaysin,
were also found to possess potent antioxidant moieties
(60, 61). Ethanolic extract of the Egyptian corn silk
reflected profound free radical scavenging activity, and
CS ethanol extract inhibited γ-radiation-induced damage
in liver, reduced the MDA content in a dose-dependent
manner and safeguarded the liver from GSH depletion 61.
Anti-inflammatory Activity of Maize
Corn silk ethanolic extract elicited significant TNF-α
antagonistic activity. The extract efficiently abolished the
TNF-α and LPS-induced adhesiveness of EAhy 926
endothelial cells to monocytic U937 cells. Corn silk
possesses important therapeutic potential for TNF-α and
LPS-mediated leukocyte adhesion and trafficking 62. CS
extract diminished cell migration, exudate formation,
oxidative stress, TNF-α, IL-1β, VEGF-α, and IL-17A and
blocked inflammation-related events (ICAM-1 and
iNOS), illustrating its anti-inflammatory effect 63.
Anti-fatigue Activity of Maize
Corn silk flavonoids raised swimming time in mice,
accompanying diminished levels of blood lactate, blood
urea nitrogen (BUN) and elevated hepatic glycogen
concentration. These results manifested anti-fatigue and
enhanced exercise tolerance property of corn silk 64.
Nephrotoxicity Reduction Activity of Maize
CS administration dose dependently prevented GM-
induced interstitial nephritis and reduced serum creatinine
level 65.
MATERIALS AND METHODOLOGY
Table 1: Ingredients of Extract
S.No
Ingredients
Quantities (250 ml)
1.
Ginger
20ml
2.
Garlic
15ml
3.
Dates Palm
35ml
4.
Carrot
25ml
5.
Corns
30ml
6
Aloe Vera
15ml
7.
Honey
25ml
8.
Water
85ml
Total
250ml
Saleh et al Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Development. 2019; 7(3): 22-30
ISSN: 2320-4850 [29] CODEN (USA): AJPRHS
METHOD OF PREPARATION
Wash all the ingredients thoroughly. Boil water, grate
the ginger, carrot & corns, and chop the garlic, date and
squeeze the Aloe vera; mix & blend them with blender,
add to the boiling water.
When it boils again, lower the heat and add the honey,
next simmer the mixture until it is completely mixed.
Finally, take the mixture off of the heat and strain it into
a jar or container.
Leave the remedy to cool & then bottle them.
USES: Take two tablespoon of this natural remedy 2times
in a day: one in the early morning on an empty stomach &
again after snack or dinner.
DISCUSSION
These seven wonderful natural recipes are considered to
be the most significant ancient herbs that have been used
as an herbal remedy for over 2500 years all over the
world. Although this research is first of its kind, because
there was no such research conducted by any researcher
who combined these seven wonderful natural recipes as a
therapeutic, however there were several similar earlier
studies on one or combination of either these recipes
which have shown a very remarkable and suitable
alternative remedy in various disease cure without any
side effects and hence urging for further pharmacological
investigation plus clarification of this formula to prove it.
CONCLUSION
This formula that extracted from well known 7 wonderful
natural herbs has a very significance role to soothe human
life in a myriad ways. Pharmacological and nutritional
studies have greatly shown the remarkable medicinal
properties of these herbs-such as anticancer, anti-oxidant,
anti-inflammatory, antibiotic, antifungal, antibacterial,
antiviral, antiseptic, disinfectant, immunomodulator,
detoxifier, etc. and therefore this formula (combined
extract juice) of Garlic, Ginger, Honey, Carrots, Aloe
Vera, Dates & Corn is an effective remedy of many
ailments, not only nicotine and tar cleanser. In this
lookout, natural recipes are healthy and good remedy in
the treatment/management of diseases that cause as result
of tobacco products based on assorted scientific research
findings and these natural herbs are affordable, accessible
and effective without any adverse side effects.
FUTURE PROSPECTIVE:
This juice extracts from seven wonderful natural recipes is
of paramount important with an immense medical
properties and health beneficial effects that treats cancer‟s
further complications, cleanse the nicotine & tar from
lungs that causes as a result of tobacco uses, boost
immune system, as well as serve as an antibiotic in the
remedy of many ailments. Many smokers want to quit
smoking but due maintenance of tobacco use results from
nicotine addiction make them difficult in quitting tobacco
abuses and therefore this herbal formula offers way to
remove that built-up Nicotine & Tar and will play a
tremendous roles on reducing high death rate as a result of
tobacco. Smokers and those who intended to quit smoking
as well as those who have already quit smoking should be
aware of the fact that their lungs are full of Nicotine &
Tar. Ideally, the best solution is to quit smoking and get
remedy from this formula because nicotine seriously
damages the lungs, and those dangerous effects are
irreversible.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The author is thankful to departments of Public Health
and of that Pharmacy, Career Point University, Kota for
providing facility and guidance to carry out this scientific
experiment and at the same time a special appreciations
goes to Yobe State Government, Nigeria for their
financial support.
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