‫سبلان، نماد تنوع زیستی و قله¬های بلند قفقاز جنوبی-ایران Sabalan a symbol of Biodiversity, high rangelands and peaks of South Caucasus-Iran

Abstract

Abstract
The study of ecological characteristics of Festuca sulcata Beck. was carried out with the aim of identifying and obtaining useful information for use in rangeland improvement programs. In the first, using vegetation map and field visit, based on the size and distribution of the species, five Sites were selected for sampling. In each site, three transects were 100 meters and along the transects, 10 plots of 1×1 were randomly selected. The factors related to canopy cover, bush height, species frequency forage and seed production were measured by transect and plat (systematic-randomized ) method. Also some qualitative characteristics such as root system, phenology, seed quality, regeneration, preference value and chemical composition of the plant were studied. The results showed that this species in the study area is found between 2200 to 3800 m a.s.l on soils clay- loam texture with an acidic to alkaline. From the beginning of May to the end of June, the time of growth and the July to mid-August is the time of ripened and seed dissemination. Its palatability was as high as grade I in early flowering, but the best grazing time is in seed ripened stage. In the post-seeding stage (at the stage of harden the plant) is less livestock's tendency to graze. forage production yield was 528.58 kg dry matter per hectare and seed production 95.33 kg per hectare. Due to the resistance of this species to cold and frost, this species is suitable for restoration and improvement of rangelands with more than 350 mm rainfall.

Full text

 
DOI: 10.22092/irn.2019.120092
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

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sharifnia.j@gmail.com
*Assistant Prof., Forests and Rangelands Research Division, Agriculture and Natural ResourcesRe-
search Center of Ardabil Province, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization,
AREEO, Ardabil, Iran E-mail: sharifnia.j@gmail.com
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           
 
Sabalan: a symbol of biodiversity and high peaks of
South Caucasus-Iran
J. Sharifi*
Abstract
Sabalan is the third highest peak in Iran and one of the high mountain ranges of the South Caucasus in Iran.
The Sabalan Mountain has three famous peaks, whose great peak is called the Savalan Sultan, located at
an altitude of 4811 meters above sea level. The other two peaks are the Heram and Kasra located on the
northern and southern sides of the main peak. The Sabalan peak is in the list of natural national treasures
of the country with the registration number 12 /19496. This ecosystem is rich in plant and animal species
due to its biodiversity, valleys and slopes. The presence of alpine, subalpine, and some endemic species
is a feature of the Sabalan ecosystem. High peaks over 4,000 meters above sea level with glaciers has
provided the grounds for the formation of meadows, unique landscapes and consequently, good conditions
for the range management, beekeeping, tourism and mountaineering. The nomadic community of Elsuvan
(Shahsuvan) is the only population in the area exploiting rangelands. Regarding the damages caused in
Sabalan due to overgrazing, climate change, exploitation of medicinal plants in natural habitats, development
of the road system in these mountains and tourism programs, the necessity of reviewing the environmental
management of the area and paying attention to the sustainable exploitation of the Sabalan ecosystem is
very important and a matter of necessity and urgency.
Keywords: Sabalan, biodiversity, subalpine rangelands, ELsuvan nomads
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












 
  
        


   





Erigeron caucasicus   
Tripleurospermum caucasicum
Potentilla gelida Festuca rubra
Ranunculus trichophyllus, Saxifraga sibirica,
Draba siliquosaDidymophysa aucheri










Sherman et al.,) 
(2007














 

.(Michelle et al., 2013) 



       

         
      
          
         
 . (Sharifi et al., 2014)    
(Colchicum raddeanum Regel. K. Perss.) 
(Colchicum caucasicum (M.Bieb.) Spreng)
   (Iris reticulata M. B) 
  (Ornithogalum montanum Boiss.)
 (Puschkinia hyacinthoides Baker.)
 (Muscari racemosum (L.) Lam. & DC.)
(Fritillaria zagrica Stapf)
(Veronica triphyllos L.)
 Gagea reticulata Schult.f

.(Sharifi et al., 2014 


           
  
       

(Carum caucasicum (M.Bieb.) Boiss.) 
(Asparagus verticillatus L.)
(Dianthus pachypetalus Stapf)
(Dictamnus albus L.)
(Echinops robustus Bunge) 
(Equisetum palustre L.)
(Glycyrrhiza glabra L.)
(Hypericum scabrum L.)
(Heliotropium suaveolens M. B.)
(Lotus corniculatus L.)
(Lamium album L. subsp. album) 
(Verbascum thapsus)
(Mentha aquatica L.)
(Nasturtium officinale R.Br) 
(Nepeta heliotropifolia Lam.)
(Pimpinella tragium Vill.)
(Prangos uloptera DC.)
(Stachys lavandulifolia Vahl.)
(Thymus kotschyanus Boiss. & Hohen)
(Nepeta menthoides Boiss. & Buhse) 

Rechinger, 2005
4/6
9/2
79/3
6/9
        Th
       Ge
            He
Ch


irannature.areeo.ac.ir 



 

Phlomis olivieri L
Phlomis tuberosa L

Thymus kotschyanus Boiss. & Hohen.

Salvia aethiopis L.

Nasturtium officinale R.Br

Achillea wilhelmsii C. Koch.

Hypericum perforatum L

Urtica dioica L

Achillea millefolium L.
 

irannature.areeo.ac.ir 


        
     
    
       
      
         
        

       





Festuca sulcata - Alopecurus textilis - Carex sp.
       







Astragalus rostratus C.A.Mey.
Astragalus savellanicus Podlech
Alopecurus aucheri L.
Alopecurus textilis Boiss.
Astragalus carduchorum Boiss. & Hausskn. ex Boiss.
Campanula gilliatii Milne-Redhead.
Didymophysa aucheri Boiss.
Erysimum caespitosum DC.
Koeleria eriostachya Panc.
Oxytropis aucheri Boiss.
Potentilla hololeuca Boiss.
Trifolium montanum L.


 

















       



  



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
   

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