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Number-plate based Road Space Rationing - A case of New Delhi
Abstract
Urbanisation and economic development have led to a higher rate of increase of private vehicles compared to the road supply, resulting in traffic congestion, air-pollution and increased parking demand. India is also experiencing an uneven distribution of private vehicles with a preponderance in Delhi. The paper analyses the basics of number plate based road space rationing, its need and case studies from around the world, explains the methodology of the study, describes various practical problems encountered on the basis of a questionnaire survey conducted for the study and examines the policy objectives. The paper also throws light on the various strategies to overcome congestion, air-pollution and compares Policy Phase I and II. The paper concludes by giving real-time solutions that can be applied in the case of Delhi.
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Current transportation policies in mega-cities worldwide lead to major threats to health through traffic injuries, air pollution, noise, reduction in physical activities, and adverse impact on urban quality of life. In addition, a large section of the population in cities in low-income countries has to live in informal-sector, substandard housing. Many transportation policies fail to take enough account of their impacts on poverty and social exclusion, and they neglect the access and transportation demands of the more economically disadvantaged groups of society, who rely mostly on public transportation, walking, and cycling. Delhi, the capital city of India, is an interesting case because failure to consider the broad spectrum of health effects that may result from transport and land-use policies and investments has resulted in decisions that penalize the least affluent groups of the population and make it more difficult for them to get to jobs, education, health care, amenities, and services.
This paper develops the model and methodology to estimate the marginal external cost of urban road transport, which is necessary for analysing optimal urban transport prices. Four major marginal external costs analysed in this paper include the marginal external costs for congestion, air pollution, road accidents and noise. The paper estimates the marginal external costs for cars and buses in peak and off-peak periods for Delhi urban agglomeration for the year 2005.
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