List of Priority Tree Species for the development of reference data for the identification of tree species and their geographic origin

Abstract

The Global Timber Tracking Network (GTTN) developed a tree species priority list in 2013 (Ekué, 2013). The list indicated a priority level (low-medium-high) for individual species to inform research and reference data collection for the identification of tree species and their geographic origin. The priority level denotes relative importance or urgency to develop reference data for the species.
Following the GTTN Working Group 3 meeting in December 2017, it was agreed to update the 2013 priority species list on the basis of the updated CITES Appendices and the IUCN Red List; statistics on infractions in wood trade; species for which reference data have been or is being developed since the first version of the list; and global trade or market importance of species.

!N.B! We will make the manuscript accessible as soon as we can add a DOI.

Full text

www.globaltimbertrackingnetwork.org
List of Priority
Tree Species
for the development of reference data for the
identification of tree species and their geographic
origin
August 13, 019

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List of Priority Tree Species
Table of contents
1 Background .............................................................................................................................. 4
2 Methodology ........................................................................................................................... 5
3 Overview of the updated priority tree species list .................................................... 9
4 Conclusions ............................................................................................................................ 19
References ....................................................................................................................................... 21
Annex 1 Priority tree species listed ................................................................................... 23
Annex 1.1 Global list of high priority tree species for the identification of
taxonomic identity and geographic origin. ___________________________________ 24
Annex 1.2 Global list of medium priority tree species for the identification
of taxonomic identity and geographic origin. ________________________________ 38
Annex 1.3 Global list of low priority tree species for the identification of
taxonomic identity and geographic origin. ___________________________________ 53

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List of Priority Tree Species
Acknowledgements
Updating the priority tree species list and preparing this report would not have been
possible without the generous help of several individuals and organizations. We would
like to extend our thanks to Bernd Degen, Céline Blanc-Jolivet and Hilke Schröder of
Thünen Institute, Kenneth Farr, Natural Resources Canada and co-chair of CITES Working
Group on wood identification, Essy Harnelly of Syiah Kuala University, James Hewitt,
Frederic Lens of Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Iskandar Z. Siregar of Bogor Agricultural
University (IPB), Jaroslaw Burczyk, Manuel Chavesta of Laboratorio de Anatomía e
Identificación de Maderas at Universidad Nacional Agraria la Molina, Michael Wiemann,
Peter Gasson of Kew Royal Botanic Gardens, Andrew Lowe of the University of Adelaide,
and Germain Yene Yene. Our thanks further go to Double Helix Tracking Technologies
Pte Ltd, INIA-CIFOR, the International Tropical Timber Organization, and the World
Resources Institute. Furthermore, we are grateful for all the feedback provided by the
questionnaire survey respondents and the participants at the GTTN Regional Workshops
in Africa (Yaoundé, June 2018), Latin America (Lima, November 2018) and Asia (Beijing,
May 2019) where the species prioritization was open for review, discussion and
amendment.
Disclaimer
This document is an output from GTTN phase 2, which is coordinated by the European
Forest Institute (EFI) with scientific support provided by Thünen Institute. GTTN phase 2
is funded by the German Federal Ministry for Food and Agriculture (BMEL). The
information expressed in this document are the views of the authors and do not
necessarily represent those of the donor or of the European Forest Institute.
Recommended citation
Cramm, M., Van Brusselen, J. (2019). List of priority tree species for the development of
reference data for determination of tree species and their geographic origin. Update of
the GTTN priority tree species list of 2013. Global Timber Tracking Network, European
Forest Institute, Joensuu, Finland.
DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.10132.04483

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List of Priority Tree Species
1 Background
The international timber trade is a significant business. The annual average value
of international trade of primary and secondary wood products including
roundwood, sawnwood/lumber and pulp and paper products alone (i.e.
excluding furniture) amounted to USD 360 billion during 2012-2014 (Gan et al.,
2016). However, the harvesting and trade in many species is illegal and/or
unsustainable and should therefore be better controlled. Novel wood
identification tools, such as wood DNA, wood chemistry and automated wood
anatomy analysis, can aid in strengthening such control, as they can provide
irrevocable proof of the taxonomic identity and geographic origin of wood.
Yet, an important aspect limiting the application of novel wood identification
tools is the lack of reference data for their use (Dormontt et al., 2015; Lowe et
al., 2016). Hence, it is necessary to develop reference data for tree species.
However, according to one assessment, there are as much as 1,575 commercial
tree species in international trade (Mark et al., 2014). Therefore, there is a need
to identify priority species for the development of reference data. Such a list of
priority species could also help identify data gaps and guide new research.
The Global Timber Tracking Network (GTTN) developed a tree species priority
list in 2013 (Ekué, 2013). The list indicated a priority level (low-medium-high) for
individual species to inform research and reference data collection for the
identification of tree species and their geographic origin. The priority level
denotes relative importance or urgency to develop reference data for the
species.
Following the GTTN Working Group 3 meeting in December 2017, it was agreed
to update the 2013 priority species list on the basis of the updated CITES
Appendices and the IUCN Red List; statistics on infractions in wood trade;
species for which reference data have been or is being developed since the first
version of the list; and global trade or market importance of species.

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List of Priority Tree Species
2 Methodology
As the objective with the update was not to create a new list from scratch, the
first (2013) version of the list was used as a basis for the update. In addition,
results of two partial updates from 2014 and 2018 by Thünen Institute were
integrated in the updated tree species priority list.
The steps forming the update process are shown in Figure 1.
Figure 1. Main steps followed to update the priority tree species list.
Further details considered under each step are provided below.
1. Integrating the original tree species priority list from 2013 with the
partial updates done to the list by Thünen Institute in 2014 and 2018
• The 2014 and 2018 updates by Thünen Institute include species that
are found in the original 2013 list as well as species that are not found
in the 2013 list. All species from the original 2013 list and from the
2014 & 2018 Thünen updates were integrated in one master list.
• The updates by Thünen included information on the state of
development of reference data.
1
•Integrating the original tree species priority list from 2013 with the partial updates done to
the list by Thünen Institute in 2014 and 2018
2•Updating tree species protection status under CITES and IUCN Red List
3•Assessing global trade importance of tree species
4•Integrating results of previous steps to prepare a draft priority tree species list
5
•Developing and disseminating an online questionnaire survey to collect feedback on the draft
list
6
•Cooperating with Interpol to disseminate a questionnaire to collect data on infractions in
wood harvesting and trade
7•Integrating the feedback from the various consultations into the master list of species

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2. Updating tree species protection status under CITES and IUCN Red
List
• The up-to-date CITES appendices were available online. The latest
update was from October 2017. CITES listed species that had been
added on a CITES appendix after the preparation of the original GTTN
tree species priority list (i.e. after 2013) were also included in the new
master list.
• Up-to-date IUCN Red List information was available in an online
database hosted by IUCN.
3. Assessing global trade importance of tree species
• The trade importance was assessed based on the Harmonized System
(HS) of customs classification. HS provides a list of tree species that
are defined as “Tropical Wood”. These species form a majority of
global wood trade and therefore function as a reasonable proxy for
identifying the key tropical tree species traded globally.
• Additionally, CITES 24th meeting of the Plants Committee documents
were used to identify frequently trades species (both CITES and non-
CITES).
4. Integrating results of previous steps to prepare a draft priority tree
species list
• The results from steps 1-3 were integrated in one database. Also,
species that had been added to a CITES appendix after the creation of
the 2013 GTTN tree species priority list were included in the database.
• The resulting database was considered as a draft updated tree species
priority list and it functioned as a basis for developing the online
questionnaire survey.
5. Developing and disseminating an online questionnaire survey to
collect feedback on the draft list
• The survey was designed in English, French and Spanish. It was
prepared as an Excel file and disseminated via email.
• The survey was sent to:
o GTTN network
o Cameroon regional workshop (June 2018) participants
o Lima regional workshop (November 2018) participants

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o Interpol’s country focal points
• 17 respondents completed the questionnaire. Information on the
respondents’ organizational distribution is given in Figure 2.
• The questionnaire collected data on:
o Current priority levels as indicated by the respondent
o Key reasons for the indicated priority levels
o State of reference data development for the species.
o The questionnaire also had space for species-specific open
comments, which provided qualitative data for the updating of
priority levels.
• The questionnaire had separate tables for i) Africa, ii) Central- and
South-America, iii) Asia, Pacific & Oceania, iv) Europe and v) North-
America.
Figure 2. Species prioritization questionnaire respondents' organizational distribution.
6. Cooperating with Interpol to disseminate a questionnaire to collect
data on infractions in wood harvesting and trade
• A questionnaire was developed in Word to i) collect data on
quantities of wood or wood products that were seized by customs or
law enforcement authorities, and on illegally logged forest areas, and
ii) provide a capacity and training needs assessment.
• The questionnaire was designed in English and Spanish.
• Interpol assumed responsibility for the dissemination of the
questionnaire to its country focal points.
Civil society
organization; 1
Other governmental
organization; 4
International
organization; 1
Private sector: wood
harvesting/processin
g; 1
Research &
Academia; 6
Other; 1
Not defined; 3

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List of Priority Tree Species
• In total, seven completed questionnaires were received.
7. Integrating the feedback from the various consultations into the
master list of species
• The data collected with the species prioritization questionnaire was
integrated into the master list.
• Due to deficiencies in the quantity and quality of feedbacks collected
with the questionnaire on infractions in wood harvesting and trade,
this data was only partially integrated in the master list; namely, a few
species were added based on the amount of infractions associated
with them.
• The list got further updates based on feedback collected at the
regional workshops in Lima and Beijing.
• Two additional species were added to the master list based on official
proposals to include them in CITES Appendix II.

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List of Priority Tree Species
3 Overview of the updated priority tree species list
The complete, updated list of priority tree species is provided in Annex 1.
Figure 3 presents the priority level change of the species listed in the 2013 list.
Most changes (25 in total) took place in Central- and South-America and the
least (five in total) in Asia, Pacific & Oceania. The main factor contributing to the
lowering of priority levels was the advances in the state of development of
reference data for those species. The key reasons for increasing the priority
levels were, alone or in combination, growing trade importance, poor state of
the reference data and increased protection status. For the species for which the
priority level remained the same, little had changed since the preparation of the
original priority list in 2013, and the various consultations indicated that the
priority levels should stay as they were before.
Figure 3. Priority level change of the species listed in the 2013 list. Note: the figure does not include species
that are new compared to the 2013 list.
An overview of the priority level of the species that are new compared to the
2013 list is given in Figure 4. Most of these species have a low priority level,
followed by medium and high priority levels, respectively. The newly added
species also include Europe and North-America specific additions – these
geographies in themselves are new compared to the 2013 list. The major
reasons for adding new species to the priority list, regardless of the geography,
1 1
33814
26
67
32
125
5
2
16
23
Africa Asia, Pacific & Oceania Central- and South-
America
All regions
Removed from list Lower Same Higher

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List of Priority Tree Species
were the trade importance and various legality issues in the harvesting and
trade of those species, combined with the lacking state of reference data
development.
Figure 4. New genera/species listed compared to the 2013 list.
Figure 5 provides an overview of the geographic distribution of all the species
included in the updated priority list. The total number of species is 304. Around
a third of the species are located in Central- and South-America and another
third in Asia, Pacific & Oceania. About a sixth of the species are in Africa and the
rest are in Europe and North-America.
5
21
35
16 9
86
6
8
17
4
4
39
8
7
5
20
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
Africa Asia, Pacific &
Oceania
Central- and
South-America
Europe North-America All regions
Low Medium High

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List of Priority Tree Species
Figure 5. Geographic distribution of the genera/species listed (n=307).
The priority levels of all the species included in the updated list are presented in
Figure 6. Globally, most species have a low priority, followed by medium and
high priority levels, respectively. Central- and South-America, Europe and North-
America follow the same trend, although Europe and North-America do not
have any high priority species. In Africa and Asia, Pacific & Oceania the situation
is the opposite with the most species having a high priority level, followed by
medium and low priority levels, respectively.
Africa; 53
Asia, Pacific & Oceania; 108
Central-and South-America; 113
Europe; 20
North-America; 13
Africa Asia, Pacific & Oceania Central- and South-America Europe North-America

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List of Priority Tree Species
Figure 6. Priority level of the genera/species listed.
Figure 7 provides priority level reasons for the species listed as a total of the
selections of reasons. Figure 8 presents the same information relative to the
total number of selections of reasons. Globally, the dominating reasons for all
priority levels were the trade importance and protection status of species. In
Europe and North-America, the main reasons were consistently trade
importance and frequent falsification of species/origin. In Africa and Central-
and South-America, frequent falsification of species/origin played a marginal
role compared to the other reasons. On the other hand, in Asia, Pacific &
Oceania, frequent falsification of species/origin was a significant reason for low
priority species. Legality risk (whether in logging or in trade) contributed also
considerably to most priority levels, except for in Europe and North-America.
11
27
54
16
9
117
14
34
42
4 4
98
28
47
17
92
Africa Asia, Pacific &
Oceania
Central- and
South-America
Europe North-America All regions
Low Medium High

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Figure 7. Priority level reasons for genera/species listed as a total of the selections of reasons. Note: species can be linked with multiple reasons.
020 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
High
Medium
Low
High
Medium
Low
High
Medium
Low
High
Medium
Low
High
Medium
Low
High
Medium
Low
All regions Africa
Asia, Pacific
& Oceania
Central- and
South-
America Europe
North-
America
Protection status Legality risk (logging) Legality risk (trade) Species/origin often falsified Trade importance

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List of Priority Tree Species
Figure 8. Priority level reasons for genera/species listed relative to the total number of selections of reasons. Note: species can be linked with multiple reasons.
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
High
Medium
Low
High
Medium
Low
High
Medium
Low
High
Medium
Low
High
Medium
Low
High
Medium
Low
All regions Africa
Asia, Pacific &
Oceania
Central- and
South-
America Europe
North-
America
Protection status Legality risk (logging) Legality risk (trade) Species/origin often falsified Trade importance

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An overview of the protection status of the species listed is shown in Figure 9. A
minority of the species is not covered by either CITES or the IUCN Red List,
owing to the global conservation importance of most of the species listed.
Figure 9. Protection status of the species listed. Note: some species are covered by both CITES and IUCN
Red List and are thus included in both those figures.
Figure 10 displays the state of reference data development for the species listed.
The figure is indicative based on the data collected and it does not necessarily
fully represent the reality. For almost half of the species listed globally, no
reference data for genetic, mass spectrometry, isotopes or automated wood
anatomy analysis exists nor is its development underway. Of the different
method types, reference data for wood genetic analysis is most readily available
or under development for all priority levels globally.
823 34
65
35
67 59
19 7
187
15
33 44
16
99
Africa Asia, Pacific &
Oceania
Central- and
South-America
Europe North-America All regions
CITES IUCN Red List Non CITES/IUCN Red List covered species

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Figure 10. Species listed for which (some) reference data exists or its development is underway. Note: species may have reference data for multiple methods. * Referring to
genetic, mass spectrometry, isotopes and automated wood anatomy data.
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
Low Medium High Low Medium High Low Medium High Low Medium High Low Medium High Low Medium High
Africa Asia, Pacific & Oceania Central- and South-America Europe North-America All regions
Genetic Mass spectrometry Isotopes Automated wood anatomy No reference data exists nor is its development underway*

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Figure 11, Figure 12 and Figure 13 show the percentage of CITES Appendix I, II
and III listed species, respectively, for which (some) reference data exists or its
development is underway. The figures only refer to those CITES listed species
that are included in the priority tree species list. For the majority of Appendix I
and III listed species, (some) reference data does exist or its development is
underway. For around half of the Appendix II listed species in Asia, Pacific &
Oceania and Central- and South-America, no reference data exists nor is its
development underway.
Figure 11. Percentage of CITES Appendix I listed species for which (some) reference data exists or its
development is underway. Note: the figure only refers to CITES Appendix I listed species included in the
priority tree species list.
80%
20%
Central-and South-America
(Some) reference data exists or its
development is underway
No reference data exists nor is its
development underway

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List of Priority Tree Species
Figure 12. Percentage of CITES Appendix II listed species for which (some) reference data exists or its
development is underway. Note: the figure only refers to CITES Appendix II listed species included in the
priority tree species list.
Figure 13. Percentage of CITES Appendix III listed species for which (some) reference data exists or its
development is underway. Note: the figure only refers to CITES Appendix III listed species included in the
priority tree species list.
75%
25%
Africa
44%
56%
Asia, Pacific & Oceania
54%
46%
Central-and South-America
(Some) reference data exists or its development is underway
No reference data exists nor is its development underway
80%
20%
Asia, Pacific & Oceania
67%
33%
Central-and South-America
(Some) reference data exists or its development is underway
No reference data exists nor is its development underway

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List of Priority Tree Species
4 Conclusions
From the updated tree species priority list, three key conclusions can be made.
First, the context around tree species and reference data collection for them is a
very dynamic one. As reference data gets developed, keeping an overview of
this is important to avoid duplication of efforts. At the same time, new species
emerge or increase in commercial importance, including lesser known species,
and others become more threatened. This constantly changing context calls for
regular updates for prioritizing reference data collection. Second, for most
species, reference data still does not exist or is too incomplete to be effectively
utilized, thus limiting the possibilities to independently and irrevocably verify
species’ taxonomic identify and geographic origin. This is also true for many
species present in the original, 2013 list, as their priority level did not change in
the update, demonstrating little progress in terms of developing reference
data. Third, for the species that do have reference data, the data mostly exists
only for one method or is still too incomplete for a particular method to be of
real use. This can make the existing reference data insufficient for verifying the
taxonomic identity and geographic origin of species. However, a priority also
needs to be sought ad hoc between deepening methods capacity for such
species on one hand, and for developing reference data from scratch for those
species that lack it completely (beyond traditional wood anatomy) on the other
hand. Timber identification can be a real challenge when customs come across
containers with very heterogeneous mixes of logs that can be of any species. For
example, in Africa, this has become a bigger issue over the past decade. Thus,
there is strong need scale up efforts to collect reference data for innovative
wood identification tools.
A number of important challenges remain for species identification as well as for
reference data collection and efforts to prioritize it effectively. For example, in
Africa it is reported that growing issues are lookalike species that are difficult to
distinguish and the lacking capability to differentiate wild from plantation
specimens. Another challenge is that not all countries specify the botanical
species name in their seizures databases, which makes it difficult to get a grip of
species that are at an especially high risk of being smuggled. An added difficulty
as identified in Africa is that it can occur that species traded under one common
(commercial) name have a different protection status.

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List of Priority Tree Species
For potentials and future work, it was noted in the African regional workshop
that some species may be traded only regionally. For effective protection, it
therefore remains important to observe what is happening on domestic markets
and have a better understanding of those trade flows. It was also noted that
some species may have specific cultural appreciation, which can create hugely
different market valuation, which in turn may cause cross‐border smuggling.
Developing a better understanding of this is also important. Furthermore, an
important area of work is to expand reference data collections and innovative
ways could be sought to scale up the collection of reference data. For instance,
one possibility to be explored would be the integration of reference data
collection in tree inventory processes, which form standard management
practices under the principles of sustainable forest management (Lowe et al.,
2016). Finally, it will be important to increasingly employ the existing, innovative
wood identification tools to showcase their potential. This could naturally
develop further demand for them and create incentives for and drive reference
data collection.

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List of Priority Tree Species
References
Blanc-Jolivet, C., Schröder, H., Degen, B. (2018). List of tree species and reference
data. Institute of Forest Genetics, Thünen Institute. (personal
communication)
Dormontt, E.E., Boner, M., Braun, B., Breulmann, G., Degen, B., Espinoza, E.,
Gardner, S., Guillery, P., Hermanson, J.C., Koch, G., Lee, S.L., Kanashiro, M.,
Rimbawanto, A., Thomas, D., Wiedenhoeft, A.C., Yin, Y., Zahnen, J., Lowe,
A.J., 2015. Forensic timber identification: It’s time to integrate disciplines to
combat illegal logging. Biol. Conserv. 191, 790–798.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2015.06.038
Ekué, M.R.M., 2013. List of priority species - Identification of timber species and
geographic origin. https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat37382013
Farr, K. (2018). Annotated list of CITES-listed tree species. Natural Resources
Canada, Forest Service. (personal communciation)
Gan, J., Cerutti, P.O., Masiero, M., Pettenella, D., Andrighetto, N., Dawson, T.,
2016. Quantifying illegal logging and related timber trade, in: Kleinschmit,
D., Mansourian, S., Wildburger, C., Purret, A. (Eds.), Illegal Logging and
Related Timber Trade – Dimensions, Drivers, Impacts and Responses. A
Global Scientific Rapid Response Assessment Report. IUFRO, Vienna,
Austria, pp. 37–59.
IUCN, 2019. IUCN Red List of Endangered Species. URL last accessed on
20190813. https://www.iucnredlist.org
Lowe, A.J., Dormontt, E.E., Bowie, M.J., Degen, B., Gardner, S., Thomas, D., Clarke,
C., Rimbawanto, A., Wiedenhoeft, A., Yin, Y., Sasaki, N., 2016. Opportunities
for improved transparency in the timber trade through scientific
verification. Bioscience 66, 990–998. https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biw129
Mark, J., Newton, A.C., Oldfield, S., Rivers, M., 2014. The international timber
trade: a working list of commercial timber tree species. London, UK.
Species2000, 2019. The Catalogue of Life. URL last accessed on 20190813.
www.catalogueoflife.org

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Annex

www.globaltimbertrackingnetwork.org
Annex 1 Priority tree species listed
Annex 1.1, Annex 1.2 and Annex 1.3 present the global lists of high, medium and low priority level tree species, respectively. The
priority level denotes relative importance or urgency to develop reference data for the species. Note that some species may occur
multiple times if e.g. protection status differs between countries.
The following considerations pertain to the column headers:
• Botanical species name: The abbreviation
spp.
denotes all species in a genus.
• Pilot/trade name: The pilot names include those that are referenced in the Nomenclature Générale des Boix Tropicaux published
by the Association Technique Internationale des Boix Tropicaux (ATIBT) in 2016. In some cases, the pilot name is accompanied by a
second, frequently used trade name (separated by a slash).
• (Some) reference data exists or its development is underway: g= genetic data; m = mass spectrometry; i = isotopes; a =
automated wood anatomy.
• Important trade species: The species is important in the global trade in wood.
• Priority reasons: p = protection status; ll = legality risk (logging); lt = legality risk (trade); s = species/origin often falsified; t =
trade importance.
• CITES Appendix: The CITES Appendix number is shown (I - threatened with extinction, affected by trade; II – may become
threatened with extinction unless trade is subjected to strict regulation; or III - species listed after one member country asked
other CITES Parties for assistance in controlling trade in a species). In cases when the listing is specific to a country or countries,
these are indicated in brackets.
• IUCN Red List category: NE = not evaluated; DD = data deficient; LC = least concern; NT = near threatened; VU = vulnerable; EN
= endangered; CR = critically endangered.
• Natural distribution area: The natural distribution area refers to countries/sub-regions. The country names are indicated using
ISO alpha-3 codes (refer to: https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#search). Where applicable, the countries/sub-regions are obtained from
the IUCN Red list (https://www.iucnredlist.org/search) or the Catalogue of Life (http://www.catalogueoflife.org/col/search/all).
Where a country is followed by “(I)”, the species has been introduced there.

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List of Priority Tree Species
Annex 1.1 Global list of high priority tree species for the identification of taxonomic identity and geographic
origin.
N
Botanical species name
Pilot/trade name
(Some)
reference data
exists or its
development
is underway
Important
trade
species
Priority
reasons
CITES
Appendix
IUCN red
list
category
Natural distribution
area
Africa
1
Afzelia africana
Doussié/Afzelia
g, m
x
lt, t
VU
BEN; BFA; CMR; CAF;
TCD; COG; COD; CIV;
GHA; GIN; GNB; MLI;
NER; NGA; SEN; SLE;
SSD; SDN; TGO; UGA
2
Afzelia bipindensis
Doussié/Afzelia
g, m
x
lt, t
VU
AGO; CMR; CAF; COG;
COD; GAB; NGA; UGA
3
Aucoumea klaineana
Okoumé/Gaboon
g
lt, t
VU
CMR; COG; GNQ; GAB
4
Ceiba pentandra
Fuma/Fromager
g, a
x
lt, t
LC
AGO; BEN; BDI; CMR;
COD; CIV; GAB; GHA;
GNB; MWI; MLI; MOZ;
NGA; RWA; SEN; SLE;
SSD; SDN; TZA; TGO;
UGA; ZMB
5
Dalbergia spp.
Madagascar rosewood
g, i
p
II
(Madagascar)
44
species
from LC
to CR
MDG
6
Dalbergia spp.
Rosewood
p
II
12
species
AGO; BEN; BWA; BFA;
CMR; CAF; TCD; COG;

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List of Priority Tree Species
N
Botanical species name
Pilot/trade name
(Some)
reference data
exists or its
development
is underway
Important
trade
species
Priority
reasons
CITES
Appendix
IUCN red
list
category
Natural distribution
area
from DD
to EN
COD; CIV; GNQ; ETH;
GAB; GHA; GIN; KEN;
LBR; MWI; MLI; MOZ;
NAM; NGA; SEN; SOM;
ZAF; SSD; SDN; TZA;
UGA; ZMB; ZWE
7
Diospyros spp.
Ebony
g, i
p
II
(Madagascar)
6 species
from LC
to EN
MDG
8
Entandrophragma utile
Sipo/Utile
g, m
x
p, s, t
VU
AGO; CMR; COG; COD;
CIV; GAB; GHA; LBR;
NGA; SLE; UGA
9
Erythrophleum ivorense,
Erythrophleum
suaveolens
Tali/Missanda
m
x
lt, t
10
Guarea thompsonii, syn.:
Leplaea thompsonii
Black Guarea/Bossé foncé
x
lt
VU
CMR; COG; COD; CIV;
GAB; GHA; LBR; NGA
11
Guibourtia demeusei
Bubinga
m
x
p, ll, t
II
12
Guibourtia pellegriniana
Bubinga
x
p, ll, t
II
13
Guibourtia tessmannii
Bubinga
m
x
p, ll, t
II
14
Khaya anthotheca syn.:
Khaya nyasica
African mahogany/Acajou
d'Afrique
g, m
x
lt, s, t
VU
AGO; CMR; COG; COD;
CIV; GHA; LBR; MWI;
MOZ; NGA; SLE; TZA;
UGA; ZMB; ZWE

26
List of Priority Tree Species
N
Botanical species name
Pilot/trade name
(Some)
reference data
exists or its
development
is underway
Important
trade
species
Priority
reasons
CITES
Appendix
IUCN red
list
category
Natural distribution
area
15
Khaya grandifoliola
African mahogany/Acajou
d'Afrique
g
x
lt, t
VU
BEN; COD; CIV; GHA;
GIN; NGA; SSD; SDN;
TGO; UGA
16
Khaya ivorensis
African mahogany/Acajou
d'Afrique
g, m, a
x
lt, s, t
VU
AGO; CMR; CIV; GAB;
GHA; LBR; NGA
17
Khaya madagascariensis
African mahogany
g
x
ll, t
MDG
18
Khaya senegalensis
Acajou Cailcédrat
g
x
ll, lt, t
VU
BEN; BFA; CMR; CAF;
TCD; CIV; GAB; GMB;
GHA; GIN; GNB; MLI;
NER; NGA; SEN; SLE;
SSD; SDN; TGO; UGA
19
Milicia regia
Iroko
g
x
lt, t
VU
BEN; CMR; CIV; GMB;
GHA; GIN; GNB; LBR;
SEN
20
Millettia laurentii
Wengé
g, m
lt, t
EN
CMR; COG; COD; GNQ;
GAB
21
Nauclea diderrichii
Bilinga/Opepe
g, m
t
VU
AGO; CMR; CAF; COG;
COD; CIV; GAB; GHA;
LBR; NGA; SLE; UGA
22
Pericopsis elata
Afrormosia
g, m
x
p, t
II
EN
CMR; COG; COD; CIV;
GHA; NGA
23
Piptadeniastrum
africanum
Dabéma/Dahoma
m
x
t
24
Pterocarpus erinaceus
Vêne
m
x
p
II
EN
BEN; BFA; CMR; CAF;
CIV; GAB; GMB; GHA;

27
List of Priority Tree Species
N
Botanical species name
Pilot/trade name
(Some)
reference data
exists or its
development
is underway
Important
trade
species
Priority
reasons
CITES
Appendix
IUCN red
list
category
Natural distribution
area
GIN; GNB; MLI; NER;
NGA; SEN; SLE; TGO
25
Pterocarpus soyauxii,
syn.: Pterocarpus
tinctorius
African padauk/Padouk
d'Afrique
g, m
x
lt, t
26
Terminalia ivorensis
Framiré/Idigbo
x
t
VU
CMR; CIV; GHA; GIN;
LBR; NGA; SLE
27
Terminalia superba
Limba/Afara
g, m
x
lt, t
GIN; SLE; CIV; GHA;
TGO; BEN; NGA; CMR;
CAF; GNQ; GAB; COG;
COD; AGO
28
Widdringtonia whytei
Mulanje cedar
CR
MWI
Asia, Pacific & Oceania
29
Senegalia catechu
(former: Acacia catechu)
Khair
BGD; BTN; CHN; IND;
IDN; MUS; MMR; NPL;
PAK; PHL; THA; VNM
30
Acacia mangium
Acacia mangium
AUS; BGD; BRN; CHN;
IND; IDN; PNG; PHL;
SGP; VNM
31
Afzelia xylocarpa
Afzelia xylay
g, m
EN
KHM; LAO; MMR; THA;
VNM
32
Agathis borneensis
Agathis
p
EN
Borneo
33
Agathis spp.
Adiangu
t
16
species
AUS; FJI; NCL; PNG;
SLB; VUT; BRN; IDN;
MYS; PHL

28
List of Priority Tree Species
N
Botanical species name
Pilot/trade name
(Some)
reference data
exists or its
development
is underway
Important
trade
species
Priority
reasons
CITES
Appendix
IUCN red
list
category
Natural distribution
area
from LC
to CR
34
Anisoptera costata
Mersawa
p, ll, t
EN
KHM; IDN; LAO; MYS;
MMR; PHL; SGP; THA;
VNM
35
Aquilaria malaccensis
Agarwood
m
p, ll, t
II
CR
BGD; BTN; IND (Assam,
Manipur, Meghalaya,
Tripura); IDN
(Kalimantan, Sumatra);
IRN; MYS (Peninsular);
MMR; PHL; SGP; THA
36
Aquilaria spp.
Agarwood
p, t
II
20
species
from DD
to CR
CHN; PNG; BGD; BTN;
BRN; KHM; IND; IDN;
LAO; MYS; MMR; PHL;
SGP; THA; VNM
37
Chukrasia tabularis
m
38
Dalbergia
cochinchinensis
Thai rosewood
m
p
II
VU
KHM; LAO; THA; VNM
39
Dalbergia latifolia
Rosewood, Sonokeling
g, m
t
II
VU
IND (Andhra Pradesh,
Karnataka, Sikkim,
Tamil Nadu, Uttar
Pradesh); IDN (Jawa);
NPL
40
Dalbergia oliveri
Rosewood, Tamalan
m
p
II
EN
MMR; THA; VNM

29
List of Priority Tree Species
N
Botanical species name
Pilot/trade name
(Some)
reference data
exists or its
development
is underway
Important
trade
species
Priority
reasons
CITES
Appendix
IUCN red
list
category
Natural distribution
area
41
Dalbergia spp.
Rosewood
p
II
22
species
from DD
to EN
CHN; BGD; BTN; BRN;
KHM; IND; IDN; LAO;
MYS; MMR; NPL; SGP;
THA; VNM
42
Diospyros spp.
Ebony
p
72
species
from DD
to CR
CHN; AUS; NCL; PNG;
SLB; KHM; IND; IDN;
LAO; MYS; PHL; SGP;
LKA; THA; VNM; IRN;
UZB
43
Dipterocarpus costatus
t
VU
BGD; KHM; IND
(Tripura); LAO; MYS
(Peninsular); MMR;
THA; VNM
44
Dipterocarpus littoralis
CR
IDN (Jawa)
45
Dipterocarpus
macrocarpus
CHN (Yunnan); IND;
IDN; LAO; MYS; MMR;
THA; VNM
46
Dipterocarpus spp.
Keruing
g
x
p, t
50
species
from LC
to CR
CHN; BGD; BRN; KHM;
IND; IDN; LAO; MYS;
MMR; PHL; SGP; LKA;
THA; VNM
47
Dryobalanops spp.
Kapur
x
p, ll, t
6 species
from LC
to CR
BRN; IDN; MYS
48
Dyera costulata
Jelutong
x
t
LC
IDN, MYS, SGP, THA

30
List of Priority Tree Species
N
Botanical species name
Pilot/trade name
(Some)
reference data
exists or its
development
is underway
Important
trade
species
Priority
reasons
CITES
Appendix
IUCN red
list
category
Natural distribution
area
49
Dyera polyphylla
Jelutong
x
t
VU
IDN
50
Eusideroxylon zwageri
Billian
g
t
VU
BRN; IDN (Jawa,
Kalimantan, Sumatra);
MYS (Sabah, Sarawak);
PHL
51
Gonystylus spp.
Ramin
g
x
p
II
19
species
from LC
to CR
PNG; SLB; BRN; IND;
IDN; MYS; PHL; SGP;
TLS
52
Gyrinops spp.
Agarwood
p, t
II
53
Lagerstroemia spp.
Banglang
5 species
from LC
to EN
CHN; JPN; BGD; BTN;
KHM; IND; IDN; LAO;
MYS; MMR; NPL; PHL;
SGP; THA; VNM; PAK
54
Palaquium spp.
Nyatoh
p
39
species
from DD
to CR
FJI; PNG; VUT; BRN;
KHM; IND; IDN; MYS;
MMR; PHL; SGP; LKA;
THA; VNM
55
Parashorea lucida
Gerutu
g
p, ll, t
CR
IDN (Kalimantan,
Sumatra); MYS
(Sarawak)
56
Phyllostachys edulis
Moso bamboo
t
BRA (Wouth,
Southeast, West-
Central), CHN (North-
Central, South-Central,

31
List of Priority Tree Species
N
Botanical species name
Pilot/trade name
(Some)
reference data
exists or its
development
is underway
Important
trade
species
Priority
reasons
CITES
Appendix
IUCN red
list
category
Natural distribution
area
Southeast), GEO, JPN,
KOR, PRK, PHL, TWN,
USA (South Carolina),
VNM
57
Pinus roxburghii
Pine
x
LC
BTN; CHN (Tibet [or
Xizang]); IND (Assam,
Himachal Pradesh,
Jammu-Kashmir,
Sikkim, Uttar Pradesh);
NPL; PAK
58
Pterocarpus santalinus
Red Sandalwood
g, m
p
II
NT
IND
59
Santalum album
Sandalwood
t
VU
CHN; IND (Karnataka,
Tamil Nadu); IDN
(Lesser Sunda Is.); PHL
60
Santalum spp.
Sandalwood
lt
2 species
from VU
to EN
CHN; PNG; IND; IDN;
PHL
61
Shorea acuminata,
Shorea dasyphylla,
Shorea johorensis,
Shorea lepidota, Shorea
macroptera, Shorea
parvifolia
Light Red Meranti
x
ll, t
NE to EN
62
Shorea acuminatissima,
Shorea Faguetiana,
Yellow meranti
x
ll, t
LC to EN
Borneo

32
List of Priority Tree Species
N
Botanical species name
Pilot/trade name
(Some)
reference data
exists or its
development
is underway
Important
trade
species
Priority
reasons
CITES
Appendix
IUCN red
list
category
Natural distribution
area
Shorea gibbosa, Shorea
hopeifolia, Shorea
multiflora
63
Shorea assamica, Shorea
bracteolate, Shorea
dealbata, Shorea
hypochra, Shorea
javanica, Shorea
lamellate
White meranti
x
ll, lt, t
NE to EN
64
Shorea atrinervosa,
Shorea brunnescens,
Shorea crassa, Shorea
exelliptica, Shorea
foxworthyi, Shorea
glauca, Shorea havilandii,
Shorea laevis, Shorea
leptoderma, Shorea
maxwelliana, Shorea
materialis, Shorea
seminis, Shorea
submontana, Shorea
sumatrana, Shorea
superba
Balau
x
ll, t
LC to EN
Borneo
65
Shorea balangeran,
Shorea collina, Shorea
Red balau
ll, t
EN

33
List of Priority Tree Species
N
Botanical species name
Pilot/trade name
(Some)
reference data
exists or its
development
is underway
Important
trade
species
Priority
reasons
CITES
Appendix
IUCN red
list
category
Natural distribution
area
guiso, S. longipetala,
Shorea kunstleri, Shorea
ochrophloia
66
Shorea curtisii, Shorea
hemsleyana, Shorea
macrantha Brandi,
Shorea pauciflora King,
Shorea platyclados
Shorea rugosa var.
vuliginosa, Shorea
singkawang , obtusa,
farinosa
Dark Red Meranti
x
t
LC to EN
67
Shorea laevis
Yellow Balau/Bangkirai
g
x
ll, lt, t
VU
BRN; IDN (Kalimantan,
Sumatra); MYS
(Peninsular, Sabah,
Sarawak); MMR
(mainland); THA
68
Shorea leprosula
Light red meranti
g
x
ll
NT
BRN; IDN (Jawa,
Kalimantan, Sumatra);
MYS (Peninsular,
Sabah, Sarawak); THA
69
Shorea ovata or Shorea
agsaboensis
Red Lauan
x
t
EN
70
Shorea robusta
Agrak
t
LC
BGD; BTN; CHN; IND;
NPL; PAK

34
List of Priority Tree Species
N
Botanical species name
Pilot/trade name
(Some)
reference data
exists or its
development
is underway
Important
trade
species
Priority
reasons
CITES
Appendix
IUCN red
list
category
Natural distribution
area
71
Taxus chinensis
Chinese yew
p
II
EN
CHN (Anhui,
Chongqing, Fujian,
Gansu, Guangxi,
Guizhou, Hubei,
Hunan, Shaanxi,
Sichuan, Yunnan,
Zhejiang); VNM
72
Taxus cuspidata
Japanese yew
p
II
LC
CHN (Heilongjiang,
Jilin, Liaoning, Shaanxi);
JPN (Hokkaido,
Honshu, Kyushu,
Shikoku); PRK; KOR;
RUS (Central Asian
RUS, Kuril Is., Primoryi,
Sakhalin)
73
Taxus fuana
Chinese yew
p
II
EN
AFG; CHN (Tibet [or
Xizang]); IND; NPL; PAK
74
Taxus sumatrana
Chinese yew
p, t
II
CHN; NPL; BTN; IND;
MMR; VNM; MYS; PHL;
IDN
75
Taxus wallichiana
Himalayan yew
p
II
EN
BTN; CHN (Sichuan,
Tibet [or Xizang],
Yunnan); IND
(Arunachal Pradesh,
Assam, Sikkim, Uttar

35
List of Priority Tree Species
N
Botanical species name
Pilot/trade name
(Some)
reference data
exists or its
development
is underway
Important
trade
species
Priority
reasons
CITES
Appendix
IUCN red
list
category
Natural distribution
area
Pradesh); IDN
(Sumatra); MMR; NPL;
PAK; PHL; VNM
76
Tectona grandis
Teak
g, m, i
x
lt, t
BGD; KHM; IND; Jawa;
LAO; MYS; MMR; PHL;
LKA; THA; VNM
Central- and South-America
77
Cedrela fissilis
Cedro
g, m, a
p
III (Bolivia)
VU
BOL
78
Cedrela odorata
Cedro
g, m, a
x
p
III (Bolivia,
Brazil,
Colombia,
Guatemala,
Peru)
VU
BOL; BRA; COL; GTM;
PER
79
Ceiba pentandra
Sumauma
g, a
x
lt, t
LC
AIA; ATG; BRB; BLZ;
BOL; BRA; COL; CRI;
CUB; CUW; DMA; ECU;
SLV; GUF; GRD; GLP;
GTM; GUY; HTI; HND;
JAM; MTQ; MEX; MSR;
NIC; PAN; PER; PRI;
LCA; VCT; SUR; VEN
80
Couratari guianensis
Tauari
x
ll, lt
VU
BRA (Pará, Rondônia,
Acre, Amazonas); COL;
CRI; GUF; GUY; PAN;
PER; SUR; VEN

36
List of Priority Tree Species
N
Botanical species name
Pilot/trade name
(Some)
reference data
exists or its
development
is underway
Important
trade
species
Priority
reasons
CITES
Appendix
IUCN red
list
category
Natural distribution
area
81
Couratari spp.
Tauari
x
11
species
from VU
to CR
CRI; PAN; BRA; COL;
GUF; GUY; PER; SUR;
VEN
82
Dalbergia decipularis
Brazilian tulip wood
m
p
II
83
Dalbergia retusa
Cocobolo
p
II (Guatemala,
Panama)
VU
GTM; PAN
84
Dalbergia retusa
Cocobolo
m
p
II
VU
BLZ; CRI; SLV; HND;
MEX; NIC
85
Dalbergia spp.
Rosewood
II
28
species
from DD
to CR
CUB; DOM; GLP; JAM;
MTQ; PRI; LCA; VCT;
TTO; BLZ, CRI; SLV;
GTM; HND; MEX; NIC;
PAN; BOL; BRA; COL;
ECU; GUF; GUY; PER;
SUR; VEN
86
Dinizia excelsa
Angelim vermelho
g
ll, lt
87
Handroanthus spp. =
Tabebuia spp.
lt
17
species
from LC
to EN
CUB; HTI; JAM; CRI;
MEX; PAN; ARG; BOL;
BRA; COL
88
Manilkara huberi (Ducke)
Maçaranduba/Bulletwood
g
x
ll, lt, t
BRA; GUF; GUY; SUR;
VEN
89
Myroxylon balsamum
Balsamo
g
t

37
List of Priority Tree Species
N
Botanical species name
Pilot/trade name
(Some)
reference data
exists or its
development
is underway
Important
trade
species
Priority
reasons
CITES
Appendix
IUCN red
list
category
Natural distribution
area
90
Podocarpus parlatorei
Parlatore’s podocarp,
Monteromero
g
p
I
NT
ARG; BOL
91
Tabebuia aurea
Paratodo
lt, t
ARG (Corrientes,
Formosa, Salta); PRY
(Alto PRY, Amambay,
Canindeyu,
Concepcion, Cordillera,
Pres. Hayes); BRA
(Parana, Amapa, Para,
Amazonas, Tocantins,
Maranhao, Piaui, Ceara,
Rio Grande do Norte,
Paraiba, Pernambuco,
Bahia, Alagoas,
Sergipe, Mato Grosso,
Goias, Distrito Federal,
Mato Grosso do Sul,
Minas Gerais, Sao
Paulo); BOL
92
Tabebuia incana syn.:
Handroanthus incanus
Ipê
g
x
lt, t
BOL (La Paz), BRA
(Para, Amazonas,
Rondonia), PER, ECU,
COL (Amazonas)
93
Tabebuia ochracea, syn.:
Handroanthus ochraceus
Ipê-do-cerrado
x
lt, t
ARG (Jujuy, Salta); BRA
(Parana, Santa

38
List of Priority Tree Species
N
Botanical species name
Pilot/trade name
(Some)
reference data
exists or its
development
is underway
Important
trade
species
Priority
reasons
CITES
Appendix
IUCN red
list
category
Natural distribution
area
Catarina, Para,
Tocantins, Maranhao,
Piaui, Ceara, Paraiba,
Bahia, Mato Grosso,
Goias, Distrito Federal,
Mato Grosso do Sul,
Minas Gerais, Espirito
Santo, Sao Paulo, Rio
de Janeiro); PRY (Alto
PRY, Alto Parana,
Amambay, Caaguazu,
Canindeyu, Central,
Cordillera, Guaira,
Paraguari, San Pedro);
ECU; PER; BOL (Beni,
Chuquisaca, La Paz,
Santa Cruz, Tarija); VEN
(Amazonas, Bolivar,
Miranda, Monagas,
Portuguesa, Sucre)
Annex 1.2 Global list of medium priority tree species for the identification of taxonomic identity and geographic
origin.

39
List of Priority Tree Species
N
Botanical species name
Pilot/trade name
(Some)
reference data
exists or its
development
is underway
Important
trade
species
Priority
reasons
CITES
Appendix
IUCN red
list
category
Natural distribution
area
Africa
1
Aningeria altissima
Aniégré/Aningeria
x
lt, s, t
2
Aningeria robusta
Aniégré/Aningeria
x
lt, s, t
3
Antiaris toxicaria
Ako/Antiaris
m
x
t
4
Baillonella toxisperma
Moabi
g, m
t
VU
AGO (Cabinda); CMR;
COG; COD; GAB; NGA
5
Cylicodiscus
gabonensis/Cylicodiscus
gabunensis
Okan
g
t
6
Entandrophragma
angolense
Tiama/Gedu Nohor
g, m
x
p
VU
AGO; CMR; CAF; COG;
COD; CIV; GNQ (Bioko);
GAB; GHA; GIN; KEN;
LBR; NGA; SLE; SSD;
SDN; TZA; UGA
7
Entandrophragma
candollei
Kosipo
g, m
x
p
VU
AGO; CMR; COG; COD;
CIV; GAB; GHA; GIN; LBR;
NGA
8
Guarea cedrata, syn.:
Leplaea cedrata
Scented Guarea/Bossé
clair
x
lt, s, t
CMR; COG; COD; CIV;
GHA; LBR; NGA; SLE;
UGA
9
Guibourtia spp.
Bubinga
x
p
4 species
from LC
to CR
CMR; CIV; GAB; GHA;
KEN; LBR; MOZ; NGA;
ZAF; TZA; ZWE

40
List of Priority Tree Species
N
Botanical species name
Pilot/trade name
(Some)
reference data
exists or its
development
is underway
Important
trade
species
Priority
reasons
CITES
Appendix
IUCN red
list
category
Natural distribution
area
10
Lophira alata
Azobé/Ekki
g, m
x
t
VU
CMR; COG; COD; CIV;
GNQ; GAB; GHA; LBR;
NGA; SLE
11
Microberlinia bisulcata
Zingana/Zebrano
CR
CMR
12
Paraberlinia bifoliolata,
syn.: Julbernardia
pellegriniana
Awoura
t
13
Pterygota bequaertii
Koto
g
x
t
VU
CMR; COD; CIV; GAB;
GHA; NGA
14
Tetraberlinia tubmaniana
Ékaba/Ekop
VU
LBR
Asia, Pacific & Oceania
15
Anthocephalus cadamba,
syn.: Neolamarckia
cadamba
t
IND; BGD; Borneo; KHM;
CHN South-Central; CHN
Southeast; Jawa; LAO;
Lesser Sunda Is.; MYS;
MMR; PNG; LKA; IDN;
Sumatra; THA; VNM
16
Calophyllum spp.
Bintangor
t
46
species
from DD
to CR
JPN; ASM; AUS; FJI; NCL;
PNG; WSM; SLB; TON;
tuv; VUT; British Indian
Ocean Territory; BRN;
KHM; IND; IDN; MYS;
MMR; PHL; SGP; LKA;
THA; VNM
17
Dalbergia cambodiana
II
EN
KHM; VNM

41
List of Priority Tree Species
N
Botanical species name
Pilot/trade name
(Some)
reference data
exists or its
development
is underway
Important
trade
species
Priority
reasons
CITES
Appendix
IUCN red
list
category
Natural distribution
area
18
Dalbergia paniculata
Rosewood
II
19
Dalbergia sissoo
Sisso
m
II
IND; NPL; PAK
20
Diospyros celebica
Asian Grained
Ebony/Ébène veinée
d'Asie
m
VU
IDN
21
Diospyros ebenum
Asian Black Ebony/Ébène
noire d'Asie
m
p, t
DD
IND; IND; LKA
22
Dipterocarpus alatus
Keruing
ll, t
VU
BGD; KHM; IND (West
Bengal); LAO; MMR; LKA;
THA; VNM
23
Hopea odorata
Merawan
x
t
VU
BGD; KHM; IND (West
Bengal); LAO; MYS
(Peninsular); MMR; THA;
VNM
24
Intsia spp.
Merbau
g, m
t
2 species
VU
JPN; ASM; AUS; PNG;
SLB; VUT; British Indian
Ocean Territory; KHM;
IND; IDN; MYS; MMR;
PHL; SGP; THA; VNM
25
Larix gmelinii
Sibiran larch
g, i
LC
CHN (Hebei,
Heilongjiang, Jilin,
Liaoning, Nei Mongol,
Shanxi); PRK; MNG; RUS
(Amur, Buryatiya, Chita,
Irkutsk, Kamchatka,

42
List of Priority Tree Species
N
Botanical species name
Pilot/trade name
(Some)
reference data
exists or its
development
is underway
Important
trade
species
Priority
reasons
CITES
Appendix
IUCN red
list
category
Natural distribution
area
Khabarovsk, Kuril Is.,
Magadan, Primoryi,
Sakhalin, Yakutiya)
26
Larix sibirica
Siberian larch/Russian
larch
g
t
LC
CHN (Tibet [or Xizang],
Xinjiang); MNG; RUS
(Altay, Irkutsk,
Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, West
Siberia)
27
Pinus kesiya
Pinus kesiya/Kesiya Pine
LC
CHN (Yunnan); IND
(Meghalaya); MYS; PHL
28
Pinus koraiensis
Korean pine
tshorea,
p
III (Russian
Federation)
LC
31 AMU KHA PRM 36
CHM-HJ CHM-JL CHM-
LN 38 JAP-HK JAP-HN
KOR-NK KOR-SK; China:
Heilongjiang, Jilin,
Liaoning; Japan:
Hokkaido, Honshu;
North & South Korea;
Russian Far East: Amur,
Khabarovsk, Primorye
29
Podocarpus elatus
g
LC
AUS (New South Wales,
Queensland)
30
Podocarpus imbricatus
Melur
t
LC
KHM; CHN (Guangxi,
Hainan, Yunnan); FJI; IDN
(Jawa, Lesser Sunda Is.,

43
List of Priority Tree Species
N
Botanical species name
Pilot/trade name
(Some)
reference data
exists or its
development
is underway
Important
trade
species
Priority
reasons
CITES
Appendix
IUCN red
list
category
Natural distribution
area
Papua, Sumatra); LAO;
MYS; PNG (Bismarck
Archipelago); PHL; THA;
VUT; VNM
31
Podocarpus neriifolius
Black pine podocarp
g, m
p, t
III (Nepal)
LC
NPL
32
Podophyllum hexandrum
Himalayan may-apple
g
p, t
II
CHN (Gansu, Qinghai,
Shaanxi, Sichuan,
Yunnan); IND; NPL; BTN;
AFG (Kunar / Nuristan,
Laghman); PAK (Kurram,
Chitral, Swat, Hazara,
Murree)
33
Pometia pinnata
Kasai
g, m
t
Java; PHL (Babuyan,
Luzon, Mindoro, Ticao,
Masbate, Negros, Cebu,
Leyte, Samar, Mindanao);
Andaman Isl. (North
Andaman Isl., Middle
Andaman Isl., South
Andaman Isl., Little
Andaman Isl.); IND;
MMR; LAO; IDN; PNG;
Peninsular MYS; SGP;
LKA; THA; FJI

44
List of Priority Tree Species
N
Botanical species name
Pilot/trade name
(Some)
reference data
exists or its
development
is underway
Important
trade
species
Priority
reasons
CITES
Appendix
IUCN red
list
category
Natural distribution
area
34
Pterocarpus
dalbergoides
g, m
x
35
Pterocarpus indicus
Padauk Amboina
g, m
x
t
EN
KHM; IND; IDN (Bali,
Jawa, Kalimantan, Lesser
Sunda Is., Maluku,
Papua, IDN, Sumatra);
MYS (Peninsular, Sabah);
MMR; PNG (Bismarck
Archipelago, North
Solomons); PHL; SLB;
LKA; CHN; VUT
36
Pterocarpus macrocarpus
Amboyna
g, m
x
37
Pterocarpus marsupium
g, m
NT
BGD; IND (Andhra
Pradesh, Bihar, Goa,
Gujarat, Karnataka,
Kerala, Madhya Pradesh,
Maharashtra, Orissa,
Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu,
Uttar Pradesh, West
Bengal); NPL; LKA; CHN
38
Quercus spp.
Oak (white oaks)
lt
6 species
from DD
to CR
CHN; JPN; PRK; KOR;
MNG; RUS; LAO; MMR;
THA; VNM; ARM; AZE;
CYP; GEO; IRN; IRQ; ISR;
JOR; KAZ; LBN; SYR; TUR

45
List of Priority Tree Species
N
Botanical species name
Pilot/trade name
(Some)
reference data
exists or its
development
is underway
Important
trade
species
Priority
reasons
CITES
Appendix
IUCN red
list
category
Natural distribution
area
39
Swintonia spp.
Merpauh
2 species
LC
IDN; MYS; PHL
40
Taxus baccata
Taxus
LC
AZE (Nakhichevan); GEO
(Abkhaziya, Adzhariya);
IRN; RUS (Chechnya,
Dagestan, Ingushetiya,
Kabardino-Balkariya,
Kaliningrad, Karachaevo-
Cherkessiya, Krasnodar,
Severo-Osetiya,
Stavropol)
41
Tectona grandis
Teak
g, m, i
x
lt, t
BGD; KHM; IND; Jawa;
LAO; MYS; MMR; PHL;
LKA; THA; VNM
42
Terminalia arjuna
LKA; IND; BGD
43
Terminalia chebula
Terminalia
CHN
44
Terminalia manii
Terminalia
45
Terminalia myriocarpa
CHN (Guangxi, Yunnan);
LAO; MMR (Kachin,
Rakhine, Sagaing); THA;
VNM; BGD; NPL; N-
Sumatra
46
Tetracentron sinense
Tetracentron
g
p
III (Nepal)
NPL
47
Toona ciliata
Suren
LC
AUS; CHN; MYS

46
List of Priority Tree Species
N
Botanical species name
Pilot/trade name
(Some)
reference data
exists or its
development
is underway
Important
trade
species
Priority
reasons
CITES
Appendix
IUCN red
list
category
Natural distribution
area
48
Toona sureni
Suren
g
x
t
CHN (Guizhou, Hainan,
Sichuan, Yunnan); NPL;
Java; Peninsular MYS
(Perlis, Langkawi Isl.,
Kedah, Penang,
Kelantan, Pahang,
Selangor, Johor); THA;
Sumatra; Borneo; Java;
Lesser Sunda Isl. (Bali,
Sumba, Timor); Moluccas
(Halmaheira, Tanimbar);
IDN; PNG; MMR (Kachin,
Sagaing); BTN, IND
(Arunachal Pradesh,
Assam, Meghalaya,
Mizoram, Orissa, Uttar
Pradesh, West Bengal,
Kerala, Tamil Nadu);
KHM; LAO; VNM; BGD;
PHL (Batanes, Luzon,
Mindoro, Negros, Cebu,
Leyte, Samar, Mindanao)
Central- and South-America
49
Abies guatemalensis
Guatemalan fir, Mexican
fir
I
EN
SLV; GTM; HND; MEX

47
List of Priority Tree Species
N
Botanical species name
Pilot/trade name
(Some)
reference data
exists or its
development
is underway
Important
trade
species
Priority
reasons
CITES
Appendix
IUCN red
list
category
Natural distribution
area
50
Amburana acreana
ll, lt
VU
BOL; BRA (Mato Grosso,
Acre, Rondônia); PER
51
Amburana cearensis
Cerejeira
g
lt, t
EN
ARG; BOL; BRA; PRY; PER
52
Aniba rosaeodora
Brazilian rosewood
p
II
EN
BRA (Amapá, Amazonas,
Pará); COL; ECU; GUF;
GUY; PER; SUR; VEN
53
Bulnesia sarmientoi
Palo santo
p
II
EN
ARG; BOL; PRY
54
Calycophyllum
spruceanum
Pau mulato
g
ll
BOL; BRA; COL; ECU;
PER; TTO
55
Cedrela spp.
3 species
from VU
to EN
ATG; BRB; CYM; CUB;
DMA; DOM; GRD; GLP;
HTI; JAM; MSR; KNA;
LCA; BLZ; CRI; SLV; GTM;
HND; MEX; NIC; PAN;
ARG; BOL; BRA; COL;
ECU; GUF; GUY; PRY;
PER; SUR; VEN
56
Chorisia integrifolia
Lopuna
g
ARG; ECU; PRY; PER
57
Dalbergia cubilquitzensis
Guatemalan rosewood
p
II (Guatemala)
GTM
58
Dalbergia cubilquitzensis
Rosewood
p
II
59
Dalbergia darienensis
Indian rosewood
p
II (Panama)
PAN
60
Dalbergia darienensis
Indian rosewood
m
p
II
61
Dalbergia glomerata
Rosewood
p
II (Guatemala)
VU
GTM
62
Dalbergia glomerata
p
II
VU
CRI; HND; MEX

48
List of Priority Tree Species
N
Botanical species name
Pilot/trade name
(Some)
reference data
exists or its
development
is underway
Important
trade
species
Priority
reasons
CITES
Appendix
IUCN red
list
category
Natural distribution
area
63
Dalbergia granadillo
Cocobolo
m
p
II
64
Dalbergia nigra
Brazilian rosewood
g, m
x
p
I
VU
BRA (Bahia, Espírito
Santo, Minas Gerais, Rio
de Janeiro, São Paulo)
65
Dalbergia stevensonii
Cocobolo
p
II (Guatemala)
GTM
66
Dalbergia stevensonii
m
p
II
67
Dalbergia tucurensis
Yucatan rosewood,
Palissandre de Guatemala
m
x
p
II
68
Dipteryx alata
Cumaru/Tonka
VU
BRA; BOL; PRY; PER
69
Dipteryx micrantha
Cumaru/Tonka
g
t
DD
BOL; BRA; COL; ECU; PER
70
Dipteryx odorata
Cumaru/Tonka
g, m
lt, t
DD
BRA; COL; GUF; GUY;
SUR; VEN
71
Dipteryx panamensis
Shihuahuaco, Cumaru
p, t
III (Costa Rica)
CRI; HND; MEX
72
Dipteryx spp.
4 species
from DD
to VU
BHS; DMA; TTO; BOL;
BRA; COL; ECU; GUF;
GUY; PER; SUR; VEN
73
Fitzroya cupressoides
Alerce
g, m
p
I
EN
ARG (Chubut, Neuquén,
Rio Negro); CHL (Los
Lagos)
74
Guaiacum officinale
Pockholz, lignum vitae
g, m
p
II
EN
AIA; ATG; BHS; BRB; BES
(Saba, Sint Eustatius);
COL; CUB; CUW; DMA;
DOM; GRD; GLP; HTI;
JAM; MTQ; MSR; PRI;

49
List of Priority Tree Species
N
Botanical species name
Pilot/trade name
(Some)
reference data
exists or its
development
is underway
Important
trade
species
Priority
reasons
CITES
Appendix
IUCN red
list
category
Natural distribution
area
BLM; MAF; VCT; SXM;
TCA
75
Hymenaea courbaril
Jatobá/Algarrobo
g, m, a
t
LC
BRA; COL; GUF; GUY;
PER; SUR; VEN
76
Machaerium scleroxylon
Santos Palisander,
morado, caviuna
g, m
LC
BOL; BRA; PRY
77
Manilkara bidentata
Maçaranduba/Bulletwood
g, a
x
t
BOL; BRA North; COL;
ECU; GUF; GUY; PER;
SUR; VEN
78
Minquartia guianensis
Acariquara, Black
manwood
g
NT
BOL; BRA; COL; CRI; ECU;
GUF; GUY; NIC; PAN;
PER; SUR; VEN
79
Ormosia spp.
t
6 species
from DD
to EN
JAM; CRI; GTM; MEX;
PAN; BOL; BRA; COL;
GUF; GUY; PER; SUR; VEN
80
Pilgerodendron uviferum
Pilgerodendron
g, m, a
p
I
VU
ARG (Chubut, Neuquén,
Rio Negro, Santa Cruz);
CHL (Los Lagos)
81
Populus fremontii
Fremont's cottonwood
g
s
MEX
82
Populus tremuloides
Canadian aspen
g
s
MEX
83
Quercus spp.
Oak (Encinos, Robles)
149
speies
from DD
to CR
BLZ; CRI; SLV; GTM;
HND; MEX; NIC; PAN;
COL

50
List of Priority Tree Species
N
Botanical species name
Pilot/trade name
(Some)
reference data
exists or its
development
is underway
Important
trade
species
Priority
reasons
CITES
Appendix
IUCN red
list
category
Natural distribution
area
84
Tabebuia alba, syn.:
Handroanthus albus
Ipê-amarelo
x
ll, lt
ARG (Misiones); BRA
(Parana, Rio Grande do
Sul, Santa Catarina,
Minas Gerais, Sao Paulo,
Rio de Janeiro); PRY (Alto
Parana, Itapua)
85
Tabebuia heptaphylla,
syn.: Handroanthus
heptaphyllus
Ipê
x
lt, t
ARG (Chaco, Corrientes,
Entre Rios, Formosa,
Misiones, Santa Fe); PRY
(Alto PRY, Alto Parana,
Amambay, Canindeyu,
Central, Concepcion,
Cordillera, Guaira,
Misiones, Neembucu,
San Pedro); URY (Rocha,
Salto); BRA (Parana, Rio
Grande do Sul, Santa
Catarina, Bahia, Mato
Grosso, Goias, Distrito
Federal, Minas Gerais,
Espirito Santo, Sao
Paulo, Rio de Janeiro);
BOL (Beni, Santa Cruz)

51
List of Priority Tree Species
N
Botanical species name
Pilot/trade name
(Some)
reference data
exists or its
development
is underway
Important
trade
species
Priority
reasons
CITES
Appendix
IUCN red
list
category
Natural distribution
area
86
Tabebuia impetiginosa
syn.: Handroanthus
impetiginosus
Ipê
g
x
lt, t
LC
ARG; BRA; CRI; MEX
87
Tabebuia micrantha
lt, t
BLZ; BRA; COL; CRI; ECU;
GTM; HND; MEX; NIC;
PER; VEN
88
Tabebuia pilosa
Roble
lt, t
BRA; VEN; COL
89
Tabebuia serratifolia syn.:
Handroanthus
serratifolius
Ipê
g, m
x
ll, lt, t
VEN; COL; GUY; SUR;
GUF; BRA; ECU; PER
90
Virola surinamensis
Virola/Dalli
g
x
EN
BRA (Amapá, Amazonas,
Maranhão, Pará,
Pernambuco, Roraima);
CRI; ECU; GUF; GUY;
PAN; PER; SUR; VEN
Europe
91
Acer spp.
Maple
s
11
species
from LC
to CR
ALB; AND; AUT; BEL; BIH;
BGR; HRV; CZE; DNK;
EST; FRO; FIN; FRA; DEU;
GIB; GRC; HUN; ISL; IRL;
ITA; LVA; LIE; LTU; LUX;
MKD; MLT; MCO; MNE;
NLD; NOR; POL; PRT;
ROU; SMR; SRB; SVK;

52
List of Priority Tree Species
N
Botanical species name
Pilot/trade name
(Some)
reference data
exists or its
development
is underway
Important
trade
species
Priority
reasons
CITES
Appendix
IUCN red
list
category
Natural distribution
area
SVN; ESP; SWE; CHE;
GBR
92
Fagus sylvatica
Beech
t
LC
ALB; AUT; BEL; BGR; CZE;
DNK; EST; FRA
(mainland, Corsica); DEU;
GRC (mainland); HUN;
ITA (Sicilia, mainland);
LVA; LTU; MKD; NLD;
NOR; POL; ROU; ESP
(mainland); SWE; CHE;
TUR; UKR; GBR
93
Populus nigra
Black poplar
g
p, s
DD
ALB; AUT; BGR; CZE; SVK;
DEU; GRC (incl. Kiklades);
CHE; NLD; HUN; ITA;
SVN; HRV; BIH; MNE;
SRB; POL; ROU; BLR; UKR
94
Quercus spp.
Oak (white oaks)
t
24
species
from DD
to NT
BLR; MDA; UKR; ALB,
AUT; BEL; BIH; BGR; HRV;
CZE; DNK; EST; FIN; FRA;
DEU; GRC; HUN; IRL; ITA;
LVA; LTU; LUX; MKD;
MLT; MNE; NLD; NOR;
POL; PRT; ROU; SRB;
SVK; SVN; ESP; SWE;
CHE; GBR

53
List of Priority Tree Species
N
Botanical species name
Pilot/trade name
(Some)
reference data
exists or its
development
is underway
Important
trade
species
Priority
reasons
CITES
Appendix
IUCN red
list
category
Natural distribution
area
North-America
95
Fagus grandifolia
t
LC
CAN; USA
96
Quercus alba
White oak
g, m
s, t
LC
USA; CAN
97
Quercus macrocarpa
Bur oak
g
s
LC
USA; CAN
98
Quercus spp.
Oak (white oaks)
g, i
s, t
93
species
from DD
to CR
CAN; USA
Annex 1.3 Global list of low priority tree species for the identification of taxonomic identity and geographic
origin.
N
Botanical species name
Pilot/trade name
(Some)
reference data
exists or its
development
is underway
Important
trade
species
Priority
reasons
CITES
Appendix
IUCN red
list
category
Natural distribution area
Africa
1
Celtis milbraedii
t
2
Celtis zenkeri
Ohia
t
LC
AGO; BEN; CMR; CAF; COG;
COD; CIV; GNQ (Bioko); ETH;
GAB; GHA; GIN; LBR; NGA;
SLE; SSD; TZA; TGO; UGA

54
List of Priority Tree Species
N
Botanical species name
Pilot/trade name
(Some)
reference data
exists or its
development
is underway
Important
trade
species
Priority
reasons
CITES
Appendix
IUCN red
list
category
Natural distribution area
3
Entandrophragma
cylindricum
Sapelli/Sapele
g, m, i
x
p, lt, t
VU
AGO; CMR; COG; COD; CIV;
GAB; GHA; NGA; SLE; TGO;
UGA
4
Microberlinia
brazzavillensis
Zingana/Zebrano
g, m
VU
CMR; COG; GAB
5
Milicia excelsa
Iroko
g, m, i
x
t
NT
AGO; BEN; BDI; CMR; CAF;
COG; COD; CIV; GNQ
(Bioko); ETH; GAB; GHA;
KEN; MWI; MOZ; NGA; RWA;
STP (Sâo Tomé); SLE; SSD;
SDN; TZA; TGO; UGA; ZWE
6
Ocotea usambarensis
Camphor
g
COD; UGA; BDI; KEN; TZA;
ZMB; MWI
7
Pinus nigra
Corsian pine
g
LC
DZA; MAR
8
Pterocarpus angolensis
m
9
Tectona grandis
Teak
g, i
x
lt
AGO; BEN; GMB; SDN; TGO
10
Triplochiton scleroxylon
Ayous/Obeche
g, i
lt, t
LC
BEN; CMR; COG; COD; CIV;
GNQ; GHA; GIN; LBR; NGA;
SLE
11
Vitex keniensis
Meru oak
g
EN
KEN
Asia, Pacific & Oceania
12
Betula spp.
Birch
t
49 species
from DD to
CR
CHN, JPN; PRK; KOR; MNG;
RUS; BTN; IND; LAO; MMR;
NPL; THA; VNM; AFG; ARM;

55
List of Priority Tree Species
N
Botanical species name
Pilot/trade name
(Some)
reference data
exists or its
development
is underway
Important
trade
species
Priority
reasons
CITES
Appendix
IUCN red
list
category
Natural distribution area
AZE; GEO; IRN; IRQ; KAZ;
KGZ; PAK; TJK; TUR; UZB
13
Canarium spp.
Kedondong
t
20 species
from DD to
CR
ASM; AUS; FJI; NCL; PLW;
PNG; WSM; SLB; TON; BRN;
IDN; MYS; PHL; SGP; LKA;
THA; VNM
14
Dipterocarpus
tuberculatus
NT
BGD; KHM; IND; LAO; MMR;
THA; VNM
15
Endospermum
moluccanum
Sesendok
g
Bismarck Archipelago;
Maluku; PNG; Solomon Is.;
IDN
16
Eucalyptus globulus
t
Plantations vs. natural
17
Fraxinus mandshurica
Manchurian ash
m
p
III (Russian
Federation)
RUS
18
Fraxinus spp.
Ash
t
30 species
from DD to
CR
CHN; JPN, PRK; KOR; RUS;
BGD; BTN; IND; IDN; LAO;
MMR; NPL; PHL; THA; VNM;
AFG; ARM; AZE; GEO; IRN;
IRQ; KAZ; KGZ; LBN; PAK;
SYR; TJK; TUR; TKM; UZB
19
Koompassia excelsa
Kempas
g
x
IDN (Kalimantan, Sumatra);
MYS (Sarawak, Peninsular
MYS, Sabah); PHL
20
Larix kaempferi
Japanese larch
g
LC
JPN (Honshu)
21
Larix olgensis
Siberian larch
g, i
CHN; PRK; RUS

56
List of Priority Tree Species
N
Botanical species name
Pilot/trade name
(Some)
reference data
exists or its
development
is underway
Important
trade
species
Priority
reasons
CITES
Appendix
IUCN red
list
category
Natural distribution area
22
Pinus sylvestris
Scots pine
g
t
LC
CHN (Heilongjiang, Jilin, Nei
Mongol); MNG; RUS
23
Pinus wallichiana
g
LC
AFG; BTN; CHN (Tibet [or
Xizang], Yunnan); IND; MMR;
NPL; PAK
24
Populus adenopoda
Chinese aspen
g
s, t
CHN; MMR
25
Populus cathayana
g
s
CHN
26
Populus euphratica
g
s
GEO [Caucasus]; Northern
Caucasus; AZE; AFG
(Badakshan, Badghys, Farah,
Helmand, Herat, Kabul,
Nimroz); PAK (Karachi, Sind,
Quetta, Waziristan, Lahore,
Baltistan); CHN (Gansu, Nei
Mongol, Qinghai, Xinjiang);
KAZ; TJK; TKM; UZB; KGZ;
MNG; TUR (S-Anatolia, SE-
Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia);
IRN; IRQ (NE-IRQ, NW-IRQ,
SE-IRQ: Mesopotamia, W-
IRQ: Desert); ISR (Rift Valley,
Negev Desert); JOR; SYR
(Jazira, Jbel Druze)
27
Populus koreana
g
s
PRK; KOR; RUS Far East; CHN
(Nei Mongol, Shaanxi, E-

57
List of Priority Tree Species
N
Botanical species name
Pilot/trade name
(Some)
reference data
exists or its
development
is underway
Important
trade
species
Priority
reasons
CITES
Appendix
IUCN red
list
category
Natural distribution area
Heilongjiang, E-Jiling, E-
Liaoning); MNG
28
Populus lasiocarpa
g
s
CHN
29
Populus maximowiczii
Japanese poplar
g
s
RUS; JPN; CHN
30
Populus simonii
g
s
PRK; KOR; CHN (Hebei,
Heilongjiang, Jiangsu, Jilin,
Liaoning, Nei Mongol,
Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shanxi,
Sichuan, Zhejiang); MNG
31
Populus szechuanica
g
s
CHN
32
Populus ussuriensis
g
s
PRK; KOR; RUS; CHN (Nei
Mongol, Shaanxi, E-
Heilongjiang, E-Jiling, E-
Liaoning); MNG
33
Populus wilsonii
g
s
CHN
34
Quercus mongolica
Mongolian oak
g, m
p, ll, t
III (Russian
Federation)
RUS
35
Tetramerista glabra
Punah
x
Peninsular MYS (Kedah,
Terengganu, Perak, Pahang,
Selangor, Melaka, Johor);
SGP; Borneo; Sumatra
36
Vitex pinnata
LC
BGD; BRN; KHM; IND; IDN;
LAO; MYS; MMR; PHL; SGP;
LKA; THA; TLS; VNM

58
List of Priority Tree Species
N
Botanical species name
Pilot/trade name
(Some)
reference data
exists or its
development
is underway
Important
trade
species
Priority
reasons
CITES
Appendix
IUCN red
list
category
Natural distribution area
37
Vitex spp.
Leban
t
7 species
from DD to
EN
NCL; BRN; KHM; IND; IDN;
LAO; MYS; MMR; PHL; SGP;
LKA; THA; TLS; VNM
38
Xylia xylocarpa
Pyinkado
Central- and South-America
39
Apuleia leiocarpa
Garapa
g
ll, lt, t
40
Araucaria angustifolia
Pinho Paraná
m
CR
ARG (Misiones); BRA (Minas
Gerais, Paraná, Rio Grande
do Sul, Santa Catarina, São
Paulo); PRY
41
Aspidosperma
macrocarpon
Araracanga
t
BRA (Amapa, Para,
Amazonas, Tocantins, Acre,
Rondonia, Maranhao, Piaui,
Bahia, Mato Grosso, Goias,
Distrito Federal, Mato
Grosso do Sul, Minas Gerais,
Sao Paulo); PER; PRY
(Amambay, Canindeyu,
Concepcion); BOL (Beni,
Cochabamba, La Paz, Pando,
Santa Cruz)
42
Aspidosperma vargasii
BRA (Roraima, Amazonas,
Acre, Maranhao, Ceara,
Pernambuco, Bahia, Distrito
Federal, Mato Grosso do Sul,

59
List of Priority Tree Species
N
Botanical species name
Pilot/trade name
(Some)
reference data
exists or its
development
is underway
Important
trade
species
Priority
reasons
CITES
Appendix
IUCN red
list
category
Natural distribution area
Minas Gerais, Espirito Santo,
Sao Paulo, Rio de Janeiro,
Parana, Santa Catarina); PER;
COL (Cesar); VEN
(Amazonas, Aragua, Barinas,
Bolivar, Carabobo, Delta
Amacuro, Distrito Federal,
Falcon, Guarico, Lara,
Miranda, Monagas, Nueva
Esparta, Sucre, Tachira,
Yaracuy, Zulia); GUY; SUR;
BOL (Beni, Cochabamba, La
Paz, Pando, Santa Cruz)
43
Bagassa guianensis
Tatajuba
g
BRA (Roraima, Amapa,
Maranhao, Mato Grosso,
Para, Rondonia), GUF, GUY,
SUR
44
Bertholletia excelsa
Castanheiro
VU
BOL; BRA (Acre, Amapá,
Amazonas, Maranhão, Mato
Grosso, Pará, Rondônia);
COL; GUF; GUY; PER; SUR;
VEN
45
Bowdichia nitida
Sucupira preta
g
x
46
Brosimum utile
Sandé
a
t
2
subspecies
COL; PAN

60
List of Priority Tree Species
N
Botanical species name
Pilot/trade name
(Some)
reference data
exists or its
development
is underway
Important
trade
species
Priority
reasons
CITES
Appendix
IUCN red
list
category
Natural distribution area
from VU to
EN
47
Paubrasilia echinata
Brazilwood
g, m
p
II
EN
BRA (Alagoas, Bahia, Espírito
Santo, Minas Gerais, Paraíba,
Pernambuco, Rio de Janeiro,
Rio Grande do Norte,
Sergipe)
48
Calophyllum brasiliense
Jacareúba
m, a
t
BHS (I); BLZ; BOL; BRA; COL;
CRI; ECU, SLV; GUF; GTM;
GUY; HND; MEX; NIC; PAN;
PRY; PER; SUR; TTO (I); VEN
49
Capirona decorticans
Capirona
BOL; BRA; COL; ECU; GUF;
GUY; PER; SUR; VEN
50
Carapa guianensis
Andiroba
g, m, a
x
LC
AIA; ATG; BLZ; BRA; COL;
CRI; CUB; DMA; DOM; ECU;
GUF; GRD; GTM; GUY; HND;
MSR; NIC; PAN; PRY; PRI;
BLM; KNA; LCA; MAF; VCT;
SXM; SUR; TTO; VEN
51
Carapa surinamensis
g
BRA; GUF; GUY; SUR
52
Cariniana spp.
Jequitiba
x
9 species
from NT to
CR
CRI; BRA; COL; VEN
53
Caryocar costaricense
Piquia
g
p
II
EN
COL; CRI; PAN; VEN

61
List of Priority Tree Species
N
Botanical species name
Pilot/trade name
(Some)
reference data
exists or its
development
is underway
Important
trade
species
Priority
reasons
CITES
Appendix
IUCN red
list
category
Natural distribution area
54
Cedrela angustifolia
Cedro
m
ARG (Misiones, Salta); PRY
(Canindeyu, Central,
Cordillera, Paraguari); MEX
(Aguascalientes, Campeche,
Chiapas, Chihuahua, Colima,
Durango, Guanajuato,
Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco,
MEX State, Michoacan,
Morelos, Nayarit, Nuevo
Leon, Oaxaca, Puebla,
Queretaro, Quintana Roo,
San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa,
Sonora, Tabasco,
Tamaulipas, Veracruz,
Yucatan, Zacatecas); GTM;
BLZ; HND; SLV; NIC; CRI;
PAN; BHS; Cayman Isl.; CUB;
Hispaniola; JAM; PRI; Virgin
Isl. (St. John, Tortola); Lesser
Antilles (Antigua, BRB, DMA,
GRD, GLP, MSR, St. Eustatius,
St. Lucia); TTO; Curacao; COL
(Amazonas, Antioquia,
Bolvar, Caldas, Caquet, Choc,
Cundinamarca, Huila,

62
List of Priority Tree Species
N
Botanical species name
Pilot/trade name
(Some)
reference data
exists or its
development
is underway
Important
trade
species
Priority
reasons
CITES
Appendix
IUCN red
list
category
Natural distribution area
Magdalena, Meta, Nario,
Quindo, Risaralda, San
Andrs, Providencia y Santa
Catalina, Santander, Tolima,
Valle); VEN (Aragua, Barinas,
Bolivar, Carabobo, Cojedes,
Delta Amacuro, Distrito
Federal, Falcon, Merida,
Miranda, Monagas, Tachira,
Yaracuy, Zulia); GUY; SUR;
GUF; ECU; PER; BRA (Amapa,
Para, Amazonas, Acre, Bahia,
Ceara, Mato Grosso, Goias,
Distrito Federal, Espirito
Santo, Rio de Janeiro, Sao
Paulo; BOL (Beni,
Cochabamba, La Paz, Pando,
Santa Cruz, Tarija); CHN (I)
(Guangdong (I)); ZAF (I);
Swaziland (I); NCL (I); trop.
Africa (I); CMR (I); MOZ (I);
Sao Tome (I); GIN (I); FJI (I);
peninsular MYS (I); Java (I);
PHL (I); PNG (I); IND (I); LKA
(I)

63
List of Priority Tree Species
N
Botanical species name
Pilot/trade name
(Some)
reference data
exists or its
development
is underway
Important
trade
species
Priority
reasons
CITES
Appendix
IUCN red
list
category
Natural distribution area
55
Cedrelinga
catanaeformis/Cedrelinga
cateniformis
Tornillo
g, a
t
56
Ceiba samauma
Sumauma
g
t
BRA; COL; ECU; PER
57
Copaifera spp.
5 species
from LC to
VU
PAN; ARG; BOL; BRA; GUY;
PRY; PER; SUR
58
Cupressus montana syn.:
Cupressus arizonica var.
montana
CR
MEX
59
Cupressus spp.
Ciprés
3 species
from LC to
EN
BLZ; SLV; GTM; HND; MEX;
NIC
60
Dalbergia calycina
Rosewood
p
II
(Guatemala)
LC
GTM
61
Dalbergia calycina
Rosewood
p
II
LC
BLZ; CRI; SLV; GTM; MEX;
NIC
62
Dicorynia guianensis
Basralocus
a
GUF; SUR
63
Eperua falcata
Wallaba
GUF; SUR; GUY; BRA; VEN
64
Eperua grandiflora
Wapa courbaril
SUR; GUY; GUF; BRA
65
Ficus spp.
6 speies
from LC to
EN
CUB; DOM; HTI; TTO; BLZ;
CRI; SLV; GTM; HND; MEX;
NIC; PAN; ARG; BOL; BRA;

64
List of Priority Tree Species
N
Botanical species name
Pilot/trade name
(Some)
reference data
exists or its
development
is underway
Important
trade
species
Priority
reasons
CITES
Appendix
IUCN red
list
category
Natural distribution area
COL; ECU; GUF; GUY; PRY;
PER; SUR; URY; VEN
66
Goupia glabra
Cupiuba/Kabukalli
a
ll, lt
COL (Amazonas, Antioquia,
Bolvar, Caquet, Cauca, Choc,
Nario, Norte de Santander,
Santander, Valle, Vaups,
Vichada); BRA (Roraima,
Amapa, Para, Amazonas,
Tocantins, Rondonia,
Maranhao, Mato Grosso);
PER; GUY; SUR; GUF; PAN;
VEN (Amazonas, Apure,
Bolivar, Delta Amacuro,
Tachira, Zulia); BOL (Pando)
67
Guaiacum sanctum
Lignum vitae
g, m, a
p
II
NT
BHS; CRI; CUB; DOM; GTM;
HTI; HND; MEX (Campeche,
Chiapas, Michoacán, Nayarit,
Oaxaca, Quintana Roo,
Tabasco, Veracruz, Yucatán);
NIC; PAN; PRI
68
Hura crepitans
Açacu/Sandbox
m, a
BHS; BOL; BRA; COL; CRI;
CUB; DOM; ECU; GUF; GUY;
HTI; HND; JAM; Leeward Is.;
NIC; PAN; PER; PRI;

65
List of Priority Tree Species
N
Botanical species name
Pilot/trade name
(Some)
reference data
exists or its
development
is underway
Important
trade
species
Priority
reasons
CITES
Appendix
IUCN red
list
category
Natural distribution area
Southwest Caribbean; SUR;
TTO; VEN; Windward Is.
69
Hymenaea parviflora
g
70
Hymenolobium elatum
Angelim
71
Jacaranda copaia (Aubl.)
D. Don
Parapará
g, a
t
72
Juglans boliviana
BOL; PER
73
Juglans olanchana
EN
CRI; NIC; GTM; HND; MEX
(Chiapas, Colima, Jalisco,
Puebla, Veracruz); SLV
74
Manilkara spp.
20 species
from NT to
CR
CUB; DOM; HTI; JAM; PRI;
CRI; BRA; GUY; VEN
75
Micropholis melinoniana
Curupixa
BLZ; BRA; CRI; ECU; GUF;
GTM; MEX; NIC; PAN; PER;
VEN
76
Pachira (Bombacopsis)
quinata
Pochote, Saqui-
saqui
g
x
COL; CRI; HND; NIC; PAN;
VEN
77
Peltogyne venosa
Pau
roxo/Purpleheart
BRA; VEN; GUY; GUF
78
Pinus radiata
t
EN
MEX
79
Platymiscium
pleiostachyum
Cachimbo,
Cristóbal, Ñambar
g
p
II
CR
CRI; SLV; NIC

66
List of Priority Tree Species
N
Botanical species name
Pilot/trade name
(Some)
reference data
exists or its
development
is underway
Important
trade
species
Priority
reasons
CITES
Appendix
IUCN red
list
category
Natural distribution area
80
Qualea spp.
Mandioqueira
x
2 species
VU
PER; SUR; BRA
81
Roupala spp.
Louro faia
5 species
from VU to
CR
TTO; ECU; PER
82
Ruizterania albiflora
Mandioqueira
BOL (Pando); GUY; SUR;
GUF; BRA (Amazonas)
83
Sextonia rubra
Louro
vermelho/Determa
BRA (Para, Amazonas,
Maranhao); VEN (Bolivar);
PER; GUY; SUR; GUF
84
Simarouba amara Aubl
Marupa
g, a
t
PER; BOL (Beni, La Paz); BRA;
ECU; GUY; SUR; GUF; VEN
(Amazonas, Bolivar, Delta
Amacuro); COL (Amazonas,
Antioquia, Arauca, Bolvar,
Caquet, Choc, Crdoba,
Guaina, Guaviare, Meta,
Putumayo, San Andrs,
Providencia y Santa Catalina,
Valle, Vichada)
85
Swartzia spp.
Coraçao de
negro/Panacoco
22 species
from DD to
CR
DMA; GRD; TTO; BLZ; CRI;
SLV; GTM; HND; MEX; NIC;
PAN; BOL; BRA; COL; ECU;
GUF; GUY; PER; SUR; VEN

67
List of Priority Tree Species
N
Botanical species name
Pilot/trade name
(Some)
reference data
exists or its
development
is underway
Important
trade
species
Priority
reasons
CITES
Appendix
IUCN red
list
category
Natural distribution area
86
Swietenia humilis
Mahogany
g, m, i
x
p
II
VU
BLZ; CRI; SLV; GTM; HND;
MEX; NIC; PAN
87
Swietenia macrophylla
Mahogany
g, m, a, i
x
p, lt, t
II
(Neotropics)
VU
BLZ; BOL; BRA (Acre,
Amazonas, Goiás, Maranhão,
Mato Grosso, Pará,
Rondônia, Tocantins); COL;
CRI; DMA; ECU; SLV; GUF;
GTM; GUY; HND; MEX
(Quintana Roo); NIC; PAN;
PER; VEN
88
Swietenia mahagoni
Mahogany
g, m, i
x
p, lt, t
II
EN
AIA; ATG; BHS; CYM; COL;
CUB; DMA; DOM; GRD; GLP;
JAM; MTQ; MSR; BLM; KNA;
LCA; MAF; VCT; TTO; TCA
89
Tabebuia rosea
Rosa moroda
g, a
lt, t
MEX; GTM; HND; BLZ; NIC;
PAN; COL; VEN; ECU; CRI;
SLV; BRA
90
Tipuana tipu
Tipa
ARG; URY; PRY; BRA; BOL
91
Virola spp.
3 species
from VU to
EN
CRI; PAN; BRA; ECU; GUF;
GUY; PER; SUR; VEN
92
Vouacapoua americana
Wacapou
CR
BRA; GUY; GUF; SUR
Europe

68
List of Priority Tree Species
N
Botanical species name
Pilot/trade name
(Some)
reference data
exists or its
development
is underway
Important
trade
species
Priority
reasons
CITES
Appendix
IUCN red
list
category
Natural distribution area
93
Betula spp.
Birch
t
6 species
from DD to
LC
BLR; UKR; ALB, AUT, BEL;
BIH; BGR; HRV; CZE; DNK;
EST; FIN; FRA; DEU; GRC;
HUN; ISL; IRL; ITA; LVA; LIE;
LTU; LUX; MKD; MNE; NLD;
NOR; POL; ROU; SRB, SVK;
SVN; ESP; SJM; SWE; CHE;
GBR
94
Castanea sativa
Chestnut
t
LC
ALB; ARM; AZE; BIH; HRV;
GEO; GRC (East Aegean Is.,
mainland); MKD; MNE; SRB;
SVN; SYR; TUR
95
Fagus spp.
Beech
t
2 species
LC
ALB; AUT; BEL; BGR; CZE;
DNK; EST; FRA; DEU; GRC;
HUN; ITA; LVA; LTU; MKD;
NLD; NOR; POL; ROU; ESP;
SWE; CHE; GBR
96
Fraxinus spp.
Ash
t
5 species
from DD to
CR
MDA; UKR; ALB; AUT; BEL;
BIH; BGR; HRV; CZE, DNK;
EST; FIN; FRA; DEU; GRC;
HUN; IRL; ITA; LVA; LTU;
LUX; MKD; MLT; MNE; NLD;
NOR; POL; PRT; ROU; SRB;
SVK; SVN; ESP; SWE; CHE;
GBR

69
List of Priority Tree Species
N
Botanical species name
Pilot/trade name
(Some)
reference data
exists or its
development
is underway
Important
trade
species
Priority
reasons
CITES
Appendix
IUCN red
list
category
Natural distribution area
97
Larix decidua
European larch
g
t
LC
AUT; CZE; FRA (mainland);
DEU; ITA; LIE; POL; ROU;
SVN; CHE; UKR
98
Picea abies
Spruce
lt, t
LC
ALB; AUT; BLR; BIH; BGR;
HRV; CZE; EST; FIN; FRA
(mainland); DEU; GRC
(mainland); HUN; ITA
(mainland); LVA; LTU; MKD;
MNE; NOR; POL; ROU; RUS
(Northwest European RUS,
North European RUS, East
European RUS, Central
European RUS); SRB; SVK;
SVN; SWE; CHE; UKR
99
Pinus cembra
Arolla Pine/Swiss
stone pine
g
p, s
LC
AUT; FRA (mainland); DEU;
ITA (mainland); LIE; MDA;
POL; ROU; SVK; CHE; UKR
(main part)
100
Pinus mugo
Mugo pine
g
p, s
LC
ALB; AUT; BIH; BGR; HRV;
CZE; FRA (mainland); DEU;
ITA (mainland); MKD; MNE;
POL; ROU; SRB; SVK; SVN;
CHE; UKR (main part)
101
Pinus nigra
Corsian pine
g
s
LC
ALB; AND; AUT; BIH; BGR;
HRV; CYP; FRA (Corsica);

70
List of Priority Tree Species
N
Botanical species name
Pilot/trade name
(Some)
reference data
exists or its
development
is underway
Important
trade
species
Priority
reasons
CITES
Appendix
IUCN red
list
category
Natural distribution area
GRC (East Aegean Is., Kriti);
ITA (Sicilia); MKD; MNE;
ROU; SRB; SVK; SVN; ESP;
TUR; UKR
102
Pinus pinaster
Maritime pine
t
LC
FRA (Corsica); GIB; ITA
(Sicilia, Sardegna); MCO;
PRT; ESP (Baleares)
103
Pinus sylvestris
Scots pine
g
lt, s, t
LC
ALB; ARM; AUT; BGR; CZE;
EST; FIN; FRA; GEO; DEU;
GRC; HUN; ITA; KAZ; LVA;
MDA; MNE; NOR; POL; ROU;
SRB; ESP; SWE; CHE; TUR;
UKR; GBR
104
Populus alba
White poplar
g
s
105
Populus tremula
European aspen
g
s
LC
ALB; DZA; AND; ARM; AUT;
BLR; BEL; BIH; BGR; HRV;
CZE; DNK; EST; FRO; FIN;
FRA; GEO; DEU; GIB; GRC
(Kriti); HUN; ISL; IRL; Isle of
Man; ITA; LVA; LIE; LTU; LUX;
MDA; MNE; NLD; NOR; POL;
PRT (Azores); ROU; SRB; SVK;
SVN; ESP (Baleares,
mainland); SJM; SWE; CHE;
TUR; UKR; GBR

71
List of Priority Tree Species
N
Botanical species name
Pilot/trade name
(Some)
reference data
exists or its
development
is underway
Important
trade
species
Priority
reasons
CITES
Appendix
IUCN red
list
category
Natural distribution area
106
Quercus petraea
Oak
g, m
t
LC
ALB; ARM; AUT; BLR; BEL;
BIH; BGR; HRV; CZE; DNK;
FRA (Corsica, mainland);
GEO; DEU; HUN; IRN; IRL;
ITA (mainland, Sicilia); LTU;
MKD; MNE; NLD; NOR; POL;
ROU; SRB; SVK; SVN; ESP
(mainland); CHE; UKR; GBR
107
Quercus robur
Oak
g, m
t
LC
ALB; ARM; AUT; BLR; BEL;
BIH; BGR; HRV; CZE; DNK;
EST; FIN; FRA (Corsica); GEO;
DEU; GRC (mainland); HUN;
IRL; ITA (mainland); LVA;
LTU; LUX; MKD; MDA; MNE;
NLD; NOR; POL; PRT
(mainland); ROU; SRB; SVK;
SVN; ESP; SWE; CHE; UKR;
GBR
108
Sorbus torminalis
p
LC
ALB; ARM; AUT; AZE; BEL;
BIH; BGR; HRV; CZE; DNK;
FRA (mainland); GEO; DEU;
GRC (mainland); HUN; ITA
(mainland, Sardegna, Sicilia);
MKD; MDA; MNE; POL; PRT
(mainland); ROU; SRB; SVK;

72
List of Priority Tree Species
N
Botanical species name
Pilot/trade name
(Some)
reference data
exists or its
development
is underway
Important
trade
species
Priority
reasons
CITES
Appendix
IUCN red
list
category
Natural distribution area
SVN; ESP (mainland); CHE;
TUR; UKR; GBR
North-America
109
Betula spp.
Birch
t
14 species
from LC to
CR
CAN; SPM; USA
110
Fagus spp.
Beech
t
1 species
LC
CAN; USA
111
Fraxinus spp.
Ash
t
16 species
from LC to
CR
CAN; USA
112
Populus balsamifera
Canadian poplar
g
s
113
Populus deltoides
Eastern
cottonwood
g
s
114
Populus fremontii
Fremont's
cottonwood
g
s
115
Populus grandidentata
Canadian poplar
g
USA; CAN
116
Populus tremuloides
Canadian aspen
g
s
USA; CAN
117
Populus trichocarpa
Black cottonwood
g
s
USA; CAN

www.globaltimbertrackingnetwork.org
The objective of the Global Timber Tracking Network (GTTN) is to promote the
operationalization of innovative tools for wood identification and origin
determination, to assist the fight against illegal logging and related trade
around the globe. GTTN is an open alliance that cooperates along a joint vision
and the network activities are financed through an open multi-donor approach.
GTTN phase 2 coordination (2017-2019) is financed by the German Federal
Ministry of Food and Agriculture (BMEL).