As an instrument of national integration, domestic television in many post-colonial countries has long neglected cultural
minorities. Transnational television via newer satellite and cable technologies has been able to target cross-border ethnic
groups which then constituted viable audience markets. Governments in Asia sought initially to control access to transnational
broadcasts out of
... [Show full abstract] paternalistic nationalism, but audiences and entrepreneurs have circumvented such policies. Thus over the
last decade the political economy of television in countries such as Malaysia, Philippines and Thailand have been transformed,
though in differing ways. Belated media deregulation has often led to alliances between business and political elites. This
paper argues that most policy developments in Asian television have been driven by business and government imperatives rather
than by civil society involvement.