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Antibiotic resistance and efflux pumps

Authors:
Eda Altınöz at Kastamonu University
Eda Altınöz
Ergin Murat Altuner at Kastamonu University
Ergin Murat Altuner
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Abstract

The main purpose of this manuscript is to review the resistance against antibiotics and efflux pumps, one of the mechanisms important in resistance against antibiotics. As a definition, the resistance against antibiotics is accepted as the capability of a microorganism to resist the activity of antimicrobials, which were successfully used to kill the microorganism once. Antibiotic resistance is characterized by several antibiotic susceptibility tests. The wide consumption of antibiotics; the over prescription of antimicrobial drugs by medical doctors; unnecessary, incorrect and inadequate self-medication by the patient and use of several antimicrobial agents either to support a healthy growth or therapeutic purposes in animals consumed as food triggered severe antibiotic resistance. Therefore, the resistance against antimicrobials became a considerable, widespread issue in all around the world and the studies have been initiated to overcome the resistance against antibiotics. There are several different mechanisms, which could lead bacteria to be resistant overtime. One of the mechanism of action, which leads to antibiotic resistance, is efflux pumps. Several efflux pump inhibitors were discovered until now, but since some of them are highly cytotoxic, they have very limited use. Understanding efflux pumps and discovering new inhibitors against these pumps could probably save the future of human beings.
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2nd International Eurasian Conference on
Biological and Chemical Sciences
(EurasianBioChem 2019)
28-29 June 2019, Ankara, Turkey
www. EurasianBioChem.org
ORAL PRESENTATION
157
Antibiotic resistance and efflux pumps
Eda Altinöz1*, Ergin Murat Altuner2
*1Kastamonu University, Faculty of Science and Arts, Department of Biology, Kastamonu, Turkey
2Kastamonu University, Faculty of Science and Arts, Department of Biology, Kastamonu, Turkey
*Corresponding author e-mail: altinozedaa@gmail.com
Abstract
The main purpose of this manuscript is to review the resistance against antibiotics and efflux pumps, one of the
mechanisms important in resistance against antibiotics. As a definition, the resistance against antibiotics is accepted
as the capability of a microorganism to resist the activity of antimicrobials, which were successfully used to kill the
microorganism once. Antibiotic resistance is characterized by several antibiotic susceptibility tests. The wide
consumption of antibiotics; the over prescription of antimicrobial drugs by medical doctors; unnecessary, incorrect
and inadequate self-medication by the patient and use of several antimicrobial agents either to support a healthy
growth or therapeutic purposes in animals consumed as food triggered severe antibiotic resistance. Therefore, the
resistance against antimicrobials became a considerable, wide-spread issue in all around the world and the studies
have been initiated to overcome the resistance against antibiotics. There are several different mechanisms, which
could lead bacteria to be resistant overtime. One of the mechanism of action, which leads to antibiotic resistance, is
efflux pumps. Several efflux pump inhibitors were discovered until now, but since some of them are highly
cytotoxic, they have very limited use. Understanding efflux pumps and discovering new inhibitors against these
pumps could probably save the future of human beings.
Keywords: Antibiotic resistance, efflux pumps, inhibitors
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