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The Arc of Love: How Our Romantic Lives Change over Time

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Abstract

Is love best when it is fresh? For many, the answer is a resounding “yes.” The intense experiences that characterize new love are impossible to replicate, leading us to reflect on these moments with longing and pursue the thrill offered by these beginnings. Aaron Ben-Ze’ev takes these experiences seriously, but he’s also here to remind us of the benefits of profound love—an emotion that can only develop with time. In The Arc of Love, he provides an in-depth, philosophical account of the experiences that arise in early, intense love—sexual passion, novelty, change—as well as the benefits of cultivating long-term, profound love—stability, development, calmness. Ben-Ze’ev analyzes the core of emotions we experience in early love and the challenges we encounter, and he offers pointers for weathering these challenges. Deploying the rigorous analysis of a philosopher, but writing clearly and in an often humorous style with an eye to lived experience, he takes on topics like compromise, commitment, polyamory, choosing a partner, online dating, and when to say “I love you.” Ultimately, Ben-Ze’ev assures us, while love is indeed best when fresh, if we tend to it carefully, it can become more delicious and nourishing even as time marches on.
The Arc of Love: How Our Romantic Lives Change over Time
Aaron Ben-Ze’ev
The University of Chicago Press, 2019
Is love best when it is fresh? For many, the answer is a resounding “yes.” The intense
experiences that characterize new love are impossible to replicate, leading us to reflect
on these moments with longing and pursue the thrill offered by these beginnings.
Aaron Ben-Ze’ev takes these experiences seriously, but he’s also here to remind us of
the benefits of profound love—an emotion that can only develop with time. In The Arc of
Love, he provides an in-depth, philosophical account of the experiences that arise in
early, intense love—sexual passion, novelty, change—as well as the benefits of
cultivating long-term, profound love—stability, development, calmness. Ben-Ze’ev
analyzes the core of emotions we experience in early love and the challenges we
encounter, and he offers pointers for weathering these challenges. Deploying the
rigorous analysis of a philosopher, but writing clearly and in an often humorous style with
an eye to lived experience, he takes on topics like compromise, commitment, polyamory,
choosing a partner, online dating, and when to say “I love you.” Ultimately, Ben-Ze’ev
assures us, while love is indeed best when fresh, if we tend to it carefully, it can become
more delicious and nourishing even as time marches on.
“Aaron Ben-Ze’ev’s new book The Arc of Love is an enthralling account of why so many
people today end up in a series of meaningless short-term relationships, hoping that one
day they will meet their perfect match. But Ben-Ze’ev doesn’t settle for identifying the
root cause of why we are having trouble finding profound long-lasting love. Throughout
the book he offers practical advice that can help you get rid of your unrealistic ideals and
show you how you can come to experience the magic of being able to grow old with the
person you love.”—Berit “Brit” Brogaard, author of On Romantic Love
“It is important, when contemplating the nature of love, to remember that every romantic
love relationship, like the people involved in it, has a history. Love is not static; it is a
thing with a story, a thing that takes place in time. Aaron Ben-Ze’ev’s wide-ranging new
book, The Arc of Love, which focuses on this aspect of love, will be of interest to
philosophers, psychologists, and others who are doing their best to think adequately
about this significant, meaningful, very human phenomenon.”—Troy Jollimore, author of
Syllabus of Errors
The Arc of Love is a deeply thoughtful analysis that weaves together psychological
insights with philosophy, neuroscience, sociology, economics, pop culture, literature, and
real stories from real people to show how profound and enduring long-term romantic
love is achievable. It untangles a dense web of unhelpful myths, mysteries, and
assumptions about love and gives us an arsenal of handy intellectual tools with which to
open up new romantic possibilities. It also strikes a playful balance between serious
scholarly inquiry and almost poetic prose that makes it delightfully readable and, at
times, laugh-out-loud funny. Ben-Ze’ev’s optimism about keeping and enhancing
romantic and personal flourishing is contagious and inspiring.”—Skye Cleary, author of
Existentialism and Romantic Love
... This is a rare commodity in our highly competitive, achievement-oriented society. Hence, these attitudes are not high on the list of cherished attitudes in our society (Ben-Ze'ev, 2019;Rinofner-Kreidl, 2018). ...
... In trait adaptation, some of the partner's characteristics, which were initially seen as very positive or very negative, come to be evaluated more moderately. Romantic breakups are often traceable to properties that have a low score on the noncomparative suitability scale that become more evident with time rather than to properties that have a low score on the comparative nonrelational scale, which people may adapt to (Ben-Ze'ev, 2019). ...
... ' 6 In reaction to this, some authors have tried to reconcile marriage and love by showing how marriage can deepen love, as Aaron Ben-Ze'ev suggests that 'profound love' requires durability. 7 Others see the discrepancy of love and marriage as an evidence for marriage's restraining force on the autonomy of the individual or the emancipation of social groups, as feminist and queer critiques have demonstrated how the marital institution was and still is one of the foremost means of oppressing women and LGBT-communities. 8 In this paper, I propose a different road. ...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
This paper is about marital love. That is, rather than analysing the already widely discussed legitimacy of the institution of marriage, I will try to give an account of the specific type of romantic love that underlies love marriages but which is not dependent on these institutional structures. This marital love can be analysed as the peculiar promise of infinite love between two or more finite persons. On first sight such a promise appears to be an absurdity that contravenes the most basal rationality. However, one must acknowledge that the promise of marital love remains meaningful for many people in Western societies today, as even those who never officially get married in a registry office still often employ the infinity idiom of platitudes like ‘I love you forever’, ‘you are everything to me’, ‘I will never let you go’. Are these expressions of marital love pure nonsense or do they conceal a strong passion that is indeed too great and too indefinite for the vocabulary of finitude? In this paper, I will try to analyse what one could possibly signify by the promise of everlasting love and how this promise could be meaningfully performed within a finite life. In the first section, I will trace the idea of infinite love back to some metaphysical discussions around emergence of the ideal of love marriage among the German idealists and Jena romanticists. Subsequently, by the help of the speech act theory of John Searle, I will try to understand how this ideal of infinite love could be made into a promise. In the third part, I will attempt to justify the meaning of marital love with the help of Kant’s division of modalities, as well as Kierkegaard’s concepts of passion (Lidenskab), repetition (Gjentagelsen) and the moment (Øjeblik). In short, I will propose that, instead of viewing the marital promise as referring to an expected reality, it is more fruitful to see it as the directedness of a passionate necessity that discloses the world in an indeterminate way. By doing this, I try to demonstrate that marital love is eminently compatible with the ideal of personal autonomy.
... try every such alternative, is contrary to the values relating to who we are. However, extreme rigidity is likely to break us (Ben-Ze'ev, 2019). ...
Article
Full-text available
Two major features of emotions are their personal, interested nature and the centrality of the self-other relation. There seems to be a built-in tension between the two: this is evident, for example, in negative emotions such as envy and hate, where one person has a significant negative attitude toward another. This tension is also obvious in positive emotions, such as schadenfreude, where an individual is pleased about the other's misfortune. Such tension may even be greater in romantic love, where the lover should give special attention and status to the beloved. The tension gains further momentum when we assume that self-fulfillment is an essential feature of romantic relationships. Indeed, it seems that in many low-quality romantic relations, the tension between self-fulfillment and the needs of the beloved is real and toxic. However, in enduring profound love, which involves the personal growth of each partner, self-fulfillment is not egoistic, and the tension drives mutual thriving. Duas importantes características das emoções são sua natureza pessoal e interessada e a centralidade da relação si próprio-outro. Parece haver uma tensão incorporada entre as duas: isso fica evidente, por exemplo, em emoções negativas como inveja e ira, quando
Chapter
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Romantic love, our most complex emotion, includes various puzzles that impede the achievement of enduring, profound love. These related puzzles involve two opposing poles on a given continuum, yet both seem necessary for enduring, profound love. I discuss here a few of the major opposing poles, which I gather into three main groups: (a) Temporality: change-familiarity; consummation-perpetuation; (b) Freedom: freedom-bondage; belonging-possessing; (c) The good-fortune of the partner: jealousy-compersion. Coping with these conflicts requires several conceptual distinctions; the key ones discussed here are the distinction between romantic intensity and romantic profundity and the distinction between extrinsically and intrinsically valuable activities. While admitting the presence of the opposing poles, I argue that in profound love, these poles can coexist. Such coexistence has significant consequences for the nature of romantic relationships, for instance, admitting the presence of romantic ambivalence and indifference and acknowledging the value of brief, casual sexual encounters.
Chapter
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In this chapter, I discuss two major opposing emotions toward the beneficial romantic fortune of another person: jealousy, which negatively evaluates this fortune, and compersion, which positively evaluates it. The first section briefly discusses the group of emotions relating to the good fortune of others, while focusing on jealousy. The second section discusses the emotion of compersion, while arguing that it can be perceived as involving sexual and romantic generosity. The third section describes various forms of polyamory and examines major issues related to polyamory, such as the hierarchy between different partners, whether polyamory spreads love too thin and the overall quality of polyamorous relationships. The fourth section discusses the nature of jealousy and compersion in polyamory. Both emotions are present in polyamory—though more typically, a mild form of jealousy can be seen, while compersion takes a more enhanced form.
Article
For romantic couples, posting romantic gift pictures on social network sites has become a tool for public declarations of love. This research investigates how self-construal influences recipients’ romantic gift-posting behavior across three popular social network sites (Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter) at the country and individual levels. In the first two of three studies, we demonstrate that interdependent self-construal participants are more likely to post romantic gift pictures on Facebook and Instagram, but not on Twitter, than independent self-construal participants because the former group feels that the gifts represent themselves (on Facebook) and they want to flaunt their status (on Instagram). The third study reveals the moderating effects of gift types (experiential vs. material) on the romantic gift-posting behavior between independent and interdependent self-construals across SNSs. This research highlights the need to develop a better understanding of information sharing behavior on social network sites among romantic couples from different cultures as well as those within a culture. Theoretical and managerial implications are also discussed.
Article
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When it comes to eggs, two aspects are central—taste and nutritional value. And it is when eggs are fresh that these are at their peak. Hate “tastes” worst, that is, its negative intensity is highest, when it is fresh. Yet, when hate is not merely a temporary eruption but a constant feature, it distorts the agent’s behavior and attitudes. As such, its moral value worsens with maturity.
Article
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In this reply, I discuss some important issues raised in two commentaries. One relates to the distinction between hate and revenge, which also touches upon the more general problem of the usefulness of distinguishing between various related emotions. I argue that emotion researchers need to define specific emotions carefully in order to be able to examine such emotions without necessarily using emotion words. A second comment focusses on the factors influencing the development of hate over time. The question is whether there is an intrapersonal mechanism leading to an increase or decrease of hate over time. I think it is the social environment that is essential in the maintenance of hate.
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