No full-text available
To read the full-text of this research,
you can request a copy directly from the authors.
Complementing or substituting? News in an era of multiple platforms and second screens
Abstract
This exploratory study inquires into the validity and reliability of dedicated mobile phone diary applications. We developed Watchy, a dedicated mobile viewing diary application, and compared users’ compliance and usage patterns with those of users of the paper viewing diaries. Participants received paper diaries or installed mobile diary apps, with or without daily reminders, to document their viewings over a 4-day period. Documentation was more extensive in the smartphone app with reminder group compared to the paper diary group. Reminders increased documentation rates. Extent of documentation decreased as the experiment progressed for mobile app users. Findings suggest that mobile viewing diaries are an important tool for viewing studies, yet their use requires careful planning.
... Fourth, it should also be borne in mind that travel multitaskers can be at various places within a vehicle and perform tasks involving a variety of information modalities, and that our participants frequently switched their attention among many displays, including but not limited to the devices they were using for their tasks-athand and vehicle-mounted electronic scroll screens. As such, we recommend that public-transit services recognize this increasingly prevalent second-screen phenomenon [39,40] and diversify the channels whereby real-time updates about a vehicle's current location, speed, and/or upcoming destinations can be accessed by its passengers. This could be accomplished via browsers, ofcial transit-service apps, third-party apps, and vehicle-mounted physical displays of existing and new types. ...
... What is the place of multitasking, as well as second screen activities, within the news consumption process? (Baumgartner & Sumter, 2017;Lee & Lee, 2015;Lev-On & Lowenstein-Barkai, 2019;Lowenstein-Barkai & Lev-On, 2018;Rideout, 2016;Voorveld & Viswanathan, 2015;Westlund & Färdigh, 2011). ...
בעידן הדיגיטלי התרחבו האפשרויות לצרוך תוכן באופן סימולטני, למשל האפשרות לגלוש באינטרנט תוך כדי צפייה במסך טלוויזיה. לסגנון זה של צריכת תוכן יש חשיבות מיוחדת כאשר התוכן הראשי הנצפה הוא תוכן חדשותי: מצד אחד, פעולות סימולטניות הקשורות לתוכן הראשי )פעולות שנעשות במסך שני( עשויות להגביר את המעורבות הפוליטית של צרכני החדשות; מצד שני, פעולות תקשורת סימולטניות שאינן קשורות לתוכן הראשי )ריבוי משימות תקשורת( עשויות לפגוע בקשב של הצופה. קהל צעיר נבדל מקהל מבוגר בדפוסי צריכת התקשורת שלו. ברם, למרות הפוטנציאל של פעילויות המסך השני להגברת ההשתתפות הפוליטית של צעירים, ואף על פי שמתבגרים הם "משתמשים כבדים" בתקשורת הדיגיטלית, אין כמעט נתונים על ממדי התופעה. כמו כן, כמעט אין מחקרים השוואתיים שבחנו את צריכת סרטוני החדשות של מתבגרים לעומת מבוגרים. באמצעות שימוש ביישומון סלולרי ייעודי ניתח המחקר כיצד צרכו מתבגרים ומבוגרים ישראלים סרטוני חדשות בעידן של מסכים שניים. ממצאי המחקר מראים שמתבגרים צורכים באופן מובהק פחות תוכן וידאו חדשותי ממבוגרים, שהם משתמשים בטלפונים חכמים יותר ממבוגרים, ושהם מעורבים בהיקפים גדולים יותר בפעילות מסך שני לעומת מבוגרים. בסיום המאמר ייבחנו השלכות הממצאים על המתבגרים בסביבת התקשורת העכשווית.
Second screen use is becoming increasingly popular among young people. We have grounded on “Uses and Gratifications” approach. We have thoroughly investigated the questions of (a) which devices are used as second screens (b) with which TV programs they are used and (c) with what kind of motivations they are used by generation Z members who still watch TV. We have analysed the data obtained through questionnaries with college students via SPSS. Generation Z mainly uses smart phones as second screens. Music programs are the most watched type of thematic program together with second screen. The women use their second screens for watching series, shopping at the utmost while the men use them while watching sports programs. Generation Z prefers using “smart phone with computer” as the second screen much more. The motivation behind using “computer and smart phone” together must be probed in the following studies.
People tend to utilize multiple social network sites (SNSs) simultaneously to maintain some social relationships, which results that there are many overlapping relationships and interactions among SNSs. Although many studies have focused on social interaction and cross-SNS user footprint analysis and understanding, little research investigates social interaction from a perspective of two or more SNSs, and the interplay of interaction among SNSs has been unknown. In this paper, we aim to explore whether interaction building in a new SNS hinders the interaction frequency in an existing site, and if so, what kinds of users and relationships’ interactions are more or less likely to be affected. For these questions, we sampled 7,015 pairs of overlapping identities, 23,590 pairs of overlapping relationships and 6,771 pairs of overlapping interactions from Weibo and Douban and made analysis by combining multiple methods like Regression Discontinuity Design and Random-effects Negative Binomial Regression model. Our results suggest that no matter from the perspective of individuals or from the perspective of relationships, interaction construction in a new SNS is detrimental to interaction frequency in an existing site. Based on our findings, we also propose several valuable insights about how to enhance social interaction and promote its retention when users are involved into interacting practice in multiple platforms.
Second screening is a widespread activity among users, although many are not aware of the term, and second screen applications are becoming increasingly popular in research and commercial use, from well-known examples such as Netflix, Amazon Prime Video or YouTube to applications that enable novel uses cases and have the potential to change the current usage behavior of the content on the first screen. Despite the increasing prevalence of this phenomenon, there are different interpretations in the relevant literature and in existing applications about what exactly is meant by the term second screen. In order to evaluate these different interpretations, we conducted a structured review of literature (SRL) on 65 publications in this area and reflected the results on an analysis of currently available second screen applications to precisely delineate the term and its characteristics. Furthermore, we derived a content and technical classification that will make it easier to manage the various benefits and characteristics of second screen applications in the future, to create a framework for the appropriate positioning of new research activities and reasoned basis for discussion.
The use of a secondary device alongside a first screen, such as a television, is referred to as second screening and is generally considered as a common and widespread behavior. With the advent of smart first screens (smart TVs, set-top boxes, streaming sticks, etc.), this type of activity gained a new perspective in the form of connected second screen applications such as YouTube, Netflix, or Amazon Prime Video which enable functionalities such as the display of additional information or remote control aspects on the second screen. The design of these distributed applications is difficult because the user's attention cannot be focused on both parts at the same time, which is why this paper presents two eye-tracking studies investigating this problem. The studies examined on the one hand the general viewing behavior with second screen applications and on the other hand the targeted directing of attention to the first and second screens. From these results, recommendations for the design of second screen applications are derived and presented, with the aim that the two application parts complement each other rather than competing for the user's attention.
[Online available at http://www.participations.org/Volume%209/Issue%202/contents.htm]
This article proposes the concept of media repertoires as an instrument to overcome two challenges for research on media use: On the one hand it stresses the fact that individual patterns of media use include a composition of different media and that the way how the components of these repertoires are interrelated is a key to understanding people’s media use. On the other hand it provides a conceptual framework that allows integrating quantitative and qualitative empirical work and thus overcoming the gap between large scale quantitative research on media use and small scale qualitative research on the subjective meaning of particular practices. This is demonstrated by a project on patterns of media use in Germany that combined a quantitative and qualitative part. Findings show how this kind of approach can provide a rich basis for understanding today’s media related practices.
This study explored how media technologies, TV content genres, and demographic and trait individual differences influence the amount of media multitasking while viewing TV, or “second screen viewing,” among college undergraduates. A dual structural and audience factor approach examines influences on multitasking while viewing TV, and a limited capacity theory guides an examination of the effect of TV genre on multitasking while viewing. Survey data reveal that media technology access, sex, age, trait immersive tendency, and multitasking preference predict greater multitasking and that individuals are most likely to multitask during sports content and least likely to during dramatic content.
This study examines the factors that influence time spent with different genres of television content in the contemporary media environment. An integrated framework of television use, incorporating both situational and individual determinants, is tested on data obtained by observing the cross-platform media use of 495 individuals in the United States. The findings indicate that even in this high-choice media environment, situational factors such as availability and group viewing moderate the roles of individual traits and needs. In addition, the study reveals the complementary relationship between entertainment and news, and the substitution of these genres on live television by time-shifted television.
Media users receive an overwhelmingly large supply of media content from multiple media, yet much research on media use examines the use of a single medium. This study investigates patterns of media use across multiple media platforms by taking a media repertoire approach. Using single-source data that merge television peoplemeter data and a survey on other media use of the same respondents, this study identifies five distinctive media repertoires (TV-Oriented Entertainment, Internet Only, News on Traditional Media, Tabloid Newspapers, and Cable TV Only). This study finds significant differences in user background characteristics, total news media use, political interest, and political knowledge among representative users of each media repertoire. Regression analyses on factor scores reveal that media repertoires are explained by individual and structural factors of media choice discussed in previous research. The implications for future research on media repertoires as news, information, and entertainment sources are discussed.
This study extends past research on news repertoires by examining how individuals combine news exposure across an array of media platforms and content. Results from a national survey reveal 6 distinct news repertoires. While some respondents have clear ideologically driven repertoires, others have repertoires that are best described as medium-centric. A closer look at socio-demographic factors and participation levels among the 6 news repertoires are also explored. Results shed light on the democratic implications of the high-choice media landscape and research on news exposure and effects.
News is increasingly being consumed on a multitude of media devices, including mobile devices. In recent years, mobile news consumption has permeated individuals’ news consumption repertoires. The main purpose of this study is twofold: (a) gain insight in how mobile news outlets infiltrated the broader news media repertoires of mobile device owners and (b) understand in what circumstances mobile news is consumed within these news media repertoires. The key is to understand how and why this widening agency in appropriating various places and social spaces in everyday life relates to general news media consumption (Peters, 2012). This two-phased study aims to illuminate how mobile device owners position their mobile news consumption in relation to other types of news media outlets. First, a guiding cluster analysis of a large-scale questionnaire (N = 1279) was performed, indicating three types of news consumers. Second, in order to thicken the originally derived clusters, a mixed-method study was set up, combining objective data originating from mobile device logs with more subjective audience constructions through personal diaries and face-to-face interviews (N = 30). This study reveals the Janus-faced nature of mobile news. On the one hand, the majority of news consumers dominantly relies on traditional media outlets to stay informed, only to supplement with online mobile services in specific circumstances. Even then, there is at least a tendency to stick to trusted brand materials. On the other hand, these mobile news outlets/products do seem to increasingly infiltrate the daily lives of mobile audiences who were previously disengaged with news.
This study responds to the need for research on individuals' media multitasking behavior using observational data. Media multitasking can have a profound impact on media processing and effects. However, we have little knowledge on when people are likely to engage in media multitasking and, consequently, when these effects are likely to occur. This study examines how three important situational factors—television genres, dayparts, and social viewing—influence the amount of media multitasking. Granular observational data obtained by directly monitoring and recording media consumption behaviors of a large panel at 10-second intervals are used for the analysis. The study reveals that media multitasking with television is most prevalent when people watch sports or engage in channel surfing and less prevalent with commercials, news, and entertainment. Furthermore, the extent of media multitasking is greater in the morning and afternoon than in the evening, and also greater when individuals watch television alone than in the presence of others. Daypart differences are larger for genres associated with incidental viewing (commercials and channel surfing) than for genres associated with intentional viewing (news, entertainment, and sports). Sports is the only genre that is associated with higher amounts of media multitasking when watching television with others.
The recent trend of media convergence poses serious challenges to existing theoretical frameworks, such as uses and gratifications and the agenda-setting theories, for media choice and effects. This study adopts a repertoire approach to news consumption in the complex contemporary media environment. This approach emphasizes patterns of multiple media use, rather than single media selection, for accessing the news. A computer-aided telephone survey with representative samples from three advanced media markets in China shows that a majority of the survey respondents employ multiple media platforms for news consumption. Users' interest in and availability to news affects the size of their repertoires. Their perceptions of news source credibility influence their news media choice that results in different compositions of the repertoires. An exploratory factor analysis identifies both complementary and converging patterns of media use by the respondents. Finally, the difference in the internal architecture of the repertoires occasioned by the choice of media is associated with diverging news agendas among the news audience.
Despite the explosive potential for revenue growth on the Internet, research suggests that the advertising industry remains perplexed about how to reach consumers in this new medium. Drawing from several bodies of literature including diffusion, motivation, and media substitution theories, this study explores potential predictors for online service adoption. Findings indicate that the cognitive and affective gratification-seeking factors were the strongest predictors of likely online service adoption. By contrast, whereas adopter attributes were moderate predictors, the existing adoption cluster and media use attributes were both weak predictors of likely online service adoption.
Examining several sources of data on smartphone use, this paper presents evidence for the popular conjecture that mobile devices
are “habit-forming.” The form of habits we identified is called a checking habit: brief, repetitive inspection of dynamic content quickly accessible on the device. We describe findings on kinds and frequencies
of checking behaviors in three studies. We found that checking habits occasionally spur users to do other things with the
device and may increase usage overall. Data from a controlled field experiment show that checking behaviors emerge and are
reinforced by informational “rewards” that are very quickly accessible. Qualitative data suggest that although repetitive
habitual use is frequent, it is experienced more as an annoyance than an addiction. We conclude that supporting habit-formation
is an opportunity for making smartphones more “personal” and “pervasive.”
Dual screening—the complex bundle of practices that involve integrating, and switching across and between, live broadcast media and social media—is now routine for many citizens during important political media events. But do these practices shape political engagement, and if so, why? We devised a unique research design combining a large-scale Twitter dataset and a custom-built panel survey focusing on the broadcast party leaders' debates held during the 2014 European Parliament elections in the United Kingdom. We find that relatively active, “lean-forward” practices, such as commenting live on social media as the debate unfolded, and engaging with conversations via Twitter hashtags, have the strongest and most consistent positive associations with political engagement.
This book will explore the questions raised by the technological developments that have encouraged the multiplication of TV channels. TV is moving through a period of rapid change. Governments around the world are switching from analogue to digital forms of transmission to further expand the amount of content that TV signals can carry. At the same time, competition for eyeballs has also grown from outside that traditional marketplace with the emergence of the Internet. The roll-out of broadband and increased bandwidth has had the greatest impact on television because online technology can readily convey the same content. All these changes have created a great deal more competition for viewers within the traditional TV marketplace. The Internet has proven to be especially popular with young people who have adopted its applications to a far greater extent than their elders, though even the latter have now begun to take up online activities in significant numbers. Are these audiences the same? Do people make a choice between these two media or do they use them both at different times and for different reasons? Can television utilise the Internet in profitable ways to enhance its market position? Will television have to evolve from its current state to provide the kinds of content reception services to which people have become accustomed in the online world? If it does need to change to survive, will this nevertheless mean a radical new configuration of content and the disappearance of 'channels' with fixed, pre-determined programme schedules?
As people increasingly access movies, user-created content, and linear television programs through the Internet, scholars are paying attention to the effect of online video services on various media markets, including the broadcasting market. Focusing on South Korea, this study examines how changes in the time spent on online video services affect the time spent on other media: terrestrial TV, pay TV, terrestrial DMB, radio, SNSs, games, newspapers, and books. This study also examines how this time displacement effect of online videos on other media differs across various video content categories. The results show that an increase in the time spent on online video services reduces the time spent on cable TV and games. Among the online video content categories, broadcast network programs and cable network programs reduced the time spent on cable TV, and movies reduced the time spent on games. Moreover, the amount of time spent viewing online videos reduced the time spent on non-media activities but increased sleeping time.
Openness to experience is known to be an independent predictor of online political behavior, although the degree to which this relationship is influenced by other factors has not been tested. One objective of this study was to test whether the relationship between openness to experience and the propensity to engage in online political participation is mediated by internal political efficacy and hours spent consuming news. The second objective was to determine if a preference for different news sources would be related to a willingness to participate in online political behavior. University students (n = 419) were assessed on willingness to engage in online political participation, hours dedicated to news consumption, preference for different news sources, and internal political efficacy. Our results showed that openness to experience was related to a willingness to engage in online participation, and this was mediated by hours spent consuming news and internal political efficacy (95% confidence interval [CI] = [.0048, .32]). A preference for both semipublic and private news sources was related to greater internal efficacy (95% CI = [.2347, 1.4799]), which was in turn related to a greater propensity to engage in online political participation. These findings highlight the potential importance of news consumption for a propensity toward online political engagement.
This article presents and discusses three different approaches to the exploration of the cross-media challenges facing news audiences, as they seek access to, navigate in and make sense of the multitude of news sources across print, broadcasting, online and mobile media platforms. From a modernized uses and gratifications perspective, based on the notion of “worthwhileness” as the determinant of people's everyday selections from the “supermarket of news”, the article first reports from a longitudinal survey study in Denmark in which the author's foundational mapping of cross-media news consumption in pre-mobile 2008 is compared with replicating mappings carried out in 2011 and 2012, in a collaborative project between academics and news publishers. The analytical interest here focuses on the fluctuations between traditional news media and the surging digital news outlets of the internet and mobile devices. Secondly, the article summarizes the findings of a qualitative study of citizens' news repertoires, which was fortified with a quantitative factor analysis in order to find patterns in people's news consumption. Thirdly, findings are presented from a 2013 study that explored ubiquitous news consumption, asking respondents to specify the nexus of news platform and location of use.
This 4th edition of Ratings Analysis describes and explains the current audience information system that supports economic exchange in both traditional and evolving electronic media markets. Responding to the major changes in electronic media distribution and audience researchin recent years, Ratings Analysis provides a thoroughly updated presentation of the ratings industry and analysis processes. It serves as a practical guide for conducting audience research, offering readers the tools for becoming informed and discriminating consumers of audience information. This updated edition covers: • International markets, reflecting the growth in audience research businesses with the expansion of advertising into new markets such as China. • Emerging technologies, reflecting the ever increasing ways to deliver advertising electronically and through new channels (social media, Hulu). • Illustrates applications of audience research in advertising, programming, financial analysis, and social policy;. • Describes audience research data and summarizes the history of audience measurement, the research methods most often used, and the kinds of ratings research products currently available; and. • Discusses the analysis of audience data by offering a framework within which to understand mass media audiences and by focusing specifically to the analysis of ratings data. Appropriate for all readers needing an in-depth understanding of audience research, including those working in advertising, electronic media, and related industries, Ratings Analysis also has much to offer academics and policy makers as well as students of mass media.
With the introduction of multichannel video programming distributors and different types of video platforms, consumers have more choices of channels and platforms than ever. Specifically, the present study focuses on television and the Internet as video platforms.Given the dynamics of the video programming industry, this study examines (1) how motives for watching video content predict intention to use television and intention to use the Internet as a video platform, (2) how the motives for watching a particular video content genre differ by video platform types, and (3) how audience’s choice of video content genres differs by video platform types. A survey method was used to obtain data for this study. Before the main survey was conducted, a pilot test was undertaken to test the wording of the questionnaire and reliability of items for constructs. A total of 149 students at a large university located in the southern part of the country participated in the main survey. The study reveals that motives for viewing the same genre of video content differ according to video platform types. It also discovers the underlying reason behind the popularity of certain genres online.
This paper proposes and develops a model of audience evolution. The concept of audience evolution in this case refers to the notion that the dominant framework employed by media industry stakeholders (content producers, distributors, advertisers, media buyers, etc.) to conceptualize the audience evolves in response to environmental changes. These environmental changes primarily involve technological changes that simultaneously transform the dynamics of media consumption as well as the dynamics of gathering information on various dimensions of audience behavior. These technological changes also interact with one another, in that the technological changes that affect the dynamics of media consumption also simultaneously provide new means of gathering information on previously umeasurable aspects of audience behavior. These technological changes, and their economic and strategic implications, are then filtered through a process of stakeholder resistance and negotiation, out of which new institutionalized conceptualizations of the media audience emerge. This paper asserts a causal relationship between the decline of traditional exposure metrics and the emergence of alternative conceptualizations of audience behavior. That is, the extent to which the fragmentation of the media environment is undermining the long-institutionalized exposure-focused conceptualization of the audience is creating an environment of exploration of – and receptivity toward – alternative conceptualizations of the audience that are derived from dimensions of audience behavior that are better capturable in today’s increasingly fragmented, increasingly interactive media environment. This pattern suggests that the institutionalized audience is a very malleable construct; something that evolves in response to environmental conditions in order to facilitate the continued functioning of the audience marketplace.
Given the rising popularity of online video platforms in recent years, this study addresses the plausible cannibalization effect of online video platforms on television. It does so by examining the perceived substitutability between online video platforms and television. A national survey revealed differences between online video platforms and television in terms of consumer motivations for video content consumption. Non-users of online video platforms are also more likely than users of online video platforms to perceive online video platforms as a substitute for television.
This study investigated the impact of online media on other media and family communication. Data gathered from 185 persons in 84 households indicate that time spent in television viewing, newspaper reading, telephone usage, and family conversations is affected by online use. Usage of online media is significantly different among genders and generations. A process of functional displacement may be occurring in which television is being gradually displaced by online media as the primary source of information.
Nielsen Media Research's introduction of the local people meter (LPM) audience measurement service has encountered substantial resistance from industry stakeholders, politicians and sectors of the minority advocacy community. Much of this resistance has focused on the issue of the possible impact of audience measurement on the diversity of sources and content available to the television audience. This article examines the diversity policy concerns surrounding Nielsen Media Research's introduction of the LPM. The article explores whether the LPM represents a legitimate threat to source and content diversity, or whether the diversity principle has been largely co-opted in support of other economic and policy considerations of certain industry stakeholders.
This article sets out to provide a conceptual contribution to theoretical and empirical work on the level of media repertoires. We will first discuss theoretical approaches which allow for an explanation of media repertoires and relate them to the most prominent approaches to selective audience behavior. Secondly, in order to empirically analyze media repertoires we propose a combination of secondary analyses of existing surveys on media use and qualitative studies on the internal ‘architecture’ of these repertoires and their practical meaning in the user’s everyday life. These proposals for secondary analyses are illustrated by two examples based on different data sets and referring to different levels of analysis.
In search of a better understanding of young people’s news media consumption in a European high-media environment, this study analysed the role of uses and gratifications motivations in driving time spent with television news, newspapers, and online news sites, while controlling for the effects of possible influential socio-demographics. Our findings confirmed that the need to get information about the world or one’s environment is the strongest uses and gratifications predictor for time spent on television news, newspapers, and online news sites. Nevertheless, young people’s news consumption is also driven by ‘diversion’ needs. Especially television news, which young people also watch to escape from the daily routine or to be entertained. One of the conclusions we can draw from these results is that traditional and online news platforms, although serving some needs that are mutually exclusive, overall are being consulted in search of the same gratifications, respectively information/surveillance and diversion gratifications. Nevertheless, the use of online news was not found to diminish the use of traditional news platforms. On the contrary, we found that the use of television news enhanced the use of online news and vice versa. These findings confirm young people’s complementary use of traditional and online news platforms.
Media managers are facing the challenge of navigating their organizations through a series of extensive changes involving economic, editorial, and technological challenges. Media managers need to develop a better understanding of user behavior and demand. This article addresses the news media landscape and the dynamics at play between print and online media, departing from an elaboration on theories of displacing and complementing effects. The empirical journey focuses on changes over time with regard to how people make use of evening tabloids through print and online. A dataset that comprises annual postal-based surveys carried out from 1998 to 2009 is used for the analysis. The results show an historical change regarding the usage patterns of evening tabloids. First, online news, in general, has acquired a stronger position among users over time, at the expense of the readership of printed evening tabloids. Second, with regard to the interrelated roles of print and online news sites, the latter constitute the primary channel for users—in particular, among 16- to 49-year-olds. Third, gender has the strongest complementing effect, as men are distinguished users of both print and online news. When it comes to explaining displacing effects, these take place among the more highly educated, and the smallest displacing effects are found among 50- to 85-year-olds. The results illustrate the complex dynamics at hand with regard to simultaneous displacing and complementing effects, which nurtures sage managerial implications.
Mobile phones are becoming an increasingly important platform for the delivery of health interventions. In recent years, researchers have used mobile phones as tools for encouraging physical activity and healthy diets, for symptom monitoring in asthma and heart disease, for sending patients reminders about upcoming appointments, for supporting smoking cessation, and for a range of other health problems. This paper provides an overview of this rapidly growing body of work. We describe the features of mobile phones that make them a particularly promising platform for health interventions, and we identify five basic intervention strategies that have been used in mobile-phone health applications across different health conditions. Finally, we outline the directions for future research that could increase our understanding of functional and design requirements for the development of highly effective mobile-phone health interventions.
88% of US customers use mobile as a second screen while watching TV
- A Cocotas
Cocotas, A. (2013). 88% of US customers use mobile as a second screen
while watching TV. Retrieved September 6, 2017, from www.busines
sinsider.com/a-majority-uses-mobile-as-second-screen-2013-5
The effects of digital media on political knowledge and participation in election campaigns: Evidence from panel data
- D Israel Dimnitrova
- A Shehata
- J Strömbäck
- L Nord
Connected Consumer Survey. (2014/15). Consumer barometer with
Google. Retrieved September 6, 2017, from https://www.consumerba
rometer.com/en/graph-builder/?question=N1&filter=country:israel
Dimnitrova, D., Shehata, A., Strömbäck, J., & Nord, L. (2014). The effects
of digital media on political knowledge and participation in election
campaigns: Evidence from panel data. Communication Research, 41
(1), 95-118. doi:10.1177/0093650211426004
TV and media 2015: The empowered TV and media consumer's influence
- Ericsson
Ericsson. (2015). TV and media 2015: The empowered TV and media consumer's influence. Retrieved September 6, 2017, from www.ericsson.com/
res/docs/2015/consumerlab/ericsson-consumerlab-tv-media-2015.pdf
Oxford bibliographies in sociology
- K Fisher
- J Gershuny
Fisher, K., & Gershuny, J. (2013). Time use and time diary research. In J.
Manza (Ed.), Oxford bibliographies in sociology. New York, NY:
Oxford University Press.
What is second screening? Exploring motivations of second screen use and its effect on online political participation
- H Gil De Zúñiga
- V Garcia-Perdomo
- S C Mcgregor
Gil de Zúñiga, H., Garcia-Perdomo, V., & McGregor, S. C. (2015). What
is second screening? Exploring motivations of second screen use and
its effect on online political participation. Journal of Communication,
65(5), 793-815. doi:10.1111/jcom.2015.65.issue-5
A Google study shows: A quarter of people in the ages 18-34 in Israel do not watch TV
- R Goldenberg
Goldenberg, R. (2015, July 3). A Google study shows: A quarter of people
in the ages 18-34 in Israel do not watch TV. Retrieved from www.
globes.co.il/news/article.aspx?did=1001049727 (in Hebrew)
Our mobile planet: Israel
Google. (2013). Our mobile planet: Israel. Retrieved September 6, 2017,
from services.google.com/fh/files/misc/omp-2013-il-local.pdf
How often do users watch online video?
- G Haley
Haley, G. (2015), How often do users watch online video? Retrieved
September 6, 2017, from digitalmarketingmagazine.co.uk/digital-mar
keting-features/how-often-do-users-watch-video-online/2367#
The cellular market in 2013: Samsung's share dropped by 22%. Globes
- Z Hoffman
Hoffman, Z. (2014, March 20). The cellular market in 2013: Samsung's
share dropped by 22%. Globes.Retrieved from http://www.globes.co.il/
news/article.aspx?did=1000926112 (in Hebrew)
The problem of media habits
- R Larose
LaRose, R. (2010). The problem of media habits. Communication Theory,
20(2), 194-222. doi:10.1111/comt.2010.20.issue-2
The gendered nature of news consumption by children and youth
- D Lemish
- R Pick Alony
Lemish, D., & Pick Alony, R. (2014). The gendered nature of news
consumption by children and youth. Journal of Audience and
Reception Studies, 11(1), 174-198.
Checking, sharing, clicking and linking: Changing patterns of news use between
- I C Meijer
- T G Kormelink
Meijer, I. C., & Kormelink, T. G. (2014). Checking, sharing, clicking and
linking: Changing patterns of news use between 2004 and 2014.
Digital Journalism, 3, 1-16.
The state of the media 2015
- A Mitchell
Mitchell, A. (2015). The state of the media 2015. Retrieved September
6, 2017, from www.journalism.org/2015/04/29/state-of-the-newsmedia-2015/
Millennials and political news
- A Mitchell
- J Gottfried
- K E Matsa
Mitchell, A., Gottfried, J., & Matsa, K. E. (2015). Millennials and political
news. Retrieved September 6, 2017, from www.journalism.org/2015/06/01/
millennialspolitical-news/
Nielsen "sweeps" months
- Nielsen
Nielsen. (2014). Nielsen "sweeps" months. Retrieved September 6, 2017, from
www.nielsen.com/content/dam/corporate/us/en/docs/solutions/measure
ment/television/Nielsen-Sweeps-Periods-2013-2014.pdf
Does second screening distract or engage?
- Realitymine
RealityMine. (2015). Does second screening distract or engage? Retrieved
September 6, 2017, from www.realitymine.com/does-second-screen
ing-distract-or-engage/
Navigating cross-media news Use. Journalism Studies. Advance online publication
- N Swart
- C Peters
- M Broersma
Swart, N., Peters, C., & Broersma, M. (2016). Navigating cross-media
news Use. Journalism Studies. Advance online publication.
doi:10.1080/1461670X.2015.1129285
Age differences in media multitasking: A diary study
- H A Voorveld
- Van Der
- M Groot
Voorveld, H. A., & Van Der Groot, M. (2013). Age differences in media
multitasking: A diary study. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic
Media, 57(3), 392-408.