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" LEGAL FRAMEWORK AND PROPOSAL FOR MANAGEMENT AND CERTIFICATION OF WILD MUSHROOMS IN GREECE”/ ΠΟΡΙΣΜΑ ΜΕ ΑΝΤΙΚΕΙΜΕΝΟ: «ΚΑΘΟΡΙΣΜΟΣ ΝΟΜΙΚΟΥ ΠΛΑΙΣΙΟΥ ΓΙΑ ΤΗΝ ΔΙΑΧΕΙΡΙΣΗ ΚΑΙ ΠΙΣΤΟΠΟΙΗΣΗ ΤΩΝ ΑΥΤΟΦΥΩΝ ΕΔΩΔΙΜΩΝ ΜΑΝΙΤΑΡΙΩΝ"
Abstract
The report describes and suggests the development of a new/updated legislative regulation for the collection, certification, and trade of Wild Edible Mushroom (WEMs) in Greece after an initiative taken by the Ministry of Environment and Energy, and the Ministry of Rural Development and Food.
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Rural areas particularly suffer from economic crises where they overlap with long-term negative effects of climate change. Here, we introduce the concept of mycotourism by means of mushroom-related industries in central-northeastern Spain. We describe how this novel branch of eco-tourism can help stabilize social and political structures. Likewise, we illuminate the potential of mycotourism to compensate for some losses related to widespread unemployment and summer drought, as well as to generate unexpectedly fruitful research opportunities. Focussing on Spain's emerging black truffle industry, we recommend a stronger involvement of natural sciences, conservation services, and management strategies in commercial endeavors. We emphasize the relevance of direct and indirect climatic impacts on ecological and societal systems as well as on economic markets. Moreover, we stress the importance of a vital science–policy interface at various scales, with immediate opportunities for sustainable landscape protection and the preservation of biological diversity.
In Europe, both Oriental plane and London plane trees are seriously threatened by the invasive fungal pathogen Ceratocystis platani (Walter) Engelbr. & T.C. Harr., the causal agent of canker stain disease (CSD) of plane trees. The fungus is considered to be indigenous to North America and was accidently introduced into Europe during World War II, where it continues to spread clonally. The impact of CSD in Europe can be compared with notorious tree diseases such as Dutch elm disease, chestnut blight, and more recently Ash dieback, which have all caused devastating losses to natural woody ecosystems and ornamental trees. In Italy and France, C. platani has caused widespread mortality to London plane trees and the pathogen has also been recorded in Switzerland and Spain. However, the most dramatic impact of the disease has been in Greece in natural stands of Oriental plane. The objective of this feature article is to review current knowledge regarding CSD and to highlight the dramatic and devastating nature ...
Changes in the ecology of macrofungi are poorly understood, not only because much of their life cycle is hidden belowground, but also because experiments often miss real-world complexity and most fruitbody inventories are limited in space and time. The National Poisons Information Centre ‘Tox Info Suisse’ provides countrywide 24hours/7days medical advice in case of poisonings since 1966. Here, we introduce a total of 12,126 mushroom-related phone calls that were received by Tox Info Suisse between 1966 and 2014. This indirect source of mycological information is dominated by the families of Boletaceae (11%), Agaricaceae (10%) and Amanitaceae (8%), which account for ~30% of all cases. Mushroom fruiting patterns revealed by the Poisons Centre inventory statistically resemble changes in fungal phenology, productivity and diversity as reflected by the Swiss National Data Centre ‘SwissFungi’. Although the newly developed Tox Info Suisse dataset provides an innovative basis for timely environmental research, caution is advised when interpreting some of the observed long-term changes and autumnal extremes. Uncertainty of the new record relates to possible data incompleteness, imprecise species description and/or identification, as well as the inclusion of cultivated and non-indigenous mushrooms. Nevertheless, we hope that the Tox Info Suisse inventory will stimulate and enable a variety of ecological-oriented follow-up studies.
A new species of Genea Vittad. from Greek forests of Abies cephalonica is proposed based on morphological and genetic studies. Macroscopic images of fresh specimens, as well as observations made under optical microscopes, drawings, a 28S rDNA phylogenetic tree and a small key are provided. Περίληψη: Ένα νέο είδος της Genea Vittad. από την Ελλάδα προτείνεται με βάση τις μορφολογικές και γενε-τικές μελέτες. Μακροσκοπικές εικόνες των φρέσκων δειγμάτων, καθώς και παρατηρήσεις που έγιναν κάτω από οπτικά μικροσκόπια, σχέδια, ένα 28S rDNA φυλογενετικό δέντρο και ένα μικρό κλειδί παρέχονται.
Vasileios KAOUNAS Triantafyllos TSAMPAZIS Carlo AGNELLO Ascomycete.org, 7 (2) : 97-100. Avril 2015 Mise en ligne le 2/04/2015 Summary: Description and illustration of Urnula mediterranea recently and newly registered in Greece. Several specimens collected in two different Greek areas are reported, and accompanied by illustrations of both macro-and microscopic features. Περίληψη: Περιγραφή και απεικόνιση της Urnula mediterranea που πρόσφατα καταγράφηκε για πρώτη φορά στην Ελλάδα. Αρκετά δείγματα συλλέχθηκαν σε δύο διαφορετικές Ελληνικές περιοχές όπου αναφέρθηκαν και συνοδεύονται από απεικονίσεις τόσο με τα μάκρο όσο και με τα μικροσκοπικά χαρακτηριστικά.
Fungal fruit-bodies are an important economic resource both for recreational pickers and commercial markets. The broad interest in forest fungi and mushrooms has motivated attempts to develop appropriate silvicultural methods able to preserve and improve mushroom yields. Defining best practices for the sustainability and profitability of forest fungal resources is the main aim of ‘mycosilviculture’. However, the difficulty of monitoring and studying such a cryptic kingdom (i.e., fungi) under real forest conditions has led to rather scattered scientific knowledge of the effects of forest management regimes and silvicultural operations on wild mushroom resources. Here, we review the current scientific literature regarding the influence of (i) stand characteristics, i.e. stand age, stand density, canopy cover and tree species composition, (ii) silvicultural practices and (iii) other management-related disturbances affecting the yield of wild epigeous mushrooms, with the aim of systematizing existing scientific knowledge and identifying gaps in knowledge in order to suggest future lines of research. Most of the research in the field of mycosilviculture to date has focused on ectomycorrhizal mushrooms, which include the majority of wild commercial mushrooms. The main findings from the literature indicate that forest management practices, by modifying stand characteristics and microclimatic conditions, can influence wild mushroom occurrence and productivity, both positively and negatively, depending on the specific fungal ecological needs, reproductive strategies, forest type and management regime. Further research efforts relating to all aspects of the interaction between forest management, fungal ecology and mushroom production are needed: in particular, additional research efforts should be devoted to understanding mushroom yield dynamics in uneven-aged and mixed forests and evaluating the effects of regeneration methods on fungal communities.
Data on the occurrence of macrofungi in the islands of the Aegean Archipelago are still scarce and fragmentary. Although the islands of Lesvos and Agios Efstratios (northeast Aegean Sea) are of particular biogeographic interest by serving as "land-bridge" between Asia Minor and Europe, very limited information is available regarding their fungal diversity. This long-term study revealed the presence of 26 and 162 taxa of larger ascomycetes and basidiomycetes respectively in these two islands, which belong to 125 genera. The occurrence of genera Leucoinocybe, Calongea and Picoa is reported for the first time in Greece. In the pertinent annotated inventory, 29 taxa constitute new records for the country, while other 96 taxa are reported on new habitats, substrates and/or hosts. Brief descriptions of morphological features and key diagnostic characters are provided for the most interesting findings, with emphasis on those cases where notable deviations were observed in respect to pertinent literature reports. Of special importance is the recording of several ectomycorrhizal fungi associated with typical components of the East Mediterranean xerophytic vegetation. Five of them are reported for the first time from Greece, i.e., Hygrophorus pseudodiscoideus, Hymenogaster luteus, Hysterangium clathroides, Picoa juniperi and Terfezia olbiensis, all growing near plants of the family Cistaceae.
In the present work, 190 Basidiomycetes species recorded for the first time in Greece are presented. These species have been collected during surveys mainly realised in forest ecosystems of central Greece in the period 1994-1999 resulting in the determination of a total number of 485 species. The results incite us to realise more surveys in other forest communities over the rest of the country in order to contribute to the preparation of an updated list of the Greek mycoflora.