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Abstract

Allergies affect not only people, but animals as well, including dogs. Allergic diseases are often observed in veterinary practice. There are many factors and substances in the environment around us that can cause allergic reactions. These are known as allergens. They may be of plant or animal origin, but may also be chemical compounds. Allergies in dogs have become a common topic of discussion in veterinary surgeries. Many dogs, purebred or of mixed breeds, are diagnosed for allergies. There are many reasons for the occurrence of allergies, from genetic predisposition to the environmental conditions in which the animal lives. Allergies in dogs are troublesome because when diagnosed too late or left untreated they can lead to serious health complications.

 !  " #$%&' ()*+)',& )-./0
Review article
Marta DOPIERAŁA, Katarzyna ANDRASZEK
1
THE MOST COMMON ALLERGIC DISEASES IN DOGS
123"4"54! 4"637"
47" 4
Abstract. !"33622 87""9 74!4!"!4"""
 3 8"4  6 2   6 3" 4 "78""  
747"7"! "":9"!"6
6832! 876"8274"!"4!"
8234"7""6"7!"64!" 27843;4
84"   4!"4 3 !"   6 "" 3  7 3 !" 
3!24"2" 4"9  "!"
 4!"  78" 87" 9 4!"4    3 74 6  4 
"7"2"
Key words:4! !6 !
INTRODUCTION
!"33622 87""9 74!4!"!4"""
3 8"4  6 2   6 3" 4 "78""  
 74 7"   7" ! ""  :9 " !"
66832! 876"8274"124!
!4846<" 43362"3!"4"!7"4
!6"62""698""7"""""
448684"36"""846<"7"2"3!
"78""   !" 2384"   2474 4 84  ! 
4!24734""2"833+==2:$%&)>
7$%&0,
 4!"  !"   78" 4""  87" 9 4!"4    3
7464"7"2";2 !"
7" 6 ": "" 6 "7  2 974" 47   4!<" " "!
3 "2"787696!":"4!
"""2""8
1"7"" 3 !" "74 " 74 26 9 "  !  3  6
62 !   9 6 4! 4 "26 "62" 26 "
44!648684"87"2"!"9
"24!7? @=64"=:  123 "4"54! 4
"637"47" 5"A9 7"&) %*B&&%4  4 B?
:=64"=:C72472
1?&%$&%%/D#$%&')'&%/
48 M. Dopierała and K. Andraszek
7""846247;""7"3!84"9"27"67!
  7" 3 8"23 !"9  96"  87 " "
4"!"2!4!" ": ! 2 
846+4$%&/,
762"3!""3E76434?
62
" 62 3 !6 " 7"76 34  "  6 !   2!
 7" 47!  "4  9  !   " 4 
7" 39 7"3 9 "23 !" 2!" "
8"4"27"4!73""9!2""73 9
"7"   " 3 !7"  "78"" "4 7"  "62"
1"""744"6237439!?
26
3!64" 
34!6
47!
562
 "62 3 !   84"  2474   44 !" 
"72"3!"8"""""4
6; ""7 " 7"" 8  4" 7" 7
"2":"336
62
""!B8462;" "472;""
2;"776846 "63!44"!! 977"!
6"62"1"4"7""73"6""9
3"4"!7"4?
7"" ""74!8672;" 
"7":"" 36 ""47 7"!"62""7"
44" " "7"!72"
162
"":9"464B6262""6"927"62" "
7"48684"87 86""=4"+626","34"F464<
87""3"43$).)*7""6274"39!?
!6
3!6
"2"3
ATOPIC DERMATITIS
24""!6B4439277"""7!
"23 2"   4!<" 846  " " 3 " 6 3
""4 9 !"   !"    !"  9 
2"    +9 $%%0, 1!"" 3 " 4""  8 4 46
3E7"!4!<"987"4"6+154$%%&,""
The most common allergic diseases in dogs 49
474"6327 96424!3" ;3
 ""   "! 3  4"" +7  , 4  2" 3 "46
83""62"+G$%%&>7$%&(,"3"
 7 4"4" 4  3  " 6 6 4!"4 4""" 
33!87&%.&/H3227+33$%%&,4!"
" 4"4"844 4!"9223""3 "
4"""7684!"62846":+:
$%%'>"$%&$,77"!"4""73
$626"44234"+@4&''*>5$%%*>
==2: 4 G:A: $%&$>=   $%&/, " "7"  24 247 4
8:49 3 4" 4  "77 " 374   24" +:  
$%%'>"$%&$,3 94"7""!" 4"" "2 :
74"4"324" 93""3!"4!<"846
7 3" 84 24"2"" 24""7"28
84" 6!4 " 8;"  84"4 " 87 4"" ""
37484"34!" "9";484""8"4!""7"28
"4"" "2:9"!62"326"742283
4 6 3 " 3 " " "6 :4   ! 8:!74 3 2 4"
+4$%&/>7$%&0,
 ! 3 "4""" 47" "2"   1!"!
"4""487824"7"486"4!"
!:"7"47"""47 ! 3" 
84 4 :  7"4     "62 3 2 4" "
277" 4264+6" 2"4", 3+4!"2", 
4!7!1!""6:4"6"2" 34!
7"2" "7"84"2" "8"227"39!2773"
3  ": 9 ": ""6 " 8 7"4 86  4""" "  62
3":""86436!"62+@7":$%&/,1!""
3 2 4" "74 88"4  4 "6  "62" 4 44
""  7 7  ": 4"""  6  " "62" +9   $%%)>
==2:$%&% 8,
3"2"326"746"4"
" 3 7"" ;"" 72 3 6"" Malassezia spp. 
23 " ;" ": 3" ! 9 6  277" 4
3+G:A:$%&-,
 4 9  "62"  62 3 2 4" "! 4
4"" 64"7!4 "! 34!"" " 66 !
3""7""443"772"+4;,3"4
34 !" +6   $%&%> 4 $%&/, 3  "" 7 7 " 4""" 4
2 4"" 34    8 8!7   "6" "
9222B3647!"7"43":""7
!6""44436!" 39"23726 
44""= 8 474"4"""849222
50 M. Dopierała and K. Andraszek
4"   4476 4   4!  " " 2  7" "2
26 9222!4""4866"7! "9"27
4"4 42247"+I$%&), 44 "74" "9
  4 ! 267"74 36 4"    "62" 3 2
4" :!2""8474"3!74"+$%%)>"
  $%%-,  33"" 3 46 "722 424"   "! 3 
4""1!"6"!34"""2484+88$%%/,
!B9:"746 474  /% 4!"9 2 4" "! 33""3
374334" "944!"343"44"!36""277""
344"+"$%%-,
FOOD ALLERGY
4 !6 "  3  " 6 4!"4 ! ": 4"""  4!"
+==2:  $%&)> 7   $%&0,  "  6   2722"   4!"
7463! !"34!"
 !" +   $%%*>  $%&),  7" 3 " !6 " 
4234B6262""6 87"8"7!!"462"4
62""66 "84+$%%&,"4"
!";34!"734""84"
924"2""!6 8;" 27!" !"24" 9"!49
" 44"4!8:" 874""""37484"34!"4
;484"
4 !"  8 7"4 86  6 3 "78""  87  6 7"4 86
!62" 374  247" "7 " 276 83  "6 =  "  9 :  3" 
!!" 42"+ $%%)>16$%%/>$%%/> 4
$%%0, 9  44 "78"" 7"4   247 3 34 247" 4
 2 34  " "7"24 3 8! 4   42 3 34
!"+J494!&'''>@7":$%&&,
3"62"334!6""277" 9"424
3   3 6 : ""  8 8"4   3 3 27"7"  227" 4
6   !7 ! 4   84  "62"  4" 
33 7 7 2774" "2"7"  7 
4"8"""62"7"768"462"684
8927"4 "4272"4"67+9"$%&-,
1"!7"! 89 34 !6 4 2 4" " E7 28  "
""9!74"!7"!8994""""4!<"
  4" 3 !7"4"  " " 47!"  33 !" 2
4"3277"2"""4"24 2""86334!66
8"44+9"$%&-,9 64"4"""787
"7" 3 " " !  4 "" 4  247 8 "7" 
87"  8:49 4 8 247" 3 34"733"  " 8 ""=! 
"7!3""7"3"""+4$%&/>7$%&0,
The most common allergic diseases in dogs 51
64433434!"!34!6"7"3
4 394 86  2 "  7"! 34  " "7"24 3 7"!  !6
"62" " 4 "74 74 "7" 3 2  864" 4 3  
27"687"488"4" " 8 7:6 47:3"
 " 2   4 "74   "! "7 3 2  4! "74 8
!4767"4!3444!"2"+I:"$%%&>
7$%&%,94"748474(/46" 4
4 "3 "74 8 7"4 3 )  0 9:"  ;44  &%.&( 9:" 3 ""6
+==2: $%&),4!" 9 4 9";44 
87*9:" "62"4"22464!""4+9":$%&),
"62"" 2""8474"""
 44    4 3  "! !4  4! 4 4  "
27"4 83"3"62"4!!6
444!49229$)*7"3!""28"
4!387$9:" 87""3"334!6464B62" 
9""62"22+G"&''),3"!"3""=86
 !47"483468444"963
!44!9"34834"8444 9"3
!4"94!"!43"7+I:"$%%&,
"24!4"6" 22" 8"
338"2"7"647! ""4"
 "7" 3   4   4  8 224    
 62! 34  8 7"4   9 62" 3 "7 34  "
8"4646"429979! 87"""284!
"4 62 43 "! "732  " 462486 4!"
9" "7!!"" 234"  96""F6<" 6
"748 87"6344!4"968"4
8 4"6844!"34!+7$%&0>9"$%&-,
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84497"!!4"6"8334
"62"334!6622""87"4!"6 8!
  34 !4"    8"4    4 "74 8
"74+==2:$%&)>7$%&0,
ALLERGIES TO PARASITES AND BITING INSECTS
3;2""!4!8"9:46"
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3!64"34!"88"4""42"47624
6262""6!"3743"+46&''->$%%&>
33$%%*, "62" 3 3!6 4" 22""6 3 "2!
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3 ";  84  "  6  2722" ! 3 2  6  
52 M. Dopierała and K. Andraszek
"7"28"4""""87"67!!"9E776
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!
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4"""4 
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L "3BM76."46""39!277" =!277":4! 
L 4"""7!3!6.33":
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":82"6"2!273":"2"424!"!
3  4""  "2! 27 3  277" 4 6 4 277"
"!""" "33!64"+@4 :$%%&,
"8 4!""3  4"" "244 86 ! 3 ": "2 9
64227""8+"=:74K$%%0,
8""32!!"33!64""222
226;"  9 """  7"! B3 22"   3 3 "2B 42" 
"2 "2"  "26"  "  " 2  7" B3 2 !76
7!7 6 4  6   "2!4 77 """  3
!3"3 3"4!<" ""9 !3"
4""329" "!7237"47"
732"""+4$%&/>7$%&0,
6""E7" 4"62" 8"4 "3 !6
3:" "E7" 3" " 9"2"48""4""7"767"
9 "  9"" 8  4 " 3 "" " 6 4337 
4"!7" 3  !" 4 "" 9 222 !"  7"4 3
4!""7433!B6!"9"3222226;"
!"2B22"!":""+4$%&/>7$%&0,
" "!" 7"76 "7  7  7"  4 4 "8" =4
"   8 44  4!" "  "E7 3 8"  "!"  " "
4337  "8" ! 4 84 24"2"" 47   6 3 " 62 3
239!"!+74$%%*,
: 8" 7"76 7" 67" "  447"  !77"
"2486277"""874"24
!"3846;2""939!:84!<"846
4B6262""642"+74$%%*,
"3:" 2267"32 8""2B22""
44 87332!"3""E7""84"4
CONTACT ALLERGY
 7B44 4"" " !  4" " "  62 
62""6!6+==2:$%&% 8>==2:4G:A:$%&$>4
$%&/,7"36&%H34!4"4"+"4"&'*',
"4"""7"4864":9"78""324
The most common allergic diseases in dogs 53
 !"4 ""=3626"+4$%&/,
89 !<" 9 ": 4 !!" 3&$  -$
7"3"3"62""24486472" 9
"30"$6"+"&''-,
" "  "9 6 !4 24"2"  " 4""   3E76
33"474!"484"24 4 4 ;
" 4G"!4G+""$%%/, 87;484"6
"7333"9!"7"!"4""7439!+==2:
$%&% 8>==2:4G:A:$%&$>4$%&/,?
L 2"? 6"7 2" 4 44 243" 6
4 "249 6" 4>
L 4"?"26 6 ! "26 ;4 !74"
5"37 8=62;4>
L "?:47+4!",>
L "? 84"  4!"  3464  788  4"3"  "6 38" 
"2" "4" 2" 
 "62"  "   " 9   "   "7 " 
; 84 !  "7474"43334!"
!4" 98"8"322 !72
3     "62"3 !  4" 74 227"  6 
7" "8"43 848 "896 ":
4  ": 9  !  5 3"  "8 4" 4
Malassezia36"26"4""+7$%&0,
 3  28"  4!"! !  4" "   "62" 
6"" 34" 43389"4""""
!4""7 4""4486846<"43"" 
9"4" 42"9":"9
1! 7" 47   9  "78"  "  ; 33   ":
376"62"394"""6"4E74337
4"!7""" ""4!"!!4"3768 
" 4!"" "7"6"84324"
""  8 7"43 4!" 272"" " ""  2! 2" "74
9  " "78"   4! 4  8"! 6 ": !"  7
376"""9433767 87"2"7"
4!<"8463)*7" "7469"""947!723
4!"   *((H 3 6 4!" 6 43" 2" "7"    "78""  
2" 4  33 4!  6 9 !  " "78"" +  
$%%&,  3  " 33 " 3 4!"! !  4" " 
2 4 " " "2!  4! 3 " !  3 9
9:"48!9"262!"22"
399:" "74 "! 9 "4"
4" 3 " 4""92 6 ""7" 6"8 4 3
24"4"+ $%%&>==2: $%&% 8>
==2:4G:A:$%&$,
54 M. Dopierała and K. Andraszek
3  4"" " 8 4!"4   " 2 "2 "   
"78""4!<"8463 ""2
 "78" 3  "73 3  <" 846 86 8!  9 62!
"2 3  "  2""8    ! 3     !7B
"4" 4"4  "62"+==2:  $%&% 8>
==2:4G:A:$%&$,
!63"37!73!"4!"9 
""74"3"434"3!
"4!"!"7"!9" 64
87 74  94  47" " 3  " 2   4!"74 
 9 7" " 3 " " " 3 3 4 8 :2   "78
  9 "!  7 "6"  86 47!  46 3
!"
CONCLUSIONS
!63"37!73!"4!"9 
""74"3"434"3!
"4!"!"7"!9" 64
87 74  94  47" " 3  " 2   4!"74 
 9 7" " 3 " " " 3 3 4 8 :2   "78
  9 "!  7 "6"  86 47!  46 3
!"
REFERENCES
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"!24!"3444 I6"7+5,*' $%(.$%-
Bjelland A.A., Dolva F.L., Nødtvedt A., Sævik B.K. $%&)  3 4 ": 3" 3
"4"7"3!B"23!22739!4!"4
/0 &.&&
Boralevi F., Hubicke T., Leante-Labrze C., Sanbusse E., Fayon M., Roul S. $%%* 277"
! ""=  2 4" 3" . 4!   3 24 8
2!60( $%/.$&%
Cork M.J., Danby S.G., Vasilopoulos Y., Hadgraft J., Lane M.E., Moustafa M., Guy R.H.,
Macgowan A.L., Tazi-Ahnini R., Ward S.J. $%%' 24 8 46"37  2
4"I"1&$' &*'%.&'%*
Corlotti D.N.$%%)77" 3""33462""66!6" 
@ G65:9 &/ ()'.(/0
Córdowa Moreno E., Trigo Tavera E.J. &'''2""844   ; (% 
0-.--
Day M.J.$%%/434662""670) )/*.)0)
DeBoer D.J., Hillier A. $%%&  1 ": 3   2 4 " +N,? 374
2"4!""772*& $-&.$-0
Glatz M., Bosshard P.P., Hoetzeuecher W., Schimol-Grendelmeier P. $%&/3Mallassezia
spp24"I4) &$&-.&$$*
The most common allergic diseases in dogs 55
Glos K., Linek M., Loewenstein C., Mayer U., Mueller R.S. $%%-  336 3 6
8 6 4" 44 3 4!" 9 2 4"  1 &' 
$*%.$*-
Griffin C.E.$%%*764!6"86 64!" ""7 
Griffin C.E., DeBoer D.J. 2001.  1 ": 3   2 4" +N,? 
3""324"772*& $//.$0'
Gross T.L., Ihrke P.J., Walder E.J., Affolter V.K.$%%/:4"""34!4?4
"2!4!""" @ G6B5:9
Hallwell R. $%%0 "4 7 3 6 !6  7 72 &&) 
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