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PERJODOHAN DI RUANG PUBLIK (STUDI RESEPSI PEREMPUAN INTELEKTUAL TERHADAP PROGRAM TAKE ME OUT DI INDOSIAR)

Authors:

Abstract

This research tries to find out the ‘preferred reading’ of ‘matchmaking’ among adolescent girls in the reality show programme “Take Me Out” on Indosiar. Theresearch was based on qualitative methods using the Hall’s reception theory. Researchers conclude that there are many readings (dominant, negotiation, and opposition) of the informants when matchmaking is shown on public spaces. Althoughderived from a good educational background, not all informants expressed disapproval of the match on television shows. Thus, the culture of matchmaking has shifted to bemore open among adolescent girls. This shift caused by the globalization of culture,media literacy, and past experience of the informants.
PERJODOHAN DI RUANG PUBLIK
(Kajian Resepsi Perjodohan di Ruang Publik dalam Program
Take Me Out di Indosiar oleh Remaja Perempuan)
Rizky Kertanegara, M.Si
Abstract
This research tries to nd out the ‘preferred reading’ of
‘matchmaking’ which is shown in the program Take Me Out
on Indosiar. The research was based on qualitative methods
using the Hall’s reception theory. Researchers conclude that
there are many readings (dominant, negotiation, and
opposition) of the informants when matchmaking is shown
on public spaces. Thus, the culture of matchmaking has
shifted to be more open among adolescent girls. This shift
caused by the globalization of culture, well education, and
past experience of the informants.
Key words: Matchmaking, Reception, Adolescent Girls
Pendahuluan
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
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              
            
              
            
              



          

   !          
"          
#       
 
                  

          
             
 $%&'
$#%(
            
              
              
 

            )    *  
#+, 
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    #        
              -"
              
   


 .! .! 
        
             
/"
            !    
        
      "        
  "  
      "      
 !

( Beberapa literatur yang memuat kisah perang Bubat ini diantaranya adalah Sejarah Nasional
Indonesia II (2008), penerbit Balai Pustaka; dan Perang Bubat: Tragedi di balik Kisah Cinta Gajah
Mada dan Dyah Pitaloka (2009), penerbit Qanita.
, Literatur asli terdapat pada karya sastra berjudul Siti Nurbaya: Kasih tak Sampai (1951), penerbit
Balai Pustaka.
/Muhammad, bin Ismail Al-Umrani, Ta’aruf Cinta, (Jakarta: Qultum Media,2008), hal xii.
,

      

                
                
                
            
              
0
      
              
             

     1          2  

  3            
        
4
  5            5
          #    
        !
   !      
   
      .          

*Take Me Out $
6%*
 .#7  ! 
     *   
      
  dating show  reality
show           
                

0 http://publikasi.umy.ac.id/index.php/komunikasi/article/viewFile/3188/1948
4Endah, Kuswa, Petung, Prosesi, dan Sesaji dalam Ritual Manten Masyarakat Jawa, Kejawen: Jurnal
Kebudayaan Jawa Vol 1, No.2, Agustus, Yogyakarta: Jurusan Pendidikan Bahasa Daerah dan Fakultas
Bahasa Seni Universitas Negri Yogyakarta bersama penerbit Narasi, (2006), hal 140.
/
     /8  
                  
 camera-
looking’6
           
          


              
..#79
  .  48   reality show       
*    6: ) # + 
    (8    ,8(8        #  ,8(8
    rating  share
        /;<   share   (/=<9
           *
.&7.27
#
    6  6      

  "          
)
  "   
;
-            
        >      
*
 *    
    
 !-"
          >  6    
">
9 http://www.takemeoutindonesia.com/press.php?tid=9
; http://bataviase.co.id/content/saat-perjodohan-masuk-ruang-publik
0
&              
             ?
Bagaimanakah Pemaknaan terhadap Perjodohan di Ruang
Publik dalam program Take Me Out di Indosiar>
Metode Penelitian
     
            
#=
 " 
#
         
         
     

         (in-depth interview)
"
RatingSharewebsite,
          
@purposeful samplingA          
              
        .  #  7  
    6
     
        B*    6  

            
       
            

     
              
  .  #  7           
            
       C        
= Patton, Michael Quinn, Qualitative Research Methods Qualitative and Evaluation Method, 3rd
Edition, (California: Sage Publications, 2002), hal 14.
4
   decoding,    reading   
&
$dominant-hegeminic
position%      $negotiated code/position%    
$oppositional code/position%
Landasan Teori
Kajian Resepsi: Dominasi, Negosiasi, dan Oposisi
&              
   
      6           

            
            "  
                


6              ?
#
            
                
            
            
              
              
 
D
                
  $Cultural Studies%       
"
      .(8     
     
DCroteau, David and Wiiliam Hoynes, Media/Society, Industri, Images, and Audiences, (California:
Pine Forge Press, 2000), hal 263.
(8 Turner, Lynn, & West, Richard, Introducing Communication Theory: Analysis and Application,
Third Edition, International Edition, (Singapura: McGrawHill, 2007), hal 393.
9
                
      
  .    
"
          "  

              
"
 #   *((  
              
          
        

&$(D=(%    
& *"* 
       
  "           
"encoder
 decode "      
         &  
              
  ? $(% Encoding/decoding   
"      @"    
A$,%
              
       $/%  
             
 encoder       "decode"  
(,
Pembahasan
Informan Satu
(( Baran, Stanley, & Davis, Dennis, Mass Communication Theory: Foundations, Ferment, And
Future, Second Edition, (California: Wadsworth, 2000), hal 262.
(, Barker, Chris. Cultural Studies: Teori dan Praktik, Diterjemahkan oleh Nurhadi, (Yogyakarta:
Kreasi Wacana, 2005), hal 357.
;
CB
6,,

"

                
  2    1          
       single parent!    

     
#6
                
 
!")
           

Pemaknaan terhadap program Take Me Out  
     heavy viewers’    
    *          
)              
          
 .#7
                
&
 3
 !


        .  #  7      

              
              
              
.#7


          .  #  7    

=
Pemaknaan terhadap perjodohan di ruang publik
        
          5      
                
        *        
      &    

            

     
 
         
#*
.#7

 
              

Informan Dua
            C  B
   
1                
              
13

            

               
                
)                

Pemaknaan terhadap program Take Me Out  
            .  #  7  
            
        *  
E
D
"
#
"
                 
            
*
          
          .  #  7  
                
            

                
  

Pemaknaan terhadap perjodohan di ruang publik.
       
*                
            
      /    B      
*
  
                  
        "    &  
    


     

                  
        "    
      ! )   
      *    
        #        
.
#7
Informan Tiga
(8
          :3    B
              *  
                
              
              
    #        
              
"              
            

Pemaknaan terhadap program Take Me Out. 
.#
7      #    .  #  7  
          
"

set-up           
        *        
            

          
.  #  7              
            
              
       
  6          
    *            
              
!
Pemaknaan terhadap perjodohan di ruang publik.
              
              
  "    .  #  7    
#
#
    
                
"
((

              
&
              
       *

Kesimpulan dan Saran
             
              
  *    
&
*
  
            
            
#
              
                  
  &            
          #    
               


            
&
    
   
          
          "    
              
    
                
    "      
              

          

    "        
(,
                
            
B          
*    
  
          
            

DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Buku
    F  *    $,888% Mass Communication
Theory: Foundations, Ferment, And Future    G
2?'
  2  $,880% Cultural Studies: Teori dan Praktik
)H?'
2*'&$,888%Media/Society, Industri,
Images, and Audiences. 2?C
#      6"B  $,88=% Ta’aruf Cinta  1?
I#
  #  I  $,88,%Qualitative Research Methods
Qualitative and Evaluation Methods. 3rd Edition2?

. -F ' +$,88;% Introducing Communication
Theory: Analysis and Application . G 
G?#:&
Jurnal
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... Rizky mengungkapkan pernikahan memiliki banyak padanan kata seperti memasangkan, membaurkan, mempertalikan, mempertemukan, mengawinkan, mengijabkan, menikahkan, menunangkan, menyandingkan, memperantarai, menghubungkan, dan menjembatani. Dapat dikatakan juga bahwa perjodohan adalah proses mengenalkan seseorang kepada lawan jenis melalui perantara, bisa melalui keluarga, teman, ataupun medium lainnya (Kertanegara, 2017 ...
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Konsep diri merupakan bagaimana individu melihat dirinya sendiri sebagai pribadi yang disebut dengan pengetahuan diri serta bagaimana individu menginginkan diri sendiri sebagai manusia yang diharapkan. Sedangkan, penyesuaian diri yaitu proses individu dalam membentuk hubungan yang selaras antara dirinya dengan lingkungan. Dengan adanya penyesuaian diri, individu dapat mengatasi masalah yang timbul dari dalam diri maupun dari lingkungan yang ia tinggali. Konsep diri yang negative berimplikasi pada penyesuaian sosial yang buruk karena konsep diri seseorang berperan penuh untuk mempengaruhi pola pikir dan tingkah laku seseorang dalam berinteraksi dengan orang lain. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui konsep dan penyesuaian diri perempuan dalam pernikahan perjodohan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif. Subjek dalam penelitian ini hanya terdiri dari seorang perempuan yang melakukan pernikahan perjodohan. Untuk mendapatkan data, peneliti menggunakan teknik observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu stuktural fungsional dengan konsep pendekatan sistem melalui AGIL (Adaptation; Goal Attainment; Integration; and Latency), yaitu adaptasi dengan lingkungan, adanya tujuan yang ingin dicapai, integrasi antar sub-sub sistem, dan pemeliharaan budaya atau norma. Hasil dari penelitian ini bahwa konsep diri idealis subjek mengalami pergeseran karena dihadapkan pada situasi eksternal yang determinan sehingga memaksa subjek untuk beradaptasi. Adapun bentuk penyesuaian diri SA yaitu autoplastis ditunjukan dengan sikap penurut, nrimo dan patuh.
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Kelajangan dianggap sebagai hal yang tidak wajar pada perempuan dewasa. Penelitian dilakukan dengan tujuan mengungkap bagaimana perempuan lajang dan perjodohan ditampilkan di dalam novel “Jodoh Terakhir” (2016) karya Netty Vigiantini. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan sosiologi sastra dan kritik sastra feminis. Data berupa kata, frasa, dan kalimat dikumpulkan dengan teknik simak catat setelah melalui pemhacaan tertutup. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perempuan lajang dianggap tidak wajar dan melanggar aturan, sehingga untuk mengembalikannya pada jalur normatif, perjodohan dijadikan solusi. Dalam novel, terungkap adanya resistensi dan negosiasi dari tokoh perempuan dalam menyikapi pernikahan yang dipaksakan kepadanya. Kecurigaan bahwa teks akan cenderung bersifat feminis tidak terbukti, karena wacana yang justru dikembangkan pengarang adalah kepatuhan anak perempuan pada konstruksi sosial yang ditanamkan melalui struktur keluarga.Katakunci: feminis, konstruksi sosial, lajang, perjodohan Abstract:Singleness is considered an unnatural thing for adult women. This research was conducted to reveal how single women and matchmaking are featured in Netty Vigiantini's novel Jodoh Terakhir (2016). The method used is descriptive qualitative with sociological literary approaches and feminist literary criticism. Data in the form of words, phrases, and sentences were collected using the note-taking technique after going through closed reading. The data are then classified, interpreted, and analyzed with relevant theories. The results of this study indicate that single women are considered unnatural and violate the rules, so to return them to the normative path, matchmaking is used as a solution. In the novel, it is revealed that there are resistance and negotiation from female characters in responding to the marriage that was forced on her. The suspicion that the text will tend to be feminist is not proven, because the discourse developed by the author is the obedience of girls to social constructs that are instilled through the family structure.Keywords: feminist, social construction, single, matchmaking
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Perjodohan merupakan fenomena yang tidak populer dalam pandangan feminis karena dianggap cenderung merugikan perempuan. Namun demikian, perjodohan masih saja terjadi dalam konteks kekinian sebagaimana ditampilkan dalam sejumlah karya sastra kontemporer Indonesia. Hal yang membedakan, bila dibandingkan dengan tokoh perempuan yang hidup di masa lampau seperti Siti Nurbayakarya Marah Roesli atau tokoh MidahSi Manis Bergigi Emaskarya Pramoedya Ananta Toer, perempuan modern telah memiliki ruang untuk menunjukkan resistensi atas perjodohan yang menimpanya. Kondisi ini tergambar dalam novel metropop Summer Skykarya Stephanie Zen yang menjadi objek penelitian. Analisis dilakukan dengan pendekatan sosiologi sastra dan kajian sastra feminis. Kajian ini menunjukkan bahwa dalam novel tersebut, orang tua hanya membantu mencarikan pasangan dan keputusan untuk menjalin hubungan merupakan keputusan masing-masing individu sebagai pribadi dewasa. Empat tahap interaksi yang dikemukakan Randall terpenuhi, yaitu pertemuan fisik, saling menyadari keberadaan, berada dalam situasi emosi yang sama, dan adanya simbol yang mewakili fokus bersama.
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