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Migracje, macierzyństwo i płeć. Zmiana społeczna z perspektywy migrujących robotnic (1989–2010)
... stygmatyzacji ze strony lokalnej społeczności, oskarżanie o "porzucenie dzieci" i braku akceptacji ich strategii "opieki na odległość"(Lutz, Palenga-Möllenbeck 2012, Urbańska 2014).Powyższe tendencje w różnicach pomiędzy kobietami i mężczyznami odnośnie do faz cyklu życia w momencie podejmowania migracji znajdują odzwierciedlenie w sytuacji rodzinnej badanych migrantów ukraińskich przed pierwszym wyjazdem do Polski. Mężczyźni wyraźnie częściej podejmują migracje przed opuszczeniem "rodzinnego gniazda" i założeniem rodziny. ...
The report presents selected results of the survey on Ukrainian migrants conducted in Warsaw and its vicinities in 2016.It describes histories of Ukrainian citizens’ migration to Poland from the perspective of their professional and family situation and in relation to their social networks and social capital. It addresses differences between male and female migrants by demonstrating that, on the average, women have longer experience with migration to Poland and tend to start their migration at older age and more often as persons possessing already their own families (e.g. children)in Ukraine. By examining transitions of migrants’ professional status, the report reveals barriers for socio-economic integration of migrants in Poland and points to differences in sectoral concentration of male and female Ukrainian workers. As it regards social networks of studied migrants, especially of women, what attracts attention is their homogeneity in relation to various individual characteristics of persons involved in these networks such as citizenship, education, wealth and age. Both for men and women resources achievable by means of these networks are first of all of practical(e.g. help in finding job or accommodation)and emotional character. Overall, the results of the described survey point to the high importance of the gender dimension in migration and everyday integration of Ukrainian migrants in Poland.
In the article, from a feminist perspective, we look at two visions of “Solidarity,” that was co-created by women, shown in documentary films – Solidarity According to Women, 2014, dir. Marta Dzido, Piotr Śliwowski and Women of Freedom, 2019, dir. Wiesław Paluch, Mirosław Basaj. For this purpose, we refer, i.a., to the concept of situated knowledge (Donna Haraway, 2009), its reinterpretation in the context of the category of care (María Puig de la Bellacasa, 2017) or to the category of affective solidarity (Clare Hemmings, 2012). We describe the narrative strategy of Women of Freedom as a story about heroism without heroines, while the one we read in Solidarity According to Women we call heroising of heroines. During the analyzes, we explore different visions of female roles and identities, we also address the topic of sisterhood, both between women involved in the movement and in the relationship between the researcher and the subject of the research. Finally, becoming aware of our own affective dissonance, we consider how critical and sisterly interpretative practices are possible.
The text is based on fieldwork research in Naples, mainly on the analysis of in-depth interviews with Polish female migrant domestic workers. The analysis is presented against the background of re-traditionalisation of the institution of domestic service, caused by contemporary migration processes, which introduce serious asymmetry to the situation of domestic worker. Combining own research materials with the information from literature concerning contemporary and past domestic workers, the text aims at individuating and describing basic models of relationships between domestic worker and employers. The individuated models are: “overt degradation”, “fictive kinship”, “professionalisation” and “friendly professionalism”. The article employs symbolic-interactional perspective to show the interplay between models and perspectives and the ways the models are used in everyday interactions between domestic workers and employers.
Family gender roles and family relationships influence the lives of Polish transnational families to a great extent. Traditionally adopted gender roles connected with being a mother and wife largely shape the experience and attitudes of Polish female migrants in Ireland: starting with the decision about the migration, through family relations during the separation period, and ending up at the point of reunion. Attempts to continue to perform the traditional role of a mother and wife in the face of the transnational migration is an effort to preserve Polish women’s sense of identity as well as provisional power within their families.
W debacie wokół przemian współczesnych rodzin i wzorców płci rzadko dyskutuje się o doświadczeniach kobiet spoza klasy średniej. W istocie niewiele wiemy na temat tego, jak po 1989 roku zmieniały się biografie, tożsamości i role rodzinne rolniczek i robotnic. Tymczasem od co najmniej kilku dekad to właśnie zwalniane z restrukturyzujących się fabryk pracownice, rolniczki i gospodynie domowe są bohaterkami cichej, niewidzialnej, choć masowej rewolucji. Jako (nie)legalne migrantki – sprzątaczki i opiekunki dzieci, osób starszych i chorych – zamieszkujące wraz z milionami podobnych sobie globalnych robotnic getta migracyjne w metropoliach Europy i Ameryki, musiały zmierzyć się z nowymi nierównościami, gruntownie przeorganizować role, tożsamości rodzinne i wzorce płci. Jak Polki radziły sobie z wieloletnią przymusową rozłąką z dziećmi w sytuacji, gdy „opieka na odległość” stała w sprzeczności z figurą matki rezydencjalnej utrwaloną w świadomości jako kanoniczna i niemodyfikowalna? Jak zmieniały się przy tym ich relacje z mężami, rodzinami i społecznościami lokalnymi? O jakich doświadczeniach, jakim językiem mówi „matka Polka na odległość”? Jakie kulisy życia polskich rodzin zaczęła odsłaniać, kiedy znalazła się tam – poza granicami domu, tradycyjnego świata społecznego wsi, miasteczka, państwa? Z czym wiąże się „postmodernizacja ubogich”? Autorka odpowiada na te pytania, zastanawiając się jednocześnie, czy od 1989 roku – kiedy okno dla masowych migracji kobiet otworzyło się szerzej – mieliśmy do czynienia z niedostrzeżoną rewolucją płci w społecznościach zwykle szufladkowanych jako twierdze tradycyjności. Analizy powstały na podstawie zebranych przez autorkę narracji autobiograficznych kobiet, których doświadczenie życia między dwoma krajami wpisywało się w dwie dekady transformacji 1989–2010. Książka nie mogłaby jednak powstać́ bez intensywnych badań terenowych, prowadzonych w Polsce i Belgii. Dały one wgląd w życie migrantek, ich rodzin i społeczności na wsiach i w małych polskich miasteczkach, ale także w gettach migracyjnych Brukseli.
Gender and International Migration in Europe is a unique work which introduces a gender dimension into theories of contemporary migrations. As the European Union seeks to extend equal opportunities, increasingly restrictionist immigration policies and the persistence of racism, deny autonomy and choice to migrant women. This work demonstrates how processes of globalisation and change in state policies on employment and welfare have maintained a demand for diverse forms of gendered immigration. The authors examine state and European Union policies of immigration control, family reunion, refugees and the management of immigrant and ethnic minority communities. Most importantly this work considers the opportunities created for political activity by migrant women and the extent to which they are able to influence and participate in mainstream policy-making. This volume will be essential reading for anyone involved in or interested in modern European immigration policy.
An anthology of 11 texts by foreign authors, both classic and new, written for this collection, gathered in three parts: "Family and kinship", "Gender and the nation, state and tribal organization", "Gender in the postcolonial world". The book contains both theoretical articles and texts analyzing the results of ethnographic field research in various parts of the world.
This article analyses the transnational parenting phenomenon in Poland and the moral panics — reaction to it as shown in both public discourses and actions of public institutions. Such features can be found while analysing discourses about “euro-orphans” (such a label is given to migrants’ children) that have occupied public discourses since mid-2007 in Poland. Based on discourse analysis of about 500 press articles from 2007–2008, I argue that in spite of the growing influence of global mobility in contemporary family life, and economic migration as a family strategy of survival, various “moral entrepreneurs” such as leaders of NGOs, social workers, educational workers, therapists, scientists, etc. construe the features of transmigrant parents as deviants, and label the strategy of migration as an individual act of family abandonment and serious threat to the well-being of the nation, etc. This deviancy discourse pertains particularly to the trans-national strategy adopted by mothers whose gendered role is in the Polish culture strictly connected with the role of child-rearing and with nurturing the nation the “Mother Pole” icon). I argue that moral panics in reaction to contemporary family change and actions of public institutions serve the function of the re-traditionalisation of the family to the traditional functionalist model.
The theoretical aim of this chapter is to work towards an account of global labour migration which includes an examination of transformative politics. To this end, the chapter explores several cases of global labour migration, some of them involving global networking, in which a change in the balance of power and a measure of justice in favour of the supposedly ‘powerless’ have been sought, and to some extent, achieved. The argument put forward here is that these ‘success stories’ are a result of collective agency operating across ethnic and national boundaries, and in some instances across class and gender boundaries as well.
Poland's accession to the European Union in May 2004 brought many new possibilities and opportunities for Polish migrants to Britain. However, the focus on individual migrants has underestimated the complex roles of families in migration strategies and decision-making. Based on a qualitative study of recent Polish migrants in London, this paper explores the varied dynamics of family relationships, including caring, support and obligation. We examine how families may be reconfigured in different ways through migration. Transnational networks and splits within families are also discussed. We conclude that, in exploring family migration, it is necessary to go beyond a household perspective to appreciate the diversity of transnational and inter-generational relationships.
In the Philippines, a dramatic increase in labor migration has created a large population of transnational migrant families. Thousands of children now grow up apart from one or both parents, as the parents are forced to work outside the country in order to send their children to school, give them access to quality health care, or, in some cases, just provide them with enough food. While the issue of transnational families has already generated much interest, this book is the first to offer a close look at the lives of the children in these families. Drawing on in-depth interviews with the family members left behind, the author examines two dimensions of the transnational family. First, she looks at the impact of distance on the intergenerational relationships, specifically from the childrenâs perspective. She then analyzes gender norms in these families, both their reifications and transgressions in transnational households. Acknowledging that geographical separation unavoidably strains family intimacy, Parreñas argues that the maintenance of traditional gender ideologies exacerbates and sometimes even creates the tensions that plague many Filipino migrant families.
An editorial overview of a special double issue of this journal devoted to Women in migration, each article of which is abstracted separately. The extent of and studies of women's migration are reviewed, with particular emphasis on the integration of independent long-distance migrants into the labour force of advanced capitalist countries, and the gains and losses to women that arise are assessed. -W.T.S.Gould Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris, France.
How to improve healthcare access for Chinese migrants? We show that the social network is a major key. It uses a 2006 dataset from a survey of rural migrant workers conducted in five cities amongst the most economically advanced. We use a fixed effect logit model and we control for the non-exogeneity of the health insurance. The empirical findings support the hypothesis of return to the hometown for migrant workers with deteriorated health. The residence registration system and the importance of family/relative support in the outcome of the treatment incent them to then leave the city. Besides the level of income, the social integration of migrant workers is such a decisive criteria of the access to healthcare. Politicies aiming at improving the latter should involve organisations working at the local level, such as the resident committees.
Tożsamość osoby zatrudniającej pomoc domową. Bliskość i asymetria jako kwestie problematyczne w relacji z pracownikiem domowym
- Kordasiewicz Anna
Migracja zarobkowa a życie rodzinne kobiet z Opolszczyzny
- Krasnodębska Anna
Polscy migranci i ich starzejący się rodzice. Transnarodowy system opieki międzygeneracyjnej
- Krzyżowski Łukasz
Kobiety - nielegalne imigrantki z Polski w Brukseli pod koniec XX w. Zjawiska i problemy
- Kuźma Elżbieta
Łańcuchy opieki" w dyskursie i w praktyce. Studium przypadku polskich i ukraińskich migrantek oraz ich rodzin
- Lutz Helma
- Pallenga-Mollenbeck Ewa
Migration memoirs and narratives of Polish migrants in Berlin
- Praszałowicz Dorota
Badanie ubóstwa w krajach postkomunistycznych i kategoria underclass
- Tarkowska Elżbieta
Matka migrantka. Perspektywa transnarodowości w badaniu przemian ról rodzicielskich
- Urbańska Sylwia
Makroekonomiczna analiza sytuacji kobiet w Polsce
- Zachorowska-Mazurkiewicz Anna
Kobiety i ubóstwo w Polsce. Badania i analizy
- Gawlicz Katarzyna
- Starnawski Maciej
Analiza społecznych konsekwencji współczesnej mobilności przestrzennej kobiet na przykładzie Podlasianek w Brukseli, referat wygłoszony na konferencji Młoda polska emigracja w UE jako przedmiot badań psychologicznych, socjologicznych i kulturowych
- Kuźma Elżbieta
Kobiety i ubóstwo. Widzialna ręka neoliberalnego państwa
- Charkiewicz Ewa
Izabela Desperak (red.), Homofobia, mizoginia i ciemnogród? Burzliwe dzieje kontrowersyjnych ustaw
- Desperak Izabela
Childbearing of UK and non-UK born women living in the UK - 2011 Census Data, Office for National Statistics
- Dormon Oliver
Pożegnanie z Matką Polką?
- Hryciuk Renata
- Korolczuk Elżbieta
Biographical consequences of working abroad in the context of european mental space construction (draft version), referat wygłoszony na Euroidentities Final Conference, Bruksela, 9-10.02, www.euroidentities.org/Workinprogress/Filetoupload,248856,en
- Kaźmierska Kaja
- Waniek Katarzyna
- Piotrowski Andrzej
Transformacja jako czynnik konstytuujący nowe grupy zagrożone ubóstwem w kontekście tzw
- Skóra Maria
Gender, Migration and Work: Perspectives and Debates in the UK
- Anthias Floya
- Cederberg Maja
Doświadczenia wojenne Polaków a kształtowanie tożsamości etnicznej
- Kaźmierska Kaja
Obywatelstwo i płeć w neoliberalnym mieście. Warunki życia młodych kobiet w Wałbrzychu, Biblioteka Online Think Tanku Feministycznego
- Maciejewska Małgorzata
- Marszałek Marcin
Między dwoma krajami i dwoma światami życia. Na przykładzie migrantek - prostytutek z Ukrainy w Krakowie
- Slany Krystyna
- Krzystek Karolina
Female Emigration from Poland during the Period of Systematic Transformation (on the Basis of the Emigration from Poland to the USA and Italy), [w:] Krystyna Slany (red
- Slany Krystyna
- Małek Agnieszka
Ubóstwo i wykluczenie społeczne młodzieży
- Tarkowska Elżbieta
Przemiany macierzyństwa w procesie globalnych migracji kobiet, niepublikowana praca doktorska
- Urbańska Sylwia
Życie i umieranie: (nie)normalna, (nie)ludzka rzecz
- Wiatr Anna
Post-2004 migration from Polish small towns to Western Europe, referat wygłoszony na British Association for Slavonic and East European Studies Conference
- Anne White