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Does (H5O2)+− X (X = Ar, Ne, He) complex with C2 symmetry really exist?

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Abstract

Different configurations of (H5O2)⁺− Ar, (H5O2)⁺− Ne and (H5O2)⁺− He complexes were calculated using DFT methods and series of Dunning and Pople basis sets. The possibility of the existence of an equilibrium configuration with C2 symmetry for complexes analyzed was in focus of the studies carried out. DFT methods that do not take into account dispersion interactions, as a rule, define (H5O2)⁺− X (X = Ar, Ne, He) configurations with C2 symmetry as transitional states. At the same time, such DFT methods as B1B95, B98, and WB97X make it possible to determine geometric parameters of these complexes with C2 symmetry in equilibrium configurations. Taking into account dispersion interactions in the framework of D3 Grimme approach and using density functionals, including dispersion interactions (such as M06-2X, wB97XD, etc.), leads to the situation, when configurations of the complexes such as (H5O2)⁺− X (X = Ar, Ne, He) with C2 symmetry calculated using most of the basis sets turn out to be equilibrium. However, calculations within the framework of MP2, MP4, and CCSD (T) methods determine configurations of complexes with C2 symmetry as transition states, while the experimental data on the IR spectra of (H5O2)⁺− Ar complex probably point out to the existence of an equilibrium configuration of this complex with C2 symmetry. In addition to structural analysis for equilibrium configurations found, IR spectra were calculated in harmonic and in some cases also in anharmonic approximations. Calculated IR spectra were compared to protonated water dimer IR spectra calculated at the same level of theory in equilibrium configuration and in the transition state.
Does (H5O2)+- X (X=Ar,Ne,He) complex with C2 symmetry really exist?
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 ! !
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Abstract
&''(')((' *+,-./0" 1 *+,-./0" !  *+,-./0" + ($2 3  ) &45
(('&)($5$(('2('6(')(
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($(('*+,-./0"8*891!+/(')(37. 
(1&45(:;,;<=;>8$((
)($(' ($2 3 7.   6 (')( 5) ( (
$(  (      '3(  ('  &?   $$(    )    '(  )
$(  (  *    @A".8  3;>8&  /    (    (  3  (')(  ('  
($2*+,-./0"8*891!+/37.)(('((
6 +(3 ( 3  '3( (' . B 77& *5/( 
(')(('($237.(32$( C$('
*+,-./0"1($2$($(((2('6(')(('($237.
( (  '(6 (')( '( C$3 
(((($$(2(7 C$3($($((
3 C$('(6(')((
Keywords
((3D6(')(D&45D$((D C$
Introduction
CE)3(F'3(6$($G:"<H(
(($('(()'G;H('3$($((
 (' ( G:@":?H 3  G:B":;H  3 G.@".?H  G.B".<H
C$(('$(('63G.;"?:H()
'(($((3G?."?AH((3*=&/$(()
()($23()()('3)(('
$(((2 ($() '*/62($2'
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('::('I(($(('IG,BH4((('($2
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=&01($2$);@@"::@@":*$((G,.H/5'E2$(
(')6(')(('=&01($2 G?>?<H3(3(4(
)(('$((=&()((' C$(
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($2 (()('(-( ()($6
($(('=&08*891!+/($2 C$3=& C$
('(6(')(( 3)(('3(
Method of calculation
56(')((' =&08 *8 91!+/($2 3'( 3(''
$((('()((=& 'G,.,<H*4):/()(
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(()(())(3((((2('(
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1()=&01(')($4):3('(G,.,<H''=&
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$((('&?G>BH3( (((3$'().
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Fig. 153($($((('()((=&
Results of calculation
1('(3'( ((('((
(.6(')(('=&08*891!+/($2$4):
 4((')(('($()($237. *4) :/  ( 
''=)("$((*.B77&*5//((3''
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+/($2 3 7.  3   ('  '(  ( (  ( ( $(
(()$('(()+(33
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(')(      (    $        '(      $  ()  3    (  7 :
(')((3$3(((2$
C $ ('=&=& 08($2*891!+/ ( (
*5./$$(2(  3;>8&L"$5J  (' (  $ 5.   (' 
( ('( $(( 6(')((' ($23
()()7.$
Discussion
1('$5:(3)('('($$('
('  ( ) ( ( =&  2 7 . ( ( )  )( $ ('=&
6(')()'5)(')(()((
()')('())(6(3)('()
(
Fig. 27($$(2(?K"&?L"$5J('(*/2$*/ C$
G,.H('=&01*/=&0!*/($2'(7:*/7.*/'((*/(')(;@@O:.@@":
$)(5(3(32$((' C)($()(
4(
4(  (    $    (    ''      *
∆ lO O
Ne =∆ lO O
PWD +Ne ∆ lO O
PWD =@@@:.A Å
  
∆ lO O
He =@@@@A; Å
D 
∆ lO O
Ne =@@@@B; Å
 
∆ lO O
He =@@@@?A Å
/ '( @A".8L"$5J  3;>8&L"$5J  (' ( $
+(3('1(''()'*
∆ lO−−O
Ar
9@@@B?;@@@?@<P'(@A"
.8L"$5J3;>8&L"$5J('($/
((('()(($$('=&($2(()('
())+(3($(3$(( ('($
()')('())(6()'3)('
() (1$(  ( $(( ''(('1(
$  ($)     (    @A".8L"$5J    3;>8&L"$5J    ('  (  
()  3    $(    3  #
∆ lO O
He =@@@@B: Å
 
∆ lO−−O
Ne =@@@: Å
4
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
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148
149
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7
8
  
∆ lO O
He =@@@@A? Å
 
∆ lO O
Ne =@@@:;> Å
∆ lO O
Ar =@@:B.; Å
$ ((()())('=&
(+!(($)'(3((')(('($2$4)
::7($()$((1(()'$)'(
31((($$('=& ((3#:/'('
$(('(('())()'('=&(
./)('())=&01($2)'(=&(')(
(
5:()($('=&($2(')(37 . 736
(')(('=&08*891!+/($23()( (7 .  2 ( $$
3;>8&L"$5J('(+
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")
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7($2 
: B , B
G H
L 
O H O H
Å
l l
 
 
: ,
O O
Å
l

. : , A
G)H
H O O H
: B ,
G)H
O H O
 
. B
L
X H H
Å
l

)
G+H
=&01 7::.<,;AL::..<. .B@A@. B:<.> :>BB;: ..,<,: "A<@>A.A@;:@.
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=& 7:.,@;.L::B?@? .?;.,B A>AAB :>A@A< " ":,?.:.,.B;<?
=&01 7.::;<?B .?;B<: .AA<A :>,B>? ????A: "A<@>A:??,A..
=&0! 7.::;>?; .?;... ?@<<< :>B>:: ?.?,<@ ".<.:,??,.;:B
=&0+ 7.::;>?< .?;.@; ?,B;: :>B,;> ?.@@A. ":,A:..?A<?;<
=& 7.::;>?? .?;:>? ?;?B, :>B?.A " ":,?.:.;;.BA>
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6(')(=&08*891!+/($237:7.=&($26
(
PWD + Ar complex
Complex type Ar on С2 symmetry
axis Ar on the periphery Free PWD C2/CS
NAssignment
Frequency,
[cm-1]
harm/anhar
m
Intensity,
[км/mol]
Frequency,
[cm-1]
harm/anharm
Intensity,
[км/mol]
Frequency,
[cm-1]
harm/anharm
Intensity,
[км/mol]
1 Vibration involving Ar atom 26/-19337 18 36/29 5 C- -
2 Vibration involving Ar atom 83/-6932 20 110/415 37 - -
3 Vibration involving Ar atom 98/-62395 10 114/-354 29 C- -
5
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
9
10
4Twist. H2O s1)(d2))
168/-
23647 37
238/299 25
C2 167/368
CS -277/-518
32
299
5Rock. H2O as3)(d) + Stretch. O---H---O as(d)
372/-
16554 235
314/169 256
C2 336/285
CS 195/-88
288
39
6Rock. H2O s(d)
486/-
37487 176
452/412 126
C2 434/307
CS 418/368
201
191
7Wag. + Twist. H2O s(d)+ Bend. O---H---O
s(d)
525/-4764 18
497/562 220
C2 509/355
CS 489/ 508
13
95
8Wag. + Twist. H2O as(d)+ Bend.O--H--O
as(d)
576/-
29533 76
544/535 31
C2 522/476
CS 495/510
46
17
9Stretch. O-----O s(d) 616/-1800 0
593/330 119
C2 618/218
CS 555/509
0
279
10 Stretch. O---H---O as(d)+ Rock. H2O as(d) 882/1258 2806
1244/82 1950
C2 874/1239
CS 1062/59
2929
2114
11 Bend. O---H---O as(d) 1432/128 199
1397/1362 274
C2
1467/1293
CS
1412/1462
244
12 Bend. O---H---O s(d) 1581/626 106
1595/1385 179
C2
1536/1345
CS
1568/1214
102
64
13 Bend. H-O-H s(d)
1716/-
2869 16
1697/1586 9
C2
1697/1481
CS
1675/1633
0
50
14 Bend. H-O-H as(d) 1754/-438 883
1791/1588 1446
C2
1756/1829
CS
1781/1517
972
1424
15 Stretch. O-H s(m4)) as(d) 3791/2436 191
3652/3660 608
C2
3794/3674
CS
3786/3668
225
147
16 Stretch. O-H s(m) s(d) 3799/2589 8
3820/3606 96
C2
3802/3682
CS
3832/3650
7
98
17 Stretch. O-H as(m) as(d) 3883/2137 177
3842/3739 286
C2
3887/3754
CS
3874/3741
233
290
18 Stretch. O-H as(m) s(d) 3884/2192 363
3913/3663 239
C2
3888/3753
CS
3930/3738
310
275
PWD + Ne complex
Complex type Ne on С2 symmetry
axis Ne on the periphery Free PWD C2/CS
NAssignment
Frequency,
[cm-1]
harm/anhar
m
Intensity,
[км/mol]
Frequency,
[cm-1]
harm/anharm
Intensity,
[км/mol]
Frequency,
[cm-1]
harm/anharm
Intensity,
[км/mol]
1 Vibration involving Ne atom 18/-
198979 9 17/-26 3 C- -
2 Vibration involving Ne atom 36/-18050 10 61/-1796 7 - -
3 Vibration involving Ne atom 39/-22648 9 67/-238 38 C- -
4Twist. H2O s(d) 167/-18332 38
182/-16 24
C2 167/368
CS -277/-518
32
299
5Rock. H2O as(d) + Stretch. O---H---O as(d) 342/-173 301
337/363 277
C2 336/285
CS 195/-88
288
39
6Rock. H2O s(d) 439/-3641 173
445/121 179
C2 434/307
CS 418/368
201
191
7Wag. + Twist. H2O s(d)+ Bend. O---H---O
s(d)
499/-136 16
519/517 57
C2 509/355
CS 489/ 508
13
95
8Wag. + Twist. H2O as(d)+ Bend.O--H--O
as(d)
540/-394 59
523/284 38
C2 522/476
CS 495/510
46
17
9Stretch. O-----O s(d) 618/284 0
591/631 183
C2 618/218
CS 555/509
0
279
10 Stretch. O---H---O as(d)+ Rock. H2O as(d) 875/211 2874 C2 874/1239 2929
611
12
947/456 2674 CS 1062/59 2114
11 Bend. O---H---O as(d) 1428/205 231
1455/1477 266
C2
1467/1293
CS
1412/1462
244
12 Bend. O---H---O s(d) 1567/1495 102
1546/1246 128
C2
1536/1345
CS
1568/1214
102
64
13 Bend. H-O-H s(d) 1701/134 4
1697/1612 2
C2
1697/1481
CS
1675/1633
0
50
14 Bend. H-O-H as(d) 1755/591 976
1759/1805 1012
C2
1756/1829
CS
1781/1517
972
1424
15 Stretch. O-H s(m) as(d) 3794/3496 220
3775/3456 222
C2
3794/3674
CS
3786/3668
225
147
16 Stretch. O-H s(m) s(d) 3803/3501 8
3807/3650 73
C2
3802/3682
CS
3832/3650
7
98
17 Stretch. O-H as(m) as(d) 3888/3558 196
3869/3730 312
C2
3887/3754
CS
3874/3741
233
290
18 Stretch. O-H as(m) s(d) 3888/3567 342
3897/3719 259
C2
3888/3753
CS
3930/3738
310
275
PWD + He complex
Complex type He on С2 symmetry
axis He on the periphery Free PWD C2/CS
NAssignment
Frequency,
[cm-1]
harm/anhar
m
Intensity,
[км/mol]
Frequency,
[cm-1]
harm/anharm
Intensity,
[км/mol]
Frequency,
[cm-1]
harm/anharm
Intensity,
[км/mol]
1 Vibration involving He atom 24/-79364 21 16/-9 1 C- -
2 Vibration involving He atom 44/-86637 5 49/-626 24 - -
3 Vibration involving He atom 81/-58161 3 67/-754 8 C- -
4Twist. H2O s(d)
171/-
20135 34
175/27 27
C2 167/368
CS -277/-518
32
299
5Rock. H2O as(d) + Stretch. O---H---O as(d)
341/-
19121 293
342/236 291
C2 336/285
CS 195/-88
288
39
6Rock. H2O s(d)
441/-
20295 195
438/307 190
C2 434/307
CS 418/368
201
191
7Wag. + Twist. H2O s(d)+ Bend. O---H---O
s(d)
506/-6059 10
513/306 20
C2 509/355
CS 489/ 508
13
95
8Wag. + Twist. H2O as(d)+ Bend.O--H--O
as(d)
534/-
20629 48
526/459 43
C2 522/476
CS 495/510
46
17
9Stretch. O-----O s(d) 618/-1034 0
615/241 27
C2 618/218
CS 555/509
0
279
10 Stretch. O---H---O as(d)+ Rock. H2O as(d) 877/-1773 2913
878/1269 2911
C2 874/1239
CS 1062/59
2929
2114
11 Bend. O---H---O as(d) 1451/-207 227
1462/1319 244
C2 1467/1293
CS 1412/1462
244
12 Bend. O---H---O s(d) 1550/716 102
1543/1320 102
C2 1536/1345
CS 1568/1214
102
64
13 Bend. H-O-H s(d)
1700/-
3654 2
1698/1510 2
C2 1697/1481
CS 1675/1633
0
50
14 Bend. H-O-H as(d) 1757/603 975
1756/1816 966
C2 1756/1829
CS 1781/1517
972
1424
15 Stretch. O-H s(m) as(d) 3794/2797 223
3792/3621 225
C2 3794/3674
CS 3786/3668
225
147
16 Stretch. O-H s(m) s(d) 3802/2780 6 C2 3802/3682 7
713
14
3801/3626 17 CS 3832/3650 98
17 Stretch. O-H as(m) as(d) 3887/2995 214
3883/3716 287
C2 3887/3754
CS 3874/3741
233
290
18 Stretch. O-H as(m) s(d) 3888/2990 326
3889/3697 270
C2 3888/3753
CS 3930/3738
310
275
1) – symmetric type; 2) – dimer; 3) – asymmetric type; 4) – monomer.
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(  ('      '(      ($2  3  6  (')(  ())  (  7.   7:
('=&08*89!+/($23(6(')(() (7.
((25('$('(6(')(('=&0
1 ($237.    ('  ab initio (   (   ' '( 
($23($((
        =& 0 8 *8 9 1 ! +/ ($2 3 6
(')(3()(((2(5((
(3(''((()(((()
(($((((3'(')( (
6( (' 3(($((   C $ ('=&01($2
;@@"::@@":$)(G,.H($
Conclusions
2('('$(()($('
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Conflicts of interest
5(('(
Acknowledgments
=(('G,.H $R(31R((S&R(17('(
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G,H=  7$ R1 4( C 3 1(1 5(('' J. Chem. Phys. :B> *.@:>/
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&(((11SJ.Spectrochem. Acta Part A:;A*.@:</B@A
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... Extensive information has been collected on the spectral and structural parameters of the hydrogen bridge (X-H-Y) [1][2][3][4][5], though it should be recognized that one of its many versions of the form -is of the greatest interest, since it determines the basic properties of the most important liquid in the Universewater, and ensures the existence of life and efficiency of essential biological processes. Therefore, today the focus of attention is primarily on the analysis of hydrogen bonds in liquid [6][7][8][9][10][11] and crystalline [12][13][14] water, and in water clusters [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. However, in water and water clusters the weakest hydrogen bond among all complexes with hydrogen bridges of the form O--is realized. ...
Article
Structure and spectral characteristics of eight compounds with hydrogen bonds of different strength were calculated at the B3LYP/cc-pVTZ level of theory. A wide range of variation of the hydrogen bond strength in the analyzed compounds allowed us to obtain correlation dependences between the structural characteristics of the hydrogen bridge, the calculated values of the frequencies of stretching vibrations of donor hydroxyl groups, the values of the force constants of hydroxyl and hydrogen bonds, and the dissociation energies of hydrogen bonds. The obtained correlations can be used to evaluate a number of characteristics in compounds with hydrogen bonds.
Article
Previously calculated multidimensional potential-energy surfaces of the MeOH monomer and dimer, water dimer, malonaldehyde, formic acid dimer, free pyridine-N-oxide/trichloroacetic acid complex, and protonated water dimer were analyzed. The corresponding harmonic potential-energy surfaces near the global minima were constructed for series of clusters and complexes with hydrogen bonds of different strengths based on the behavior of the calculated multidimensional potential-energy surfaces. This enabled the introduction of an obvious anharmonicity parameter for the calculated potential-energy surfaces. The anharmonicity parameter was analyzed as functions of the size of the analyzed area near the energy minimum, the number of points over which energies were compared, and the dimensionality of the solved vibrational problem. Anharmonicity parameters for potential-energy surfaces in complexes with strong, medium, and weak H-bonds were calculated under identical conditions. The obtained anharmonicity parameters were compared with the corresponding diagonal anharmonicity constants for stretching vibrations of the bridging protons and the lengths of the hydrogen bridges.
Article
The frequencies and intensities of vibration–rotational transitions of water molecules in an argon matrix were calculated for temperatures of 6 and 30 K. The rigid asymmetric top approximation was used with available literature values of the effective rotational constants in the ground and excited vibrational states. The calculations were carried out by taking into account the existence of a non-equilibrium population distribution between the rotational levels of ortho- and para-water isomers. It was assumed that the temperature relaxation of the population of rotational levels is independent of the ortho- and para-isomers. Comparison of the results of the theoretical calculations with experimental literature data shows good agreement for the majority of the rotational structure lines for symmetric and antisymmetric stretching vibrations both in the frequency values and in the values of the relative intensities.