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1,2,3-triazole functionalized polystyrene and perdeuterated polystyrene chelating latexes

DOI:10.1007/s00396-019-04509-2
Authors:
Hadjira Lahmar at University of Oran1
Hadjira Lahmar
  • University of Oran1
Ibrahim Badr at Claude Bernard University Lyon 1
Ibrahim Badr
Chariya Kaewsaneha at Sirindhorn International Institute of Technology (SIIT)
Chariya Kaewsaneha
Abdelhamid Elaissari at CNRS- Claude Bernard University Lyon 1
Abdelhamid Elaissari
  • CNRS- Claude Bernard University Lyon 1
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Abstract and Figures

Emulsifier-free polystyrene latexes with immobilized triazolic residues have been prepared by batch emulsion copolymerization of styrene with 1,2,3-triazole-based acrylic monomers containing diethylene or triethylene glycol monomethyl ether groups DEGTz and TEGTz, respectively. The effect of monomer structure and concentration on polymerization conversion, particle size, and morphology was investigated. Particle composition was also evidenced by ¹H-NMR analysis. It was found that DEGTz monomer with the shorter pegylated chain allows the formation of the smaller particles with a better control of polytriazole water soluble oligomers formation. DEGTz and TEGTz were then used in batch and shot-growth polymerization of styrene-d8 in the aim to highlight the effect of deuterium isotope substitution. It was shown that the use of deuterated styrene significantly impacts the polymerization conversion as well as particle size and shape regardless of the monomer structure. Shot-growth process disadvantaged the copolymer particle formation in favor of obtaining water soluble polymers. This was confirmed from the NMR study and from the large values of surface charge density of latexes obtained from electrophoretic mobility.
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ORIGINAL CONTRIBUTION
1,2,3-triazole functionalized polystyrene and perdeuterated
polystyrene chelating latexes
Hadjira Lahmar
1
&Ibrahim Badr
2
&Chariya Kaewsaneha
2,3
&Abdelhamid Elaissari
2
&Salima Saidi-Besbes
1
Received: 30 January 2019 /Revised: 9 March 2019 /Accepted: 1 April 2019 /Published online: 27 May 2019
#Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2019
Abstract
Emulsifier-free polystyrene latexes with immobilized triazolic residues have been prepared by batch emulsion copolymerization
of styrene with 1,2,3-triazole-based acrylic monomers containing diethylene or triethylene glycol monomethyl ether groups
DEGTz and TEGTz, respectively. The effect of monomer structure and concentration on polymerization conversion, particle
size, and morphology was investigated. Particle composition was also evidenced by
1
H-NMR analysis. It was found that DEGTz
monomer with the shorter pegylated chain allows the formation of the smaller particles with a better control of polytriazole water
soluble oligomers formation. DEGTz and TEGTz were then used in batch and shot-growth polymerization of styrene-d8 in the
aim to highlight the effect of deuterium isotope substitution. It was shown that the use of deuterated styrene significantly impacts
the polymerization conversion as well as particle size and shape regardless of the monomer structure. Shot-growth process
disadvantaged the copolymer particle formation in favor of obtaining water soluble polymers. This was confirmed from the
NMR study and from the large values of surface charge density of latexes obtained from electrophoretic mobility.
Keywords 1,2,3-triazole .Chelating monomer .Emulsion polymerization .Perdeuterated polystyrene .Shot-growth process
Introduction
In recent years, the use of polymer supports for immobiliza-
tion of several ligands, catalysis and probes has generated
great interest for organic synthesis, biomedical, and environ-
mental applications [1,2]. The activity of attached reagent is
directly tied to its accessibility to the active sites and is often
limited due the burying of these sites inside the cross-linked
supports. In this context, the development of novel supported
polymers with improved selectivity, efficiency, stability, reac-
tion kinetic, thermal, and mechanical properties is highly re-
quested for products that fulfill customers’requirements.
Several methods have been used to access to such polymers
with controlled functionality, size, and size distribution such
as emulsion polymerization, suspension polymerization, pre-
cipitation polymerization, or atom transfer radical (ATRP) and
reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) po-
lymerization techniques [3–5]. Micro- and submicrosized par-
ticles with a broad variety of morphologies can be obtained
that exhibit high surface area to volume ratio helpful for inter-
action with actives sites. Among these methods, emulsion
polymerization has gained its popularity as an easy production
process because of its numerous outstanding advantageous as
good temperature control, high polymerization rate, low vis-
cosity of the final dispersions, and easy removal of unreacted
monomers. Furthermore, the use of emulsifier–free process
allows to prevent the contamination of the final products by
emulsifier and consequently the latex properties deterioration
due to the surfactant migration particularly for coating and
adhesive applications [6,7].
For metal remediation applications, various low-molecular
ligands have been immobilized on polymer matrix. Among
them, those containing nitrogen, oxygen, and phosphorus
atoms received particular attention due to their strong affinity
for divalent transition metal cations. The most common li-
gands include heterocyclic amines, amidoximes, dithizone,
*Salima Saidi-Besbes
saidi.salima@univ-oran1.dz
1
Laboratoire de Synthèse Organique Appliquée (LSOA),
Département de Chimie, Faculté des Sciences Exactes et Appliquées,
Université Oran1, Bp 1524 El Mnaouer, 31000 Oran, Algeria
2
CNRS, LAGEP-UMR 5007, Univ Lyon, University Claude Bernard
Lyon-1, F-69622 Lyon, France
3
School of Bio-Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sirindhorn
International Institute of Technology (SIIT), Thammasat University,
PathumThani 12121, Thailand
Colloid and Polymer Science (2019) 297:1119–1131
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00396-019-04509-2
Content courtesy of Springer Nature, terms of use apply. Rights reserved.
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