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Handicrafts role in the development of the contemporary creative economy

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Abstract

Handicrafts play an important role in preserving country's heritage, using available resources and thus developing the creative economy through small creative industries. Handicrafts make people use their hands and skills to create useful handmade products. Its benefits are not limited to physical gain but are also beneficial psychologically, mentally and physically. Therefore, giving personal development opportunities could help people to build up their high-quality business and art performing. This study concerned with crochet as one of the most prominent needlework handicrafts. Crochet is a centuries-old needlecraft, it is a process of creating textured fabric by interlocking loops of yarn/thread by means of a needle hook. The aim of this study is to teach 20 young ladies aged between 18 and 22 years to crochet and to produce high-quality crocheted garments with distinctive designs using the available materials and to consider different types of marketing to deliver their products to consumers. In 32 hours (divided into 8 sections each one includes 4 hours), young ladies have been taught how to hold the yarn and the needle hook, how to read the written patterns, the international terms and notations, basic stitches and skills, and how to put these factors together to design a product. Garments produced in this study using different yarn types (cotton, acrylic, wool/acrylic, etc.) with different yarn counts according to the design. The produced garments were creatively designed and professionally executed. Production cost and profit margin for each piece were calculated. This study proved that crochet is one of the most high-profit craft activity to develop small-scale enterprises. Although crochet is an old craft, it can be updated to keep pace with modern fashion lines and consumer demands. Young ladies, in this study, were interested in developing their skills and investing leisure in something useful and profitable at the same time. Therefore, most of them showed a noticeable response, flexibility, curiosity, imagination, creativity, and sense of design for what they have been taught. The socioeconomic results represented in the achievements and pride of their contribution in supporting themselves and their families. It has been found that the prices of handmade crochet garments can compete with similar pieces in the market, considering the possibility of carrying out any individual design with any size and any color according to customer request, which is not available for manufactured garments. It was found that the success in the creative economy depends on both creativity and commercial talents. So, to be successful as a creative entrepreneur, you must understand the application of art with technology and business skills which depends on personality and individual talents.
838 |Journal of Specific Education and Technology (Scientific and applied research) - Issued byFaculty of Specific Education -KafrElsheikh
University - Egypt
Handicrafts role in the development of the contemporary
creative economy
H. Z. Abou Hashish*
Textile & Apparel Section, Women’s College, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
E-mail: heba.abouhashish@women.asu.edu.eg
*Corresponding author
Handicrafts play an important role in preserving country's heritage, using
available resources and thus developing the creative economy through small
creative industries. Handicrafts make people use their hands and skills to
create useful handmade products. Its benefits are not limited to physical gain
but are also beneficial psychologically, mentally and physically. Therefore,
giving personal development opportunities could help people to build up
their high-quality business and art performing.
This study concerned with crochet as one of the most prominent needlework
handicrafts. Crochet is a centuries-old needlecraft, it is a process of creating
textured fabric by interlocking loops of yarn/thread by means of a needle
hook. The aim of this study is to teach 20 young ladies aged between 18 and
22 years to crochet and to produce high-quality crocheted garments with
distinctive designs using the available materials and to consider different
types of marketing to deliver their products to consumers. In 32
hours(divided into 8 sections each one includes 4 hours), young ladies have
been taught how to hold the yarn and the needle hook, how to read the
written patterns, the international terms and notations, basic stitches and
skills, and how to put these factors together to design a product. Garments
produced in this study using different yarn types (cotton, acrylic,
wool/acrylic, etc.) with different yarn counts according to the design. The
produced garments were creatively designed and professionally executed.
Production cost and profit margin for each piece were calculated.
This study proved that crochet is one of the most high-profit craft activity to
develop small-scale enterprises. Although crochet is an old craft, it can be
updated to keep pace with modern fashion lines and consumer demands.
Young ladies, in this study, were interested in developing their skills and
:ﻥﺍﻮﻨﻌﻟﺍHandicrafts Role in the Development of the Contemporary Creative Economy
:ﺭﺪﺼﻤﻟﺍﺎﻴﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻋﻮﻨﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺑﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻠﺠﻣ
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:ﻲﺴﻴﺋﺮﻟﺍ ﻒﻟؤﻤﻟﺍAbou Hashish, H. Z.
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ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﻼﻟ ﺓﺩﺎﻤﻟﺍ ﻩﺬﻫ ﺔﻋﺎﺒﻃ ﻭﺃ ﻞﻴﻤﺤﺗ ﻚﻨﻜﻤﻳ .ﺔﻇﻮﻔﺤﻣ ﺮﺸﻨﻟﺍ ﻕﻮﻘﺣ ﻊﻴﻤﺟ ﻥﺃ ﺎﻤﻠﻋ ،ﺮﺸﻨﻟﺍ ﻕﻮﻘﺣ ﺏﺎﺤﺻﺃ ﻊﻣ ﻊﻗﻮﻤﻟﺍ ﻕﺎﻔﺗﻹﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺀﺎﻨﺑ ﺔﺣﺎﺘﻣ ﺓﺩﺎﻤﻟﺍ ﻩﺬﻫ
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838 |Journal of Specific Education and Technology (Scientific and applied research) - Issued byFaculty of Specific Education -KafrElsheikh
University - Egypt
Handicrafts role in the development of the contemporary
creative economy
H. Z. Abou Hashish*
Textile & Apparel Section, Women’s College, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
E-mail: heba.abouhashish@women.asu.edu.eg
*Corresponding author
Handicrafts play an important role in preserving country's heritage, using
available resources and thus developing the creative economy through small
creative industries. Handicrafts make people use their hands and skills to
create useful handmade products. Its benefits are not limited to physical gain
but are also beneficial psychologically, mentally and physically. Therefore,
giving personal development opportunities could help people to build up
their high-quality business and art performing.
This study concerned with crochet as one of the most prominent needlework
handicrafts. Crochet is a centuries-old needlecraft, it is a process of creating
textured fabric by interlocking loops of yarn/thread by means of a needle
hook. The aim of this study is to teach 20 young ladies aged between 18 and
22 years to crochet and to produce high-quality crocheted garments with
distinctive designs using the available materials and to consider different
types of marketing to deliver their products to consumers. In 32
hours(divided into 8 sections each one includes 4 hours), young ladies have
been taught how to hold the yarn and the needle hook, how to read the
written patterns, the international terms and notations, basic stitches and
skills, and how to put these factors together to design a product. Garments
produced in this study using different yarn types (cotton, acrylic,
wool/acrylic, etc.) with different yarn counts according to the design. The
produced garments were creatively designed and professionally executed.
Production cost and profit margin for each piece were calculated.
This study proved that crochet is one of the most high-profit craft activity to
develop small-scale enterprises. Although crochet is an old craft, it can be
updated to keep pace with modern fashion lines and consumer demands.
Young ladies, in this study, were interested in developing their skills and
839 |Journal of Specific Education and Technology (Scientific and applied research) - Issued byFaculty of Specific Education -KafrElsheikh
University - Egypt
investing leisure in something useful and profitable at the same
time.Therefore, most of them showed a noticeable response, flexibility,
curiosity, imagination, creativity, and sense of design for what they have
been taught. The socioeconomic results represented in the achievements and
pride of their contribution in supporting themselves and their families. It has
been found that the prices of handmade crochet garments can compete with
similar pieces in the market, considering the possibility of carrying out any
individual design with any size and any color according to customer request,
which is not available for manufactured garments. It was found that the
success in the creative economy depends on both creativity and commercial
talents. So, to be successful as a creative entrepreneur, you must understand
the application of art with technology and business skills which depends on
personality and individual talents.
Key words: handicrafts, crochet, needlework, needlecraft, handmade,
creative economy
Introduction
Communities have their own cultures and resources that affect the nature of
life and the vision and interests of individuals. The contemporary handicrafts
are very connected to the past (Bryan-Wilson, 2013), the impact of national
heritage cannot be ignored because it is a key factor in the development of
creative industries. Handicraft is an activity that needs hand skills to produce
a product without using machines. Crochet is a needlework handicraft which
means making a fabric throughout interlocking yarn/thread using a needle
hook. It is one of the most important creative activities practiced by
individuals using available resources. Crochet is easy to learn, it needs only
a needle hook and yarn to produce stunning projects. The importance of
crochet is not limited to be a craft through which money can be gained, but it
also has health, physiological and mental benefits. Crochet used as a therapy
for stress, anxiety, insomnia and dementia. It helps to relief depression, relax
840 |Journal of Specific Education and Technology (Scientific and applied research) - Issued byFaculty of Specific Education -KafrElsheikh
University - Egypt
and grief processing (Polino). Crochet helps to build social relationships
through fairs, events, yarn stores and online craft communities (Mayne,
2016)(Liddle, Parkinson, & Sibbritt, 2013). It also helps to reduce stress,
improve the mood and self-confidence (Colucci & Bessonette, 2015).
Crochet and the creative economy
Crochet is one of the prominent handicrafts sold throughout the world.
Producing crochet products is an integrated industry that determined by
several factors: Cultural heritage, available row materials, hand acquired
skills, marketplaces and customer demand. These factors are considered as
the marketing value chain which consists of inputs, manufacturing and
marketing(UNIDO, 2007). Inputs are represented in the countrys cultural
heritage, raw materials, individual skills, personal creativity, equipment and
technology. Manufacturing component refers to the raw materials processing
to create a crochet product. Marketing is the most important component that
continuously feed the value chain.
Creativity in crochet is a way to innovation and economic growth and to be a
part of the creative industries which are depending on individual creativity,
skill, and talent and using them to create your own job and to gain money.
Craft exhibition centers and national fairs are the most common local
markets and sometimes they considered as a tourist market (UNIDO, 2007).
These markets provide good environment, promoting sales and testing new
products and consumer acceptance in both local and tourist markets. E-
commerce offers a contemporary market for crochet products along
841 |Journal of Specific Education and Technology (Scientific and applied research) - Issued byFaculty of Specific Education -KafrElsheikh
University - Egypt
specialized stores that addressed to consumers whos interested in such
products.
842 |Journal of Specific Education and Technology (Scientific and applied research) - Issued byFaculty of Specific Education -KafrElsheikh
University - Egypt
Methodology
20 young ladies have been taught to crochet. Their ages ranged between 18
to 22 years old. Some of them are students, others are graduated and none of
them working. Table [1] listed the bibliography of the participated young
ladies and if they have previous crochet experiences.
Table [1]: The bibliography of the participated young ladies
Name
Age
Educational
level
Hobbies
Crochet
previous
experiences
1.
Ahlam
E.
22
B.A.
Graduate
Sewing, fashion design,
knitting
None
2.
Aisha A.
18
Student
Drawing, knitting
Beginner
3.
Amany
M.
19
Student
None
None
4.
Aya N.
18
Student
Sewing, knitting
None
5.
Esraa
M.
18
Student
Drawing
None
6.
Esraa S.
18
Student
Drawing
None
7.
Fatma
B.
20
Student
Drawing, fashion
design
None
8.
Fatma
M.
20
Student
Fashion design
None
9.
Hadeer
M.
18
Student
None
None
10.
Hadeer
S.
22
B.A.
Graduate
Sewing, drawing,
knitting
Beginner
843 |Journal of Specific Education and Technology (Scientific and applied research) - Issued byFaculty of Specific Education -KafrElsheikh
University - Egypt
11.
Kadija
M.
18
Student
None
None
12.
Maryam
M.
18
Student
None
None
13.
May A.
18
Student
None
None
14.
Menna
M.
18
Student
Sewing
Beginner
15.
Nadia F.
18
Student
None
None
16.
Radwa
A.
18
Student
None
None
17.
Rehab
E.
18
Student
None
None
18.
Salma
K.
18
Student
Knitting
None
19.
Sherin
E.
20
Student
Sewing, Fashion design
None
20.
Shimaa
A.
22
B.A.
Graduate
Sewing, knitting
None
The curriculum for this study was designed for beginners, who have no
background about crochet. They learned everything about crochet in 32
hours (divided into 8 sections each one is 4 hours, two days a week). At the
end of this course, they would be able to carry out and finishing projects
professionally.
Table [2] shows the description of the whole 8 sections of the curriculum,
skills that should be learned with different levels starting from beginner to
experienced levels. At each section, an application is made to emphasize
what is being learned and training on different skills.
844 |Journal of Specific Education and Technology (Scientific and applied research) - Issued byFaculty of Specific Education -KafrElsheikh
University - Egypt
Table [2]: The curriculum description
Description
Skills
Skill level
Suggested
Applications
Background and
history of
crochet
Equipment and
yarn materials
Holding yarn &
hook and
making a slip
knot
Basic stitches
(chain stitch,
slip stitch,
single crochet,
half double
crochet, double
crochet and
triple crochet)
International
terms and
notations
Reading
patterns
Working on
rows
Beginner
Simple scarves
Shawls/Capes
Beanies
Shaping patterns
(increasing and
decreasing flat
patterns)
Tubes
Reading
patterns
Working on
rounds
(tubes)
Easy
Fingerless
mitten
Neck warmer
Tube
Blouse/Top
Front and back
post stitches
Ripped, basket
weave and
waffle patterns
Reading
patterns
Working on
rows and
rounds
Easy
Scarves
The circle
Popcorn,
Reading
patterns
Easy
Beanies
845 |Journal of Specific Education and Technology (Scientific and applied research) - Issued byFaculty of Specific Education -KafrElsheikh
University - Egypt
Cluster, and
puff stitches
Working on
rounds
The regular
increase of
the circle
V stitch and
shell stitches
The square
Joining squares
Reading
patterns
Working on
rounds
Joining
squares
with
different
ways
Easy
Blouses/Tunics
Motives
(triangle,
rectangle,
pentagon,
hexagon, oval
and free shapes)
Reading
patterns
Working on
rounds
Joining
motives
with
different
ways
Easy to
Intermediate
Jackets
Shawl
Zig-zag patterns
X & Y stitches
Reading
patterns
Working on
rows and
rounds
Easy to
Intermediate
Follow-up
previous
projects
Filet
Advanced
techniques
(wiggle, tartan,
beading)
Learning
about
advanced
types of
crochet and
their uses
Experienced
Follow-up
previous
projects
Section (1) considered as an introduction to the crochet world. Participants
learned about the history of crochet (Leslie, 2007), different uses and
846 |Journal of Specific Education and Technology (Scientific and applied research) - Issued byFaculty of Specific Education -KafrElsheikh
University - Egypt
applications, yarn types and weights and recognizing yarn label information
(CraftYarnCouncil, 2015) (Eckman, 2015). They taught how to hold hook
and yarn and how to get the yarn on the hook with slip knots and yarn overs.
Also, they taught how to make the fundamental stitches (slip stitch, single
crochet, half double crochet, double crochet and triple crochet) considering
their international terms, abbreviations and notations (Weiss & Lowman,
2013). It was important in this level to learn about needle hook sizing
methods, how to choose the suitable needle hook size for yarn and other
essential tools (Eaton, 2007). This level includes making simple scarves,
beanies, and shawls with simple stitches. These applications made by
making a rectangular piece of crocheted fabric with specific dimensions
according to the desired size and application. Scarf and rectangular shawl
are the easiest applications to make, in this level it just needs to work on
rows using one, or more than one fundamental stitches together. A sort of
ponchos could be made as same as rectangular shawls except that the
rectangle is folded in a certain way and sew together to make its distinctive
shapes. A type of beanies could be made with a small rectangle its a width
represents the circumference of the head and its length represents the length
of the beanie as desired, then it folded and sew together to close it as a tube.
Section (2) is an easy level where participants learned to shape the flat
patterns by increasing and decreasing stitches to make shapes. They also
learned about how to lock the foundation chain with a slip stitch and
working on rounds to make tubes. This method enables making seamless
garment, such as a blouse, without side seams (Ng, 2004). These tubes also
could be used to make neck warmers, and fingerless mittens. Section (3)
includes the front and back post stitches (Schappper, 2011), these distinctive
847 |Journal of Specific Education and Technology (Scientific and applied research) - Issued byFaculty of Specific Education -KafrElsheikh
University - Egypt
stitches could be mixed together to make special textured patterns such as
ripped, basket weave and waffle patterns. Section (4) includes two types of
stitches; V and shell stitches. It also includes how to start a circle shape and
working on rounds to make a regular increase to create a flat circle. In this
level, the participants learn to crochet hats and beanies with different sizes to
fit all ages from newborns to adults. Section (5) includes V and shell
stitches, the basics for making a square, reading square patterns (Hubert,
2011) and methods of joining squares together (Eckman, 2012) to make
scarfs, cardigans…. etc. In section (6) the participants keep working on
previous projects, they are now reached an intermediate skill level to make
motives such as triangle, rectangle, pentagon, hexagon, oval and free shapes
(Eckman, 2008) (Schapper, 2008). Jackets and triangular shawls are the
suggested applications for this level. Section (7) where participants learned
to read and apply zig-zag patterns which varies from easy to intermediate
skill levels according to how complicated the pattern is (Morgan, 2014).
Otherwise, X & Y stitches need high-level skill to be performed. Finally,
section (8) contains advanced techniques such as (wiggle, tartan and
beading) which are used to make some special pieces of crochet for different
uses.
By the end of this curriculum, participants should be able to:
Understanding stitch patterns, multiples and repeats
Reading symbol charts
Mixing and matching stitch patterns
Design mittens shapes
Design scarves shapes
Design shawls and ponchos shapes
Design garment shapes
848 |Journal of Specific Education and Technology (Scientific and applied research) - Issued byFaculty of Specific Education -KafrElsheikh
University - Egypt
Joining in new yarns
Making buttonholes and attaching buttons
Making a basic round block
Turning corners on shaped blocks
Joining blocks
Dealing with yarn ends
Seams
This curriculum is based on the integration of information that is being
studied gradually to make products suitable for women's clothing
The suggested applications are examples for each level designed to develop
the participants' skills and sense of achievement, they divided into
preliminary projects and products.
Preliminary projects
It is a small project taking few hours to be completed using simple stitches
and basic techniques. The purpose of the initial projects is to train on
different skills in each part studied by linking the information obtained
directly with the production instead of producing useless samples. Figure (1)
shows the most prominent preliminary projects made, in this study, by
young ladies participants. These projects need a skill level varies from
beginner to easy and took from 2 to 4 hours to be completed.
Figure (1-a) and (1-b) shows a simple method of production gives a ribbed
effect resulted from repeating rows of the same stitch. Figure (1-a) is a hat
obtained by working in rows to make a piece of crocheted fabric using
simple basic stitches (half double crochet or double crochet). This fabric
dimension resembles the circumference of the head and the hat length as
849 |Journal of Specific Education and Technology (Scientific and applied research) - Issued byFaculty of Specific Education -KafrElsheikh
University - Egypt
desired, then the fabric folded to sew the side of the hat length and close the
top. Figure (1-b) shows an open scarf made in the same way by working on
rows with half double crochet stitch, the long side of this crocheted fabric
resembles the length of the scarf while its width resembles the width of the
scarf as desired. This scarf can be made as a closed or round scarf (neck
warmer) by closing the foundation chain with a slip knot then working on
rounds to reach the desired width.
Figure (1): A collected image of the most prominent preliminary projects
Fingerless mittens are implementations on working on rounds. Figure (1-c)
shows three different models of fingerless mittens using combinations of
basic crochet stitches. The foundation chain length is equal to the
circumference of the hand grip, then working on rounds to the beginning of
the thumb, skip few stitches for thump opening and continue working on
rounds to the desired length. The square scarves shown in figure (1-d) are
initial applications of reading different square patterns and joining them
850 |Journal of Specific Education and Technology (Scientific and applied research) - Issued byFaculty of Specific Education -KafrElsheikh
University - Egypt
together. The repeated number of squares depends on the width of the square
and the desired length of the scarf. The basic circular hat shown in figure (1-
e) is an application of working on a circle pattern with gradual increasing
until reaching the diameter of the circle equals the head circumference
divided by 3.14 (CraftYarnCouncil, 2015), then working on rounds as usual
without increasing or decreasing stitches to the desired length.
851 |Journal of Specific Education and Technology (Scientific and applied research) - Issued byFaculty of Specific Education -KafrElsheikh
University - Egypt
Products
In this part, 9 successful applications of ladies crocheted garment are
described in their details. These applications need a beginner to an easy skill
level with basic information about crocheting and finishing crocheted
garment. Each product has a design outline which illustrates basic design
lines, places of seams and fold lines and how to fold the crocheted fabric if
needed. Several yarn materials have been used (such as acrylic,
cotton/acrylic, wool acrylic, etc.) with different thickness or weight
category. In the production, it is important to choose the appropriate needle
for the thickness of the yarn used. The sizes of these products determined
according to the standard BS EN 13402-3 of womens sizing (Aldrich,
2009). Because of the high elasticity of the crocheted fabric, the
circumferences of hips and bust should be decreased from 4 to 8 cm of the
original measurement.
Garment 1
852 |Journal of Specific Education and Technology (Scientific and applied research) - Issued byFaculty of Specific Education -KafrElsheikh
University - Egypt
Figure (2): Garment 1
Figure (2) shows garment 1, it is a simple poncho made by beginners to fit a
range of sizes (free size) and to be worn overgarment. It is made of a flat
piece of crocheted cloth through working in rows using double crochet basic
stitch, its width resembles the length from shoulder to waist (48 cm), then it
folded and sewn as shown in the design outline diagram in table [3]. Basic
information about garment 1 are also listed in table [3], it shows that the
garment made of 500 gm of bulky yarn (25% Wool/ 75% Acrylic) using 7
mm needle hook.
Table [3]: Garment 1 specifications and outline design
Garment specifications
Design outline
Skill level
Beginner
Required
skills
Fundamental
stitches
Working on rows
Garment
size
Free size
Yarn type
(material)
25% Wool / 75%
Acrylic
Yarn
weight
category
(thickness)
Bulky yarn
Hook size
(mm)
7 mm
Total yarn
weight
500 gm
853 |Journal of Specific Education and Technology (Scientific and applied research) - Issued byFaculty of Specific Education -KafrElsheikh
University - Egypt
(gm)
Garment 2
Figure (3): Garment 2
Garment 2 is a one-piece sleeveless blouse made to fit size 14 (medium
size). It is a tube-shaped blouse where the circumference equals the bust
measurement. This design made from bottom to top through working in
rounds till the underarm, then the stitches equally divided to separate front
and back sides, then working in rows the front and back sides separately to a
distance equal to the Armscye length. Finally, working in rounds again to
join front and back together to make the collar’s length as desired.
Table [4] shows the design outline and yarn specifications, it is an easy skill
level that needs basic knowledge about fundamental stitches and techniques.
This garment took 290 gm of 100% Acrylic medium weight yarn, using 6
mm needle hook.
Table [4]: Garment 2 specifications and outline design
854 |Journal of Specific Education and Technology (Scientific and applied research) - Issued byFaculty of Specific Education -KafrElsheikh
University - Egypt
Garment specifications
Design outline
Skill level
Easy
Required
skills
Fundamental stitches
Working on rows and
rounds
Garment
size
Size 14 (Medium)
Yarn type
(material)
100% Acrylic
Yarn
weight
category
(thickness)
Bulky yarn
Hook size
(mm)
6.5 mm
Total yarn
weight
(gm)
290 gm
855 |Journal of Specific Education and Technology (Scientific and applied research) - Issued byFaculty of Specific Education -KafrElsheikh
University - Egypt
Garment 3
Figure (4): Garment 3
Garment 3 is a sleeveless blouse consists of two equal separated pieces of
crocheted fabric for front and back sides joined together at shoulder lines.
The width of each piece equals to the half measurement of bust
circumference (50 cm) as shown in the design outlined in table [5]. The
length of the blouse from shoulder to hem is 63 cm. The two pieces of
crochet, front and back, joined together from both shoulders (14 cm). A
removable crocheted robe used to join front and back sides together to make
it fits a range of sizes from 16 to 22 (Large to X large) as shown in figure
(4).
This garment needs basic information about reading flat patterns, working in
rows and sew crocheted fabrics together. Table [5] also shows the
specifications of the yarn used to produce this blouse, it took 330 gm of
(55% Cotton / 45% Acrylic) light weight yarn using 5.5 needle hook.
856 |Journal of Specific Education and Technology (Scientific and applied research) - Issued byFaculty of Specific Education -KafrElsheikh
University - Egypt
Table [5]: Garment 3 specifications and outline design
Garment specifications
Design outline
Skill level
Easy
Required
skills
Reading patterns
Working on rows
Seaming crocheted
pieces
Garment
size
Sizes 16-22 (Large X
Large)
Yarn type
(material)
55% Cotton / 45% Acrylic
Yarn
weight
category
(thickness)
Light weight yarn
Hook size
(mm)
5.5 mm
Total yarn
weight
(gm)
330 gm
Garment 4
857 |Journal of Specific Education and Technology (Scientific and applied research) - Issued byFaculty of Specific Education -KafrElsheikh
University - Egypt
Figure (5): Garment 4
Garment 4 is a cardigan designed to fit medium sizes based on a flat circle
pattern. This garment obtained by following a circle pattern until the
diameter equals the back-width measurement (34 cm), then making the
sleeve opening by skipping few stitches from both sides then continue
working on the circle to the desired length (about 25 cm), the outline design
is shown in table [6].
858 |Journal of Specific Education and Technology (Scientific and applied research) - Issued byFaculty of Specific Education -KafrElsheikh
University - Egypt
This cardigan made of light weight yarn consists of (49% Wool / 51%
Acrylic) using 4.5 mm needle hook and the full garment took 450 gm of
yarn.
The design requires basic skills of reading circle patterns and working on
rounds which considered as an easy level of skills.
Table [6]: Garment 4 specifications and outline design
Garment specifications
Design outline
Skill level
Easy
Required
skills
Reading circle
patterns
Working on rounds
Garment
size
Sizes 12-14
(Medium)
Yarn type
(material)
49% Wool / 51%
Acrylic
Yarn weight
category
(thickness)
Light weight yarn
Hook size
(mm)
4.5 mm
Total yarn
weight (gm)
450 gm
Garment 5
859 |Journal of Specific Education and Technology (Scientific and applied research) - Issued byFaculty of Specific Education -KafrElsheikh
University - Egypt
Figure (6): Garment 5
Garment 5 is a short sleeve blouse made up of two squares for front and
back sides. The width of each square equals the half measurement of the
bust. The two squares joined together at shoulder and side lines excluding
the Armscye depth. Finally, working on rounds using single crochet stitch
around neck line, sleeve opening and hem line as show in figure (6).
Table [7] shows the design outline and specifications of this garment. This
simple blouse with an easy skill level requires knowing how to make basic
square and how to seam crocheted squares together. It took 360 gm of 100%
acrylic medium weight yarn with 5.5 m