CHECKLIST OF THE FRESHWATER MOLLUSCA OF TURKEY (MOLLUSCA: GASTROPODA, BIVALVIA)

Abstract

Considering the studies related to the freshwater molluscs in Turkey, it can be seen that the first checklist was done in freshwater and brackish water in 1999 and 72 taxa were determined. One of the checklists published in 2006 included just the freshwater pulmonate species and in this checklist 28 taxa were reported. Another checklist on prosobranchia was also released in the same year and 80 taxa were identified. Any studies on this subject have not been done since 2006. In this paper all studies related to freshwater were recorded, and the existence of 204 taxa (164 species belonging to Gastropoda and 40 species belonging to Bivalvia) were given. A checklist about the Bivalvia in Turkey was also presented for the first time in this paper.

Full text

© by PSP Volume 28 ± No. 4A/2019 pages 2992-3013 Fresenius Environmental Bulletin
2992
CHECKLIST OF THE FRESHWATER
MOLLUSCA OF TURKEY
(MOLLUSCA: GASTROPODA, BIVALVIA)
Mustafa Emre Gurlek1,*, Serap Kosal Sahin2, Nilay Dokumcu3, Mehmet Zeki Yildirim4
1Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Vocational School of Health Services, 15030 Merkez, Burdur, Turkey
2Istanbul University Faculty of Aquatic Sciences, 34134 Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey
3Istanbul University Graduate School of Science and Engineering, 34130, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey
4Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Bucak School of Health, 15325, Bucak, Burdur Turkey
ABSTRACT
Considering the studies related to the freshwa-
ter molluscs in Turkey, it can be seen that the first
checklist was done in freshwater and brackish water
in 1999 and 72 taxa were determined. One of the
checklists published in 2006 included just the fresh-
water pulmonate species and in this checklist 28 taxa
were reported. Another checklist on prosobranchia
was also released in the same year and 80 taxa were
identified. Any studies on this subject have not been
done since 2006. In this paper all studies related to
WKHJDVWURSRGDQGELYDOYLDVSHFLHVLQRXUFRXQWU\¶V
freshwater were recorded, and the existence of 204
taxa (164 species belonging to Gastropoda and 40
species belonging to Bivalvia) were given. A check-
list about the Bivalvia in Turkey was also presented
for the first time in this paper.
KEYWORDS:
Freshwater, mollusca, gastropoda, bivalvia, Turkey,
checklist
INTRODUCTION
Freshwater molluscs key component role in
aquatic ecosystems, providing food for many fish
species [1, 2] and vertebrates [3]. According to
Wosu, 2003 they prove immensely beneficial both
economically and medicinally [4]. They have been
important to humans throughout history as a source
of food, jewellery, tools and even pets. Freshwater
molluscs play significant role in public and veteri-
nary health [5]. Some freshwater molluscs are vec-
tors of diseases of humans and livestock, serve as the
intermediate hosts for a number of infections such as
helminth diseases caused by trematodes [6]. Among
the most important diseases of humans and animals
are fascioliasis (caused by Fasciola hepatica and F.
gigantea) and opisthorchiasis (caused by Opisthor-
chis felineus). Freshwater molluscs fall into two
main groups, the Bivalvia and the Gastropoda, with
the latter dividing into two informal groups, the
prosobranches and the pulmonates [7].
The aims of this study are to summarize the
available information about the mollusca diversity in
the freshwater of Turkey and to determine the distri-
bution of species richness.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
To preparing of the Turkish freshwater malaco-
fauna, related publications on freshwater bivalvia
and gastropoda from Turkey were analyzed. 143 pa-
pers (between 1841 and 2019) were used in the
checklist. The first taxonomic studies in Turkey
about freshwater mollusks were performed by Re-
cluz in 1841 [8].
While preparing the checklist, all the studies
that have been performed were taken into account.
Studies were conducted so as to provide geograph-
ical distribution in Turkey and accordingly the coun-
try was divided into eight separate regions and there-
fore the regions in which most and least studies were
performed were determined. ArcGIS 9.3 software
was used while conducting these operations.
RESULTS
As a result of the studies conducted on gastrop-
oda and bivalvia in Turkey, the presence of 204 taxa
have been reported (Table 1).
DISCUSSION
In Turkey, when we look at the studies per-
formed so far, it can be observed that the studies are
focused on the Mediterranean, Aegean, Marmara
and Central Anatolia regions. According to the num-
ber of species found and the scientific study average,
the least studied regions are Eastern Anatolia and
Eastern Black Sea regions (Figure 1).

© by PSP Volume 28 ± No. 4A/2019 pages 2992-3013 Fresenius Environmental Bulletin
2993
TABLE 1
Checklist of Freshwater Mollusca of Turkey (Gastropoda and Bivalvia)
PROSOBRANCHIA
Spe-
cies
no.
Classification Area Source
1.
Class: Gastropoda
Subclass: Neritimorpha
Order: Cycloneritimorpha
Superfamily: Neritoidea
Family: Neritidae
Genus: Theodoxus
Theodoxus fluviatilis Linnaeus,
1789
6DUÕNXP/DNH6LQRS%DOÕN/DNH8]XQ/DNH*ÕFÕ/DNH&HUQHNLake,
Lake Sapanca, Terkos Lake, Istranca Stream, Büyük Menderes River,
<XYDUODNoD\ .|\FH÷L]3R\UD]ODU /DNH7DúNÕVÕ÷Õ /DNH %\N$NJ|O
Lake
[9, 10, 11, 12,
13, 14, 15, 16]
2. Theodoxus heldreichi heldreichi
Martens, 1879 /DNH(÷LUGLU.RYDGD&KDQQHO/DNH.RYDGD [17]
3. Theodoxus heldreichi fluvicola
Schütt DQGùHúen, 1992 %XFDN<D]ÕSÕQDU9LOODJH$NoDSÕQDU6WUHDP$N\DND.DGÕQ5LYHUEUDQFK [18, 19]
4. Theodoxus anatolicus Recluz,
1841
.LUHPLWKDQHOHU 'GHQEDúÕ 6RXUFH $QWDO\D $NVX .DKUDPDQPDUDú
6DNDU\D 5LYHU 0DQDYJDW $QWDO\D <DUÕPEXUJD] øVWDQEXO %LW\DV
ø]PLU<HQLúHKLU$QWDN\D,OÕFDSÕQDU6RXUFH0DQLVD$NSÕQDU6RXUFH
0DQLVD1LI5LYHUdLIWHOHU(VNLúHKLUdDNDO/DNH6HOoXN*|NSÕQDU
(Denizli), IúÕNOÕ'LQDUøQOLFH)HWKL\H0DGHQ6WUHDP%HúJ|O%DúJ|]
.PEHWOL3ÕQDU 6D]DN +RFDSÕQDU*OEDKoH 9LOODJH6WUHDP 0XUDGL\H
0DQLVD0DODW\D$QWDN\D'HQL]OL0HUVLQ/LPRQOX/DPRV*|OEDúÕ
/DNH$]DSOÕ/DNHøQHNOL/DNH&H\KDQ5LYHU$GDQD*|Nsu (Silifke),
6R÷XNVX$QDPXU$QWDO\D(VNLúHKLUùXKXW$I\RQNDUDKLVDU6DQGÕNOÕ
(Af
y
onkarahisar), Ce
y
han River basin
[8, 18, 20, 21,
22, 23, 24, 25,
26, 27, 28, 29,
30, 31, 150]
5. Theodoxus syriacus
Bourguignat, 1852
Adana, Göksu (Silifke), Cennet Cehennem (Silifke), Erdemli (Mersin),
%XFDN .R]DQ (OPDEDKoH 0DUGLQ dLUOL 'L\DUEDNÕU 7LJULV 5LYHU
7OON 'L\DUEDNÕU 6LOYDQ 'L\DUEDNÕU 'HULN 0DUGLQ $\QL]HOLKD
VRXUFH 'L\DUEDNÕU 7LODUD YLOODJH VRXUFH 'L\DUEDNÕU gUQHN YLOODJH
souUFH'L\DUEDNÕU%D÷YHUHQ YLOODJHVRXUFH'L\DUEDNÕU1DVLULYLOODJH
VRXUFH'L\DUEDNÕU'HYHJHFLGLZDWHU'L\DUEDNÕU6DYXU0DUGLQ)DE
ULNDVWUHDP'L\DUEDNÕU1XVD\ELQ0DUGLQ6XUXo8UID, Ceyhan River
basin
[26, 32, 150]
6. Theodoxus altenai Schutt, 1965 '|úHPH$OWÕ/DNH$QWDO\D.ÕUNJ|]$QWDO\D [22, 24, 26,
28, 33]
7. Theodoxus danubialis Pfeiffer,
1828 Lake Sapanca [34]
8. Theodoxus jordani Sowerby,
1832 /DNH*|OEDúÕ+DWD\ [35]
9. Theodoxus cinctellus
Martens, 1874 &H\ODQSÕQDU+DEXURiver [26, 36]
10. Theodoxus pallasi
Lindholm, 1924 Yamansaz Lake (Antalya) [37]
11. Theodoxus (Theodoxus)
subthermalis Issel, 1865
,OGÕU6SULQJV*OEDKoH9LOODJH6WUHDP%DOÕNOÕRYD6SULQJ8UOD0LQHUDO
6
S
ULQ
J
V<XYDUODNoD
\


.|
\
FH
÷
L]

 [10, 29]
12. Theodoxus gloeri
2GDEDúÕDQG$UVODQ 6DNDU\D5LYHU%DOÕNGDPÕZHWODQG(VNLúHKLU [38]
13.
Subclass: Heterobranchia
Superfamily: Valvatoidea
Family: Valvatidae
Genus: Valvata
Valvata cristata Müller, 1774
Akhisar reservoir, Büyük Akgöl [13, 18, 39]
14. Valvata saulcyi
Bour
g
ui
g
nat, 1853 /DNH*|OEDúÕ+DWD\ [35]
15. Valvata macrostoma Morch,
1864 ,úÕNOÕ/DNH/DNH*|OEDúÕ+DWD\ [40, 41]
16. Valvata piscinalis Müller, 1774
ø]PLU$OLD÷D.X]JXQ/DNHdRUDNODU6SULQJ(IHV/DNH6HOoXN
1DUOÕNX\X %RUQRYD 0DQGDoD\Õ %RUQRYD .RFDVX %RUQRYD /DNH
*|OEDúÕ+DWD\*|NVX6SULQJV.DQÕ)RXQWDLQhoSÕQDU9LOODJH
O÷lana÷DVÕ3RQG$NKLVDUUHVHUYRLU$NoDSÕQDU6WUHDP$N\DND.DGÕQ
5LYHU EUDQFK 3R\UD]ODU /DNH 7DúNÕVÕ÷Õ /DNH %\N $NJ|O Acarlar
/DNH $EDQW /DNH <HQLoD÷D /DNH $]DSOÕ /DNH øQHNOL /DNH, Ceyhan
River basin
[13, 19, 23,
27, 28, 29, 35,
39, 150]
17. Valvata kebapcii 2GDEDúÕ*O|HU
<ÕOGÕUÕP
Tuzla Stream, Dümrek Brook, Karamenderes Stream (Çanakkale), Cire
Brook, LaNH(
÷
LUGLU

,V
S
DUWD

[42]

© by PSP Volume 28 ± No. 4A/2019 pages 2992-3013 Fresenius Environmental Bulletin
2994
18.
Genus: Borysthenia
Borysthenia naticina Menke,
1845
/DNH6DSDQFD.DUDWDú/DNH,VWUDQFD6WUHDP/DNH(÷LUGLU.RYDGD&KDQ
QHO/DNH.RYDGD<XYDUODNoD\.|\FH÷L]
[10, 14, 16, 17,
18]
19.
Subclass: Caenogastropoda
Order: Architeanioglossa
Superfamily: Viviparoidea
Family: Viviparidae
Genus: Viviparus
Viviparus mamillatus Kuster,
1852
Abant Lake, Belgrad Forest (Istanbul) [21]
20. Viviparus contectus Millet, 1813 Karaot Pond (Isparta), Beysehir Lake (Konya), Lakes Region, (÷LUGLU
Lake (Is
p
arta)
[22, 25, 43,
44]
21. Viviparus viviparus Linnaeus,
1758
0DODW\D 'RZQ 6DNDU\D 5LYHU .DUDVX ,úÕNOÕ /DNH 'HQL]OL /DNH
sa
p
anca
[9, 12, 14, 45,
46, 47, 48]
22. Viviparus viviparus costae
Mousson, 1863 *ÕFÕ/DNH&HUQHN/DNH7HUNRV/DNH [12, 45]
23. Viviparus acerosus
Bour
g
ui
g
nat, 1862
.oN$NJ|O 7DúNÕVÕ÷Õ/DNH%\N $NJ|O<HQLoD÷D /DNH.DUDPXUDW
Lake, Lake Sa
p
anca [13, 14]
24. Viviparus ater Christofori & Jn,
1832 Poyrazlar Lake, Abant Lake [13]
25. Viviparus syriacus
Pallar
y
, 1939 Asi River (Hatay) [49]
26.
Superfamily: Cerithioidea
Family: Thiaridae
Genus: Melanoides
Melanoides tuberculata Müller,
1774
/DNH*|OEDúÕ+DWD\6DUÕoD\FUHHN<XYDUODNoD\.|\FH÷L] [10, 35, 39]
27.
Family: Melanopsidae
Genus: Melanopsis
Melanopsis praemorsa
Linnaeus, 1758
dDWPDGD÷ .DUDGD÷ 0DQDYJDW 'GHQ $QWDO\D $NVX $QWDO\D 6D
NDU\D5LYHUø]PLU'HGHNDYDN(UGHPOL(OYDQOÕ(UGHPOL$USDFEDKVLV
(UGHPOL .DUJÕSÕQDU (UGHPOL 6HODPSÕQDUÕ .DUDLVDOÕ .DUDSÕQDU
.DUDLVDOÕ 6R÷XNVX $QDPXU +DQGHUHVL $GDQD %\N 0HQGHUHV
5LYHU .DUDND\D %DOÕNHVLU 'HQL]OL <XYDUODNoD\ .|\FH÷L] /DNH
Sa
p
anca
[10, 11, 21, 22,
23, 28, 48, 50]
28. Melanopsis praemorsa
praemorsa Linnaeus, 1789
Sarma 9LOODJH6DUPD6WUHDP,OGÕU6SULQJVdHúPHø]PLU*OEDKoH9LO
ODJH 6WUHDP %DOÕNOÕRYD 6SULQJ ø]PLU 8UOD 0LQHUDO 6SULQJV ø]PLU
O÷lana÷DVÕ3RQGg]EHN9LOODJH3ÕQDUOÕ6WUHDP*|NVX6SULQJV<L÷itler
Stream
[29]
29. Melanopsis praemorsa
ferussaci Roth, 1839 /DNH*|OEDúÕ+DWD\$]DSOÕ/DNHøQHNOL/DNH [27], [35]
30. Melanopsis buccinoidea Olivier,
1801
0HUVLQ/LPRQOX/DPRV.XPDúÕU/DNH.DKUDPDQPDUDú, Ceyhan River
basin
[30, 51, 150]
31. Melanopsis costata
Olivier, 1804 Yuvarlakçay .|\FH÷L], Ceyhan River basin [10, 150]
32. Melanopsis costata costata Oliv-
ier, 1804 .DUDVX/DNH*|OEDúL7XUNH\ [35]
33.
Genus: Esperiana
Esperiana esperi Ferussac, 1823
Lake Sapanca [14]
34. Esperiana sangarica Schütt and
Bil
g
in, 1974 Eskisehir, Çifteler [52]
35. Esperiana acicularis stussineri
Schütt, 1974 Lake Sapanca [14]
36.
Order: Littorinimorpha
Superfamily: Truncatelloidea
Family: Assimineidae
Subfamily: Assimineinae
Genus: Assiminea
Assiminea grayana
Flemin
g
, 1828
Yamansaz Lake (Antalya) [37]
37.
Family: Bithyniidae
Genus: Bithynia
Bithynia tentaculata
Linnaeus, 1758
/DNH6DSDQFD,VWUDQFD6WUHDP7HUNRV/DNH.Õ]ÕORW/DNH'XUXFD/DNH
øOYDW /DNH 0DODW\D 'RZQ6DNDU\D 5LYHU .DUDVX0DODW\D 7XQFHOL
<XYDUODNoD\.|\FH÷L]3R\UD]ODU/DNH7DúNÕVÕ÷Õ/DNH%\N$NJ|O
Melen River
[9, 10, 13, 14,
16, 31, 45, 46,
53, 54]
38. Bithynia leachii
She
pp
ard, 1823 $NoDSÕQDU6WUHDP$N\DND.DGÕQ5LYHUEUDQFK [19]

© by PSP Volume 28 ± No. 4A/2019 pages 2992-3013 Fresenius Environmental Bulletin
2995
39. Bithynia pseudemmericia Schütt,
1964
.ÕUNJ|] $QWDO\D 3ÕQDUEDúÕ $QWDO\D<HQLN|\ VSULQJVSULQJ $VW\GD
(EHU/DNH$I\RQ,VSDUWD/DNH(÷LUGLU.RYDGD&KDQQHO/DNH.RYDGD
$YODQ /DNH .RQ\D (OPDOÕ $QWDO\D /DNH +D]DU (OD]Õ÷ ,VWUDQFD
Stream (Istanbul), Malat
y
a, Tunceli
[16, 17, 24,
28, 31, 33, 45,
54, 55, 56]
40. Bithynia phialensis
Conrad, 1852 /DNH*|OEDúÕ+DWD\ [35]
41. Bithynia badiella
Kuster, 1852 Gelbula village, Tarsus [22, 57]
42. Bithynia pesicii Gloer and Yild-
irim, 2006 $NoDSÕQDU0X÷OD,VWUDQFDVWUHDP [16, 56]
43. Bithynia yildirimi Gloer and
Geor
g
iev, 2012 Kazanli village [58]
44. Bithynia timmii OGDEDúLand
Arslan, 2015 Lake Uluabat [59]
45. Bithynia kayrae OGDEDúL and
OGDEDúL 2017 Çanakkale-.ÕUNJ|]OHU.RFDEDúVWUHDP'PUHNVWUHDP [60]
46.
Genus: Pseudobithynia
Pseudobithynia pentheri
Sturan
y
, 1905
Karpuz Sekisi, Ambar Park Brook, Kayseri [56, 61]
47. Pseudobithynia yildirimi Oda-
EDúL, Keba
pç
i and Akbulut, 2013
Tuzla Stream, Biga Peninsula
[42]
48. Pseudobithynia adiyamanensis
Gürlek, 2017 $GÕ\DPDQ-Çelikhan (Mirsu) [62]
49. Pseudobithynia guldeni Gürlek,
2018 Mersin-$\GÕQFÕN<HQLNDú6R÷XNVXVSULQJ [63]
50. Pseudobithynia cocussusica
Gürlek, 2019 .DKUDPDQPDUDú-Göksun Törbüzek stream [150]
51.
Family: Bythinellidae
Genus: Bythinella
Bythinella opaca
Frauenfeld, 1857
Belgrad Forest (Istanbul) [22]
52. Bythinella occasiuncula Boeters
and Falkner, 2001 .LUN2OXNVSULQJgGHPLúø]PLU [64]
53. Bythinella turca Radoman, 1976 .XúEDED9LOOD
J
H%Dú
J
|]$]L]L
\
H9LOOD
J
H [18]
54. Bythinella kazdaghensis OGDEDúL
and Geor
g
iev, 2014
Çanakkale- Ayazma Deresi, South of
(YFLOHUYLOOD
J
HDWWKH0RXQW,GD

.D]'D
÷
Õ

[65]
55.
Bythinella anatolica
Yildirim, Kebapci and Bahadir
Koca, 2015
0DQLVD6SLOPRXQWDLQdÕUSÕFÕGHGHKLOO [66]
56.
Bythinella istanbulensis
Yildirim, Kebapçi and Yüce,
2015
øVWDQEXO%HOJUDGIRUHVW [66]
57.
Bythinella magdalenae
Yildirim, Kebapçi and Bahadir
Koca, 2015
$\GÕQ-øQFLUOLRYD.DUDJ|]OHU9LOODJH.DUDSÕQDU6SULQJ [66]
58.
Bythinella wilkei
Yildirim, Kebapçi and Bahadir
Koca, 2015
Kocaeli-0DúXNL\H.DUWHSH [66]
59. Bythinella yerlii Gürlek, 2017 %DOÕNHVLU-Dursunbe
y
Osmani
y
e villa
g
e [62]
60.
Family: Tateidae
Genus: Potamopyrgus
Potamopyrgus antipodarum
Gra
y
, 1843
'HYH|Q dDNDO /DNH 6HOoXN )LQLNH $QWDO\D $N\DND 0X÷OD
.ÕUNJ|] (Antalya), Gümüldür (ø]PLU6DUÕoD\FUHHN,OGÕU6SULQJV0HQH
men, Çeúme (øzmir), Çay (Afyon), Çivril (Denizli), Yuvarlakçay
.|\FH÷L].DUNDPÕú'DP/DNH*D]LDQWHS6HDRI0DUPDUD
[10, 25, 28,
29, 33, 39, 40,
43, 67, 68, 69,
70]
61.
Family: Hydrobiidae
Genus: Anadoludamnicola
Anadoludamnicola glöeri
.RúDOùDKLQ.RFD<LOGLULm,
2012
$NoDGD÷0DODW\DøQHN6SULQJ0DODW\D7XQFHOL [31, 54, 71]
62.
Anadoludamnicola glöeri brevis
.RúDOùDKLQ.RFD<LOGLULm,
2012
Malatya, Takas Village [31, 71]
63.
Genus: Hemite
Hemite ceyhanensis Gürlek, 2019
Osmaniye Hemite bridge [150]
64.
Subfamily: Belgrandiellinae
Genus: Belgrandiella
ùDQOÕXUID6LYHUHN [27]

© by PSP Volume 28 ± No. 4A/2019 pages 2992-3013 Fresenius Environmental Bulletin
2996
Belgrandiella edessana Schütt,
1993
65. Belgrandiella cavernica Boett-
g
er, 1957 øQVÕUWÕ&DYH(UH÷OL=RQJXOGDN [20]
66. Belgrandiella adsharica Lind-
holm, 1913 Çoruh River, Borçka (Artvin) [27]
67.
Subfamily: Hydrobiinae
Genus: Hydrobia
Hydrobia ventrosa Montagu,
1803
6DUÕNXP/DNH'HUEHQW'DP/DNH [12, 15]
68. Hydrobia soosi Wagner, 1928 /DNHø]QLN/DNH6DSDQFD [14, 22, 34,
72]
69. Hydrobia anatolica Schütt, 1965 Düden waterfall (Antalya)
endemic [22, 73]
70. Hydrobia acuta Draparnaud,
1805 .ÕOEDVDQ'LVWULFW.DUDPDQ [74]
71.
Subfamily:Hydrobiinae
Genus: Ecrobia
Ecrobia maritima Milas-
chewitsch, 1916
+ÕUVÕ]FUHHNø]PLU [75]
72.
Subfamily: Pseudamnicolinae
Genus: Pseudamnicola
Pseudamnicola macrostoma
Kuster, 1852
ø]PLU [76]
73. Pseudamnicola kotschyi Frauen-
feld, 1856 'L\DUEDNÕU0DUGLQ [77]
74. Pseudamnicola natolica sym-
rnensis Schütt, 1970
.RFDVX $NoDN|\ .DUD $KPHW 6SULQJ $NoDN|\ <HúLORYD +RúPXúD
Source [18, 78]
75. Pseudamnicola geldiayana
Schütt, 1970 $NoDSÕQDU6WUHDP$N\DND.DGÕQ5LYHUEUDQFK [19, 78]
76. Pseudamnicola intranodosa
Schütt, 1993 ùDQOÕurfa, Diphizar, Kabahaydar, Akziyaret, Golpinar [27]
77. Pseudamnicola bilgini Schütt,
1993
$PUXGVSULQJ .Õ]ÕOWHSH=DURYDEURRN ùÕUQDN 6LLUW0HVLQGDJLSDVV
(UXK$IDUL%HGúHJLUPHQIRXQWDLQ1XVD\ELQ6HUNDQL7H]KDUDS6XUXo
canal Sulama, Sersin, .DSOLFD .LUNJR] 7DKW DEDú (UJDQL 1DVLUL +DQL
*ROEDúL

$GÕ
\
DPDQ

$ODQNR]

ùDQOÕXUID

6LYHUHN
[27, 77]
78. Pseudamnicola elongata Taner,
1973 Denizli [79]
79. Pseudamnicola lindbergi Boett-
g
er, 1957 3ÕQDUEDúÕ(OELVWDQ [20, 80, 81,
150]
80. Pseudamnicola elbursensis
Starmühlner and Edlauer, 1957 'L\DUEDNÕU0DUGLQ [77]
81. Pseudamnicola vinarskii Gloer
and Geor
g
iev, 2012 Silifke [58]
82. Pseudamnicola goksunensis
Glöer, Gürlek and Kara, 2014 7|UE]HNVWUHDP*|NVXQVX\XVWUHDP.DKUDPDQPDUDú [82, 150]
83. Pseudamnicola merali Gloer
Gürlek and Kara, 2014 7|UE]HNVWUHDP.DKUDPDQPDUDú [82, 150]
84. Pseudamnicola marashi Gloer
Gürlek and Kara, 2014 dDWDOROXNVSULQJ.DKUDPDQPDUDú [82, 150]
85. Pseudamnicola kayserienis Gloer
Yildirim & Keba
p
ci, 2015 .D\VHUL<DK\DOÕ<DK\DOÕ6WUHDP=DPDQWÕ5LYHU [83]
86. Pseudamnicola gullei Gloer,
Yildirim & Keba
p
ci, 2015 Mersin, Silifke, Kavak Village [83]
87. Pseudamnicola sumbasensis
Gürlek, 2019
Osmaniye-6XPEDVµ6XPEDVVX\X¶VSULQJ
ZDWHU

FDOOHGµ+HDYHQYDOOH
\
¶QHDU$FDUPDQWDúYLOOD
J
H

[149]
88.
Genus: Pseudorientalia
Pseudorientalia natolica
Radoman, 1973
%XUVD$I\RQ(VNLúHKLUø]PLW [32, 84, 85]
89. Pseudorientalia ceriti Gürlek,
2017 .DKUDPDQPDUDú-dD÷OD\DQFHULW [62]
90.
Genus: Pyrgorientalia
Pyrgorientalia zilchi Schütt, 1964
.ÕUNJ|]$QWDO\D
endemic
[24, 28, 33,
55]
91.
Genus: Kirelia
Kirelia carinata Radoman, 1973
/DNH%H\úHKLU.RQ\D
endemic [84]

© by PSP Volume 28 ± No. 4A/2019 pages 2992-3013 Fresenius Environmental Bulletin
2997
92. Kirelia murtici Radoman, 1973 Murtiçi spring (Antalya),
endemic [84]
93.
Genus: Falsipyrgula
Falsipyrgula pfeiferi Weber,
1927
/DNH(÷LUGLU.RYDGD&KDQQHO/DNH.RYDGD [17]
94. Falsipyrgula beysehirana Schütt,
1965 /DNH%H\úHKLU.RQ\D [22]
95. Falsipyrgula schuetti
Yildirim, 1999 /DNH%H\úHKLU%H\úHKLU/DNH.RQ\D [32, 76]
96.
Genus: Falsibelgrandiella
Falsibelgrandiella bunarica
Radoman, 1973
3ÕQDUEDúÕVSULQJ*HGHOHN*HPOLN%XUVD [84, 85]
97.
Genus: Graecoanatolica
Graecoanatolica lacustristurca
Radoman, 1973
/DNH(÷LUGLU.RYDGD&KDQQHO/DNH.RYDGD/DNH%H\úHKLU.|úNSÕQDU
spring
[17, 18, 86, 87,
88, 89]
98. Graecoanatolica tenuis
Radoman, 1973 *HPLúVSULQJ'HQL]OL*|NJ|O/DNH,úÕNOÕ/DNH'HQL]OL [73]
99. Graecoanatolica kocapinarica
Radoman, 1973 .RFDSÕQDUVSULQJ,VSDUWD [73]
100. Graecoanatolica conica
Radoman, 1973 $FÕ/DNH [73, 84, 90]
101. Graecoanatolica vegorriticola
Schütt, 1962 Lakes Region [73]
102. Graecoanatolica brevis
Radoman, 1973 Pinar Gözü spring (Burdur) [73]
103. Graecoanatolica pamphylica
Schütt, 1964 0X÷OD$QWDO\D.ÕUNJ|]VSULQJV.RUNXWHOL<DUÕNSÕQDU*|PEH8SODQG [22, 73, 91]
104.
Graecoanatolica dinarica Ke-
bapçi, Koca and
Yildirim, 2012
øQFLUOLSÕQDUVSULQJ8OXSÕQDUVSULQJ$I\RQNDUDKLVDU [73]
105. Graecoanatolica nageli
Gloer and Pesic, 2015 6LQRS6DUÕNXP/DNH [92]
106. Graecoanatolica yildirimi Gloer
and Pesic, 2015 0D÷OD$N\DND-Gökova karst spring [92]
107.
Genus: Heleobia
Heleobia longiscata Bourguignat,
1856
/DNH*|OEDúÕ [35]
108.
Subfamily: Horatiinae
Genus: Horatia
Horatia parvula Nae
g
ele, 1894
Tokat, Isparta Keçiborlu stream [22]
109.
Genus: Sadleriana
Sadleriana affinis Frauenfeld,
1863
Karpuzatan (Kayseri), [22]
110. Sadleriana byzanthina
byzanthina Kuster, 1852 Bursa, Sakarya, Bilecik [22, 90]
111. Sadleriana byzanthina demirsoyii
Yildirim and Morkoyunlu, 1997
<DUÕúSÕQDU6SULQJ*|PEH6SULQJ$QWDO\D.PEHWOLSÕQDU6SULQJ
<DUÕúOÕ 9LOODJH 6SULQJ <HúLORYD %XUGXU %XUGXU /DNH %DVLQ .P
EHWOL
S
ÕQDU.RFD
S
ÕQDU9LOOD
J
H<DUÕúOÕ/DNH
[18, 91, 93]
112. Sadleriana fluminensis Kuster,
1853 Lake Sapanca [34]
113. Sadleriana minuta Nae
g
ele, 1903 (UH
÷
OL

.RQ
\
D

[94]
114.
Subfamily: Islamiinae
Genus: Islamia
Islamia bunarbasa Schütt, 1964
Antalya-.ÕUNJ|]NDUVWVSULQJV [84]
115. Islamia pseudorientalica
Radoman, 1973 Antalya-.ÕUNJ|]NDUVWVSULQJV [84]
116. Islamia anatolica Radoman, 1973 Antal
y
a-.ÕUN
J
|]NDUVWV
S
ULQ
J
V [84]
117.
Islamia burduricus Yildirim,
Kaya, Gürlek and Bahadir Koca,
2017
Burdur-$]L]L\HdLELúVSULQJ [95]
118.
Genus: Tefennia
Tefennia tefennica Schütt and
Yildirim, 2003
%DúSÕQDU6SULQJ(Tefenni, Burdur) [18, 76, 96]
119.
Genus: Orientalina
Orientalina caputlacus Schütt
DQGùHúHQ 1993
*ROEDúL/DNH$GÕ\DPDQ$]DSOL/DNH$GÕ\DPDQ [27]

© by PSP Volume 28 ± No. 4A/2019 pages 2992-3013 Fresenius Environmental Bulletin
2998
120.
Genus: Turkorientalia
Turkorientalia anatolica
Radoman, 1973
<HUFH\6SULQJ<DUL܈OL6SULQJ<H܈LORYD%XUGXU [32, 84, 97]
121.
Genus: Sheitanok
Sheitanok amidicus Schütt &
ùHúHQ
$GÕ\DPDQ'L\DUEDNÕU0DUGLQ6LLUWùÕUQDN [98]
122.
Genus: Torosia
Torosia proscwitzi Gloer &
Georgiev, 2012
Toros, Gölhisar, Burdur [58]
123.
Genus: Sivasi
Sivasi bodoni .RúDOùDKLQ.RFD
& <ÕOGÕUÕP, 2012
Sivas-*UQ*|NSÕQDU [71]
124.
Family: Lithoglyphidae
Subfamily: Lithoglyphinae
Genus: Lithoglyphus
Lithoglyphus naticoides Pfeiffer,
1828
7DúNÕVÕ÷Õ/DNH%\N$NJ|O/DNH6DSDQFD [13, 14, 48]
PULMONATE
Species
no. Classification Area Source
1.
Class: Gastropoda
Subclass: Heterobranchia
Order: Hygrophila
Superfamily: Lymnaeoidea
Family: Acroloxidae
Genus: Acroloxus
Acroloxus lacustris Linnaeus,
1758
*|NSÕQDUSRQG'HQL]OL*|NJ|O9LOODJH
source (Dinar-dLYULODUDVÕ<D\OD/DNH
%XOGDQ .ÕUNJ|] $QWDO\D .RQQH
6SULQJ (÷LUGLU ,VSDUWD /DNH (÷LUGLU
(Isparta), Lake Sapanca (Sakarya), Izmir,
7HIHQQL%DúSÕQDU9LOODJH.ÕUNSÕQDU0D
latya, Tunceli, Büyük Menderes River
[11, 18, 23, 28, 31, 33, 34, 45, 54, 67, 72, 89,
99, 100]
2.
Acroloxus egirdirensis Shi-
URND\D.HEDSFÕ+DXIIHDQG
Albrecht, 2012
/DNH(÷LUGLU(Isparta) [101]
3.
Family: Bulinidae
Subfamily: Bulininae
Genus: Bulinus
Bulinus truncatus Audouin,
1827
&H\ODQSÕQDU8UID [36]
4.
Family: Lymnaeidae
Subfamily: Lymnaeinae
Genus: Galba
Galba truncatula Müller, 1774
/DNH 6DSDQFD /DNH %H\úHKLU .RQ\D
$QWDO\D.RQQH6SULQJ(÷LUGLU,VSDUWD
/DNH (÷LUGLU ,VSDUWD ,]PLU ,VSDUWD
%DOÕNND\D (UH÷OL-Zonguldak, Toros
'D÷ODUÕ%XFDN<D]ÕSÕQDUVillage Sulama
.DQDOÕ3ÕQDUEDúÕ.D\QD÷Õ.HVWHO9LOODJH
%XFDN.XúEDED9LOODJH%DúJ|]
$÷ODVXQ 6R÷DQOÕ 9LOODJH gUHQFLN 9LO
ODJH .XUQD 9LOODJH 7HU]LSÕQDU
*|OKLVDU .R]SÕQDU *|OKLVDU dDWD
OROXN 6SULQJ 6DUÕ 6HNL øQFLUOLSÕQDU
*|OEDúÕ 9LOODJH $÷ODsun Dereköy,
Terkos Lake, Erciyes Mountain (Kay-
VHUL,VWUDQFD6WUHDP6DUÕoD\FUHHN0D
latya, Tunceli, Mersin Limonlu (Lamos)
Stream, Down Sakarya River (Karasu),
(OHúNLUW 'ROXWDú YLOODJH  $÷UÕ 1XK¶XQ
*HPLVL$÷UÕ*|OEDúÕ/DNH$]DSOÕ
/DNHøQHNOL/Dke, Ce
y
han River basin
[14, 16, 18, 20, 23, 27, 30, 31, 39, 45, 46, 54,
72, 88, 89, 91, 99, 100, 102, 103, 104, 105, 150]
5.
Genus: Lymnaea
Lymnaea stagnalis Linnaeus,
1758
/DNH 6DSDQFD %H\úHKLU .RQ\D /DNH
(÷LUGLU ,VSDUWD 7HUNRV /DNH ,VSDUWD
(÷LUGLU,VSDUWD(UFL\HV0RXQWDLQ.D\
seri), Down Sakarya River (Karasu),
*|NSÕQDU 6WUHDP 6D] /DNH
'R÷XEH\D]ÕW-$÷UÕ 3R\UD]ODU /DNH
$EDQW /DNH <HQLoD÷D/DNH ,úÕNOÕ/DNH
(Denizli)
[9, 13, 14, 45, 46, 47, 48, 89, 100, 102, 103,
104, 105, 106]

© by PSP Volume 28 ± No. 4A/2019 pages 2992-3013 Fresenius Environmental Bulletin
2999
6.
Genus: Radix
Radix auricularia Linnaeus,
1758
%ROX ø]PLU 'HQL]OL $\GÕQ $QWDO\D
%XUGXU .WDK\D $I\RQ 1L÷GH .RQ\D
&H\ODQSÕQDU8UID0HUVLQ$GDQD$Q
WDN\D'L\DUEDNÕU0DUGLQ8UID*|OEDúÕ
øQHNOL$]DSOÕ$GÕ\DPDQ$NJ|O*H
EHNLUVH$÷ODVXQ%XUGXU.DUDWDú/DNH
%XUGXU $N\DND 0X÷OD
.Õ]ÕOFDKDPDP %HúJ|O 6SULQJ &HUQHN
/DNH /DNH %H\úHKLU .RQ\D /DNH
(÷LUGLU ,VSDUWD ,VSDUWD &H\ODQSÕQDU
8UID .DUÕQ /DNH øOYDW /DNH (UFL\HV
0RXQWDLQ.D\VHUL6DUÕoD\FUHHN/DNH
(÷LUGLU.RYDGD Channel, Lake Kovada,
1XK¶XQ*HPLVL$÷UÕ6DUÕVX$÷UÕ3DW
QRV'DP/DNH$÷UÕ$EDQW/DNHdXEXN
/DNH*|OEDúÕ /DNH$]DSOÕ/DNH øQHNOL
Lake, Ce
y
han River basin
[12, 13, 17, 18, 24, 28, 36, 39, 50, 53, 88, 89,
100, 102, 104, 105, 107, 108, 150]
7. Radix balthica Linnaeus, 1758
,VSDUWD <D]ÕU /DNH .DUÕQFDOÕ /DNH
Erciyes Mountain (Kayseri), Malatya,
3R\UD]ODU/DNH6ONO/DNH,úÕNOÕ/DNH
(Denizli)
[13, 31, 45, 47, 53, 100, 102, 109, 110]
8. Radix labiata Rossmässler,
1835
+DFÕODU 9LOODJH /DNH *|OEDúÕ +DWD\
/DNH 6DSDQFD.DUDFD|UHQ .DUJÕ'DP
/DNH $÷ODVXQ %DúN|\ %XUGXU /DNH
gUHQFLN 9LOODJH .RFD 3ÕQDU YLOODJH
'JHU9LOODJH+DFÕODU9LOODJH3ÕQDUEDúÕ
9LOODJH .DUDWDú /DNHdDWDOROXN 6SULQJ
øQFLUOLSÕQDU *|OEDúÕ 9LOODJH 7HUNRV
Lake, AkyaND.DGÕQ5LYHUEUDQFK'RZQ
6DNDU\D 5LYHU .DUDVX 'H÷LUPHQGHUH
6WUHDP7XQFHOL/DNH(÷LUGLU/DNH.R
vada Abant Lake (Bolu), Emir Lake (An-
WDN\D$NúHKLU/DNH.RQ\D$SRO\RQW
Lake, Sapanca Lake, Abant Lake, Mar-
PDUD/DNH.|SU|UHQ6WUHDP7DYúDQOÕ
+DPLGL\H 9LOODJH 6WUHDP (VNLúHKLU-
.RQ\D\ROXdDYXúoX/DNH(EHU/DNH
'HYH|Q .|úNSÕQDU 6SULQJ ,VSDUWD
(÷LUGLU/DNH+HQGHN%H\úHKLU<ÕODQOÕ
6D]Õ3RQG%H\úHKLU%DNDUDQ9LOODJH
6WUHDP %H\úHKLU $NJ|O *HEHNLUVH
$÷ODVXQ%XUGXU.DUDWDú/ake(Burdur),
$N\DND 0X÷OD.Õ]ÕOFDKDPDP %HúJ|O
6SULQJ %DOÕN /DNH 8]XQ /DNH *ÕFÕ
Lake, Cernek Lake , Derbent Dam Lake,
Lake Sapanca (Sakarya), Antalya, Konne
6SULQJ (÷LUGLU ,VSDUWD /DNH (÷LUGLU
,VSDUWD ,]PLU ,VSDUWD .DUÕQ /DNH
.DUÕQFDOÕ *|O 6XVDP /DNH øOYDW /DNH
6ONO/DNH%R]NÕU(UFL\HV0RXQWDLQ
.D\VHUL (÷LUGLU ,VSDUWD *]HOKLVDU
Reservoir, Alia÷a (øzmir), Özbek Village,
3ÕQDUOÕ 6WUHDP 8UOD øzmir), Karagöl
Lake, Seferihisar (øzmir), Göksu Springs,
Muradiye (Manisa), O÷lana÷DVÕ 3RQG
Menderes (ø]PLU6DUÕoD\FUHHN,VWUDQFD
Stream, Mersin Limonlu (Lamos) Stream,
<XYDUODNoD\.|\FH÷L](OHúNLUW8OXGDO
YLOODJH $÷UÕ 'H÷LUPHQGHUH $÷UÕ
6DUÕVX$÷UÕ'R÷XEH\D]ÕW%DOÕN 6WUHDP
$÷UÕ 6D] /DNH $÷UÕ .DUDFD YLOODJH
(A÷UÕ7DúOÕoD\$÷UÕ$GÕPRYD6WUHDP
$÷UÕ +DPXU VX\X $÷UÕ 3R\UD]ODU
/DNH7DúNÕVÕ÷Õ/DNH$EDQW/DNH<H
QLoD÷D /DNH ,úÕNOÕ /DNH 'HQL]OL,
Ceyhan River basin
[10, 12, 13, 14, 16, 17, 18, 19, 23, 24, 28, 29,
30, 34, 35, 39, 45, 46, 47, 53, 54, 67, 72, 89, 91,
99, 100, 102, 105, 111, 150]
9. Radix lagotis Schrank, 1803 'R
÷
XEH
\
D]ÕW

$
÷
UÕ

[70]
10.
Genus: Stagnicola
Stagnicola palustris Müller,
1774
3DWODN 6WUHDPø]QLN /DNH$EDQW /DNH
%ROX *PúEHO 3RQG (VNLúHKLU
dDYXúoX /DNH 'HYH|Q 3RQG $I\RQ
$NDUoD\6WUHDP$I\RQ*HPLú 9LOODJH
3RQGdDUGDN)LGDQOÕN'LWFK(÷ULGLU
$NNHoHOL 9LOODJH /DNH (÷UL GLU <ÕODQOÕ
6D]Õ 3RQG

%H
\
úHKLU

 .Uú 'LWFK
[9, 12, 13, 18, 19, 23, 27, 28, 33, 34, 39, 53, 57,
67,72, 88, 89, 91, 99, 100, 102, 103, 104, 112]

© by PSP Volume 28 ± No. 4A/2019 pages 2992-3013 Fresenius Environmental Bulletin
3000
$QWDO\D .DUDJ|O (OPDOÕ ø]QLN /DNH
dDNDUFD  .ÕUNJ|] $QWDO\D %HúJ|O
6SULQJ*ÕFÕ/DNH&HUQHN/DNH.ÕUNJ|]
(Antalya), Lake Sapanca (Sakarya), An-
WDO\D %H\úHKLU .RQ\D .RQQH 6SULQJ
(÷LUGLU,VSDUWD/DNH%H\úHKLU.RQ\D
/DNH (÷LUGLU (Isparta), Izmir, Isparta,
%XFDN <D]ÕSÕQDU9LOODJH .DUDWDú /DNH
7HIHQQL %DúSÕQDU 9LOODJH .ÕUNSÕQDU
<DPDGÕ /DNH øQFLUOLSÕQDU *|OEDúÕ 9LO
ODJH%XUGXU.Õ]ÕORW/DNH.RYDOÕ/DNH
6H\GLúHKLU 'LSVL] /DNH 6H\GLúHKLU
6ONO /DNH 6H\GLúHKLU (UFL\Hs
0RXQWDLQ .D\VHUL (÷LUGLU ,VSDUWD
*|OEDúÕ/DNH $]DSOÕ/DNHøQHNOL /DNH
7HUNRV/DNH$NoDSÕQDU6WUHDP$N\DND
.DGÕQ 5LYHU EUDQFK *HOEXOD YLOODJH
'RNX] 3ÕQDU :DWHU +DQ <HUL 9LOODJH
.D\D|Q .DUD 7Dú .D\VHUL 6DUÕoD\
creek
11. Stagnicola tekecus Glöer and
<ÕOGÕUÕP Konne Spring (Isparta) [113]
12. Stagnicola kayseris Glöer and
<ÕOGÕUÕP
Kayseri Karpuz Sekisi basin gelbula vil-
OD
J
H.D
\
VHUL3DVWÕUPDFÕODU3DUN*DUGHQ [113]
13.
Family: Physidae
Subfamily: Physinae
Genus: Physa
Physa fontinalis Linnaeus,
1758
Abant Lake (Bolu), Eber Lake, Çay
7RZQVKLS *HPLú 9LOODJH3RQG dDUGDN
Township, Çötel Village Pond, Çivril,
dDSDOÕ 9LOODJH 3RQG 3ÕQDUEDúÕ 'LQDU
(÷ULGLU /DNH $SRO\RQW /DNH .ÕUNJ|]
(Antalya), Kurttepe Stream (Kayseri),
Cernek Lake, Derbent Dam Lake, Lake
(÷LUGLU ,VSDUWD .DUÕQ /DNH .Õ]ÕORW
/DNH øOYDW /DNH .RYDOÕ /DNH 6H\
GLúHKLU 'LSVL] /DNH 6H\GLúHKLU
6ONO /DNH 6H\GLúHKLU *DYXU /DNH
6H\GLúHKLU(UFL\HV0RXQWDLQ.D\VHUL
Balçova Hot Spring, Balçova (øzmir),
Gediz Stream, Maltepe Village, Mene-
men (ø]PLU 6DUÕoD\ FUHHN 7DúNÕVÕ÷Õ
/DNH%
\
N$N
J
|O,úÕNOÕ/DNH

'enizli)
[12, 13, 28, 29, 39, 47, 53, 67, 89, 100, 102]
14.
Genus: Physella
Physella acuta Draparnaud,
1805
.Uú9LOODJH6HULN,OÕFDSÕQDU.DUDGD\Õ
9LOODJH 6HULN dDUúDPED 6WUHDP $Q
WDO\D %H\úHKLU .RQ\D .RQQH 6SULQJ
(÷LUGLU ,VSDUWD /DNH (÷LUGLU (Isparta),
&H\ODQSÕQDU 8UID &HUQHN /DNH 'HU
bent Dam Lake, Malatya, Gülbahçe Vil-
lage, Muradiye (Manisa), Güzelhisar Res-
ervoir, Alia÷a (ø]PLU hoSÕQDU 9LOODJH
Trough, Muradiye (Manisa), Göksu
6SULQJV0XUDGL\H0DQLVD.DQÕ)RXQ
WDLQhoSÕQDU9LOODJH Muradiye- Manisa,
%RUQRYD6WUHDP%RUQRYDø]PLU6HIHU
ihisar Reservoir, Seferihisar (øzmir), Lake
(÷LUGLU.RYDGD &KDQQHO/DNH.RYDGD
6DUÕoD\FUHHN,VWUDQFD6WUHDP'RZQ6D
NDU\D 5LYHU 7XQFHOL 'H÷LUPHQGHUH
6WUHDP$÷ODVXQ6WUHDP ,VSDUWD 6WUHDP
Mersin Limonlu (Lamos) Stream, Terkos
/DNH .DUDVX <XYDUODNoD\ .|\FH÷L]
7DúNÕVÕ
÷
Õ/DNH, Ce
y
han River basin
[9, 10, 12, 13, 16, 17, 28, 29, 30, 31, 36, 39, 45,
46, 48, 54, 67, 89, 91, 99, 100, 103, 104, 111,
114, 150]
15.
Family: Planorbidae
Subfamily: Ancylinae
Genus: Ancylus
Ancylus fluviatilis
Müller, 1774
Ayazma Stream (Çanakkale), Girne
6WUHDP(GUHPLW'DOR÷OX*DUGHQ'LWFK
(Turgutlu), Koçak Stream (Umurlu),
Kestane Water Ditch (Buldan), Bakaran
9LOODJH 6WUHDP %H\úHKLU 7DúOÕFD 9LO
ODJH %H\úHKLU $\NÕUFDKDQÕ 9LOODJH
6WUHDP (OPDOÕ .DUDoD\ 6WUHDP )LQ
LNH dDUúDPED 6WUHDP $QWDO\D /DNH
(÷LUGLU ,VSDUWD ,]PLU ,VSDUWD
&H\ODQSÕQDU8UID7HIHQQL%DúSÕQDU9LO
ODJH$÷ODVXQ'HUHN|\(UFL\HV0RXQWDLQ
.D\VHUL (÷LUGLU ,VSDUWD 'H÷irmen-
dere Stream, ø]PLUg]EHN9LOODJH3ÕQDUOÕ
Stream, Urla (øzmir), Yi
÷
itler Stream,
[10, 11, 18, 23, 28, 29, 31, 36, 67, 89, 91, 100,
102, 104, 111, 150]

© by PSP Volume 28 ± No. 4A/2019 pages 2992-3013 Fresenius Environmental Bulletin
3001
Kemalpaúa-øzmir, Seferihisar Reservoir,
Seferihisar (ø]PLU 0DODW\D 'H÷LUPHQ
dere Stream, Büyük Menderes River,
<XYDUODNoD\ .|\FH÷L] &H\KDQ 5LYHU
basin
16.
Genus: Ferrissia
Ferrissia wautieri
Mirolli, 1960
Isparta, Izmir [23, 100]
17.
Subfamily: Planorbinae
Genus: Planorbarius
Planorbarius corneus
Linnaeus, 1758
,]PLU /DNH %H\úHKLU .RQ\D /DNH
(÷LUGLU ,VSDUWD .DUDWDú /DNH 7HUNRV
/DNH .RYDOÕ /DNH 6H\GLúHKLU 'LSVL]
/DNH6H\GLúHKLU6ONO/DNH6H\
GLúHKLU *DYXU /DNH 6H\GLúHKLU
(UFL\HV 0RXQWDLQ .D\VHUL (÷LUGLU
(Isparta), Malatya, Yuvarlakçay
.|\FH÷L] 3R\UD]ODU /DNH 7DúNÕVÕ÷Õ
/DNH%\N $NJ|O 0HOHQ 5LYHU ,úÕNOÕ
Lake (Denizli)
[9, 10, 13, 18, 23, 31, 45, 47, 53, 88, 89, 100,
102, 103, 104]
18.
Genus: Anisus
Anisus spirorbis Linnaeus,
1758
Toprakkale (Erzurum) [20]
19. Anisus leucostoma Millet,
1813
/DNH*|OEDúÕ+DWD\
[35]
20. Anisus vorticulus Troschel,
1834 Afyon [112]
21.
Genus: Bathyomphalus
Bathyomphalus contortus Lin-
naeus, 1758
.RQQH 6SULQJ (÷LUGLU ,VSDUWD /DNH
(÷LUGLU,VSDUWD*DYXU/DNH6H\GLúHKLU [53, 89, 99, 100, 115]
22.
Genus: Gyraulus
Gyraulus albus Müller, 1774
Yayla Lake (Buldan), Ömerçukuru Pond
6DUÕJ|O .RFDSÕQDU *UDYJD]-Burdur),
$N\DND0X÷OD.Õ]ÕOFDKDPDP%HúJ|O
6SULQJ .RQQH 6SULQJ (÷LUGLU ,VSDUWD
.ÕUNJ|]$QWDO\D/DNH(÷LUGLU,VSDUWD
Antalya, Izmir, Armut Village Kendir
Pond, Akçaköy Kara Ahmet Spring,
<DUÕúOÕ 9LOODJH .DUDWDú /DNH %XOGan
Dam Lake (Denizli), Güzelhisar Reser-
voir, Alia÷a (øzmir), Gediz Stream,
Maltepe Village, Menemen (øzmir),
O÷lana÷DVÕ 3RQG 0HQGHUHV øzmir),
'H÷LUPHQGHUH6WUHDP/DNH(÷LUGLU.R
YDGD &KDQQHO /DNH .RYDGD *|NSÕQDU
6WUHDP <XYDUODNoD\ .|\FH÷L]
EOHúNLUW'ROXWDúYLOODJH$÷UÕ3R\UD]ODU
/DNH 7DúNÕVÕ÷Õ /DNH %\N $NJ|O
$EDQW/DNH<HQLoD÷D/DNHdXEXN/DNH,
Ce
y
han River basin
[10, 13, 17, 18, 23, 28, 29, 33, 67, 89, 91, 99,
100, 104, 105, 106, 111, 116, 117, 150]
23. Gyraulus ehrenbergi Beck,
1837
<HQLSÕQDU*D]LDQWHS7RSUDNNDOH(U]X
rum) [20]
24. Gyraulus piscinarum
Bourguignat,1852
/DNH *|OEDúÕ +DWD\ /DNH %H\úHKLU
.RQ\D<D]ÕU/DNH'XUXFD*|O0HUVLQ
Limonlu (Lamos) Stream, Ceyhan River
basin
[30, 35, 48, 53, 88, 150]
25. Gyraulus piscinarum acutissi-
mus 6FKWWùHúHQ
Vilayet Adiyaman, Azapli Lake (Adi-
y
aman) [27]
26. Gyraulus euphraticus
Mousson, 1874 &H\ODQSÕQDU8UID [36]
27. Gyraulus laevis Alder, 1839
Izmir, Akçaköy Stream, Alanköy Pond,
7DúSÕQDU YLOODJH g]E HN 9LOODJH 3ÕQDUOÕ
Stream, Urla (øzmir), Gülbahçe Village
Stream, Muradiye (Manisa), Güzelhisar
Reservoir, Alia÷a (ø]PLU hoSÕQDU 9LO
lage Trough, Muradiye (Manisa), Göksu
6SULQJV0XUDGL\H0DQLVD.DQÕ)RXQ
WDLQhoSÕQDU9LOODJH0XUDGL\H0DQLVD
*|N
S
ÕQDU6WUHam
[18, 23, 29, 106]
28. Gyraulus parvus Sa
y
, 1817 Derbent Dam Lake [12]
29. Gyraulus crista Linnaeus,
1758 $I\RQ6DUÕoD\FUHHN [18, 39, 112]

© by PSP Volume 28 ± No. 4A/2019 pages 2992-3013 Fresenius Environmental Bulletin
3002
30. Gyraulus nedyalkovi Glöer &
Geor
g
iev 2012 Kazanli village [58]
31. Gyraulus elenae Vinarski,
Glöer & Palatov, 2013 5L]H)ÕQGÕNOÕ'LVWULFWdD÷OD\DQ5LYHU [118]
32. Gyraulus pamphylicus Glöer
& Rähle, 2009 Antalya [119]
33. Gyraulus argaeicus Sturany,
1904 /DNHRI6R\VDOOÕYLOODJH [58, 120]
34.
Genus: Planorbis
Planorbis planorbis Linnaeus,
1758
Gelbula village, Han Yeri Village,
$NúHKLU/DNH.RQ\D1L÷GHø]QLN/DNH
dDNDUFD .ÕUNJ|] $QWDO\D
6ÕUDNDUDD÷DoODU 6WUHDP 6DUÕNXP /DNH
/DNH 6DSDQFD 6DNDU\D 6DUÕNXP /DNH
6LQRS%H\úHKLU.RQ\D.RQQH6SULQJ
(÷LUGLU,VSDUWD/DNH%H\úHKLU.RQ\D
/DNH(÷LUdir (Isparta), Izmir, Lake Abant,
,VSDUWD .LUD]OÕ $ODEDOÕN WHVLVOHUL .RFD
3ÕQDU YLOODJH %XUGXU .D\DDOWÕ 9LOODJH
<DPDGÕ /DNH øQFLUOLSÕQDU *|OEDúÕ 9LO
ODJH7HUNRV/DNH.DUÕQ/DNH.DUÕQFDOÕ
*|O.Õ]ÕORW/DNH'XUXFD*|OøOYDW
/DNH'LSVL] /DNH%R]NÕr), Dipsiz Lake
6H\GLúHKLU *DYXU /DNH 6H\GLúHKLU
6ONO/DNH6H\GLúHKLU6DUÕoD\FUHHN
Akhisar reservoir, Istranca Stream, Mala-
W\D $NoDSÕQDU 6WUHDP $N\DND .DGÕQ
River branch, Down Sakarya River
.DUDVX/DNH(÷LUGLU.RYDGD&KDQQHO
Yuvarlakça\.|\FH÷L]1XK¶XQ*HPLVL
$÷UÕ'R÷XEH\D]ÕW%DUGDNOÕYLOODJH6D]
/DNH'R÷XEH\D]ÕW6D]OÕ÷Õ$÷UÕ,úÕNOÕ
/DNH 'HQL]OL <HQLoD÷D /DNH, Ceyhan
River basin
[9, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 23, 24, 28,
31, 34, 39, 45, 46, 47, 53, 57, 72, 88, 89, 99,
100, 103, 105, 110, 116, 121, 150]
35. Planorbis carinatus Müller,
1774
$QWDO\D%H\úHKLU.RQ\D/DNH(÷LUGLU
,VSDUWD ,VSDUWD .DUDWDú /DNH 7HIHQQL
%DúSÕQDU 6WUHDP 9LOODJH .DUÕQ /DNH
.Õ]ÕORW /DNH .RYDOÕ /DNH 6H\GLúHKLU
Dipsiz Lake 6H\GLúHKLU(UFL\HV0RXQ
tain (Kayseri), Malatya, Güzelhisar Res-
ervoir, Alia÷a (øzmir), O÷lana÷DVÕ 3RQG
Menderes (øzmir), Akhisar reservoir,
'RZQ6DNDU\D5LYHU.DUDVX7DúNÕVÕ÷Õ
/DNH*|OEDúÕ /DNH$]DSOÕ/DNH øQHNOL
/DNH,úÕNOÕ/DNH

'HQL]OL

[13, 18, 27, 29, 31, 39, 45, 46, 47, 53, 89, 91,
100, 102, 103]
36. Planorbis cilicicus
Sturan
y
, 1904 Mersin-Arslanköy (Efrenk) [102, 120]
37. Planorbis intermixtus Mous-
son 1874 $÷UÕ'R÷XEH\D]ÕWPDUVKHV/DNH6DSDQFD [48, 70]
38.
Genus: Hippeutis
Hippeutis complanatus
Linnaeus, 1758
&H\ODQSÕQDU8UID$I\RQ/DNH(÷LUGLU [17, 36, 112]
39.
Genus: Segmentina
Segmentina nitida
Müller, 1774
Melen River [13]
40.
Order: Stylommatophora
Superfamily: Succineoidea
Family: Succineidae
Subfamily: Oxylomatinae
Genus: Oxyloma
Oxyloma elegans Risso, 1826
,VWUDQFD 6WUHDP $N\DND .DGÕQ 5LYHU
EUDQFK $NoDSÕQDU 6WUHDP 0HUVLQ
Limonlu (Lamos) Stream, Yuvarlakçay
.|\FH÷L]*|OEDúÕ /DNH $]DSOÕ/DNH
øQHNOL/DNH, Ceyhan River basin
[10, 16, 19, 27, 30, 150]
BIVALVIA
Species
no. Classification Area Source
1.
Class: Bivalvia
Subclass: Heteroconchia
Order: Veneroida
Superfamily: Dreissenoidae
Famil
y
: Dreissenidae
Derbent Dam Lake, Lake Sapanca, Terkos
/DNH 6DUÕoD\ FUHHN $NKLVDU UHVHUYRLU
Down Sakarya River (Karasu), Lake
(÷LUGLU.RYDGD/DNH%H\úHKLU/DNH%XU
GXU/DNH6D
S
DQFD /DNH 7DúNÕVÕ
÷
Õ /DNH
[9, 12, 13, 14, 39, 45, 46, 122, 123, 150]

© by PSP Volume 28 ± No. 4A/2019 pages 2992-3013 Fresenius Environmental Bulletin
3003
Genus: Dreissena
Dreissena polymorpha Pal-
las,1771
%\N$NJ|O$EDQW/DNH<HQLoD÷D/DNH,
Ceyhan River basin
2. Dreissena polymorpha gal-
landi Locard, 1893 Sapanca Lake, Uluabat Lake [108]
3. Dreissena polymorpha ana-
tolica Locard, 1893
(÷LUGLU /DNH ,VSDUWD %H\úHKLU /DNH
(Kon
y
a) [108]
4. Dreissena polymorpha
siouffi Locard, 1893 )ÕUDW5LYHU [108]
5.
Dreissena polymorpha ar-
nouldiformis
Schütt, 1993
7DúNHVWL,OÕFD0XGXUQX%ROX [108]
6. Dreissena bouldourensis
Fischer, 1866 Burdur Lake [108]
7. Dreissena iconica
Schütt, 1991 .RQ\D(UH÷OL [108, 124]
8. Dreissena caputlacus Schütt,
1993
*|OEDúÕ/DNH$GÕ\DPDQ, Ceyhan River ba-
sin [108, 150]
9. Dreissena diluvii Abich,
1859 Erzurum Horasan [108]
10. Dreissena rostriformis
Uesha
y
es, 1838 Iznik Lake [108]
11.
Superfamily: Dreissenoidae
Family: Dreissenidae
Genus: Corbicula
Corbicula fluminalis
Müller, 1774
*DYXU/DNH.DKUDPDQPDUDú7LJULV5LYHU [125, 126, 150]
12.
Superfamily: Sphaerioidea
Family: Sphaeriidae
Genus: Pisidium
Pisidium casertanum
Poli, 1791
.ÕUNJ|] $QWDO\D dDUúDPED 6WUHDP
%HúJ|O6SULQJ .DUDoD\ )LQLNH6DUÕNXP
/DNH6LQRS.DUÕQFDOÕ/DNH6XVDP/DNH
g]EHN9LOODJH3ÕQDUOÕ6WUHDP8UODøzmir),
Gülbahçe Village Stream, Muradiye (Ma-
nisa), Göksu Springs, Muradiye (Manisa),
.DGÕRYDFÕN )RXQWDLQ dHúme (øzmir),
O÷lana÷DVÕ3RQG Menderes-ø]PLU6DUÕoD\
creek, Akhisar reservoir, Istranca Stream,
7XQFHOL /DNH (÷LUGLU .RYDGD &KDQQHO
*|OEDúÕ /DNH <XYDUODNoD\ .|\FH÷L]
$FDUODU/DNH *|OEDúÕ /DNH$]DSOÕ /DNH
øQHNOL/DNH
[10, 12, 13, 15, 16, 17, 27, 28, 33, 39, 53, 54,
127, 150]
13. Pisidium obtusale
Lamarck, 1818 .RYDOÕ/DNH6H\GLúHKLU [53]
14. Pisidium personatum Malm,
1855 6DUÕNXP/DNH [12]
15. Pisidium subtruncatum
Malm, 1855 .Õ]ÕORW/DNH [53]
16. Pisidium annandalei
Prashad, 1925 Susam Lake [53]
17. Pisidium lilljeborgii Clessin,
1886 Tunceli [54],
18.
Genus: Sphaerium
Sphaerium rivicola
Lamarck, 1818
*DYXU/DNH6H\GLúHKLU [53]
19. Sphaerium corneum
Linnaeus, 1758
*|OEDúÕ/DNH$]DSOÕ/DNHøQHNOL/DNH
[27, 150]
20. S. corneum f. mamillanum
Westerlund, 1871 .RYDOÕ/DNH 6H\GLúHKLU [53]
21. Musculium lacustre
Müller, 1774
.DUDJ|O (OPDOÕ 7DúNÕVÕ÷Õ /DNH *HGL]
'HOWD %XUXQFXN .ÕUNJ|] $QWDO\D
.Õ]ÕOFDKDPDP .RYDOÕ /DNH 6H\GLúHKLU
Lake Sapanca, Güzelhisar Reservoir,
Alia÷a (øzmir), Göksu Springs, Muradiye
(Manisa), O÷lana÷DVÕ 3RQG 0HQGHUHV
(øzmir)
[13, 14, 25, 28, 29, 53, 68, 116]
22.
Order: Unionoida
Family: Unionidae
Genus: Unio
Unio mancus Lamarck, 1819
7LJULV5LYHUdD÷oD÷5LYHU0DUGLQ)DE
ULND 6WUHDP 'L\DUEDNÕU 7LJULV 'L\DUED
NÕU.ÕUNoHúPH0DUGLQ%HNWHúD÷D3RQG
[12, 128, 129]

© by PSP Volume 28 ± No. 4A/2019 pages 2992-3013 Fresenius Environmental Bulletin
3004
23. Unio mancus eucirrus Bour-
g
ui
g
nat, 1860
*|OEDúÕ /DNH $]DSOÕ /DNH øQHNOL /DNH
%HNWHúD
÷
D3RQG [12, 27]
24. Unio pictorum Linnaeus,
1758
$NúHKLU/DNH7DúN|SU(EHU/DNH.oN
$NJ|O%\N$NJ|O%HúJ|O6SULQJ%DOÕN
Lake, Uzun Lake, Lake Sapanca, Terkos
/DNH*DYXU/DNH.DKUDPDQPDUDú/DNH
Sapanca, Down Sakarya River (Karasu),
Kü
ç
ük Ak
g
öl, Bü
y
ük Ak
g
öl
[9, 12, 13, 14, 16, 25, 28, 33, 45, 46, 130, 131]
25. Unio stevenianus Krynicki,
1837 River Karasu basin, Lake van [132]
26. Unio terminalis
Bour
g
ui
g
nat, 1852 $GÕ\DPDQ$]DSOÕ/DNH [133]
27. Unio terminalis delicatus
Lea, 1863 /DNH*|OEDúÕ.ÕUÕNKDQ+DWD\ [134, 135]
28. Unio delicatus Lea, 1863 Ceyhan River basin (Gavur lake, Hemite,
6ÕUGDPODNH

[150]
29. Unio crassus Philipsson,
1788
Sarma Village, Sarma Stream, Muradiye
0DQLVD /DNH 6DSDQFD *|OEDúÕ /DNH
$]D
S
OÕ/DNHøQHNOL/DNH
[27, 29, 131]
30. Unio bruguierianus
Bour
g
ui
g
nat, 1853 Mersin Limonlu (Lamos) River [30]
31. Unio tigridis Bourguignat,
1852 /DNH*|OEDúÕ [136]
32. Unio syriacus Lea, 1863
Ceyhan River basin (Gavur lake, Hemite,
6ÕUGDPODNH$VODQWDúGDPODNH.DUWDOND\D
dam lake, Törbüzek stream)
[150]
33.
Genus: Anodonta
Anodonta cygnea Linnaeus,
1758
%DOÕN/DNH8]XQ/DNH/DNH6DSDQFD
7HUNRV /DNH 6DUÕoD\ FUHHN ,VWUDQFD
Stream, Down Sakarya River (Karasu),
Lake Sapanca, Meriç River, Karadere, Lake
Manyas, Ulubat River, Lake Apolyont,
/DNH %H\úHKLU /DNH dÕOGÕU .DUV
7DúNÕVÕ
÷
Õ/DNH.DUDPXUDW/DNH
[9, 12, 13, 14, 16, 25, 39, 45, 46, 72, 131, 137,
138]
34. Anodonta piscinalis Nilsson,
1823 Tigris River [126]
35. Anodonta pseudodopsis Lo-
card, 1883 /DNH*|OEDúÕ%DOÕN/DNH [35, 139, 140]
36. Anodonta anatina Linnaeus,
1758 Lake Sapanca [131]
37.
Genus: Sinanodonta
Sinanodonta woodiana
Rea, 1834
Lake Sapanca [131]
38.
Genus: Potamida
Potamida semirugata
Lamarck, 1819
/DNH *|OEDúL $]DSOÕ /DNH øQHNOL /DNH
Ceyhan and Seyhan rivers [27, 141, 142, 150]
39.
Genus: Leguminaia
Leguminaia wheatleyi
Lea, 1862
0DUGLQ/DNH*|OEDúÕ [143, 144, 145]
40.
Family: Margaritiferidae
Genus: Margaritifera
Margaritifera homsensis
Lea, 1864
Orontes River [146]
In the Mediterranean, Aegean, Marmara and
Central Anatolia regions, the most common proso-
branch species are Theodoxus and Melanopsis. Apart
from these, Islamia, Graecoanatolica, Bithynia,
Pseudobithynia and Pseudamnicola species are dis-
tributed intensively. Again endemism is very high in
these genus. Planorbiid and Lymnaeid which belong
to Pulmonata snails are observed frequently in inter-
nal waters of Turkey. Although it appears that the
number of studies conducted in the Mediterranean
Region is directly proportional to the number of
species found, the zoogeographical location and for-
mation of this region has increased this richness. The
Mediterranean was formed geologically in a close
period. In the Late Miocene times, it used to stretch
to most of Eastern Europe and part of Asia 11.6 to
5.3 million years ago. In the time of the Mio-Plio-
cene, this large but shallow sea was divided into
brackish and fresh water basins. Today the Mediter-
ranean region has many freshwater stream systems
and many endemic species. Hydrobiidae and

© by PSP Volume 28 ± No. 4A/2019 pages 2992-3013 Fresenius Environmental Bulletin
3005
FIGURE 1
Distribution and density of malacological studies in Turkey according to the eight regions.
(The color is darkening from the least studied region to the most studied region).
FIGURE 2
Zoogeographical distribution of the Prosobranch species.
Bithyniidae are the most frequent groups in these
waters with many Gastropod species [147].
In studies conducted to date in Turkey, 113 spe-
cies from subclassis of Prosobranchia and 11
subspecies (totally 124 species) were identified. 63%
of these species are Endemic and this subclass
demonstrates very high level of endemism. 21% of
the detected species are Palearctic and 13% are of

© by PSP Volume 28 ± No. 4A/2019 pages 2992-3013 Fresenius Environmental Bulletin
3006
Levant origin. The other 3% are from the Mediterra-
nean, Afro- tropical and Australasia (Figure 2).
In previous studies conducted on Prosobran-
FKLD<ÕOGÕUÕPVWDWHGWKDWWKHUHZHUHVSH
cies and 12 subspecies and the endemism was close
to 50% [32],QDQRWKHUVWXG\SHUIRUPHGE\<ÕOGÕUÕP
et al. in 2006, it was stated that the number of species
reached up to 80 [76]. The acceptance of a zone as a
zoogeographic region suggests that the endemism
must reach 50% [32; 116]. According to this theory;
the fact that 63% of the Prosobranches living in An-
atolia are endemic species, makes the region a zoo-
geographic one.
At the end of the study, a total of 40 species
were identified from the subclassis of Pulmonata.
Only 20% of these species are endemic. 46% of the
remaining species are Palearctic, 17% are Levant,
12% are Holarctic, 3% are Indotropical, and 2% are
Afrotropical region members (Figure 3). In the study
conducted by Yildirim et al. (2006) it was mentioned
about the existence of 28 species in Turkey while he
did not incorporate Radix balthica species as there
are no sufficient data [61]. This checklist included
11 species and Radix balthica (= Lymnaea balthica
f. ovata), which was recorded by Sturany (1905),
Forcart (1953) and Götting (1961) [102; 109; 110].
Studies involving freshwater Bivalvs made up
to now have detected 33 species and 7 subspecies.
45% of these species are Palearctic, 23% are Holarc-
tic, 22% are Endemic and 10% are Middle East
FIGURE 3
Zoogeographical distribution of the Pulmonate species.
FIGURE 4
Zoogeographical distribution of the Bivalv species.

© by PSP Volume 28 ± No. 4A/2019 pages 2992-3013 Fresenius Environmental Bulletin
3007
(Figure 4). Endemic species, including 4 subspecies
and 5 species belong to the genus Dreissena.
In the study conducted by Modell (1951) he
mentioned about their migration route of bivalves
living in Turkey, the migration route he revealed
complies with zoogeographic origins identified in
our study [148]. In the aforementioned study, Cen-
tral European forms, Nile-Mediterranean forms,
South Asian forms and species from the Caucasus
were mentioned. Many of the species given in the
checklist confirm this theory in terms of origin.
9 species and 1 subspecies of the Sphaeriidae
family were given in Bivalves. However, the species
are often zoogeographically from distant regions and
this fact raise suspicion about the accuracy of the di-
agnosis. It is suggested that this family should be re-
vised in future studies.
With this study, zoogeographical distribution
of freshwater molluscs of Turkey and their current
systematic situation were demonstrated. While spe-
cies list was prepared all malacological studies per-
formed in Turkey up to now were taken into consid-
eration. In addition to systematic studies, parasito-
logical and water quality studies were added to the
records provided in the articles. However, many tax-
onomic errors were encountered in these studies. Es-
pecially species names and localization records in
water quality studies are quite complicated and con-
tain contradictions. Even if aforementioned studies
are included in the checklist, revisions and more
careful definition are required in further studies.
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Received: 10.11.2018
Accepted: 20.02.2019
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Mustafa Emre Gurlek
Mehmet Akif Ersoy University
Vocational School of Health Services,
15030 Merkez, Burdur ± Turkey
e-mail: malacoturk@gmail.com