No full-text available
To read the full-text of this research,
you can request a copy directly from the author.
GEO-ECONOMICS AND GEO-POLITICS DRIVE SUCCESSIVE ERAS OF PREDATORY GLOBALIZATION AND SOCIAL ENGINEERING: Historical emergence of climate change, gender equity, and anti-racism as State doctrines
Abstract
Introduction / Abstract: The influence of geopolitical and global economic conditions on the fabric of domestic societies and on individual psychology is most frequently underestimated by civilian commentators, especially regarding Western "free and democratic" societies. The military, on the other hand, do not underestimate the importance of broad trade and economic factors on the very fabric of a society and on the psychology of its citizens, at least in targeted developing countries. 2 This article has two main goals. The first is to demonstrate the large extent to which the global financial system determines national and regional reality in people's lives and security, including in the USA itself and in the Western world in general, with an emphasis on the two main post-World-War-II transformations, which were initiated in 1971, following the cancellation of the Bretton Woods agreement, and in 1991, following the dissolution of the Soviet Union. The second is to describe the on-going tectonic shift that followed the 1991 dissolution of the Soviet Union in broader terms than is usually envisioned, and how this driven and coordinated shift was chronologically accompanied by: a dramatic acceleration of trade and finance “globalization”, and an unprecedented campaign of social engineering of the Western upper-middle-classes, aimed at facilitating USA and world-elite opportunistic exploitation of the new global circumstances, in turn leading to the present Gilets jaunes, Brexit, Trump... backlash. (In a sense, “the Russians did it.”) For an “executive summary” with description of the supporting socio-economic data, see the Conclusion section.
Ontario Civil Liberties Association, OCLA Report 2019-1, April 2019, http://ocla.ca/OCLA_Report_2019-1/
... It seems that society is polarized in those that believe in the scenario that human-originated carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) causes significant and dramatic changes of our planet-so-called "Alarmists"-and those that are doubting these theories can stand up to scrutiny-so-called "Skeptics". (Note: the former often call the out here to prove nor disprove the existence of such a global "conspiracy" to take over the world, even though globalization has played a pivotal role and still is playing it, as for instance described by Rancourt (Rancourt, 2019) who observes the importance of the fall of the Soviet empire. The entire idea of talking in terms of conspiracies is absurd. ...
Fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) air pollution exposure is the largest environmental health risk factor in the United States. Here, we link PM 2.5 exposure to the human activities responsible for PM 2.5 pollution. We use these results to explore “pollution inequity”: the difference between the environmental health damage caused by a racial–ethnic group and the damage that group experiences. We show that, in the United States, PM 2.5 exposure is disproportionately caused by consumption of goods and services mainly by the non-Hispanic white majority, but disproportionately inhaled by black and Hispanic minorities. On average, non-Hispanic whites experience a “pollution advantage”: They experience ∼17% less air pollution exposure than is caused by their consumption. Blacks and Hispanics on average bear a “pollution burden” of 56% and 63% excess exposure, respectively, relative to the exposure caused by their consumption. The total disparity is caused as much by how much people consume as by how much pollution they breathe. Differences in the types of goods and services consumed by each group are less important. PM 2.5 exposures declined ∼50% during 2002–2015 for all three racial–ethnic groups, but pollution inequity has remained high.
We introduce the revised version of the KOF Globalisation Index, a composite index measuring globalization for every country in the world along the economic, social and political dimension. The original index was introduced by Dreher (Applied Economics, 38(10):1091–1110, 2006) and updated in Dreher et al. (2008). This second revision of the index distinguishes between de facto and de jure measures along the different dimensions of globalization. We also disentangle trade and financial globalization within the economic dimension of globalization and use time-varying weighting of the variables. The new index is based on 43 instead of 23 variables in the previous version. Following Dreher (Applied Economics, 38(10):1091–1110, 2006), we use the new index to examine the effect of globalization on economic growth. The results suggest that de facto and de jure globalization influence economic growth differently. Future research should use the new KOF Globalisation Index to re-examine other important consequences of globalization and why globalization was proceeding rapidly in some countries, such as South Korea, but less so in others. The KOF Globalisation Index can be downloaded from http://www.kof.ethz.ch/globalisation/.
Background:
Accurate pesticide use data are essential when studying the environmental and public health impacts of pesticide use. Since the mid-1990s, significant changes have occurred in when and how glyphosate herbicides are applied, and there has been a dramatic increase in the total volume applied.
Methods:
Data on glyphosate applications were collected from multiple sources and integrated into a dataset spanning agricultural, non-agricultural, and total glyphosate use from 1974-2014 in the United States, and from 1994-2014 globally.
Results:
Since 1974 in the U.S., over 1.6 billion kilograms of glyphosate active ingredient have been applied, or 19 % of estimated global use of glyphosate (8.6 billion kilograms). Globally, glyphosate use has risen almost 15-fold since so-called "Roundup Ready," genetically engineered glyphosate-tolerant crops were introduced in 1996. Two-thirds of the total volume of glyphosate applied in the U.S. from 1974 to 2014 has been sprayed in just the last 10 years. The corresponding share globally is 72 %. In 2014, farmers sprayed enough glyphosate to apply ~1.0 kg/ha (0.8 pound/acre) on every hectare of U.S.-cultivated cropland and nearly 0.53 kg/ha (0.47 pounds/acre) on all cropland worldwide.
Conclusions:
Genetically engineered herbicide-tolerant crops now account for about 56 % of global glyphosate use. In the U.S., no pesticide has come remotely close to such intensive and widespread use. This is likely the case globally, but published global pesticide use data are sparse. Glyphosate will likely remain the most widely applied pesticide worldwide for years to come, and interest will grow in quantifying ecological and human health impacts. Accurate, accessible time-series data on glyphosate use will accelerate research progress.
We present an improved panel database of national household surveys between 1988 and 2008. In 2008, the global Gini index
is around 70.5%, having declined by approximately 2 Gini points. China graduated from the bottom ranks, changing a twin-peaked
global income distribution to a single-peaked one and creating an important global “median” class. 90% of the fastest growing
country-deciles are from Asia, while almost 90% of the worst performers are from mature economies. Another “winner” was the
global top 1%. Hence the global growth incidence curve has a distinct supine S shape, with gains highest around the median
and top.
Manganese (Mn) is an often overlooked but important nutrient, required in small amounts for multiple essential functions in the body. A recent study on cows fed genetically modified Roundup®‐Ready feed revealed a severe depletion of serum Mn. Glyphosate, the active ingredient in Roundup®, has also been shown to severely deplete Mn levels in plants. Here, we investigate the impact of Mn on physiology, and its association with gut dysbiosis as well as neuropathologies such as autism, Alzheimer’s disease (AD), depression, anxiety syndrome, Parkinson’s disease (PD), and prion diseases. Glutamate overexpression in the brain in association with autism, AD, and other neurological diseases can be explained by Mn deficiency. Mn superoxide dismutase protects mitochondria from oxidative damage, and mitochondrial dysfunction is a key feature of autism and Alzheimer’s. Chondroitin sulfate synthesis depends on Mn, and its deficiency leads to osteoporosis and osteomalacia. Lactobacillus, depleted in autism, depend critically on Mn for antioxidant protection. Lactobacillus probiotics can treat anxiety, which is a comorbidity of autism and chronic fatigue syndrome. Reduced gut Lactobacillus leads to overgrowth of the pathogen, Salmonella, which is resistant to glyphosate toxicity, and Mn plays a role here as well. Sperm motility depends on Mn, and this may partially explain increased rates of infertility and birth defects. We further reason that, under conditions of adequate Mn in the diet, glyphosate, through its disruption of bile acid homeostasis, ironically promotes toxic accumulation of Mn in the brainstem, leading to conditions such as PD and prion diseases.
Celiac disease, and, more generally, gluten intolerance, is a growing problem worldwide, but especially in North America and Europe, where an estimated 5% of the population now suffers from it. Symptoms include nausea, diarrhea, skin rashes, macrocytic anemia and depression. It is a multifactorial disease associated with numerous nutritional deficiencies as well as reproductive issues and increased risk to thyroid disease, kidney failure and cancer. Here, we propose that glyphosate, the active ingredient in the herbicide, Roundup(®), is the most important causal factor in this epidemic. Fish exposed to glyphosate develop digestive problems that are reminiscent of celiac disease. Celiac disease is associated with imbalances in gut bacteria that can be fully explained by the known effects of glyphosate on gut bacteria. Characteristics of celiac disease point to impairment in many cytochrome P450 enzymes, which are involved with detoxifying environmental toxins, activating vitamin D3, catabolizing vitamin A, and maintaining bile acid production and sulfate supplies to the gut. Glyphosate is known to inhibit cytochrome P450 enzymes. Deficiencies in iron, cobalt, molybdenum, copper and other rare metals associated with celiac disease can be attributed to glyphosate's strong ability to chelate these elements. Deficiencies in tryptophan, tyrosine, methionine and selenomethionine associated with celiac disease match glyphosate's known depletion of these amino acids. Celiac disease patients have an increased risk to non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, which has also been implicated in glyphosate exposure. Reproductive issues associated with celiac disease, such as infertility, miscarriages, and birth defects, can also be explained by glyphosate. Glyphosate residues in wheat and other crops are likely increasing recently due to the growing practice of crop desiccation just prior to the harvest. We argue that the practice of "ripening" sugar cane with glyphosate may explain the recent surge in kidney failure among agricultural workers in Central America. We conclude with a plea to governments to reconsider policies regarding the safety of glyphosate residues in foods.
Public awareness of worldwide increase herbicides use and their adverse effects on ecosystems has been growing over the past decades. Herbicides may reach water bodies via agricultural runoff and leaching processes, as well as by direct applications to control noxious aquatic weeds. Once in the aquatic ecosystems, herbicides may reduce environmental quality and influence essential ecosystem functioning by reducing species diversity and community structures, modifying food chains, changing patterns of energy flow and nutrient cycling and changing the stability and resilience of ecosystems. The aim of this chapter is to provide a general notion of the current knowledge concerning the direct and indirect effects of glyphosate and commercial formulations of glyphosate on aquatic ecosystems. Glyphosate based products are the leading post-emergent, systemic and non- selective herbicides for the control of annual and perennial weeds in the world. Here, we present a revision of their toxicity to non-target species of algae, aquatic plants, protozoa, crustaceans, molluscs, fish and amphibians. In addition, we describe the importance of each group of organisms in the functioning and health of aquatic ecosystems. With this information, a conceptual framework can be developed contributing to enhance our attention and concern about human impacts on ecosystems.
Glyphosate, the active ingredient in Roundup ® , is the most popular herbicide used worldwide. The industry asserts it is minimally toxic to humans, but here we argue otherwise. Residues are found in the main foods of the Western diet, comprised primarily of sugar, corn, soy and wheat. Glyphosate's inhibition of cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes is an overlooked component of its toxicity to mammals. CYP enzymes play crucial roles in biology, one of which is to detoxify xenobiotics. Thus, glyphosate enhances the damaging effects of other food borne chemical residues and environmental toxins. Negative impact on the body is insidious and manifests slowly over time as inflammation damages cellular systems throughout the body. Here, we show how interference with CYP enzymes acts synergistically with disruption of the biosynthesis of aromatic amino acids by gut bacteria, as well as impairment in serum sulfate transport. Consequences are most of the diseases and conditions associated with a Western diet, which include gastrointestinal disorders, obesity, diabetes, heart disease, depression, autism, infertility, cancer and Alzheimer's disease. We explain the documented effects of glyphosate and its ability to induce disease, and we show that glyphosate is the "textbook example" of exogenous semiotic entropy: the disruption of homeostasis by environmental toxins.
The Middle East is among the least stable and most fragile regions. It is not surprising, therefore, that concerns have been raised regarding the potential implications of climate change. This article critically examines the potential interactions between climate change and conflict in the Israeli–Palestinian case. Based on a review of the possible effects of climate change, water is identified as the main issue which may be affected, and it also has transboundary implications. We illustrate the potential implications of reduced freshwater availability by assessing the ability to supply normative domestic water needs under rapid population growth scenarios, including return of refugees. In addition, the ability to supply environmental needs and the needs of peripheral farmers under extremely reduced availability scenarios is examined. The normative domestic demand in Israel and the West Bank can be supplied on the basis of natural resources, though re-allocation of water from Israel to the Palestinians is necessary. The Gaza Strip cannot supply the normative domestic needs under any scenario and hence requires immediate augmentation, regardless of climate change. Desalination can supply Gaza’s needs and augment water resources in Israel and the West Bank, thereby partially decoupling domestic and agricultural use from climate. Thus, it is unlikely that climate change will directly affect the conflict. However, framing water as a security issue, along with the potential for furthering such securitization with reference to climate change, may adversely affect the readiness of the parties to take adaptive measures and lead them to rigidify their negotiating positions. Possible effects of climate change on other regional players, particularly Egypt and Jordan, may have indirect effects on the Israeli–Palestinian scene. But this hypothesis requires further study.
This article describes trends in suicide attempt visits to emergency departments in the United States (US). Data were obtained from the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey using mental-health-related ICD-9-CM, E and V codes, and mental-health reasons for visit. From 1992 to 2001, mental-health-related visits increased 27.5% from 17.1 to 23.6 per 1000 (p < .001). Emergency Department (ED) visits for suicide attempt and self injury increased by 47%, from 0.8 to 1.5 visits per 1000 US population (p(trend) = .04). Suicide-attempt-related visits increased significantly among males over the decade and among females from 1992/1993 to 1998/1999. Suicide attempt visits increased in non-Hispanic whites, patients under 15 years or those between 50-69 years of age, and the privately insured. Hospitalization rates for suicide attempt-related ED visits declined from 49% to 32% between 1992 and 2001 (p = .04). Suicide attempt-related visits increased significantly in urban areas, but in rural areas suicide attempt visits stayed relatively constant, despite significant rural decreases in mental-health related visits overall. Ten-year regional increases in suicide attempt-related visits were significant for the West and Northeast only. US emergency departments have witnessed increasing rates of ED visits for suicide attempts during a decade of significant reciprocal decreases in postattempt hospitalization. Emergency departments are increasingly important sites for identifying, assessing and treating individuals with suicidal behavior.
Little research has evaluated changes in the association between area deprivation and suicidal behaviour over time. This study investigated patterns in suicide attempts and suicide mortality according to material deprivation in the province of Québec, Canada between 1990 and 2005.
Ecological analysis.
Data on suicide attempts were extracted from the hospital discharge summary database (n=47,516) and data on suicides were extracted from the Québec death file (n=20,851). Gender- and age-specific (10-24, 25-44, 45-64 and > or = 65 years) suicide attempt and mortality rates were calculated for four time periods (1990-1993, 1994-1997, 1998-2001 and 2002-2005) for the entire Québec population aged 10 years and older residing in 162 communities ranked by decile of material deprivation. Absolute and relative measures of inequality were calculated to summarize differences between the most and least materially deprived areas. Commonly used methods of suicidal behaviour were examined.
Differentials in suicide attempt hospitalization between the most and least deprived areas were present for all age groups, and these decreased slightly among males and increased among females over time. Inequalities in suicide attempts were greatest among young adults (age 25-44 years) for both genders, and were smallest among the elderly (> or = 65 years). For suicide mortality, differentials increased among females but not males; these differentials were greatest among males and 25-44 year olds, and smallest among the elderly. Differentials in commonly used methods were evident for poisoning hospitalizations in both genders and for hanging deaths among males.
In Québec, differences in suicide attempts and mortality between the most and least materially deprived areas persisted or even increased over time. Inequalities were more pronounced for suicide attempts than for suicide mortality, and were greatest among adults of working age. Strategies to reduce socio-economic differences in suicidal behaviour may be important.
At the bottom of every controversy embroiling the university todayâfrom debates over hate-speech codes to the reorganization of the academy as a multicultural institutionâis the concept of academic freedom. But academic freedom is almost never mentioned in these debates. Now nine leading academics, including Henry Louis Gates, Jr., Edward Said, Richard Rorty, and Joan W. Scott, consider the problems confronting the American University in terms of their effect on the future of academic freedom. "Louis Menand has assembled The Future of Academic Freedom to better define and delineate what should and should not happen within our colleges and universities. . . . The whole extremely learned yet accessible debate exploits the freedoms it extols, tackling sensitive subjects such as ethnicity and ethics head-on."âPublishers Weekly "The essays are not only sharp, elegant and lucid, but extremely well-informed about the history of American battles over academic freedom."âAlan Ryan, Times Higher Education Supplement "[A] superb inquiry into some of the most vexing and significant issues in higher education today."âZachary Karabell, Boston Book Review
Asthma, a chronic disease occurring among both children and adults, has been the focus of clinical and public health interventions during recent years. In addition, CDC has outlined a strategy to improve the timeliness and geographic specificity of asthma surveillance as part of a comprehensive public health approach to asthma surveillance.
This report presents national data regarding self-reported asthma prevalence, school and work days lost because of asthma, and asthma-associated activity limitations (1980-1996); asthma-associated outpatient visits, asthma-associated hospitalizations, and asthma-associated deaths (1980-1999); asthma-associated emergency department visits (1992-1999); and self-reported asthma episodes or attacks (1997-1999).
CDC's National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) conducts the National Health Interview Survey annually, which includes questions regarding asthma and asthma-related activity limitations. NCHS collects physician office-visit data in the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey, emergency department and hospital outpatient data in the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey, hospitalization data in the National Hospital Discharge Survey, and death data in the Mortality Component of the National Vital Statistics System.
During 1980-1996, asthma prevalence increased. Annual rates of persons reporting asthma episodes or attacks, measured during 1997-1999, were lower than the previously reported asthma prevalence rates, whereas the rates of lifetime asthma, also measured during 1997-1999, were higher than the previously reported rates. Since 1980, the proportion of children and adults with asthma who report activity limitation has remained stable. Since 1995, the rate of outpatient visits and emergency department visits for asthma increased, whereas the rates of hospitalization and death decreased. Blacks continue to have higher rates of asthma emergency department visits, hospitalizations, and deaths than do whites.
Since the previous report in 1998 (CDC. Surveillance for Asthma--United States, 1960-1995. MMWR 1998;47[No. SS-1]:1-28), changes in asthma-associated morbidity and death have been limited. Asthma remains a critical clinical and public health problem. Although data in this report indicate certain early indications of success in current asthma intervention programs (e.g., limited decreases in asthma hospitalization and death rates), the continued presence of substantial racial disparities in these asthma endpoints highlights the need for continued surveillance and targeted interventions.
The potential global atmospheric and climatic consequences of nuclear war are investigated using models previously developed to study the effects of volcanic eruptions. Although the results are necessarily imprecise due to wide range of possible scenaros and uncertainty in physical parameters, the most probable first-order effects are serious. Significant hemispherical attenuation of the solar radiation flux and subfreezing land temperatures may be caused by fine dust raised in high-yield nuclear surface bursts and by smoke from city and forest fires ignited by airbursts of all yields. For many simulated exchanges of several thousand megatons, in which dust and smoke are generated and encircle the earth within 1 to 2 weeks, average light levels can be reduced to a few percent of ambient and land temperatures can reach -15 degrees to -25 degrees C. The yield threshold for major optical and climatic consequences may be very low: only about 100 megatons detonated over major urban centers can create average hemispheric smoke optical depths greater than 2 for weeks and, even in summer, subfreezing land temperatures for months. In a 5000-megaton war, at northern mid-latitude sites remote from targets, radioactive fallout on time scales of days to weeks can lead to chronic mean doses of up to 50 rads from external whole-body gamma-ray exposure, with a likely equal or greater internal dose from biologically active radionuclides. Large horizontal and vertical temperature gradients caused by absorption of sunlight in smoke and dust clouds may greatly accelerate transport of particles and radioactivity from the Northern Hemisphere to the Southern Hemisphere. When combined with the prompt destruction from nuclear blast, fires, and fallout and the later enhancement of solar ultraviolet radiation due to ozone depletion, long-term exposure to cold, dark, and radioactivity could pose a serious threat to human survivors and to other species.
A Brief History of the International Monetary System since Bretton Woods
"A Brief History of the International Monetary System since Bretton Woods",
DOI:10.1093/oso/9780198718116.003.0001, Chapter 1 in: Resetting the International Monetary
(Non)System, by José Antonio Ocampo, Oxford Scholarship Online, November 2017.
http://www.oxfordscholarship.com/view/10.1093/oso/9780198718116.001.0001/oso-9780198718116-chapter-1
When the Bretton Woods system collapsed
"When the Bretton Woods system collapsed", by Nick Beams, World Socialist Web Site
wsws.org, 16 August 2001. https://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2001/08/bw-a16.html
Black Gold: The End of Bretton Woods and the Oil-Price Shocks of the 1970s
"Black Gold: The End of Bretton Woods and the Oil-Price Shocks of the 1970s", by David
Hammes and Douglas Wills, The Independent Review, v. IX, n. 4, Spring 2005, ISSN 1086-1653, pp. 501-511. http://www.independent.org/pdf/tir/tir_09_4_2_hammes.pdf
World Drug Report" of the UN Office on Drugs and Crime
- Referencing Wikipedia
- The
Wikipedia, referencing the "World Drug Report" of the UN Office on Drugs and Crime, 2016
report. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heroin
The Afghanistan war and the breakdown of the Soviet Union
"The Afghanistan war and the breakdown of the Soviet Union", by Rafael Reuveny and
Aseem Prakash, Review of International Studies, 1999, vol. 25, pp. 693-708.
Net International Investment Position (IIPUSNETIA)
"U.S. Net International Investment Position (IIPUSNETIA)", International Investment
Position, U.S. Trade & International Transactions, National Accounts, FRED Economic Data,
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, accessed on 17 february 2019.
https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/IIPUSNETIA
Exploring a New Private Equity Model
"Exploring a New Private Equity Model", CalPERS, accessed on February 1, 2019.
https://www.calpers.ca.gov/page/investments/asset-classes/private-equity/new-private-equitymodel
[19-a] "What Dow 20,000 looks like in inflation-adjusted terms", by Alex J. Pollock, R Street, 26
Chart of the Week: How two decades of globalization have changed the world
"Chart of the Week: How two decades of globalization have changed the world", by Drew
Desilver, Fact-Tank, Pew Research Center, 24 January 2014. http://www.pewresearch.org/facttank/2014/01/24/chart-of-the-week-how-two-decades-of-globalization-have-changed-the-world/
Economic Policy Institute
"CEO compensation surged in 2017", By Lawrence Mishel and Jessica Schieder, Economic
Policy Institute, 16 August 2018. https://www.epi.org/publication/ceo-compensation-surged-in-2017/
- Emmanuel Saez
- Michael Veall
Emmanuel Saez and Michael Veall, The American Economic Review, vol. 95, June 2005, pp.
831-849. https://eml.berkeley.edu/~saez/saez-veallAER05canada.pdf
Canadian Child Welfare: Child Protection and the Status Quo
"Canadian Child Welfare: Child Protection and the Status Quo", by Karen Swift, Chapter 3
in: Child Protection Systems: International Trends and Orientations, Neil Gilbert, Nigel Parton,
and Marit Skivenes, Oxford Scholarship Online, May 2011, DOI:
10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199793358.001.0001.
equaljustice: balancing the scales. reaching equal justice report: an invitation to envision and act
"Documenting the Justice Gap In America: The Current Unmet Civil Legal Needs of Low-Income Americans", A Report of the Legal Services Corporation, Helaine M. Barnett, President,
Legal Services Corporation, Washington, DC, First edition, September 2005, Second edition,
June 2007. https://www.lsc.gov/sites/default/files/LSC/images/justicegap.pdf
[40] "equaljustice: balancing the scales. reaching equal justice report: an invitation to envision
and act", Report of the CBA Access to Justice Committee, Canadian Bar Association,
November 2013. ISBN: 978-1-927014-11-0.
Some Facts and Figures from the Civil Justice System and the Public
"Some Facts and Figures from the Civil Justice System and the Public", by Mary Stratton,
Canadian Forum on Civil Justice, Toronto, Canada, November 2010. http://cfcjfcjc.org/sites/default/files/docs/2010/cjsp-ff-en.pdf
The Legal Profession in the 21st Century
"The Legal Profession in the 21st Century", Remarks of the Right Honourable Beverley
McLachlin, P.C., Chief Justice of Canada, 2015 Canadian Bar Association Plenary, Calgary,
Alberta, 14 August 2015, Speeches, Judges, Supreme Court of Canada. https://www.scccsc.ca/judges-juges/spe-dis/bm-2015-08-14-eng.aspx
The State of Childhood Asthma
"The State of Childhood Asthma, United States, 1980-2005", by L. Akinbami, Centers for
Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Advance Data, Number 381, 12 December 2006,
revised as of 29 December 2006.
University Funding Cuts: Shortchanging Ontario Students
"University Funding Cuts: Shortchanging Ontario Students", by Hugh Mackenzie and Mark
Rosenfeld, Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives (CCPA), April 2002, ISBN: 0-88627-292-0.
Universities Start to Assess Damage of Tory Assault
"Universities Start to Assess Damage of Tory Assault", by Ontario Confederation of
University Faculty Associations (OCUFA), OCUFA Forum, vol. 11, no. 2, December 1995, p. 1.
- Canada
Canada's Track Record Under NAFTA Chapter 11: North American Investor-State
Disputes to January 2018", by Scott Sinclair, Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives (CCPA),
ISBN 978-1-77125-381-9.
National Vaccine Injury Compensation Program, Health Resources & Services Administration (HRSA)
"Monthly Statistics Report", updated 1 March 2019, National Vaccine Injury Compensation
Program, Health Resources & Services Administration (HRSA). https://www.hrsa.gov/vaccinecompensation/data/index.html
Big gods came after the rise of civilisations, not before, finds study using huge historical database
- H Whitehouse
- P Savage
- P Turchin
- P Francois
For example: "Big gods came after the rise of civilisations, not before, finds study using
huge historical database", by H. Whitehouse, P. Savage, P. Turchin, and P. Francois, The
Conversation, 20 March 2019. https://theconversation.com/big-gods-came-after-the-rise-ofcivilisations-not-before-finds-study-using-huge-historical-database-113801
World Conferences (1990-1996) -Introduction
"World Conferences (1990-1996) -Introduction", United Nations, 23 May 1997.
http://www.un.org/geninfo/bp/intro.html
Thermal equilibrium of the atmosphere with a given distribution of relative humidity
- S Manabe
- R T Wetherald
"Thermal equilibrium of the atmosphere with a given distribution of relative humidity", by S.
Manabe and R.T. Wetherald, Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, vol. 24, no. 3, May 1967, pp.
241-29. https://journals.ametsoc.org/doi/pdf/10.1175/1520-0469(1967)024%3C0241:TEOTAW%3E2.0.CO;2
- V Ramanathan
- J A Coakley
Climate Modeling Through Radiative-Convective Models", by V. Ramanathan and J.A.
Coakley, Reviews of Geophysics and Space Physics, vol. 16, no. 4, November 1978, pp. 465-489. http://www.atmosp.physics.utoronto.ca/people/guido/PHY2502/articles/radconvec/Ramanthan_Coakley_1978.pdf
Climate and the ocean circulation : I. The atmospheric circulation and the hydrology of the earth's surface
"Climate and the ocean circulation : I. The atmospheric circulation and the hydrology of the
earth's surface", by S. Manabe, Monthly Weather Review, vol. 97, no. 11, November 1969, pp.
739-774. ftp://ftp.library.noaa.gov/docs.lib/htdocs/rescue/mwr/097/mwr-097-11-0739.pdf
[84] "Sensitivity of a global climate model to an increase of CO2 concentration in the
atmosphere", by S. Manabe and R.J. Stouffer, Journal of Geophysical Research (JGR), vol. 85,
no. C10, 20 October 1980, pp. 5529-5554. https://doi.org/10.1029/JC085iC10p05529.
https://atmos.washington.edu/~aaron/nobackup/noaa_global/noaa_global/manabe_stouffer_198
Sensitivity of a global climate model to an increase of CO2 concentration in the atmosphere
- S Manabe
- R J Stouffer
"Sensitivity of a global climate model to an increase of CO2 concentration in the
atmosphere", by S. Manabe and R.J. Stouffer, Journal of Geophysical Research (JGR), vol. 85,
no. C10, 20 October 1980, pp. 5529-5554. https://doi.org/10.1029/JC085iC10p05529.
https://atmos.washington.edu/~aaron/nobackup/noaa_global/noaa_global/manabe_stouffer_198
0.pdf
Nuclear winter: science and politics
"Nuclear winter: science and politics", by Brian Martin, Science and Public Policy, vol. 15,
no. 5, October 1988, pp. 321-334. https://www.bmartin.cc/pubs/88spp.pdf
- J B Ackerman
- Carl Pollack
- Sagan
Ackerman, J.B. Pollack, and Carl Sagan, Science, vol. 247, 12 January 1990, pp. 166-176.
https://atmos.washington.edu/~ackerman/Articles/Turco_Nuclear_Winter_90.pdf
Inside Israel's Secret Program to Back Syrian Rebels
"Inside Israel's Secret Program to Back Syrian Rebels", by Elizabeth Tsurkov, Foreign
Policy, 6 September 2018. https://foreignpolicy.com/2018/09/06/in-secret-program-israel-armedand-funded-rebel-groups-in-southern-syria/
These Are the Biggest Oil Producers in the United States: America has become the top oil-producing country in the world, due in part to the production of these giant oil companies
"These Are the Biggest Oil Producers in the United States: America has become the top
oil-producing country in the world, due in part to the production of these giant oil companies." By
Matthew DiLallo, The Motley Fool, 24 November 2018.
Trump is Obama's legacy. Will this break up the Democratic Party?", by Michael Hudson, in the article's section entitled "Identity politics as anti-labor politics
https://www.fool.com/investing/2018/11/24/the-biggest-oil-producers-in-the-united-states.aspx
[117] "Trump is Obama's legacy. Will this break up the Democratic Party?", by Michael Hudson,
in the article's section entitled "Identity politics as anti-labor politics", Real-World Economics
Review, no. 78, 2017, pp. 36-43. http://www.paecon.net/PAEReview/issue78/Hudson78.pdf
[118] "African American Members of the United States Congress: 1870-2018", Reports number
RL30378, Every CRS Report, accessed on 24 February 2019.
https://www.everycrsreport.com/reports/RL30378.html