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Koordination des maritimen Innenausbaus mit einem digitalen Assistenzsystem
Abstract
Weil Reeder und Eigner von Kreuzfahrtschiffen, Luxusyachten und anderen Spezialschiffen immer neue Ausstattungen und Attraktionen wie Aussichtsgondeln oder Achterbahnen nachfragen, ist der Schiffbau in Deutschland heute in weiten Teilen eine Unikatproduktion.
... Disruptions are any kind of unintentional deviation from the normal process (Lehmann 1992). Typical sources of disruptions observed in one-off projects at different branches of industry are problems with (Rost et al. 2019): ...
... Therefore, high demands are placed on the cooperation as well as on collectively managing disruptions to maintain a smooth project and production execution (Rost et al. 2019). If disruptions occur, they require a rapid response and often also a rescheduling of production. ...
... Bigger disruptions (2) require further escalation and involvement of superior roles. Our observations show that usually the following activities are performed after a disruption occurs: Figure 2: Management of disruptions in one-off production, based on (Rost et al. 2019) These activities of dealing with disruptions are typical for a reactive disruption management, because they take place after a disruption has happened and aim at reducing their effect. There are two basic strategies for managing disruptions, namely prevention and reaction strategies (Schwartz 2004), see Figure 3. (Schwartz 2004) Prevention requires assessment of possible disruptions and implementing measures to either eliminate their cause or protect against their occurrence beforehand (Schwartz 2004). ...
Disruptions inevitably occur in complex one-off projects causing effort and costs and delaying the progress. Nevertheless, disruption management is often inadequate in practice. Disruptions are only recorded locally and related information is documented in an unstructured manner. Many disruptions can only be solved by the interaction of several operational roles. However, disruption information is not easily available for all affected roles. By using digital assistance systems, disruptions can already be reduced due to an improved presentation of information. Nevertheless, unavoidable disruptions occur. There is potential for improvement in reducing the effort involved and mitigating the effects by reacting quickly. This paper shows how a generic data model can represent different disruptions and enables structured storage. Based on this, it is shown how access to disruption information can be improved by a digital assistance system. It enhances information quality by locating disruptions in the project's 3D model and general plan. Additional web-based tools present the project's disruption situation transparently and support decision-making and gaining knowledge for future projects.
Building Information Modeling (BIM) refers to the consistent and continuous use of digital information throughout the entire lifecycle of a built facility, including its design, construction and operation. In order to exploit BIM methods to their full potential, a fundamental grasp of their key principles and applications is essential. Accordingly, this book combines discussions of theoretical foundations with reports from the industry on currently applied best practices.
The book’s content is divided into six parts: Part I discusses the technological basics of BIM and addresses computational methods for the geometric and semantic modeling of buildings, as well as methods for process modeling. Next, Part II covers the important aspect of the interoperability of BIM software products and describes in detail the standardized data format Industry Foundation Classes. It presents the different classification systems, discusses the data format CityGML for describing 3D city models and COBie for handing over data to clients, and also provides an overview of BIM programming tools and interfaces. Part III is dedicated to the philosophy, organization and technical implementation of BIM-based collaboration, and discusses the impact on legal issues including construction contracts. In turn, Part IV covers a wide range of BIM use cases in the different lifecycle phases of a built facility, including the use of BIM for design coordination, structural analysis, energy analysis, code compliance checking, quantity take-off, prefabrication, progress monitoring and operation. In Part V, a number of design and construction companies report on the current state of BIM adoption in connection with actual BIM projects, and discuss the approach pursued for the shift toward BIM, including the hurdles taken. Lastly, Part VI summarizes the book’s content and provides an outlook on future developments.
The book was written both for professionals using or programming such tools, and for students in Architecture and Construction Engineering programs.
. Cognitive load theory suggests that many conventional instructional formats are ineffective as they involve extraneous cognitive activities, which interfere with learning. The split-attention effect provides one example of the consequences of inappropriate cognitive activities caused by poor instructional design. Learners are often forced to split their attention between and mentally integrate disparate sources of information (e.g., text and diagrams) before the instructional material can be rendered intelligible. This preliminary process of mental integration, while an essential precursor to learning, is likely to impose a heavy extraneous cognitive load. Physical integration (e.g., combining text and diagrams) may reduce cognitive load and so facilitate learning. This study reports findings from two experiments investigating the split-attention effect. Using an engineering programming language (Numerical Control programming), the first experiment investigated the possible advantage of physically integrating text and diagrams. In a normal training environment, the integrated instructions group outperformed the conventional group. Experiment 2 was designed to see if the split-attention effect would generalise to an area where mutually referring segments of text are conventionally separated, namely, empirical reports in psychology and education. In a laboratory study, Experiment 2 showed that students in an integrated group spent less time processing instructions yet still outperformed students in a conventional group on test questions. The consequences of these results for cognitive load theory and for instruction design are discussed.
This paper surveys the current state-of-the-art in Augmented Reality. It describes work performed at many different sites and explains the issues and problems encountered when building Augmented Reality systems. It summarizes the tradeoffs and approaches taken so far to overcome these problems and speculates on future directions that deserve exploration. This paper does not present new research results. The contribution comes from consolidating existing information from many sources and publishing an extensive bibliography of papers in this field. While several other introductory papers have been written on this subject [Barfield95] [Bowskill95] [Caudell94] [Drascic93b] [Feiner94a] [Feiner94b] [Milgram94b] [Rolland94], this survey is more comprehensive and up-to-date. For anyone interested in starting research in this area, this survey should provide a good starting point. Section 1 describes what Augmented Reality is and the motivations for developing this technology. Four classes of potential applications that have been explored are described in Section 2. Then Section 3 discusses the issues involved in building an Augmented Reality system. Currently, two of the biggest problems are in registration and sensing, so those are the subjects of Sections 4 and 5. Finally, Section 6 describes some areas that require further work and research. 1.2 Definition
Schiffsicherheit und Vermessung 3.0 (SchiV 3.0) im Rahmenprogramm “Maritime Technologien der nächsten Generation”. Teilvorhaben: Erprobung eines internen, globalen Navigationssystems für Sicherheit, Logistik und Vermessung
- Meyer Werft
Augmented-Reality-gestützte Informationsbereitstellung für die Unikatproduktion. Dissertation
- P S Halata
Technical Vision. Zugriff am 23.05
- Buildingsmart
Die Produktivitätswirkung von Augmented Reality in der Unikatfertigung
- A Friedewald
- P S Halata
- N Meluzov
- H Lödding
Ergebnisse der Betriebsrätebefragung im September in Kooperation mit der IG Metall - Bezirk Küste. Schriftenreihe / Institut Arbeit und Wirtschaft
- J Tholen
- T Ludwig
- M Kühn
- K Wolnik
- Beschäftigung
Produktionsfortschrittsorientiertes Referenz-Informationsmodell (PROFI). Abschlussbericht ; Forschungsvorhaben
- C Nedeß
- W Kersten