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The Discovery of Grounded Theory: Strategies for Qualitative Research
... The interviews were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim without identifiers. The transcripts were analyzed using a thorough inductive thematic content analysis method drawing on elements from grounded theory [21][22][23], including the cyclical process of data collection and analysis, using multiple phases of coding, constant comparison, and sampling until saturation [21][22][23][24][25]. ...
... The interviews were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim without identifiers. The transcripts were analyzed using a thorough inductive thematic content analysis method drawing on elements from grounded theory [21][22][23], including the cyclical process of data collection and analysis, using multiple phases of coding, constant comparison, and sampling until saturation [21][22][23][24][25]. ...
... First, by including a purposively selected variable sample of cancer survivors in terms of types of cancer, types of treatments and time since diagnosis, we were able to provide an in-depth understanding of their common and overarching experiences that transcend specific cancer diagnoses in getting back on track after treatment. Moreover, by using a thorough thematic analysis approach drawing on elements from grounded theory [21,23] (i.e. using multiple phases of coding, constant comparison, and sampling until saturation [21][22][23][24][25], the quality and robustness of our results were optimized. Another strength is the combination of face-to-face and online interviews dependent on the preference of the participant. ...
Objective
An increasing number of people resumes life after cancer treatment. Although the (long-term) side-effects of cancer and its treatment can be significant, less is known about the impact on cancer survivors’ participation in daily life. The aim of this study was to explore the common experiences of cancer survivors in resuming life after treatment.
Methods
A semi-structured interview study was conducted among 22 cancer survivors having a favorable prognosis after treatment. Purposive sampling was used to select a variable sample in terms of diagnoses (e.g. breast cancer, colorectal cancer, melanoma), age (18–77 years), and time after diagnosis (0–7 years). Interviews were audio-taped, transcribed verbatim and analyzed in a thorough thematic analysis.
Results
Four main themes were identified. First, cancer survivors reported an emotional fallout episode to often follow treatment, which was characterized by a loss of direction and control due to discontinuation of medical care, decreased support from healthcare professionals and their social network, and an emotional set back. Second, survivors experienced challenges with getting back on track such as the impact of impaired physical and cognitive functions, and challenges and uncertainty related to work and finances. Third, in coping with changes and regaining trust they tried to find a balance between dealing with patient stigma and fear of recurrence on the one hand, and maintaining a positive mindset on the other hand. Fourth, the disease often led to re-evaluating values in life, health and work, which included realizing and accepting change and having a more conscious outlook on life.
Conclusion
In resuming life after treatment, cancer survivors experience several challenges and changes in values in different life domains that extend beyond the specific diagnosis. To improve supportive care, healthcare professionals should focus on the (changed) individual needs and values of survivors in the domains considered relevant to them.
... • Favorite discussion topics • Discussion topics they did not like • What they learned about other cultures • What they shared about Japanese culture • Whether they liked or disliked participating in the IVEProject and why Upon completion of the course and after grades had been assigned, the audio recordings were transcribed using Whisper AI technology, which was doublechecked by the author, and video recordings submitted by participants were transcribed by the author. The participants' transcript comments were coded by the author to find common themes using grounded theory data analysis methods (Glaser & Strauss, 1967) to identify emerging themes in the qualitative response data. The results of the grounded theory analysis are detailed below. ...
... There were four research outcomes identified through the grounded theory coding (Glaser & Strauss, 1967) of the participant response data. These outcomes identify areas where the students stated that they benefited from participating in the IVEProject. ...
... The students were asked to record their answers to questions about their participation and feelings about the project. The audio recording data were analyzed to find common themes using grounded theory data analysis methods (Glaser & Strauss, 1967). ...
English-major students at a Japanese private university participated in the IVEProject online intercultural collaboration project in their third year of study. A total of 28 participants recorded their impressions of the online collaborations after a semester-long project. This paper reports on the qualitative findings of participants’ spoken reflections of the IVEProject. This study analyzed the participants’ responses to identify overall perceptions of the effectiveness of online collaborations as well as how the students shared and learned about cultures. The data showed perceived improvements in participants’ language skills – they learned new slang and other vocabulary – and a greater understanding of cultural similarities and differences among the participants in the IVEProject, specifically in the areas of music genres, holiday practices, and food culture habits. The students’ perspectives
generally demonstrated that online intercultural collaborations such as the
IVEProject provide an excellent opportunity for language learners to expand their cultural horizons without traveling abroad.
... For the latter, we specifically asked if they i) associated colours with emotions, ii) thought that colour had an impact on their or others' mood, and iii) had any preferences for colours. We organised their answers using the thematic analysis (Glaser & Strauss, 1967;Miles & Huberman, 1994) and extracted key themes mentioned by our participants. Furthermore, to understand which aspects of colour cognition necessitated past colour experience, we contrasted responses given by participants with (i.e., congenitally blind, achromatope) and without (i.e., non-congenitally blind) congenital absence of colour vision. ...
... To understand what our participants thought about colour, we applied a coding procedure that was partly based on "open coding" in grounded theory (Glaser & Strauss, 1967) and partly on "clustering" or "theme identification" used by more eclectic approaches (Miles & Huberman, 1994). Similar approaches have been useful in previous qualitative studies, involving colour Jonauskaite, Tremea, et al., 2020;Müller et al., 2022). ...
Colour plays an important role in the sighted world, not only by guiding and warning, but also by helping to make decisions, form opinions, and influence emotional landscape. While not everyone has direct access to this information, even people without colour vision (i.e., blind, achromatope) understand the meanings of colour terms and can assign sensory and affective properties to colours. To learn which aspects of colour are transmitted non-visually, and thus, are pertinent to those without colour vision, we conducted qualitative interviews with 11 participants (2 congenitally blind, 2 early blind, 4 late blind, 2 late blind with synaesthesia, and 1 achromatope). Our thematic analysis revealed that all participants had detailed knowledge of colours and displayed opinions and attitudes. Colour was important to them as it allowed to take part in the sighted world, navigate the surroundings , and communicate with the sighted peers. While participants with non-congenital colour vision absence could remember and even visualise colours, colour was more abstract to participants with congenital colour vision absence. This was possibly a reason why colour was not very important to their personal lives. Nonetheless, all our participants associated colours with diverse objects, concepts, and emotions, and also had colour preferences, indicating that semantic (conceptual, symbolic, affective) meanings of colour can be transmitted without direct visual experience. Future quantitative and qualitative studies are needed for a systematic understanding of such connotations in the visually impaired population, and their implications to those who can and cannot see colour.
... Rather, it is a qualitative research method designed to generate new theories that are rooted in the qualitative data collected during the research process. Grounded theory was initially recognized within the realm of social science as the outcome of meticulous examination and analysis of qualitative data (Glaser & Strauss, 2017). Subsequently, Strauss and Corbin (1990) employed the term to denote a data collection and analysis method which was no longer confined to qualitative data. ...
... Theoretical sensitivity pertains to the researcher's knowledge, expertise, selfawareness, and openness of mind. In grounded theory, this is essential to creating categories and properties, to build connections between them and to form hypotheses on the emergent theoretical codes (Glaser & Strauss, 2017). In other words, theoretical sensitivity can be defined as the ability to abstract concepts from the data and report them according to the researcher's personal experience. ...
Explainable AI (XAI) provides methods to understand non-interpretable machine learning models. However, we have little knowledge about what legal experts expect from these explanations, including their legal compliance with, and value against European Union legislation. To close this gap, we present the Explanation Dialogues, an expert focus study to uncover the expectations, reasoning, and understanding of legal experts and practitioners towards XAI, with a specific focus on the European General Data Protection Regulation. The study consists of an online questionnaire and follow-up interviews, and is centered around a use-case in the credit domain. We extract both a set of hierarchical and interconnected codes using grounded theory, and present the standpoints of the participating experts towards XAI. We find that the presented explanations are hard to understand and lack information, and discuss issues that can arise from the different interests of the data controller and subject. Finally, we present a set of recommendations for developers of XAI methods, and indications of legal areas of discussion. Among others, recommendations address the presentation, choice, and content of an explanation, technical risks as well as the end-user, while we provide legal pointers to the contestability of explanations, transparency thresholds, intellectual property rights as well as the relationship between involved parties.
... Informed by the survey findings, we conducted an inductive analysis of the interview data prescribed by Glaser (1992), striving to identify theoretical constructs and conceptual categories intrinsic to mutual aid organizing. This analytical process involved open coding and axial coding, undertaken by three coders utilizing Dedoose as the analysis tool (Glaser and Strauss 2017). Following the creation of open codes based on the first two interview transcripts, researchers compared and consolidated these codes into a preliminary codebook, while incorporating emerging codes as necessary for subsequent transcript coding. ...
... Then, we established connections between primary and secondary codes through axial coding, resulting in a comprehensive codebook comprising eight overarching thematic categories and 20 sub-themes. After coding all the transcripts, we reviewed the results to ensure reliability and consistency across the coders (Glaser and Strauss 2017). Any discrepancies in coding were resolved through discussions until a consensus was reached. ...
Mutual aid groups surfaced globally to serve marginalized communities, offering a crucial community‐led crisis response at the onset of the COVID‐19 pandemic. Despite playing a critical role in community‐led crisis responses, the existing literature offers limited insight into why and how they emerged to address the immediate needs of these communities. This study addresses this gap by investigating mutual aid organizing during the pandemic. Employing a sequential mixed methods approach, we utilize survey and interview data to examine how mutual aid groups in the United States rapidly responded to community needs, establishing legitimacy and gaining support from stakeholders. While these groups faced unique management challenges, they offer valuable lessons for the public and nonprofit sectors serving marginalized communities. These lessons include cultivating inclusive and egalitarian relationships, facilitating reciprocity and communal sharing, and catalyzing community‐led responses. Such community‐rooted responses offer crucial insights for enhancing community resilience during and after the pandemic.
... However, one does not need to be a genius to generate a theory, nor does it need to be in a complete form (Charmaz, 2014;Glaser & Strauss, 1967). It is uncommon for anyone to develop a comprehensive theory from the beginning (Weick, 1995). ...
... In particular, the grounded theory approach stands out for developing theories for phenomena that existing theories cannot provide a suitable explanation. Sociologists Glaser & Strauss (1967), unable to find an existing theory to explain how terminally ill patients come to accept their death, developed grounded theory as a methodology to theorize such novel phenomena. ...
This essay delves into the essential knowledge required for the development and contribution of theory, focusing on its definition, components, and the different methods for making theoretical contributions. I view theory not as a monumental intellectual achievement, but as a product of the theorizing process, moving away from the idea of a fully developed theory. I highlight four main outcomes of theorizing: concepts, principles, models, and theories, which exist along a continuum. Theoretical contributions involve introducing, refining, expanding, and replacing these outcomes. I also present three approaches-Theory-driven, Phenomena-driven, and Review-driven-as pathways for researchers to make theoretical contributions. The goal of this essay is to make the theorizing process more accessible and manageable for early-career researchers and doctoral students in HRD, offering guidance and support in their theory-building endeavors. Keyword Theorizing, theory building, theory development, theoretical contributions Every semester, I always challenge my PhD students by asking "Why do you pursue a doctoral degree?" And most of the time, the responses are quite similar. The following is a reconstruction of a typical dialogue between me and my students on a first day of class.
... Most participants were female, highly educated, and either married or living with a partner. where comparable processes may occur (Glaser & Strauss, 1967). Thus, this approach emphasizes the transferability of insights, rather than their universality. ...
... The qualitative method may have led participants to provide responses influenced by social desirability or the expectation of aligning with societal norms(White & Cooper, 2022), particularly on topics like resilience and relationships, which are culturally valued.This may have impacted on the accuracy of the responses. Furthermore, grounded theory focuses on generating theories that are deeply rooted in the specific contexts and experiences of participants, rather than aiming broad statistical generalization(Glaser & Strauss, 1967). It Butėnaitė-Switkiewicz & Žemaitaitytė 26 seeks theoretical generalization, extending the developed theory to similar contexts or groups ...
Background: Older people represent one of the most at-risk demographics in society and face significant
challenges related to mental health, including depression, anxiety, loneliness, and the risk of suicide.
This highlights the importance of addressing obstacles associated with aging that impact overall wellbeing. Despite the significant role of family relationships and support in shaping psychological
resilience, there is limited understanding of how family dynamics contribute to resilience in older
adults. The purpose of this study is to explore the role of the family in promoting the psychological
resilience of older people from their perspectives.
Methods: Using a classic grounded theory approach, we conducted 16 semi-structured interviews with
psychologically resilient individuals aged 63 and older, living in Lithuania, who reported satisfaction
with their personal relationships. The interviews were transcribed, and data analysis involved coding,
constant comparative method, memo writing, theoretical sampling, and saturation to identify main
patterns and relationships.
Results: The analysis identified four primary ways in which family relationships foster psychological
resilience in older adults: (1) finding meaning through family roles and relationships; (2) sustaining
social engagement, trust, emotional expression, and dialogue; (3) providing mutual emotional and
practical support within immediate and extended family networks; and (4) fostering resilience through
family history, traditions, and intergenerational connections.
Conclusion: This study provides novel insights into the role of family dynamics in strengthening
psychological resilience among older adults. The findings suggest the importance of developing
psychosocial interventions and family-focused programs that emphasize self-meaning within family
contexts, enhance familial bonds, and encourage the intergenerational transmission of resilience
... Grounded theory, developed by Glaser and Strauss (1967), is a qualitative research method that constructs theories from empirical data by systematically collecting, analysing and comparing data to identify core concepts (Strauss and Corbin 1990). This approach enables an in-depth understanding of complex phenomena that quantitative methods may miss, making it ideal for exploring new or under-researched topics like learners' adoption of AIGC technology in education. ...
Background
ChatGPT, as a cutting‐edge technology in education, is set to significantly transform the educational landscape, raising concerns about technological ethics and educational equity. Existing studies have not fully explored learners' intentions to adopt artificial intelligence generated content (AIGC) technology, highlighting the need for deeper insights into the factors influencing adoption.
Objectives
This study aims to investigate higher education learners' adoption intentions towards AIGC technology, with a focus on understanding the underlying reasons and future prospects for its application in education.
Methods
The research is divided into two phases. First, an exploratory analysis involving practical activities and interviews develops an action decision framework for AIGC adoption. Second, a confirmatory analysis using fuzzy‐set qualitative comparative analysis on 233 valid questionnaires identifies six configurations associated with high adoption intentions, emphasising the roles of AI literacy and perceived behavioural control.
Results and Conclusions
The study reveals key factors influencing AIGC adoption, including the importance of AI literacy and perceived behavioural control. It provides actionable insights for educators and learners to prepare for and effectively integrate AIGC technology, ensuring equitable and adaptive educational practices.
... The frequency and relevance of concepts reported during the interviews was evaluated. Following established methods [24], and based on previously published data [14,22], two codebooks were developed for analyzing the interview transcripts: one for individuals with SCA and one for HCPs. Transcripts were reviewed by multiple coders to minimize bias. ...
The Friedreich Ataxia Rating Scale–Activities of Daily Living (FARS-ADL) is a validated and highly utilized measure for evaluating patients with Friedreich Ataxia. While construct validity of FARS-ADL has been shown for spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA), content validity has not been established.
Individuals with SCA1 or SCA3 (n = 7) and healthcare professionals (HCPs) with SCA expertise (n = 8) participated in qualitative interviews evaluating the relevance, clarity, and clinical meaningfulness of FARS-ADL for assessment of individuals with SCA. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, coded, and analyzed by ATLAS.Ti v22 software.
FARS-ADL concepts most frequently reported by individuals with SCA were difficulty walking (n = 7/7), falls (n = 6/7), speech difficulties (n = 4/7), and swallowing (n = 3/7). Individuals with SCA reported that all FARS-ADL items were relevant; Gait and Walking (n = 7/7), Bladder Function (n = 6/7), and Falling (n = 6/7) were considered extremely relevant. All HCPs (n = 8/8) reported that most FARS-ADL items were relevant to individuals with SCA; Quality of Sitting Position was considered least relevant. HCPs reported meaningful change as 1–2 point score change in individual FARS-ADL items (n = 7/7), 1–3 point change in total score (n = 6/6), and stability on any item and/or total score over ≥ 1 year, depending on SCA subtype (n = 5/8). Cognitive debriefing supported clarity and comprehension of FARS-ADL. Suggested improvements included refining response options for Dressing, Falling, Walking, and Bladder Function items.
The findings confirm the content validity of most FARS-ADL items for use in individuals with mild-to-moderate SCA1 and SCA3, and offer suggested improvements for response options.
... A prominent theory of how knowledge is gained from such methods has been termed "grounded theory," (Glaser and Strauss, 1967). This approach uses the qualitative data collected to develop new theories or elaborations of theories, rather than testing established theories. ...
Background: Bioeconomics combines methods from the biological study of living resources, particularly population dynamics, with methods of economic analysis. Most applications have been in program design for resource management. Although formative evaluations often deal with potential improvements to design based on examination of the program at some point in the early or middle period of its life, there has been little interplay between bioeconomic modelling and evaluation of programs in the context of fisheries management programs. Purpose: This paper describes the potential synergy between the analytic modelling techniques from bioeconomics and the formative evaluation of programs that support sustainable fisheries. Setting: NA Intervention: We focus on how feedback from qualitative formative evaluation methods could be used to improve the development and use of realistic bioeconomic models to inform program design, which would in turn improve formative evaluation. Research Design: NA Data Collection and Analysis: NA Findings: NA
... At that point, the remaining posts and comments were divided up between the two researchers. Data were analyzed with constant comparison (Glaser & Strauss, 1967), and the researchers met regularly to discuss any issues or questions that arose. Results were then compared to data from a previous study (Jablon-Roberts & McCracken, 2023) that investigated the last active year of the Zappos Adaptive Facebook page. ...
... According to Glaser and Strauss (1967), qualitative studies are concerned with reaching saturation and are not numbers to generalize. creswell (1998, p.64) suggested five to 25 participants, whereas Morse (1994, p.225) suggested at least six participants. ...
There is a widespread belief that disability is a taboo for leadership culturally in Ghana. However, there is little empirical evidence to support this belief. The present study, therefore, explored the disability and leadership construction of Ghana, particularly in Asante and Gonja cultures. This study evokes life course and social constructionist theories. Adopting a qualitative research approach, critical ethnography and narratives were used to conduct the study. Six participants were included in this study. In-depth interviews and interview guides were used as data collection methods and instruments. Critical discourse analysis and life reviews were used to analyze the data. Among the findings were that there are varied cultural constructions of disability and leadership, typically that disability is not a taboo but a competitive disadvantage to leadership, contrary to widely held views. This study contributes critical ethnography and narrative as qualitative research designs to the discourse on disability and development in sync with all the seventeen (17) Sustainable Development Goals of inclusion emphasizing on the inclusion of all persons.
... The initial analysis relied on grounded empirical research (Glaser & Strauss, 1967;Charmaz, 1990;Bryant & Charmaz, 2010). In the first phase of research we employed two main 'sensitising concepts' -'habitus' and 'transitional space'. ...
Fleming, T. & Finnegan, F. (2011). Non-traditional students in Irish higher education.
URL https://www.tedfleming.net/doc/Final_Copy_July_20_2011.pdf
... These codes were subsequently grouped into conceptually similar categories through axial coding [48]. The categorisation process was guided by the constant comparative method [49], allowing for the identification of overarching themes and sub-themes. To enhance analytical depth, we employed a multi-level framework, categorising factors across macro (industry/national), meso (organisational), and micro (individual) levels [50,51]. ...
This study examines the renewed interest in Industrialised Building (IB) adoption in Australia amid the housing crisis, addressing the gap between potential and implementation. Drawing on a systematic review of 171 peer-reviewed articles (1998–2024), we examine how the interplay between micro-level decision-making, meso-level organisational routines, and macro-level institutional arrangements shapes global IB adoption patterns, with implications for the Australian context where limited research exists. Our analysis highlights that successful IB adoption depends on coordinated alignment across systemic levels, with government policies and sustainability initiatives emerging as key global drivers. However, adoption barriers differ by market maturity; Australia faces unique challenges, such as economic constraints, limited stakeholder collaboration, and misaligned institutional frameworks, despite advancements in technology and innovation. The findings advance construction innovation literature by presenting a theoretically grounded framework to address IB adoption barriers and enablers. In the Australian context, realising IB’s potential requires co-evolution across micro, meso, and macro levels, driven by workforce upskilling, stakeholder collaboration, and adaptive regulations to transform construction practices.
... Conceptual abstraction of peoples' attitudes, in transposition, required me to avail the Grounded Theory (Glaser and Strauss, 1967) as analytical framework. The method could be seen as an inductive method of theorizing human behavior from qualitative data, through summarizing the field data into the first level of conceptual categories, reexamining them in the research setting, and gradually refining and linking them to broader conceptual categories in the upper level of abstraction (Glaser and Strauss, 1967:1;Birks and Mills, 2011: 11;Schutt, 2011: 341). ...
This paper describes a grounded theory-based research with a view to theorizing local community people’s attitudes towards renewable energy generation projects. The study is conducted in the context of southern rural areas of Chile that has been receiving number of hydroelectricity-based renewable energy generation projects in recent years. Under the broad framework of grounded theory, the study is designed with an actor-oriented approach availing local knowledge as the research vehicle with a view to exploring local realities. The thematic abstraction, in inference, reveals three sets of drivers that affect local community people’s attitude and action-building towards such projects. The paper avails a story-telling manner to explain the step by step process of abstracting those drivers from qualitative data. JBIP, Vol. 12, 2019 (Printed in June 2020), pp. 21-32
... To address the research gap on how supervisory styles impact PhD students' mental health in the Indian context, this study adopts a grounded theory methodology (Charmaz, 2006;Glaser & Strauss, 1967). Grounded theory is particularly suited for exploring complex interpersonal dynamics, as it allows the theory to emerge inductively from the data rather than being guided by preconceived hypotheses. ...
The article explores the mental health and research engagement of PhD students in Indian higher education. It focuses on the impact of supervisory styles, social support, and institutional factors. Using qualitative interviews with 40 doctoral students, it identifies nine key stressors, including inadequate mentorship, financial instability, and unprofessional supervisor behavior. It highlights the importance of supportive supervision, peer collaboration, and institutional reforms to enhance doctoral students’ well-being and productivity. The findings offer practical recommendations for fostering a positive and inclusive academic environment.
... Methodologically, our research is situated within the reconstructive paradigm (Bohnsack, 2014;Przyborski & Wohlrab-Sahr, 2014), combining Grounded Theory Methodology (Glaser & Strauss, 1967) with Hermeneutical Sequential Analysis (Erhard & Sammet, 2018). Data collection and analyses are intertwined and aim to unravel the tacit knowledge (Collins, 2000), implicit orientational patterns, and indexical rules (Garfinkel, 1967) that guide social behavior. ...
This article focuses on understanding social innovations in Lusatia from a life-world perspective. Ethnographic case studies in two small towns explore people’s perspectives on transformation, particularly its impact. The analysis critically assesses the concept of social innovation, revealing implicit, often unreflected assumptions. Drawing on sociological perspectives, the article challenges notions of intentional change management and normative progress, instead emphasizing the complexity of social practices. It suggests that promoting social innovations requires nuanced understanding and context sensitivity for local communities, acknowledging diverse experiences shaping responses to change.
... Al finalizar el programa de Educación Emocional se recogieron las percepciones de los estudiantes, registradas en sus bitácoras, en las que compartieron los logros y dificultades durante el desarrollo de las actividades. Para el proceso de análisis cualitativo, se siguió la metodología de la inducción analítica bajo el enfoque de la Teoría Fundamentada, partiendo de una codificación abierta para dar origen a un sistema de categorías emergentes (Glasser y Strauss, 1967;Strauss y Corbín 2002). ...
Este trabajo tiene como objetivo elaborar, implementar y evaluar una propuesta de incorporación de competencias emocionales en el currículum de las carreras de Pedagogía. Con un enfoque mixto, mediante un diseño cuasi-experimental con medidas pre-test/post-test, se evalúa la aplicación del programa, que contempla una evaluación inicial, una final y una deproceso.Los resultados aportan evidencias empíricas de la educabilidad de las competencias emocionales en los estudiantes, que demuestran avances significativos en las dimensiones y habilidades trabajadas como parte de su formación pedagógica. Desde una perspectiva cualitativa, se destacan aspectos positivos en cuanto a los aprendizajes, los logros y la importanciapara su formación, y reconocen tanto los aportes, como los aspectos a trabajar.
... This study employs conventional qualitative content analysis of the observational and descriptive data collected from site visits, field notes, and world listings, using theory, concepts, and themes from the research literature to interpret findings in later discussion rather than guide data collection and analysis (Hsieh & Oh, 2005). Emergent themes and coding categories were identified and consolidated during qualitative content analysis via open coding, axial coding, and selective coding processes as commonly used in qualitative content analysis and grounded theory work (Corbin & Strauss, 1990;Glaser & Strauss, 1967;Charmaz, 2006). However, the goals of this study are to identify themes and descriptive categories as guided by the research questions and not to generate a contextualized theory, aligning it with qualitative content analysis rather than grounded theory (Cho & Lee, 2014). ...
To explore the presence and status of libraries in the metaverse, focusing on the social virtual reality (VR) platform Meta Horizon Worlds. This study employs unobtrusive observation by collecting data within public VR library worlds and from their listings on the platform. Data was interpreted using qualitative data analysis and open coding. Forty-four virtual libraries were identified in Meta Horizon Worlds, serving as art and asset libraries, community libraries, personal libraries, or other library-themed spaces for games and socialization. Few virtual libraries seem to be associated with "real-world" libraries, suggesting that there may be opportunities for growth if Meta Horizon Worlds remains a stable part of the metaverse. This study appears to be among the first to explore virtual libraries in Meta Horizon Worlds in situ via VR-based data collection.
... According to previous research regarding sample size in qualitative studies, the concept of data saturation is frequently discussed by researchers (Guest et al., 2013). According to Glaser and Strauss, data saturation occurs when no new relevant information emerges during subsequent interviews (Glaser and Strauss, 2017;Francis et al., 2010). Sample size guidance suggested that a sample size of 20-30 interviews is generally sufficient to achieve saturation in qualitative research (Crouch and McKenzie, 2006;Mason, 2010;Hennink and Kaiser, 2022), ensuring comprehensive insights without unnecessary redundancy. ...
Cities are recognized as significant contributors to carbon emissions due to their numerous productive enterprises and dense populations. Tackling climate change and achieving the transformation to low-carbon cities requires public participation. News media serve as the primary channel for the public to gain relevant information, and journalists' attitudes significantly influence the content of related news reports. This study focuses on the attitudes of Chinese journalists towards the transition to low-carbon cities, using semi-structured interviews in qualitative research to conduct 31 interviews with participants from Chinese mainstream medias. This research discussed the journalists' attitudes towards the low-carbon city transition, based on our samples studies, we find that (1) low-carbon city development brings some new opportunities for economic development and improving the overall urban living environment, despite challenges like lack of professional knowledge and information gaps. (2) Newsworthiness, audience preferences, journalists' climate scientific knowledge, and management mechanisms, are key factors influencing journalists' choice to cover low-carbon topics. Despite an increase in related reports, many media do not prioritize climate change or low-carbon transitions as core topics, and environmental news have a life cycle. (3) We suggests that media enhance collaboration with stakeholders, increase audience interaction to learn diverse voices, using storytelling and integrating technological innovations to improve low-carbon communication. This study highlights the complex interactions between media, public participation, and environmental policies, offering a holistic view of the challenges and opportunities in promoting more inclusive and equitable low-carbon city transition.
... G7 organizations are targeted as these organizations have the capability to undertake construction projects without value restrictions, unlike lower CIDB license levels which are restricted to projects up to MYR 10 million (approximately USD 2.5 million). Sixteen experts were interviewed, a number deemed sufficient as data saturation is achieved, indicating no new insights are emerging from further interviews (Glaser and Strauss, 2017). This sample size is consistent with similar works involving five to twelve experts (Aziz and Zainon, 2022;Pidgeon and Dawood, 2021). ...
The rapid development and integration of emerging technologies in construction (ETC) have revolutionized traditional processes, workflows, and management systems. Despite these advancements, the adoption of these technologies varies widely across organizations and projects, posing challenges to the industry. This study aims to identify the key factors influencing ETC adoption and develop a structural equation model to analyze their relationships, using Malaysia as a case study. Through a systematic literature review, relevant factors were identified, followed by a survey with 147 industry professionals to evaluate the importance of the factors. Data were analyzed using agreement analysis, mean score ranking, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The analyses identified 14 key factors, which can be further classified into three underlying constructs: organizational resources, organizational goals, and organizational strategy. Notably, the findings suggest that only organizational strategy plays a significant role in ETC adoption decisions. Consequently, strategic alignment should be a primary consideration for organizations planning to adopt ETC. This study contributes to the literature by providing a comprehensive analysis of the factors influencing ETC adoption. Researchers and industry professionals can leverage these insights to develop effective strategies that enhance ETC adoption rates, driving innovation and efficiency in the construction industry.
... The process is a spiral one, in which nuclear elements identified at the beginning of the study become increasingly condensed into a complex and colorful picture as the study progresses. The picture reflects the phenomenon of self-renewal of mid-career kindergarten managers, relying on theoretical anchors to explain it (Glaser & Strauss, 2012). ...
The study examined the phenomenon of self-renewal and conceptual change of kindergarten managers in the process of implementing the transition to a forest kindergarten model from a professional career perspective. The educator's career takes place in four consecutive stages: the stage of entry into the career, the building stage, the mid-career stage, and finally, the late-career stage. In education, the phenomenon of self-renewal is characteristic of professionals in the mid-career stage, and this phenomenon has hardly been studied, especially in the case of early childhood educators. The article presents the phenomenon of self-renewal based on the interpretive approach applied to interviews with 19 kindergarten managers in Israel who responded to an institutional initiative to create forest kindergartens. The results of the study show three ways mid-career kindergarten teachers used to engage in the processes of updating their pedagogical knowledge and reframing their educational perceptions. Self-renewal reflects the professional kindergarten teachers' background based on their past experiences and aspects of entrepreneurial behavior. The article may assist policymakers in improving early childhood education and launching new enterprises .
... Throughout the entire research process, data analysis followed the grounded theory procedure (Glaser & Strauss, 1967;Cresswell, 1998), and Nvivo 11 (QSR International©), which provides tools that allow the classification, selection, and codification of textual references, hierarchizing them, identifying and linking different local categories of analysis, and inductively elaborating hypotheses based on the links between categories. ...
This article aims to illustrate the pivotal role that the environment plays in early child development (ECD), drawing upon data derived from the ethnographic research on children’s daily routines. Participant observation and in-depth interviews were conducted over the course of several fieldwork periods (2013–2018). The concept of “mutual raising” is employed to examine the daily interactions between middle-aged children and their domestic animals. To gain an insight into how children develop sophisticated and ecologically relevant skills to become autonomous and responsible for the care of others within the context of environmental interdependence, we present and analyze a cultural practice that is salient to the identity and way of life in rural communities of the Andean region in South America: becoming a shepherd. Considering the aforementioned findings, it can be posited that being able to care for others represents a significant developmental milestone. This discussion highlights the limitations of the dominant theoretical and disciplinary lens through which ECD is currently studied, those so-called W.E.I.R.D societies. Consequently, it is imperative to advocate for an integrative and transdisciplinary framework for ECD studies that incorporates anthropological evidence and the cultural experiences of children and families who have been historically marginalized by dominant ECD models.
... Finally, to ensure consistency in data analysis, the codes, categories, and themes were revised, expanded, or reduced until both authors completely agreed that no new themes emerged, and all discrepancies were resolved. 50,51 The 2 authors who completed the analysis cycles in the research presented the analysis set to the other authors in a meeting. Other authors' opinions were received about the codes, categories, and naming of these codes/categories. ...
Background : This study aims to investigate salient beliefs toward physical activity by gathering qualitative data through open-ended questions among high school-aged female adolescents in Turkey. Methods : A sample of 259 Turkish high school students, aged between 14 and 17, were randomly selected to participate in this study. Open-ended questions address 3 main components of the Theory of Planned Behavior, attitudes, perceived control, and social norms. Content analysis is employed to categorize the data according to themes, during the elicitation process. Results : The results were categorized as variables of the Theory of Planned Behavior. Positive attitude contributors included health expectations, emotions, fitness expectations, learning, and socialization, while negative attitude contributors encompassed adverse health outcomes and emotions. Second, perceived competence and efficacy emerged as positive contributors to perceived behavior control, whereas factors, such as time constraints, health-related barriers, fitness barriers, environmental and economic barriers, and perceived negative competence and efficacy were identified as negative influencers of perceived behavior control. Last, it was found that families, friends, and teachers played significant roles in shaping social norms. Conclusions : Offering attractive choices for physical activities while explaining the positive impact on both physical, and mental health, as well as physical fitness is important for positive attitudes. Providing positive experiences and emphasizing the aspects of physical activity that support academic productivity are important factors in supporting perceived behavioral control. Finally, advocating for environments that promote physical activity behaviors among peers and ensure comprehensive support from families and educators is valuable in terms of subjective norms to increase physical activity intentions.
... Three authors (PS, RD, JS) were assigned to independently review the narrative content within each specific thematic category, summarize findings, and identify illustrative quotes. Each pair reviewed any inconsistencies, and discrepancies were resolved through iterative consensus with the larger research team, who reviewed summaries of all thematic categories to determine key overarching themes [35]. Next, three team members (PS, JS, RD) independently reviewed content within each thematic category, summarized content, and identified notable quotes. ...
Purpose
Increasing physical activity (PA) is safe and associated with improved health outcomes in patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC). Mobile health (mHealth) PA interventions that allow for remote monitoring and tailoring to abilities may be particularly useful for MBC patients. However, limited data exist on the acceptability of these interventions for MBC patients. This study examined the acceptability of Fit2ThriveMB, a highly tailored mHealth intervention targeting increased daily steps in MBC patients.
Methods
Insufficiently active women with MBC ((N = 25) Mage = 57.2, SD = 11.9) received the Fit2ThriveMB intervention (Fit2ThrviveMB app, Fitbit, weekly coaching calls) for 12 weeks. Participants completed an online questionnaire (n = 22) and semi-structured interview (n = 23) at 12 weeks to assess intervention acceptability. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Interviews were analyzed and coded using thematic content analysis and consensus review.
Results
All (n = 23) participants indicated they were satisfied with the intervention, Fit2ThriveMB app design, and Fitbit usability via questionnaire. Four themes emerged from qualitative interview data: (1) Overall satisfaction with implementation, (2) Social interaction is important, but within-app social features need improvement, (3) Fit2ThriveMB was encouraging and enhanced accountability, (4) Fit2ThriveMB helped form sustainable habits. Participants were generally satisfied with the intervention. However, areas for improvement were identified for some study features.
Conclusions
Findings indicate Fit2ThriveMB was acceptable among people with MBC. Further refinement of Fit2ThriveMB social feed features and step count goals is warranted for future testing in fully powered trials with a larger sample size.
... consistency of themes and codes (Glaser & Strauss, 2000). In the final stage, the emerging themes and subthemes were evaluated and organized by two different researchers. ...
In order to understand how important the nutrition of military personnel was in the Roman Period, it is necessary to examine the military power of the Roman army and the nutritional culture that maintained this power. When soldiers do not have access to adequate and balanced nutrition during campaigns and wars, their combat abilities, strength and influence can be seriously affected. For this reason, it is very important for military managers to take into account the nutritional needs of soldiers when making strategic planning, to choose products with high nutritional value, and to provide adequate supply and logistics support. The aim of this study is to determine the main food sources consumed by the army in the Roman Period and to examine their nutritional values. In order to be suitable for the purpose of the thematic topic, systematic literature review and content analysis methods were adopted in order to obtain a wide data set on the basic food sources consumed by the army and to examine these data within a certain framework. It was determined that he consumed products such as cheese) and olive oil, wine, beer, honey, fish sauce and salt. According to these findings, a Roman soldier consuming approximately 830 grams of wheat daily provides approximately 1675 calories of energy. This provides 57.26% of a soldier's total daily calorie needs. A soldier's daily consumption of smoked meats, cheeses, boiled or fried pork, beans and lentils is estimated to be approximately 212.2 grams of protein. This is proof that the diet of Roman soldiers was very rich in protein and met their daily needs. Öz Roma Dönemi'nde askeri personelin beslenmesinin ne kadar önemli olduğunu anlayabilmek için Roma ordusunun askeri gücünü ve bu gücü koruyan beslenme kültürünü incelemek gerekir. Sefer ve savaşlarda askerlerin yeterli ve dengeli beslenmeye erişimi ol-madığında, savaş yetenekleri, gücü ve nüfuzu ciddi bir şekilde etkilenebilmektedir. Bu sebeple askeri yöneticilerin stratejik planlama yaparken askerlerin beslenme ihtiyaçlarını dikkate almaları, besin değeri yüksek ürünleri seçmeleri, yeterli ikmal ve lojistik desteği sağlamaları oldukça önemlidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı Roma Dönemi'nde ordunun tükettiği başlıca besin kaynaklarını belirlemek ve besin değerlerini incelemektir. Tematik konunun amacına uygun olması açısından, ordunun tükettiği temel besin kaynaklarına ilişkin geniş bir veri seti elde etmek ve bu verileri belirli bir çerçevede incelemek amacıyla sistematik literatür taraması ve içerik analizi yöntemleri benimsenmiştir. Buna göre ordunun tahıl (buğday, arpa, sosu ve tuz gibi ürünleri tükettiği belirlenmiştir. Bu bulgulara göre günlük yaklaşık 830 gram buğday erzak tüketen Romalı bir asker yaklaşık 1675 kalori enerji sağlamaktadır. Bu bir askerin toplam günlük kalori ihtiyacının %57.26'sını karşılamaktadır. Bir askerin günlük olarak tütsülenmiş et, peynir, haşlanmış ya da kızarmış domuz eti, fasulye ve mercimek tüketmesi ise yaklaşık 212.2 gram protein olarak hesaplanmıştır. Bu, Romalı askerlerin beslenmelerinin protein açısından çok zengin olduğunun ve günlük ihtiyaçlarını karşıladığının kanıtıdır. Anahtar Kelimeler: Arkeogastromik, besin değerleri, beslenme kültürü, Roma ordusu. JEL CODE: N90, S10
... Study 1 qualitatively explored B2B managers' reasons (for and against) GenAI adoption, in turn impacting their GenAI adoption intention. To attain the required insight, we conducted a series of semi-structured interviews that lasted 30-40 minutes each during September-October 2023, which were continued until theoretical saturation was reached (Glaser & Strauss, 1967). ...
This study examines key reasons (for and against) that influence B2B managers' intention to adopt Generative AI (GenAI). We also investigate how GenAI adoption intention influences firm performance, along with the moderating effect of ethical leadership. Study 1 undertakes a series of in-depth interviews, yielding a set of hypotheses that are tested in study 2. A total of 277 responses was collected from respondents in the USA, UK, Canada, India, Australia, Malaysia, and Japan to test the proposed model using structural equation modeling. The findings highlight that need for uniqueness, information completeness, convenience, and deceptiveness significantly impact GenAI adoption intention. The results also highlight that GenAI adoption intention boosts firm performance. Finally, ethical leadership was found to moderate the effect of GenAI adoption intention on firm performance. This study enriches the GenAI, technology adoption, and behavioral reasoning theory literatures, while also providing pertinent insight for firms intending to adopt GenAI.
... Each pertinent data element needs to be evaluated for every related data item, as Morse and Field (1998) stated. In this study, the term "constant comparative" corresponds to an inductive coded data process utilised to help interpret by classifying and comparing qualitative data (Glaser & Strauss, 1967). The researcher grouped the data according to both their commonalities and differences. ...
This study aims to analyse the aspects of employee engagement in employee innovation in the public sector. Standardised face-to-face open-ended interviews were used in this study. To meet the goals of this study, six open-ended questions and one topic comprise the research measuring tool. Content analysis was used in tandem with the continuous comparative data analysis technique. The researcher grouped the data according to both their commonalities and differences. The absence of innovative ideas and employee engagement in the public sector makes innovation challenging to achieve. Employee engagement encourages employees to develop innovative concepts since they are confident, they will make sense. No study has ever been carried out focusing on employee engagement and innovation in the public sector. Thus, more research is needed on the effects of employee engagement on employee innovation within public sector organisations. The value of this study lies in filling this gap. Public sector organisations, specifically local government, will continue to provide poor service to their communities due to disengaged employees and their respective municipalities not promoting a conducive work environment and a culture of innovation among employees.
... In NVivo, the data were categorized into cases and systematically coded into hierarchical nodes, including parent nodes, sub-parent nodes, and child nodes, reflecting themes derived from the research questions (Saldaña, 2013). Themes were refined through constant comparison, ensuring clarity and minimizing overlap (Glaser and Strauss, 1967). Quantitative responses, including Likert-scale and categorical questions, were analyzed descriptively using Excel and NVivo. ...
This study explores the critical need for pre-service teacher training in the primary education sector of Bangladesh, emphasizing its significance, challenges, and potential implementation strategies. While notable progress has been made in enhancing educational access in Bangladesh, the absence of structured pre-service training undermines teacher preparedness and overall educational quality. Through a mixed-methods exploratory design, this research integrates qualitative and quantitative data from teachers and teacher educators to evaluate awareness levels, perceived benefits, and existing barriers to pre-service training. The qualitative component provides in-depth perspectives from teachers and teacher educators, while the quantitative data offers measurable patterns and trends. Findings reveal significant shortcomings in the current in-service training framework, including inadequate integration of ICT, insufficient training for addressing the special need students, and deficits in fostering essential professional knowledge and skills. These gaps underscore the pressing need for comprehensive pre-service training programs to better equip teachers to manage diverse classrooms, implement modern teaching methodologies, and meet the growing demands of primary education in Bangladesh. The study also emphasizes incorporating motivational training to foster teacher resilience and commitment, along with child psychology modules to enhance teachers' understanding of student needs. Identified strategies include mandatory pre-service training to overcome these challenges, optimizing resources, ensuring policy alignment, and fostering stakeholder collaboration. These measures aim to enhance teacher readiness, improve educational outcomes, and contribute to the sustainable development of Bangladesh's education system. By advocating for a comprehensive and systematic approach to pre-service training, this study aspires to elevate primary education standards and ensure long-term educational advancement for future generations in Bangladesh.
... repeatedly reading a subset of transcripts), cluster similar ideas to inform preliminary categories, review and revise coding schemes, apply the coding scheme to a second subset of transcripts (phase 2), revise themes, and repeat this process until reaching saturation and consensus. [26][27][28] Member checking will be completed with a subsample to obtain family input on thematic codes as a final validity check, and frequency counts of final themes will be obtained using NVivo. Transcripts will be identified with ID numbers and stored electronically on a secure server. ...
Objective
Hematopoietic stem cell transplant is a life-saving procedure that treats patients with various conditions by transplanting hematopoietic stem cells from bone marrow. Mobile health apps could be useful in closing the digital divide and improving health equity among Spanish-speaking caregivers of children who undergo pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplant. This study aims to transcreate the BMT4me adherence app originally designed for English-speaking caregivers for Spanish-speaking caregivers and evaluate the feasibility and usability.
Methods
This study consists of two phases. Phase 1 transcreates the existing BMT4me app for Spanish-speaking populations. App feedback is collected from three community advisory board focus groups (n = 10; each meeting will include the same 10 community advisory board members). Groups consist of members connected to the local Spanish-speaking population and participating in the Community Engagement Program at The Ohio State University Center for Clinical and Translation Science. Phase 2 tests the feasibility and usability of the Spanish BMT4me app with child–caregiver dyads (n = 30; 15 at site 1, n = 15 at site 2) whose primary language is Spanish. This phase is mixed methods and incorporates both a qualitative approach (caregiver interviews) and quantitative measures (system usability scale). It is expected that app users in phase 2 will report above average system usability scale scores (>68%). It is also expected that >75% of families approached in phase 2 will enroll and complete the surveys in our study.
Conclusion
This protocol paper details the transcreation process of the BMT4me app into a Spanish version. The findings of the study will demonstrate the level of acceptability of the Spanish BMT4me app with participants whose primary language is Spanish. As a digital health intervention for an underrepresented population that is increasingly online yet historically underserved, this app can overcome health barriers and disparities and improve overall health equity.
... Longitudinal studies are beneficial in following how respondents' attributes and perceptions change over time (O'Dwyer & Bernauer, 2016). Furthermore, longitudinal qualitative research can be used to inductively analyze the data and seek explanations for a phenomenon by identifying similarities or patterns emerging from the analysis (Glaser & Strauss, 1999). We adopted a longitudinal qualitative research design that combines a qualitative lens of inquiry with a panel study consisting of three waves of data collection to probe various aspects of a singular phenomenon (i.e., ethical sourcing). ...
Ethical sourcing is a crucial issue for the fashion industry, which is under intense pressure to build ethical and responsible supply chains. Despite its importance, we know little about how individual employees working in the fashion supply chain view ethical sourcing and the ethical considerations they encounter during their work. We adopted the moral agency theory to address these lacunas and conducted a longitudinal qualitative research study. We collected data from a highly heterogenous sample of employees based in the United Kingdom through open-ended essays in three waves (N1 = 50, N2 = 43, N3 = 30) over 9 months that were analyzed using the grounded theory method. The analysis revealed the following themes: a contemporary outlook on boundaries, external considerations, and three levels of action for ethical considerations: Supplier, organization, and employee (i.e., individual). We offer a revitalized view of ethical sourcing as a concept from a practice perspective and discuss critical ethical issues that affect employees’ moral agency to enact ethical sourcing decisions. Our findings offer insights into avenues to advance theoretical knowledge through a comprehensive framework derived from our results. We also propose significant practical implications to promote the widespread integration of ethical sourcing.
... Grounded theory methods were used for thematic analysis. (11,12) Open coding was used to conduct the analyses for each sentence. This enabled the development of codes aimed at covering the data thoroughly. ...
Introduction: This study explores the experiences and beliefs of healthcare professionals working in end-of-life palliative care in Catalonia, Spain. Recognizing the complex emotional, psychological, and ethical challenges they face, the research aims to deepen understanding of the facilitators and barriers within their clinical practices.Objective: The aim of this research was to explore the lived experiences and beliefs of end-of-life palliative care professionals in a palliative care Unit in Catalunya, Spain.Methods: A qualitative approach was used, focusing on focused ethnography to capture the nuanced realities of healthcare dynamics in palliative care. Seven healthcare professionals (six nurses and one physician) from a public hospital’s palliative care unit participated. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and analyzed via thematic coding to identify recurring themes and subthemes.Results: Analysis revealed two primary themes: "Beliefs associated with palliative care clinical practice" and "Lived experiences of working in palliative care." Each theme encompassed individual and interpersonal factors. Key facilitators included coping strategies and teamwork, while barriers involved emotional stress, proximity to death, and resource limitations.Conclusion: The findings underscore the need for institutional support to address the psychological and practical challenges in palliative care. By acknowledging the multifaceted demands on these professionals, targeted interventions can enhance both professional resilience and patient care quality. Further, the study highlights the importance of comprehensive, empathetic training to improve the social visibility and understanding of the psychosocial aspects of end-of-life care
... Por un lado, los datos fueron analizados de forma preliminar empleando el programa MAXqda®, el cual permitió codificarlos, agruparlos, crear categorías e identificar fragmentos textuales prototípicos para organizar y ejemplificar las categorías. Posteriormente, continuó el análisis usando la técnica de comparación constante mediante análisis abierto, axial y selectivo (Glaser y Strauss, 1967). El análisis abierto posibilitó agrupar temas generales, conceptuaciones globales, que sirvieron para generar categorías. ...
La transición de educación inicial a primaria afecta cognitiva, académica, social y psicológicamente a todos los participantes del proceso educativo en el corto y largo plazo. Esta transición ha sido ampliamente estudiada en el ámbito internacional, pero no se ha analizado en República Dominicana desde la perspectiva familiar. Este estudio busca analizar, cualitativamente, la percepción de la transición de preescolar a primaria de padres de Santo Domingo, República Dominicana. Es un estudio de casos exploratorio y cualitativo. Se realizaron entrevistas y grupos focales a 178 participantes de una escuela pública y una privada entre 2021-2023. Los datos se analizaron usando el programa MAXqda®, la triangulación y la comparación constante. Los participantes perciben la transición como un proceso educativo que afecta a niños y familias emocional, social, cognitiva y académicamente. Sostienen que la escuela es la principal responsable de la adecuada implementación de la transición. Aunque realizan actividades para apoyar la transición en el hogar, los padres reconocen que no se involucran en las actividades escolares de transición debido a la falta de información y formación. Por tanto, es necesario desarrollar programas de educación familiar y diseñar materiales educativos sobre la transición.
... For this qualitative study, I created an observation and semi-structured interview protocol guided by Kanaka methodologies and I applied Goodyear-Ka'ōpua's Methodological Ropes for Research and Resurgence: "Lāhui (collective identity and self-definition), ea (sovereignty and leadership), kuleana (positionality and obligations), and pono (harmonious relationships, justice, and healing)" (2016, p. 2) to build relationships, collaborate with participants, and use our collective knowledge to conduct research collaboratively. Qualitative data from interviews and field notes following classroom observations were transcribed verbatim by me and analyzed for themes using constant comparison analysis (Glaser & Strauss, 1967) in Atlas.ti software. ...
Acting as a roadmap for doctoral students, scholars, and pedagogues, this narrative explores my journey through education and how I have used the confines of the academy to pursue research back home in Hawai’i using Kanaka ‘Ōiwi methodologies (Oliveira & Wright, 2016) to interview 10 Kanaka community members who entered into teaching as part of a homegrown teacher program called Ka Lama in the most densely Hawaiian populated area of Hawai’i to better serve their community and as an act of social justice. Additional data includes 12 semi-structured interviews with school administrators and Ka Lama-associated personnel and over 150 hours of classroom and community observations. As a result of this research, the Hānai Pedagogy framework (Brandehoff, 2023a) emerged, which is grounded in Indigenous ways of knowing and encompasses the values of Hands-on activities, Aloha, Navigation, Authenticity, and Interrelations, which are discussed at length in the findings. This study is limited to the specific area and participants of the setting; however, Hānai Pedagogy is now deeply woven throughout the curricula and doctoral programs designed and taught by the researcher to move toward action and liberation.
... The transcribed videos and fieldnotes from the debrief meetings provided evidence of the teacher's experience engaging with the S 3 D Approach. The MTE analyzed the fieldnotes using the constant comparative method (Glaser & Strauss, 1967). First, the MTE read through the fieldnotes and openly coded them using the comments feature in Word. ...
The value of discourse in the mathematics classroom is evident across standards, policy documents, and research. The quality of discourse is associated with students’ mathematical understanding and achievement. Productive mathematical discourse includes students providing explanations and critically listening to and evaluating the ideas of others. Such high-level discourse takes time to develop and is impacted by how teachers structure lessons and interact with students (e.g., talk moves). The present case study reports on an incremental professional development, S3D Approach, that guides teachers through a two-phase process to enhance small-group, student-to-student discourse. One middle school mathematics teacher implemented the incremental stages of the S3D Approach with support from a mathematics teacher educator, who conducted weekly observations and debrief meetings. Qualitative analyses revealed that, despite initial challenges, the S3D Approach became integrated into the teacher’s practice, enabling the teacher to identify and build upon incremental improvements in the small-group discourse. Overall, the findings demonstrate how through a reframing of starting points and the definition of success, incremental PD supports sustainable changes in a teacher’s practice and student engagement in productive mathematical discourse.
... In order to have some access to the students' expe rience, Walker observed their classes and on-line discussions, occa sionally taking part or answering questions, taking field notes all the while. After each class session, these notes were typed up and subjected to a prelirninary analysis to determine major and emer-65 gent themes, using the constant comparative method (Glaser & Strauss, 1967) as adapted by Lincoln and Guba (1985). During analy sis, the data was entered into a computer database and coded ac cording to themes. ...
Target. Racism is a health inequality that has been neglected. The objective is to examine maternal health in rural Mexico with respect to the different forms of discrimination. Material and methods. The research is based on anthropological fieldwork carried out in the Sierra del Totonacapan region in Veracruz, Mexico. Results. We empirically distinguish and document omissions and violations of human rights, before analyzing the sources of racism from an intersectional perspective, according to which gender, class and race constitute closely linked sources of discrimination. Conclusions. Finally, we propose an intercultural competence approach to confront racism at its confluence with other ideologies. This approach is aimed at professionals as conscious, reflective and transforming actors of intercultural interactions.
The paper investigates how online platforms achieve legitimacy in the context of art securitization. Art securitization platforms are new ventures in the art market that leverage blockchain technology to enable fractional ownership of art, thereby increasing liquidity and accessibility for online investors. While traditional art market intermediaries, such as auction houses Sotheby’s and Christie’s, face legitimacy challenges like price-fixing issues, new intermediaries, such as art securitization platforms, require legitimacy with investors in order to secure a primary source of stability and survival in the art market. This study investigates how four leading art securitization platforms, Maecenas, Masterworks, Otis, and Artory achieve legitimacy with investors in the art market. We analyze both the art securitization platforms’ 6306 social media posts to decode their legitimacy-achieving approaches and draw on the positivity of 2510 post comments to measure how their legitimacy is perceived by investors. Our findings suggest that highlighting technological distinctiveness and entrepreneurial identity aids art platforms in achieving legitimacy, despite raising concerns among conservative investors. Positive legitimacy judgements are also awarded by investors to platforms that conform to stakeholders’ expected levels of return, transparency, and security.
This study explores the concept of Smart HRM 4.0 through the lens of the dynamic capability view (DCV) perspective, which posits that an organization's ability to integrate, build, and reconfigure internal and external competencies is crucial for achieving sustained competitive advantage. By leveraging dynamic capabilities, organizations can effectively respond to rapidly changing environments, thus enhancing their overall performance—quantitative research using a cross-sectional survey design. To examine the Relationship between Smart HRM 4.0 variables and organizational performance. Independent Variables were stickiness to traditional practice, and mediators were learning and knowledge skills, integration, and reconciliation capabilities. At the same time, Dependent Variable is Organizational Performance (measured through financial performance, employee productivity, innovation outcomes, customer satisfaction, etc.)Total Participants: 76 IT Specialists and senior executives. Industry Organization Size: 40% large enterprises, 35% medium-sized companies, 25% small businesses. Technological integration and data-driven decision-making are the most significant predictors of organizational performance. Dynamic capabilities enhance the effectiveness of Smart HRM practices, leading to improved organizational performance. Organizations that effectively develop and leverage their dynamic capabilities are better positioned to achieve high performance through Smart HRM 4.0 practices. Implications for Practice Organizations should invest in advanced HR technologies and foster a culture of continuous learning and innovation. Enhancing dynamic capabilities can amplify the benefits of Smart HRM 4.0 practices, leading to superior organizational performance. HR leaders should focus on building robust sensing, seizing, and reconfiguring capabilities to stay competitive in a rapidly changing environment.
Strategic change is essential for an organization’s long-term performance and survival. Research has investigated how governance structures, organizational values, capabilities, and firm size, in isolation from one another, influence family firms’ strategic change, yet insights in family firm literature suggest the need to examine the fit among these dimensions. We employ a configurational approach and a framework built from models of fit in family firm literature to examine the interdependence among these dimensions. Using a primary dataset of 275 Belgian private family firms and fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA), we identify six configurations leading to high levels of strategic change and three configurations explaining low levels of strategic change. This study contributes to the literature by advancing our understanding of how multiple interdependent dimensions, namely, governance structures, organizational values, capabilities, and firm size, combine to better explain strategic change levels in family firms. The findings also provide concrete formulas for practitioners to create a fit among specific factors in these dimensions to promote strategic change.
The Anthropocene is an age of dilemma to mankind, as it has been experiencing the dichotomy of fast pace development at the expense of habitable environment which provides biological diversity and food security to all. Understanding this complex situation necessitates incorporation of diverse agenda as well as approaches for research to enhance our knowledge system. This chapter tries to explore the relevance of exploratory research as a pertinent methodology by assessing the different methods in exploratory research that have progressed since the last century in social science in general and analyse their relevance to the present geographical research scenario in India.
The dissemination of sustainable development concepts in large international events like the Olympics has garnered great attention. As a major international sports event, the Beijing Winter Olympics served as an important platform for showcasing China’s sustainable development philosophy through its official news coverage. In this context, metaphor, as a powerful cognitive tool, plays a crucial role in shaping public perception and facilitating the dissemination of values by mapping concrete source domains onto abstract target domains. This paper constructs a critical metaphor analysis framework for sustainable development, analyzing the mechanisms by which metaphors map the concepts of social, economic, and ecological sustainability, and their multifaceted roles in conveying policy proposals, ideologies, cultural values, and social group behaviors. The findings indicate that metaphors effectively facilitate public understanding of sustainability by concretizing abstract concepts. In the social dimension, metaphors emphasize fairness, cultural diversity, and social solidarity; in the economic dimension, they highlight resource recycling, technological innovation, and industrial upgrading; while in the ecological dimension, the focus is on environmental protection and the harmonious coexistence of humanity and nature. Metaphors play a crucial role in shaping public perceptions of policy, reflecting specific values and socio-cultural contexts, facilitating cultural communication and understanding, and enhancing public responsibility and participation awareness.
Objectives
Historically, patients with cancer were referred to palliative care near the end of life. In recent years, the increased integration of palliative care throughout the entire trajectory of illness has helped patients with cancer better manage their symptoms and improve QOL. However, it is unknown how patients think about the presence and role of earlier, integrated palliative care. This study explored how patients and caregivers experience cancer care in the context of palliative care co-management with oncology.
Methods
We conducted interviews with 18 patients and 13 caregivers to investigate perspectives, attitudes, and experiences surrounding cancer care, specifically with their experiences of co-management with a palliative care outpatient clinic and oncology. Using grounded theory, we identified a typology of patient and caregiver approaches when discussing the care they received and/or desired.
Results
Our data revealed 3 approaches to thinking about palliative care in cancer care. While some participants embraced the “Cure Centrality” approach, caring only about fighting the disease, others adopted a “Quality-of-Life (QOL) Centrality” approach, desiring their health-care team to prioritize a broader range of concerns. A third approach, The “Dual Centrality” approach, espoused values from both approaches.
Significance of results
While co-management of palliative care and oncology is complementary by design, our data suggest that patients and caregivers take a variety of approaches to their copresence. For some patients, palliative care served as an important legitimizing resource for patients desiring expanded priorities in their care (e.g. higher value on QOL and symptom management) and enabling patient-centered care.
Most mainstream debates about exploitation in college athletics are unquestionably right to highlight the foundational injustice that players are not compensated directly for their value-producing athletic work. Yet, what this discourse does not often account for is the fact that exploitation is not just about how benefits are distributed in an exchange but also how harm is distributed. College football is a site of some of the most brutal working conditions in U.S. society, yet it is unregulated by occupational health and safety standards and unprotected by labor organizing. Drawing on semistructured interviews with 25 former college football players, we argue that players are often subjected to brutal physical (and emotional) harm and discipline in the course of their work, compelled to play through injury, and forced to endure abusive coaching, often without long-term health insurance. We thus take account of the physical and emotional harm that saturates college football.
Young adults with early psychosis often disengage from essential early intervention services (i.e., Coordinated Specialty Care or CSC in the United States). While decision support interventions improve service engagement, their use in this population is underexplored. This study evaluated the feasibility, acceptability, fidelity, and potential impact of a decision coaching intervention for young adults with early psychosis in CSC services. Using a mixed-method, longitudinal, collective case study design, we assessed the intervention's impact on decision-making needs through the Decisional Conflict Scale and qualitative interviews. We also evaluated feasibility, fidelity, and acceptability through observations and feedback from interventionists and participants. Eight young adults from three CSC programs participated, showing variable engagement, with generally favorable fidelity and acceptability ratings. The Decisional Conflict Scale revealed mixed findings, while four themes from qualitative interviews emerged: Perspective and Information Seeking, Motivation and Prioritization, Empowerment and Confidence, and Critical Thinking and Evaluation. The findings suggest that training CSC providers—including peer specialists and clinicians—to deliver decision coaching with fidelity is feasible, well-received by young adults, and potentially impactful on decision-making. Replication in a larger controlled trial, addressing observed study limitations, is warranted. This trial was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (Identifier: NCT04532034) on August 28, 2020, as Temple University Protocol Record 261047, Facilitating Engagement in Evidence-Based Treatment for Early Psychosis (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04532034?term=NCT04532034&draw=2&rank=1).
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