Article

Emotional intelligence: The key to mitigating stress and fostering trust among software developers working on information system projects

March 2019
International Journal of Information Management 48

DOI:10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2019.02.007

Authors:

The University of Queensland

The successful accomplishment of information systems development (ISD) activities is reliant on the efforts of developers, who are largely responsible for creating the required system artefacts. Developers encounter numerous obstacles in their efforts to successfully complete activities, such as the need to develop software within highly-complex broad-ranging projects. These problems increase levels of stress, which subsequently affect developers’ ability to self-regulate their feelings and understanding. However, only scant attention has been paid to their personal skills and competency in overcoming these issues. This study therefore aimed to bridge this gap by exploring the impact of developers’ emotional intelligence on stress, trust, and performance. Our empirical results show that emotional intelligence mitigates stress and fosters trust among software developers working on information system projects. Additionally, role ambiguity increases the effect of stress on performance.

Analyzing the Correlation Between Toxic Comments and Code Quality

Article

Full-text available

Nov 2024

Software development has a relevant human side, and this could, for example, imply that developers' feelings have an impact on certain aspects of software development such as quality, productivity, or performance. This paper explores the effects of toxic emotions on code quality and presents the SentiQ tool, which gathers and analyzes sentiments from commit messages (obtained from GitHub) and code quality measures (obtained from SonarQube). The SentiQ tool we proposed performs a sentiment analysis (based on natural language processing techniques) and relates the results to the code quality measures. The datasets extracted are then used as the basis on which to conduct a preliminary case study, which demonstrates that there is a relationship between toxic comments and code quality that may affect the quality of the whole software project. This has resulted in the drafting of a predictive model to validate the correlation of the impact of toxic comments on code quality. The main implication of this work is that these results could, in the future, make it possible to estimate code quality as a function of developers' toxic comments.

Emotional intelligence as an antecedent of employees’ job outcomes through knowledge sharing in IT-ITeS firms

Article

Sep 2024
Int J Prod Perform Manag

Purpose Job performance literature has evolved to address the aspects of performance thinking where knowledge sharing (KS) and emotions on the job are considered important. This study evaluates the influence of emotional intelligence (EI), mediated through KS, on job outcomes measured as job performance (JP) and job satisfaction (JS). Design/methodology/approach Structural equation modeling methods are used to investigate the degree of influence of EI on job outcomes through KS. The data for analysis has been collected from 227 project managers at Information Technology-Information Technology Enabled Services (IT-ITeS) firms. Findings The findings suggest that the EI has a positive and significant effect on KS. This implies that employees with high EI scores are more involved in the KS behavior. Furthermore, the findings suggest that KS partially mediates the relationship between EI and JP, and it fully mediates the relationship between EI and JS. Research limitations/implications For KS, the answer lies in the recruitment and retention of emotionally intelligent persons rather than investing only in information technology. The study enhances the literature on knowledge management, sharing and EI. Practical implications The proposed research model suggests a successful infusion of KS within IT-ITeS firms. Knowing the EI of employees and, accordingly, changing their behavior towards sharing knowledge is probably a distinctive, most efficacious and essential strategy for augmenting job outcomes. Originality/value The study establishes the role of KS in translating the impact of EI on JP and JS. Furthermore, it contributes a novel framework of KS behavior.

The Impact of Interruptions on Different Types of Flow in Collaborative Software Development Work

Conference Paper

Dec 2024

How individuals experience flow at work has been attracting interest recently in information systems (IS) research. Flow, the experience of deep absorption, is essential for knowledge workers like software developers. Previous research has focused on individual flow experiences. However, the nature of software developers' work is highly collaborative, which exposes them to many interruptions in their work activities. While emerging IS research has highlighted that interruptions are disruptive to flow, understanding of the positive impact of interruptions is limited. Given the collaborative nature of knowledge work, it is essential to consider individual and collaborative flow states. To address this gap, we conducted a qualitative study, interviewing 25 software developers about their flow experiences, and distinguishing between co-located and remote work settings. We identified collaborative and non-collaborative flow states and how interruptions impact these states by disrupting or advancing flow. Our findings contribute to understanding flow experiences in collaborative knowledge work.

Effect of work-family conflict on employee's psychological well-being: Role of emotional intelligence

Article

Full-text available

Nov 2022

The main objective in this study is to examine the moderating role of emotional intelligence on the relationship between work-family conflict and psychological well-being among employees in Malaysian service industry. The present study adopted Role Theory and Conservation of Resource Theory as the underpinning theories for its proposed conceptual framework. Based on the positivist paradigm, this study employed a quantitative method through questionnaires distribution. The data was obtained from the service employees sample (n = 250) in the area of Selangor and Klang Valley, Malaysia. The Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis results suggested that work-family conflict contributes significantly to employee's psychological well-being. Meanwhile, emotional intelligence plays a significant role in moderating the relationship between work-family conflict and employee's psychological well-being.

Emotional intelligence role : Relationship between role conflict and role ambiguity on external auditor performance

Article

Full-text available

May 2023

Muslim Muslim

This study uses emotional intelligence as a moderating variable between the influence of role conflict and unclear role on the performance of external auditors in the city of Makassar. The study population was 47 auditors at 9 Public Accounting Firms (KAP) operating in the city of Makassar. The selection of research samples using a saturated sampling method or census. The data of this study were analyzed using multiple linear regression methods with the help of Smart PLS 3.0 software. The results of this study found that role conflict variables and role ambiguity had a negative and significant effect on auditor performance. Role conflict has a positive and significant effect on auditor performance with moderated emotional intelligence. Unclear role does not significantly influence auditor performance with moderated emotional intelligence. The existence of emotional intelligence controls such as empathy for clients, by controlling emotional intelligence of course role conflict and role ambiguity can be prevented and reduced so that the auditor's performance increases.

The impact of technostress on organizational functioning

Article

Full-text available

Feb 2023

Research in recent years has shown that IT-enabled companies have higher productivity than their competitors. The new and latest technological solutions enrich the range of tools available to workers, ensuring that information is always available, communication is easier, and customers are better served. At the same time, these opportunities also create psycho-social pressures that strain workers’ working and private lives and can lead to further problems of techno-addiction. The study aims to investigate the relationships between the characteristics of technostress and their combined impact on trust within the organization between human-human and human-technology relationships. The quantitative study involved 531 respondents. Responses were analyzed using IBM SPSS 28 and IBM AMOS 27. The results show that there is undoubtedly a close relationship and a mutually generating effect between technostress characteristics, which substantially impact trust within the organization. However, trust is still stronger in personal relationships than in human-technology relationships. According to the respondents, the level of preparedness, technological knowledge, and expectations influence trust in the use of technology, which also affects performance and work-life balance. AcknowledgmentThis study is supported by the Research Centre at Faculty of Business and Economics (No. PE-GTK-GSKK A095000000-4) of University of Pannonia (Veszprém, Hungary).

Blessing in disguise: a multilevel investigation of the role of project complexity in relationship between workplace bullying and employee psychological capital

Article

Full-text available

Mar 2025
CURR PSYCHOL

This multilevel research delves into pivotal aspects of workplace bullying through the novel conceptualization, empirical capture, and comprehensive estimation of the simultaneous effect of abusive supervision and coworker bullying on employee psychological capital. Grounded in Social cognitive theory, multilevel SEM analyses were used to estimate multi-wave and multi-source data. The findings revealed significant and negative impact of abusive supervision and coworker bullying on employee psychological capital, emphasizing the toxic consequences of workplace bullying. Interestingly, our results also revealed that project complexity can moderate these relations, with higher level of complexity serving as a strong protective factor against the adverse impact of workplace bullying. This research advances the field, provides valuable insights and significantly enriching the existing literature by utilizing a social cognitive framework to explain the impact of workplace bullying on employee psychological capital with project complexity serving as a moderating factor.

METHODOLOGY FOR USING DIGITAL INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE STUDENTS’ SOCIO-EMOTIONAL SKILLS DEVELOPMENT

Article

Full-text available

Feb 2025

To mitigate the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, Brazilian educational institutions were closed and interrupted their in-person activities in March 2020, affecting almost 100% of the Brazilian student population, and accelerating the adoption of virtual classes in elementary school. This measure forced students to shift from face-to-face to virtual classes, resulting in a shift to virtual classes for almost all students. This abrupt interruption of face-to-face classes affected social interaction and cooperation among students. Due to this scenario, this research-study focused on improving virtual classes using Digital Information and Communication Technologies (DICTs). The study proposed four methodological stages: analysis of socio-emotional skills during the use of DICTs, and the design of digital activities and tasks that would enhance social interaction and the improvement of elementary students’ focus from the perspective of elementary school teachers. The method was implemented and validated through results that demonstrated that the use of DICTs, combined with tailored pedagogical activities according to the reality of students access to technology, aided in the development of socio-emotional skills, since, during virtual classes, positive impacts were recognized in the sense of organization both in the group dynamics in which students demonstrated empathy and collaboration with colleagues who had difficulties in using the DICTs, as well as in individual activities.

How an Agile Software Process Increases Developers’ Job Satisfaction: A Stress Perspective Based on the Effort-Reward-Imbalance Model

Article

Full-text available

Jan 2025
BUS INFORM SYST ENG+

Human resource factors such as job stress and job satisfaction are important topics in both the science and practice of software development. However, existing studies use different conceptualizations of stress. In this paper, a new theoretical perspective on stress, the effort-reward imbalance framework, is presented and empirically investigated. According to this framework, stress results from an imbalance between perceived effort and reward. A moderated mediation model is proposed that conceptualizes stress as a mediator in explaining the relationship between agility (measured by eight agile practices) (independent variable) and developers' job satisfaction (dependent variable). In addition, the theoretical model proposes that overcommitment, a personality trait, moderates the relationship between agility and stress. Based on a sample of N = 178 software developers in Austria, the data confirm the model. The results show that agility indirectly increases job satisfaction via reduced stress perceptions. There was no significant direct effect of agility on job satisfaction. However, looking specifically at the effort and reward components, a stress-reducing effect of agility and a consequent satisfaction-enhancing effect were observed, primarily because the use of an agile approach increases developers' reward perceptions. Furthermore, it was found that the agile practices of requirements change and customer relation have a stress-increasing effect, while the other six practices (pair programming, continuous integration, refactoring, unit testing, collective ownership, coding standards) have a stress-reducing effect. However, since the results show that agility has an overall stress-reducing effect, this means that the unfavorable influence of requirements change and customer relationship on stress is overcompensated by the other six practices, predominantly via their positive influence on reward perceptions. Finally, the results show that developers with high levels of overcommitment experience a reduced benefit from agility.

Human and Machine: How Software Engineers Perceive and Engage with AI-Assisted Code Reviews Compared to Their Peers

Preprint

Full-text available

Jan 2025

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) continues to increase and evolve, including in software engineering (SE). This integration involves processes traditionally entrusted to humans, such as coding. However, the impact on socio-technical processes like code review remains underexplored. In this interview-based study (20 interviewees), we investigate how software engineers perceive and engage with Large Language Model (LLM)-assisted code reviews compared to human peer-led reviews. In this inherently human-centric process, we aim to understand how software engineers navigate the introduction of AI into collaborative workflows. We found that engagement in code review is multi-dimensional, spanning cognitive, emotional, and behavioral dimensions. The introduction of LLM-assisted review impacts some of these attributes. For example, there is less need for emotional regulation and coping mechanisms when dealing with an LLM compared to peers. However, the cognitive load sometimes is higher in dealing with LLM-generated feedback due to its excessive details. Software engineers use a similar sense-making process to evaluate and adopt feedback suggestions from their peers and the LLM. However, the LLM feedback adoption is constrained by trust and lack of context in the review. Our findings contribute to a deeper understanding of how AI tools are impacting SE socio-technical processes and provide insights into the future of AI-human collaboration in SE practices.

Human and Machine: How Software Engineers Perceive and Engage with AI-Assisted Code Reviews Compared to Their Peers

Conference Paper

Full-text available

Jan 2025

The well-being of software engineers: a systematic literature review and a theory

Article

Full-text available

Dec 2024
EMPIR SOFTW ENG

For decades, software engineering research and practice has focused primarily on technological and process-related factors. Today, there is a growing interest in organizational, social, and psychological factors, including well-being. Organizational studies show that well-being contributes to work outcomes, including creativity, performance, and productivity. But despite its importance, the predictors and outcomes of software engineers’ well-being as a multidimensional construct to date are under-researched. This paper reports on the multidimensional well-being of professional software engineers and generates insights for the future research in this area. 44 quantitative survey studies published between 2000 and 2023 were selected and synthesized both quantitatively and qualitatively through a systematic literature review. The results of the review were further analyzed to construct a quantitatively-testable theory, detailing the predictors and outcomes of well-being in software engineering organizations. The total number of research participants included in the selected studies is 16,086 software engineering professionals from at least 42 countries. The literature review identified various measures, constructs, and indicators of well-being, as well as its predictors and outcomes. The theory, based on cumulative results of carefully selected quantitative studies, is an attempt to “correct the record” by establishing well-being in software engineering as a meta-construct of hedonic, eudaimonic, and integrated or hedaimonic qualities predicted by different individual, team and organizational factors and impacting the functioning of software engineers and their organizations. The review highlighted the under-researched aspects of well-being in software engineering and confirmed the need for more advanced quantitative studies. We hope that the theory will benefit researchers in conducting future studies and practitioners in developing nuanced and science-based interventions for improving software engineers’ well-being.

The Relationship Between Managers’ Emotional Intelligence and Project Management Decisions

Article

Full-text available

Nov 2024

Today, effective project management goes beyond technical skills, incorporating an emotional dimension that plays a crucial role in the success and dynamics of teams. Emotional intelligence (EI), which refers to the ability to control emotions—both one’s own and those of others—has become essential for good performance in work environments, often surpassing technical skills. This study aims to explore the relationship between managers’ emotional intelligence and decision-making in the context of project management. This research was based on an extensive literature review, followed by multiple interviews with project managers. Using semi-structured interviews, it was possible to identify how EI positively influences decision-making and project success. Managers with high levels of EI are more effective in decision-making, communication, conflict resolution, and leadership, resulting in more cohesive and productive teams. EI is a critical factor for success in project management in companies with the same characteristics as this one, providing a collaborative and effective working environment. The results might clearly assess the current state of the relationship between EI in the context of project management and consequent decisions leading to the project’s success.

THE ROLE OF MENTAL WORKLOAD IN INVESTING QUALITY OF LIFE AMONG WORKERS IN THE PHOSPHORIC ACID INDUSTRY

Article

Full-text available

Mar 2024

Introduction: Every workplace has potential hazards, one of which is psychological hazards, namely work stress. The stress felt by workers can interfere with their work activities if not controlled immediately. In Indonesia, 11.6–17.3% of the 150 million adult population suffers from stress at work. Moreover, job stress can be caused by various factors. Aims: To assess workers’ quality of work life by analyzing the relationship between mental workload and work stress. Moreover, this research investigates the individual characteristics, mental workload level, and stress level between workers. Methods: This research is a quantitative study using an observational design and a cross-sectional technique. The participants in this study were all 35 maintenance personnel. Mental workload and work stress are assessed using NASA-TLX and DASS-21 questionnaire, respectively. Results: The collected data are statistically analyzed using the Spearman correlation test and the Cramer contingency coefficient correlation test. The results showed that mental workload has a strong relationship with work stress which is in the strong category (r= 0,679) and the direction of the relationship is unidirectional. Conclusion: The conclusion of this study is that the higher the mental workload possessed by workers, the higher the level of perceived work stress. Therefore, the company can reduce work stress by conducting both individual and organizational strategies

Does work–family conflict lead to abusive supervision in the construction projects? The role of project commitment and psychological resilience

Article

Full-text available

Apr 2024

Drawing on conservation of resources theory, the study aimed to investigate the relationship between work–family conflict (time-based, strain-based and behavior-based) and project manager abusive supervision in the presence of mediating mechanism and boundary condition. Time-lagged data were collected from 235 respondents working on construction projects to examine the proposed relationships by utilizing regression analysis. Findings indicated that the dimensions of work–family conflict had a positive significant relationship with abusive supervision and negative relationship with project commitment. Additionally, project commitment mediated the relationships and psychological resilience were found to alleviate the negative influence of work–family conflict on project commitment. Surprisingly, the results delineated that strain-based work–family conflict have more pronounced influence in instigating abusive supervision. This study is unique as it broadens the empirical research on work–family conflict and more particularly negative supervisor behavior in the project context.

Information systems and project managers' technical competences -perceived importance and influencing variables

Article

Feb 2024
Int J Bus Inform Syst

Project managers' technical competences are crucial for achieving success in information systems (IS) projects. Several variables can influence the perceived importance of these competences, such as the project manager's education, training, experience, organisational context, among others. This paper aims to determine the most important technical competences of information systems project managers, as well as to identify the influencing variables. Results of our international web-based survey of IS project managers highlight the importance of competences like 'communication', 'project requirements and objectives', 'teamwork', 'interested parties (stakeholders)', and 'scope and deliverables'. Results also show the relevance of project managers' experience since it influences the perceived importance of 45% of the competences under study.

Newcomers' Stress and its Effects on Well-Being during an IT Organization's Socialization Process

Conference Paper

Jan 2023

Riitta Hekkala

Kecerdasan Emosional, Dukungan Sosial dan Kecemasan Berkompetisi pada Atlet: Kecerdasan Emosional, Dukungan Sosial dan Kecemasan Berkompetisi

Article

Full-text available

Jul 2023

Atlet seringkali merasakan ketegangan dan kecemasan sebelum dan saat menjalani pertandingan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh kecerdasan emosi dan dukungan sosial terhadap kecemaan yang atlet rasakan saat menghadapi pertandingan (competitive anxiety). Menggunakan metode kuantitatif korelasional, penelitian ini melibatkan 136 atlet pencak silat di Jombang yang tergabung dalam Ikatan Pencak Silat Indonesia (IPSI). Teknik pengambilan sample menggunakan purposive sampling. Ada tiga alat ukur yang digunakan yaitu Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2R (CSAI-2R), Brief Emotional Intelligence Scale, dan Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS). Analisis data menggunakan uji regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kecerdasan emosi dan dukungan sosial memberikan pengaruh terhadap terbentuknya kecemasan saat bertanding. Atlet yang cerdas mengelola emosi serta mendapatkan dukungan sosial yang baik akan mampu mengelola kecemasan yang dirasakan saat menghadapi pertandingan. Uji secara partial juga menggambarkan pengaruh masing-masing variable baik kecerdasan emosi maupun dukungan sosial ikut berpengaruh pada kecemasan.

Stress Monitoring and Relieving Application for IT Professionals

Article

Jan 2023

Game-based exercise focused on emotional intelligence

Article

Full-text available

Jan 2023

This study explores the rising vitality of socio-emotional skills, or 'soft skills,' within industrial engineering in Industry 4.0. Anchoring in Daniel Goleman's emotional intelligence theory and Arik Carmeli's explorations, it underscores how emotional intelligence propels optimal work attitudes and behaviors. The research implements a playful activity aimed at strengthening emotional and social competencies, particularly emphasizing self-awareness, self-management, and social skills. Executed in a strictly controlled and monitored environment and leveraging experiential learning methods, the study anticipates participants will enhance their capabilities in effective communication, conflict resolution, team leadership, and adaptation to dynamic and complex work contexts.

Assessment of DevOps Lifecycle Phases and their Role in DevOps Implementation using Best-Worst MCDM

Article

Oct 2023

After DeBois popularized DevOps, there is now a focus on integrating software development and operations. However, DevOps lacks a widely accepted definition despite various interpretations in the literature. Practitioners possess a basic understanding, but academic conceptualization is necessary. This research paper presents a framework based on the continuity principle in DevOps Phases to elucidate the fundamental concepts underlying DevOps. The framework defines DevOps as a synthesis of phases that encompass the entire software development lifecycle, including continuous planning, development, testing, integration, delivery, and monitoring. The study aims to assess the importance of each phase in implementing DevOps practices within the software development lifecycle. To accomplish this, the best-worst method is employed to calculate priority weights for each stage. The analysis utilizes input values derived from the DevOps-related section of the HELENA Dataset, which is sourced from software development practitioners, particularly those engaged in hybrid development models.

A DevOps Perspective: The Impact of Role Transitions on Software Security Continuity

Conference Paper

Full-text available

Jun 2023

Prior studies have claimed that, with evolving technologies, continuity processes in Development and Operations (DevOps) needs to be re-evaluated consistently. In this context, this study examines a relatively new continuity process -- continuous software security. With regulatory compliance and ubiquitous cyberattacks, it becomes increasingly important to integrate security into DevOps. Presently, DevOps developers assume the role of systems operators and software developers to facilitate Continuous Integration/Continuous Deployment (CI/CD). Assuming multiple roles involves role transitioning that requires developers to psychologically disengage from their current role and engage in another. Gradually, this may cause mental exhaustion. Therefore, implementing continuous security may add more complexity to DevOps, instigating more stress to software developers. Given this concern, we draw on Role Transition Theory and Cognitive Load Theory to examine whether integrating security into DevOps would aggravate developers’ job burnout, which would eventually undermine continuous security practices.

To Err is Human, To Write Secure Codes is Divine: Promoting Application Security through Organizational Justice

Conference Paper

Full-text available

Oct 2021

As the saying goes, "to err is human". A dedicated application developer may inadvertently make mistakes in a complex development environment fraught with reusable components and changing business requirements. These mistakes will most likely instigate application vulnerabilities. Fixing vulnerabilities may not be the top priority especially when developers are facing an immense pressure of delivering functionalities on time. To encourage developers "to go the extra mile", this study investigates how to increase developers' intention of writing secure codes. Using an integrated framework of organizational justice and neutralization theory, we propose that organizational justice would dismantle the neutralization techniques used by application developers to rationalize the deployment of insecure applications.

Diverse stakeholders on educational technology development teams: supporting software developers and children

Article

Jun 2023

Many approaches have been employed in the creation of educational technologies. One of the lesser explored approaches is that of participatory design when it includes children as direct contributors. In such cases, specific strategies for supporting the effective participation of software developers and children are necessary. This article discusses a participatory design project that was initiated to support the learning of music students, aged 11 through 17, as they practiced the piano. To design this educational technology, these students worked with a team of piano teachers, their parents, researchers, and software developers over a two-year period. This paper describes challenges that arose as the developers and students worked together to create a new application that supported student learning. The findings include practical strategies that were adopted throughout the design process for building trust, balancing power, and aligning values. Implementation of these strategies is discussed as a way to provide effective support for software developers to empower them to work successfully as part of a participatory design team that includes children. The implemented strategies and suggestions should help others to integrate children and developers as active contributors to the design of educational technologies.

Data encryption technology application in enterprise cost operation management based on cloud computing

Article

Full-text available

Jun 2023
SOFT COMPUT

As a new type of calculation method, 5G cloud computing provides convenient and fast service items for enterprises and ordinary users with its characteristics of stability, reasonableness, and easy operation. Although private cloud storage guarantees the safe storage of its own business secrets and secret data, its storage operation scale, service capabilities, and openness may not be extended to cloud computing platforms. Therefore, hybrid cloud computing is the development trend of cloud computing technology in the future, but how to ensure the efficient and safe storage of data and the consistency of data information must rely on data encryption technology. With the increase in market demand, the change of business model and the development of technological progress, the company’s information management level has clearly put forward higher regulations. Only the application of a powerful information management system can quickly capture market information and fully grasp important customer and corporate information to improve business service management decisions which flexibly change the work process to integrate into the continuous changes of customers and ultimately win the market leadership. As a concept of scientific research enterprise accounting management method, ERP can create an efficient supply chain, reduce inventory, and reduce cost accounting for enterprises. This article aims to realize its practical significance by studying the data encryption technology of 5G cloud computing and applying it to enterprise accounting cost calculation.

Data Encryption Technology application in Enterprise Cost Operation Management Based on Cloud Computing

Preprint

Full-text available

Apr 2023

As a new type of calculation method, 5G cloud computing provides convenient and fast service items for enterprises and ordinary users with its characteristics of stability, reasonableness, and easy operation. Although private cloud storage guarantees the safe storage of its own business secrets and secret data, its storage operation scale, service capabilities, and openness may not be extended to cloud computing platforms. Therefore, hybrid cloud computing is the development trend of cloud computing technology in the future, but how to ensure the efficient and safe storage of data and the consistency of data information must rely on data encryption technology. With the increase of market demand, the change of business model and the development of technological progress, the company's information management level has clearly put forward higher regulations. Only the application of a powerful information management system can quickly capture market information and fully grasp important customer and corporate information to improve business service management decisions flexibly change the work process to integrate into the continuous changes of customers, and ultimately win the market leadership. As a concept of scientific research enterprise accounting management method, ERP can create an efficient supply chain, reduce inventory, and reduce cost accounting for enterprises. This article aims to realize its practical significance by studying the data encryption technology of 5G cloud computing and applying it to enterprise accounting cost calculation.

NURSES’ EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE, BEHAVIOR AND THE MEDIATING ROLE OF JOB STRESS IN LEBANON

Article

Feb 2023

METODOLOGIA PARA USAR TECNOLOGIAS DIGITAIS, INFORMAÇÃO E COMUNICAÇÃO NO DESENVOLVIMENTO DE HABILIDADES SOCIOEMOCIONAIS DE ALUNOS

Article

Full-text available

Feb 2025

RESUMO: Para mitigar os impactos da pandemia da COVID-19, as instituições de ensino brasileiras foram fechadas e encerraram as atividades presenciais em março de 2020, o que afetou quase 100% da população estudantil brasileira, acelerando a adoção de aulas virtuais no ensino fundamental. Isto forçou os alunos a mudarem de aulas presenciais para virtuais, resultando numa interrupção abrupta da interação social e do sentido de cooperação entre os alunos. Devido a este cenário, esta pesquisa investigou um método viável para melhorar aulas virtuais utilizando Tecnologias Digitais de Informação e Comunicação (TDIC). Propôs quatro etapas metodológicas: análise das habilidades socioemocionais durante o uso das TDIC e o desenho de atividades digitais que potencializassem a interação social e a melhora do foco dos alunos na perspectiva dos professores de ensino primário. O método foi implantado e validado por meio dos resultados que demonstraram que o uso das TDIC em conjunto com atividades pedagógicas desenvolvidas conforme a realidade de acesso dos alunos à tecnologia auxiliou no desenvolvimento de competências socioemocionais já que, durante as aulas virtuais, foram reconhecidos impactos positivos no sentido de organização tanto nas dinâmicas de grupo em que os alunos demonstraram empatia e colaboração com colegas que tinham dificuldades na utilização das TDIC, quanto nas atividades individuais.

Why and when customers participate in service recovery: From the perspective of perceived group emotional intelligence

Article

Mar 2025

MyRecommender: Personalized Activity Recommendation based on Negative Emotions Classification

Conference Paper

Dec 2024

Utilizing multiple intelligences as a means to improving claim performance outcomes in project-based organizations

Article

Nov 2024

Purpose Project claim performance is often poor with negative consequences for project-based organizations (PBOs). Conflict and emotion are reported to impact organizational claim performance outcomes, yet remains unexplored. This study investigates the multiple intelligence (MI) context from the viewpoint of the claim management office (CMO), with the intent of identifying pathways to improving the emotion-based claim performance of PBOs. Design/methodology/approach The study utilizes an autoethnographic case study involving a PBO-based general contractor (GC). Multiple intelligence theory (MIT) is applied as the theoretical lens. Method of framework analysis is used in analyzing the data, with reference to claim management office (RFCMO) theory as a main source in making “analytic generalization”. Findings Multifaceted complexities of MIs are identified, including ambidexterity, actions and relations, stress and conflict, cultural differences and universals, meta-strategic thinking and team diversity. The holistic emotion-based strategies model identifies how PBOs can improve claim performance, specifically by adopting theories confection remedy and controlling emotion outcomes strategies in a closed-loop process. Further, the coherent emotions governance (CEG) framework enables CMOs' to upgrade maturity levels, by integrating the strategies, general and specific measures for improving emotion-based organizational claim performance. Originality/value This is a pioneering study in unveiling the complexities of organizational emotions engagement and the application of confection remedy, specifically in a project management context. The antecedents of RFCMO theory are here enriched with MIT and the pool of the supporting people-centered theories, augmented by an autoethnographic case study, in which the linkage between emotion and conflict complexity is laid bare. Further, this study identifies how conflicts in construction industry can be mitigated by way of a discrete three-category theories confection remedy.

Emotional Intellience—It Matters

Chapter

Aug 2024

R. S. Mekhala

Emotions are a part of our biological makeup, and they follow us and influence how we act every day. Emotional Intelligence (EI) is a set of characteristics and abilities that includes a wide range of individual skills as well as dispositions, also known as interpersonal abilities or inter and intra-personal competencies, that extend beyond the boundaries of specific knowledge, broad cognitive ability, and scientific or professional skills. The five categories of emotional intelligence are knowing one's own feelings, controlling emotions, motivating oneself, recognising emotions in others, and coping with relationships. Emotion refers to a feeling/state (including physical responses and perceptions) that conveys information about relationships. For example, happiness is a state of feeling that also carries details about relationships—typically, that one would like to socialize with others. Similarly, fear is a state of feeling that corresponds to a relationship—the need to take away others. Intelligence refers to the ability to analyse the validity about information. This usage of the term emotional intelligence in this way is rational with scientific literature in the areas of intelligence, personality psychology, and emotions.

A Systematic Literature Review on the Influence of Enhanced Developer Experience on Developers' Productivity: Factors, Practices, and Recommendations

Article

Aug 2024

Context and Motivation – Developer eXperience (Dev-X) is a recent research area that focuses on developers perceptions, feelings, and values with respect to software development and software quality. Research suggests that factors and practices related to Dev-X can have a substantial impact on developer productivity (Dev-P). However, despite a large and diverse body of literature on factors that can impact Dev-P in general, there is no coherent and comprehensive characterization of how Dev-X-specific insights can influence developer productivity. Aims – In the presented research, we aim to provide a coherent, comprehensive characterization of factors and practices related to Dev-X, with a particular focus on those factors and practices that potentially affect Dev-P. Method – To this end, we performed a systematic literature review and identified 218 relevant papers in this area. We characterize the papers based on the related frameworks, and concepts common to Dev-X and Dev-P as presented in the existing literature. Dev-X factors such as ’work fragmentation’ and practices such as ’collaboration with owner-developer’ are identified using a grounded-in-the-literature, content-analysis method, guided by the theory. For each Dev-X factor, we identify attributes that might be used to assess/measure the current status (of an organisation or project) regarding that factor and how that factor and its effects on productivity have been evidenced in the literature (mentioned vs. considered in questionnaires vs. substantiated with a more positivist evaluation). Results – We identify 33 Dev-X-related factors and 41 Dev-X-related practices which are organized into ten themes to summarize their influence. The results suggest that the availability of required resources, relevant expertise re the allocated tasks, and fewer interruptions are among the top positively impacting factors. Conversely, factors like code complexity, heterogeneous contexts of tasks, and non-adherence to standardization harm Dev-X and Dev-P. Top industrial practices employed to mitigate the negative influence of factors include characterization-based task assignments, mental model support, and the timely evolution of technologies. Conclusions – Overall, this research suggests that organizations can influence Dev-P through improved Dev-X, incorporating suitable practices to mediate relevant factors in their context. Important in this regard are practices like fragmenting large tasks, highlighting the utility of proposed tasks/changes to the developers, and promoting (developer) ownership of artefacts. Finally, our results point to areas where further research seems appropriate, i.e., where Dev-X factors/practices have been proposed as being impactful on Dev-P but not yet fully substantiated or explored as such (factors like ‘Nature of Activity’ and practices like choosing practices/protocols appropriately).

A punching aircraft with a camera and linkage mechanism

Conference Paper

Aug 2024

Jinwei Wang

Leadership Profile of Croatian Project Managers - Investigating the Effects of Stress and Followers’ Expertise in Achieving Project Success

Article

Full-text available

Jun 2024

Ivan Matić

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the role of stress in demonstrating adequate project leadership and ultimately achieving project success, while also respecting followers’ expertise as the most important context factor. During 2021, the empirical research was conducted on 71 project managers in the Republic of Croatia. Results obtained via SPSS Statistics 23.0 and PROCESS macro v4.0 for SPSS indicate that demonstrated project leadership and followers’ expertise positively affect the project’s success. According to the results, stress, due to its inverted U-shaped nature of effect, does not affect project success, whereas it has a negative moderation effect on demonstrated project leadership by reducing its positive effects on project success. In addition to these results, this paper offers other interesting insights into the relationships between demonstrated project leadership, project manager’s stress, and project success, further filling the identified gap in research. A relatively small sample of project managers and its cross-sectional nature stand out as the main limitations of the empirical research presented in the paper.

The Influence of Social Competencies on the Performance of Software Project Team: Political Competency

Chapter

Jun 2024

Improving Employee Well-Being of Members of Information Systems Project Team Through Trust

Chapter

Jun 2024

Emmanuel Samuel Mtsweni

Supporting Emotional Intelligence, Productivity and Team Goals while Handling Software Requirements Changes

Article

May 2024

Background: Research shows that emotional intelligence (EI) should be used alongside cognitive intelligence during requirements change (RC) handling in Software Engineering (SE), especially in agile settings. Objective: We wanted to study the role of EI in-depth during RC handling. Method: We conducted a mixed-methods study (an interview study followed by a survey study) with 124 software practitioners. Findings: We found the causal condition, intervening condition and causes lead to key direct consequences of regulating own emotions, managing relationships, and extended consequences of sustaining productivity, setting and sustaining team goals. We found several strategies of supporting EI during RC handling. Further, we found strong correlations between six strategies and one being aware of own emotions, regulating own emotions, sustaining team productivity, and setting and sustaining team goals. Conclusion: Empathising with others and tracking commitments and decisions as a team are key strategies that have strong correlations between managing emotions, between sustaining team productivity, and between setting and sustaining team goals. To the best of our knowledge, the framework we present in this paper is the first theoretical framework on EI in SE research. We provide recommendations for software practitioners to consider during RC handling.

ОФИСНАЯ СРЕДА И ПАРАМЕТРЫ ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОГО ОПЫТА КАК ПРЕДИКТОРЫ ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОГО ВЫГОРАНИЯ У СПЕЦИАЛИСТОВ IT-ИНДУСТРИИ

Article

Full-text available

May 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the parameters of professional experience and subjectively perceived characteristics of the office environment influence on the development of IT specialists’ burnout. The sample included 192 IT specialists aged from 19 to 47 years (Mage=29.76±5.15 years; 21.4% women) with work experience in the current company of 2.07±3.17 years. The level of professional burnout and its components (Exhaustion, Mental distance, Cognitive impairment, Emotional impairment and Secondary symptoms) were assessed using Burnout Assessment Tool adapted by N.I. Kolachev et al. (2019). Subjectively perceived qualities of the office environment were measured using a standardized questionnaire "People in the office" (M.V. Pavlova et al., 2023). It has been shown that the burnout components of representatives of the IT sphere are not sequential processes, but arise in a certain sequence. The duration of daily communication with colleagues and work experience in the organization have a direct positive effect (reduce) cognitive impairment and secondary symptoms, and age has an indirect effect in reducing emotional impairment and mental distance. The perception of the working environment as having a developed external infrastructure, stimulating internal communications and reflecting professional identity reduces the severity of emotional dysregulation, mental distance and secondary symptoms in IT specialists. And the convenience of the workplace reduces the severity of exhaustion and cognitive symptoms of burnout. The presence of subordinates moderates the designated connections more strongly than the work format. The study results can be used as recommendations when designing a salutogenic office environment that prevents the development of professional burnout among IT specialists.

Office Environment and Work Experience as Predictors of Professional Burnout among IT Specialists

Article

Full-text available

Apr 2024

p>The article is devoted to the study of the parameters of professional experience and subjectively perceived characteristics of the office environment influence on the development of IT specialists’ burnout. The sample included 192 IT specialists aged from 19 to 47 years (M_age=29.76±5.15 years; 21.4% women) with work experience in the current company of 2.07±3.17 years. The level of professional burnout and its components (Exhaustion, Mental distance, Cognitive impairment, Emotional impairment and Secondary symptoms) were assessed using Burnout Assessment Tool adapted by N.I. Kolachev et al. (2019). Subjectively perceived qualities of the office environment were measured using a standardized questionnaire "People in the office" (M.V. Pavlova et al., 2023). It has been shown that the burnout components of representatives of the IT sphere are not sequential processes, but arise in a certain sequence. The duration of daily communication with colleagues and work experience in the organization have a direct positive effect (reduce) cognitive impairment and secondary symptoms, and age has an indirect effect in reducing emotional impairment and mental distance. The perception of the working environment as having a developed external infrastructure, stimulating internal communications and reflecting professional identity reduces the severity of emotional dysregulation, mental distance and secondary symptoms in IT specialists. And the convenience of the workplace reduces the severity of exhaustion and cognitive symptoms of burnout. The presence of subordinates moderates the designated connections more strongly than the work format. The study results can be used as recommendations when designing a salutogenic office environment that prevents the development of professional burnout among IT specialists.</p

Enhancing Workplace Productivity: A Review of Effective Communication Techniques and Their Role in Fostering Team Collaboration and Conflict Resolution

Article

Apr 2024

Dr. I.Ilavarasi

Effective communication is fundamental to organizational success, influencing productivity, collaboration,and conflict resolution within the workplace. This study conducts a comprehensive literature review to explore effective communication techniques and their role in enhancing workplace productivity, fostering team collaboration, and resolving conflicts. The objectives of the study include reviewing existing literature, identifying key factors influencing organizational outcomes, examining the interplay between communication practices and productivity, collaboration, and conflict resolution, and providing practical recommendations for organizations. Key findings from the literature review highlight the significance of establishing clear communication channels, promoting active listening, providing constructive feedback, fostering empathy and emotional intelligence, clarifying roles and expectations, implementing effective conflict resolution strategies, promoting cultural sensitivity, investing in communication skills training, and encouraging continuous learning and improvement. These findings underscore the multifaceted nature of workplace communication and its profound impact on organizational dynamics. Certain gaps and limitations within the existing literature are identified, including limited exploration of the intersection between communication practices and emerging technologies, the lack of comprehensive frameworks for navigating cultural differences effectively, the need for more in-depth exploration of leadership communication styles, the oversight of communication dynamics in alternative organizational structures, and the lack of consensus on effective communication skills training methodologies. The literature offers valuable insights into enhancing workplace communication, collaboration, and conflict resolution, there remain several gaps and limitations that warrant further exploration. Addressing these gaps through rigorous research and evidence-based practices can enable organizations to refine their communication strategies and foster environments conducive to productivity, collaboration, and employee well-being.

الارتباط بالعمل كمتغير وسيط في العلاقة بين الذكاء العاطفي وأداء اختصاصي تكنولوجيا المعلومات في شركات تكنولوجيا المعلومات في مصر

Article

Mar 2024

أمنية سامي عبد الحليم صبح

I'm a believer! Believability of social media marketing

Article

Apr 2024
INT J INFORM MANAGE

An amalgamation of Cognitive Aspects in Software Maintenance: A Content Analysis

Article

Dec 2023
EXPERT SYST APPL

Soft-Aware Development: Social Emotional Learning as an Agile Process

Conference Paper

Sep 2023

A cross-cultural comparison of work engagement in the relationships between trust climate – Job performance and turnover intention: Focusing China and Pakistan

Article

Aug 2023

While the significance of cross-cultural research has been acknowledged over time, there remains a gap in understanding its relationship with employee outcomes. This study delves into the associations between organizational trust climate (TC) and job performance (JP), as well as turnover intention (TI), seeking to ascertain if work engagement (WE) plays a mediating role. Additionally, the research investigates potential differences in the mediating effect between China and Pakistan. Data gathered from 270 participants in China and 242 in Pakistan were subjected to structural equation modeling (SEM) for analysis. Findings indicated that perceptions of individual WE serve as a bridge between organizational TC and JP, with the effect on JP being notably stronger among the Chinese participants. Moreover, the mediating role of WE in the link between organizational TC and TI was more pronounced for the Pakistani participants. On a practical front, such insights can equip managers with a nuanced understanding of the ripple effect that a trust-infused environment can have on employee engagement, subsequently influencing performance and retention rates.

I'd better say something! How empathy shapes bystander psychological reactance and intervention to online trolling of service organizations

Article

Full-text available

Jun 2023
J SERV MANAGE

Purpose Online trolling is a detrimental behavior for consumers and service businesses. Although online trolling research is steadily increasing, service research has yet to thoroughly explore how this behavior impacts businesses. Further, the role of bystanders, consumers who witness a victim (business) being trolled, remains largely unexplored. The purpose of this paper is thus to introduce online trolling to the service literature and begin to identify when (types of online troll content) and why (empathy and psychological reactance) bystanders are likely to intervene and support a service business being trolled by posting positive eWOM. Design/methodology/approach This research uses a two-study (Study 1 n = 313; Study 2 n = 472) experimental design with scenarios of a service business experiencing online trolling (moral versus sadistic). Participants' responses as bystanders were collected via an online survey. Findings Results reveal bystanders are more likely to post positive eWOM to support a service organization experiencing sadistic trolling. Psychological reactance is shown to mediate the relationship between trolling type and positive eWOM. Further, spotlight analysis demonstrates that bystanders with higher levels of empathy are more likely to post positive eWOM, whereas bystanders with low levels of empathy are likely to have a significantly higher level of psychological reactance. Originality/value This research is among the first in the service literature to specifically explore the consumer misbehavior of online trolling. Further, it provides new perspectives to online trolling by probing the role of bystanders and when and why they are likely to support service organizations being trolled.

Importance of Emotional Intelligence for the Leaders to Manage People and Business Effectively in Times of Crisis

Chapter

Mar 2023

Businesses have had financial and economic crises in the past, but none have compared to the COVID-19 pandemic, according to industry leaders. There is always a need for consistency, safety, and compassion in situations like COVID-19. Emotional intelligence has long been considered a crucial leadership skill. Now more than ever it is essential to navigate this crisis and establish a new normal. Consider emotional health as water in a glass that, in normal circumstances, might slowly evaporate and that leaders occasionally need to top off. Change, uncertainty, tension, and anxiety, however, behave like holes in the glass during a crisis, allowing water to pour out all over the place. There needs to be more top-down additions made in order to maintain emotional stability. Leadership plays an essential role in difficult situations to guide individuals or the group down the rocky path that lies ahead. Leaders must develop the traits that will enable them to efficiently manage their emotions and, in turn, assist others in managing theirs.

Empowering Leadership: Role of Organizational Culture of Self-Esteem, and Emotional Intelligence on Creativity

Article

Full-text available

May 2023

Purpose: Empowerment, intelligence, and the development of innovative workers are essential for success in the workplace. It helps subordinates share authority and increases efficiency. It is vital to include empowerment while analyzing the relationship between self-esteem, emotional intelligence, and innovation. Method: To test the hypothesis, a random sampling method was used to collect data. In all, 291 people working in the private sector in Pakistan were polled for this study. Finding: There were positive and substantial links between empowered leadership and creativity, while emotional intelligence and organizational self-esteem have an inverse relationship. For psychological appeal and inventiveness at work, empowerment alone is sufficient. Intellectual stimulus or a culture of excessively positive self-esteem may cause numerous limits at work. Hence, management should avoid situations where leaders are predisposed to developing empowering techniques. Research Implementation: This study yields an additional understanding of organizational behavior literature. It was concluded from this study that empowering leaders should avoid using emotional intelligence when scaling up creative strategies. As an alternative, they should develop a culture of self-esteem through emotional intelligence. Practical Implication: The framework suggests a realistic and candid approach to empowerment rather than using emotional intelligence and empowerment simultaneously. Originality/Value: Leaders should be aware of the importance of creative processes and use culture or leadership empowerment strategies to bridge emotions and create a structure of interaction.

Empathy, CIO CEO relationship, and digital transformation

Article

Apr 2023
INFORM MANAGE-AMSTER

Elucidation of IS project success factors: an interpretive structural modelling approach

Article

Full-text available

Feb 2020
ANN OPER RES

This study extends the debate surrounding the components of IS project success by reviewing success factors from the perspective of their interdependency and influence on each other. This research utilises interpretive structural modelling as the methodology and framework to develop the relationships between the selected factors. This approach is presented as a mechanism that can provide greater insight to the underlying causal interrelationships associated with IS project success and the successful transition to operations. The findings identify a number of key outcomes that have significant driving influence on other interconnected factors in the final model. This study highlights the benefits of an interpretive approach where IS factor interrelationships can be modelled to demonstrate potential influence on other connected factors thereby, increasing the chances of project success.

Investigating the relationships among team emotional intelligence, trust, conflict and team performance

Article

Full-text available

Dec 2018

Purpose The purpose of the study is to enhance understanding of the relationships among team emotional intelligence (EI), trust in team, conflict in team and team performance. Design/methodology/approach A sample of 389 team members from 84 project teams in large-scale construction projects was surveyed. Findings Findings showed that team EI is positively associated with team performance. In addition, trust and conflict in the team mediate the association between team EI and team performance. Practical implications The ability to perceive one’s own and others’ emotions significantly increases the likelihood of team performance by increasing trust in a team and reducing conflict. Therefore, managers can use these findings to boost team performance and reduce conflict in their teams. Originality/value This research contributes to the better understanding of the relationship between team EI and team performance in large-scale construction projects. In addition, this research is an empirical investigation into the mediation variables linking EI to team performance.

Examining the interdependencies among emotional intelligence, trust, and performance in infrastructure projects: A multilevel study

Article

Full-text available

Nov 2018
Int J Proj Manag

Regardless of the calls for a distinction between individual and team levels of analysis, studies regarding the multiple-level analysis of emotional intelligence are lacking in the project management literature. This research aims to address this shortcoming by examining the relationships between emotional intelligence, trust, and performance through multilevel analysis. Data were derived from 408 participants from 89 project teams in the large scale projects through three different surveys. We used hierarchical linear modeling and we found that emotional intelligence relates positively to performance and to trust at different levels of analysis. We also found that, at the team level, trust does not mediate the relationship between emotional intelligence and project team performance. This research offers a more realistic and comprehensive picture of the management and recognition of emotional intelligence in teams and individuals concurrently and addresses the implications for project leaders of inspiring individuals and teams.

A Comprehensive Assessment of Project Success Within Various Large Projects

Article

Full-text available

May 2018

Large scale projects are important drivers of social change. Even when operations follow best practices there are serious challenges, which all too often lead to failure in large scale projects. However, while large scale project success and fail- ure have been widely studied there is no comparison of pro- ject success in large scale projects across different types of projects. This study reveals project success factors in the con- text of large scale projects by analysing 30 articles. This re- view systematically identifies and compares project success factors in three types of large scale projects: construction/in- frastructure, aerospace/defense, and information technology. The paper offers practitioners and researchers a more com- prehensive understanding of success in managing large scale projects and useful recommendations for future research.

Self-efficacy to spur job performance: Roles of job-related anxiety and perceived workplace incivility

Article

Full-text available

Feb 2018
MANAGE DECIS

Purpose With a foundation in conservation of resources theory, the purpose of this paper is to unpack the relationship between employees’ self-efficacy and job performance, investigating the mediating role of job-related anxiety and the moderating role of perceived workplace incivility. Design/methodology/approach Survey data were collected from employees and their supervisors in Pakistani organizations. Findings An important reason that employees’ self-efficacy enhances their job performance is that they experience less anxiety while undertaking their daily job tasks. This mediating role of job-related anxiety is particularly salient to the extent that employees believe that they are the victims of uncivil behaviors. Practical implications Organizations should note that the anxiety-mitigating effect of self-efficacy is particularly strong for generating adequate performance to the extent that rude and discourteous behaviors cannot be completely avoided in the workplace. Originality/value This study establishes a more complete understanding of the benefits of employees’ self-efficacy by revealing how reduced worries about their organizational functioning represent critical mechanisms that connect this personal resource to higher job performance, as well as by showing how employees’ perceptions of workplace incivility invigorate this process.

Investigating the relationship between communication-conflict interaction and project success among construction project teams

Article

Full-text available

Sep 2017
Int J Proj Manag

Wu Guangdong

This study aims to investigate the effects of communication-conflict interaction on the success of construction projects. The conceptual model was validated with empirical data via the structural equation modeling. The results showed that task conflict was positively related to project success, while enhanced communication among teams stimulated the positive effect of task conflict. Process conflict and relationship conflict affected each other and were negatively related to project success, leading to poor communication among teams. Additionally, communication willingness and formal communication were positively associated with the project success, whereas informal communication negatively affected project success. Therefore, it is necessary to enhance the communication willingness and effectively enhance the formal communication among various project teams during the implementation of construction projects. Efforts are required to establish the formal communication mechanism to take advantage of the positive effect of task conflict whereas mitigating the negative effect of process and relationship conflict.

Unhappy Developers: Bad for Themselves, Bad for Process, and Bad for Software Product

Conference Paper

Full-text available

May 2017

Long working hours, job satisfaction, and depressive symptoms: a community-based cross-sectional study among Japanese employees in small- and medium-scale businesses

Article

Full-text available

May 2017

Akinori Nakata

Although long working hours have been suspected to be a risk factor for depressive symptoms (DS), it is not well understood the conditions under which long working hours are associated with it. This study investigated the moderating effect of job satisfaction on the relationship between working hours and DS. A total of 2,375 full-time non-shift day workers (73% men), aged 18-79 (mean 45) years, in 296 small- and medium-scale businesses were surveyed using a self-administered questionnaire evaluating working hours, job satisfaction, DS and covariates. The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale (CES-D) was used to assess DS. Risk of DS (CES-D ≥ 16) by working hours, job satisfaction, and both combined was estimated by multivariable logistic regression analysis. Compared to participants working 6-8 hrs/day, those working 12+ hrs/day had significantly higher odds of DS (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.49), while participants with low satisfaction, as opposed to high satisfaction, had increased odds of DS (aOR 1.81). Furthermore, compared to those working 6-8 hrs/day with high satisfaction (reference group), participants working 6-8 hrs/day, > 8 to 10 hrs/day, and > 10 hrs/day combined with low satisfaction had dose-response increase of DS (aOR 1.48, 2.21 and 2.31, respectively, p < 0.05), whereas those working > 8 to 10 hrs/day and > 10 hrs/day combined with high satisfaction had not (aOR 0.93 and 1.39, respectively, p > 0.10). The results suggest that long working hours are associated with increased risk of DS only under reduced job satisfaction condition, which highlights the importance of improving job satisfaction, particularly among those working excessive hours.

Technical Systems Development Risk Factors: The Role of Empowering Leadership in Lowering Developers’ Stress

Article

Full-text available

Sep 2017
INFORM SYST RES

The success of information systems development (ISD) projects depends on the developers who deliver them. However, developers face many challenges in bringing an ISD project to successful completion. These projects are often large, highly complex, with volatile targets, creating a stressful environment for developers. Although prior literature has considered how technical ISD risk factors, such as project size, complexity and target volatility, impact team- and project-level outcomes, their impact on developers has received limited attention. This gap in the literature is problematic for two reasons: (1) the interplay between individuals and project characteristics are unaccounted for, resulting in an incomplete picture of ISD; and (2) individual-level stress has been shown to reduce team performance. In this research, we examine the role of empowering leadership in reducing developer stress in ISD. We develop a multilevel model of the influence of empowering leadership on the relationship between technical ISD risk factors and developers’ role perceptions and explore the consequences for developers’ stress. The model was tested in a field study of 350 developers in 73 ISD teams from a large U.S.-based firm. Results showed that empowering leadership ameliorated the negative effects of project size and target volatility on role ambiguity, as well as the negative effects of project size, complexity, and target volatility on role conflict and stress. We also found that empowering leadership reduced role ambiguity, role conflict, and stress directly, and that role ambiguity and role conflict increased stress. Project size, complexity, and target volatility were found to increase empowering leadership behaviors. We conclude that empowering leadership can be an effective means of helping developers cope with technical ISD risk factors and discuss the implications of our findings for research and practice.

Building better measures of role ambiguity and role conflict: The validation of new role stressor scales

Article

Full-text available

Jan 2017
WORK STRESS

Occupational stress researchers have given considerable attention to role ambiguity and role conflict as predictors of employee health, job attitudes and behavior. However, the validity of the Rizzo, House, and Lirtzman’s (1970) scales — the most popular role stressor measures — has been a source of disagreement among researchers. In response to the disputed validity of the Rizzo et al. scales, we developed new measures of role ambiguity and role conflict and we conducted five studies to examine their psychometric qualities (Study 1 N = 101 U.S. workers; Study 2 N = 118 workers primarily employed in the U.S.; Study 3 N = 135 employed U.S. MBA students; Study 4 N = 973 members of the U.S. Air Force; Study 5 N = 234 workers primarily employed in the U.S.). Across these five studies, we found that the new role stressor scales have desirable psychometric qualities: They displayed high levels of substantive validity, high levels of internal consistency and test-retest reliability, they produced an interpretable factor structure, and we found evidence of their construct validity. We therefore recommend that these new scales be used in future research on role stress.

Towards the Assessment of Stress and Emotional Responses of a Salutogenesis-Enhanced Software Tool Using Psychophysiological Measurements

Article

Full-text available

Jan 2017

Software development is intellectual, based on collaboration, and performed in a highly demanding economic market. As such, it is dominated by time pressure, stress, and emotional trauma. While studies of affect are emerging and rising in software engineering research, stress has yet to find its place in the literature despite that it is highly related to affect. In this paper, we study stress coping with the affect-laden framework of Salutogenesis, which is a validated psychological framework for enhancing mental health through a feeling of coherence. We propose a controlled experiment for testing our hypotheses that a static analysis tool enhanced with the Salutogenesis model will bring 1) a higher number of fixed quality issues, 2) reduced cognitive load, 3) reduction of the overall stress, and 4) positive affect induction effects to developers. The experiment will make use of validated physiological measurements of stress as proxied by cortisol and alpha-amylase levels in saliva samples, a psychometrically validated measurement of mood and affect disposition, and stress inductors such as a cognitive load task. Our hypotheses, if empirically supported, will lead to the creation of environments, methods, and tools that alleviate stress among developers while enhancing affect on the job and task performance.

The Partial Least Squares Approach to Structural Equation Modeling

Article

Full-text available

Jan 1998

Provides a nontechnical introduction to the partial least squares (PLS) approach. As a logical base for comparison, the PLS approach for structural path estimation is contrasted to the covariance-based approach. In so doing, a set of considerations are then provided with the goal of helping the reader understand the conditions under which it might be reasonable or even more appropriate to employ this technique. This chapter builds up from various simple 2 latent variable models to a more complex one. The formal PLS model is provided along with a discussion of the properties of its estimates. An empirical example is provided as a basis for highlighting the various analytic considerations when using PLS and the set of tests that one can employ is assessing the validity of a PLS-based model. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved)

Personality Stability From Age 14 to Age 77 Years

Article

Full-text available

Dec 2016

There is evidence for differential stability in personality trait differences, even over decades. The authors used data from a sample of the Scottish Mental Survey, 1947 to study personality stability from childhood to older age. The 6-Day Sample (N = 1,208) were rated on six personality characteristics by their teachers at around age 14. In 2012, the authors traced as many of these participants as possible and invited them to take part in a follow-up study. Those who agreed (N = 174) completed a questionnaire booklet at age 77 years, which included rating themselves and asking someone who knew them well to rate them on the same 6 characteristics on which they were rated in adolescence. Each set of 6 ratings was reduced to the same single underlying factor, denoted dependability, a trait comparable to conscientiousness. Participants’ and others’ older-age personality characteristic ratings were moderately correlated with each other, and with other measures of personality and wellbeing, but correlations suggested no significant stability of any of the 6 characteristics or their underlying factor, dependability, over the 63-year interval. However, a more complex model, controlling rater effects, indicated significant 63-year stability of 1 personality characteristic, Stability of Moods, and near-significant stability of another, Conscientiousness. Results suggest that lifelong differential stability of personality is generally quite low, but that some aspects of personality in older age may relate to personality in childhood.

Exploring software developers' work practices: Task differences, participation, engagement, and speed of task resolution

Article

Full-text available

Sep 2016
INFORM MANAGE-AMSTER

In seeking to understand the processes enacted during software development, an increasing number of studies have mined software repositories. In particular, studies have endeavored to show how teams resolve software defects. Although much of this work has been useful, we contend that large-scale examinations across the range of activities that are commonly performed, beyond defect-related issues alone, would help us to more fully understand the reasons why defects occur as well as their consequences. More generally, these explorations would reveal how team processes occur during all software development efforts. We thus extend such studies by investigating how software practitioners work while undertaking the range of software tasks that are typically performed. Multiple forms of analyses of a longitudinal case study reveal that software practitioners were mostly involved in fixing defects, and that their engagement covaried depending on the nature of the work they were performing. Furthermore, multiple external factors affected speed of task resolution. Our outcomes suggest that behavioral and intrinsic issues may interact with extrinsic factors becoming significant predictors of the speed of software task resolution.

Teamwork Quality and Project Success in Software Development: A Survey of Agile Development Teams

Article

Full-text available

Sep 2016
J SYST SOFTWARE

Small, self-directed teams are central in agile development. This article investigates the effect of teamwork quality on team performance, learning and work satisfaction in agile software teams, and whether this effect differs from that of traditional software teams. A survey was administered to 477 respondents from 71 agile software teams in 26 companies and analyzed using structural equation modeling. A positive effect of teamwork quality on team performance was found when team members and team leaders rated team performance. In contrast, a negligible effect was found when product owners rated team performance. The effect of teamwork quality on team members ́ learning and work satisfaction was strongly positive but was only rated by the team members. Despite claims of the importance of teamwork in agile teams, this study did not find teamwork quality to be higher than in a similar survey on traditional teams. The effect of teamwork quality on team performance was only marginally greater for the agile teams than for the traditional teams.

Manager Emotional Intelligence and Project Success: The Mediating Role of Job Satisfaction and Trust

Article

Full-text available

Oct 2016
Int J Proj Manag

The number of complex projects is increasing across many sectors and the associated challenges are substantial. Using a field study we aim to understand how project managers' emotional intelligence (EI) contributes to project success. We propose and test a model linking EI to project success and examine the mediating effects of project managers' job satisfaction and trust on this relationship. Based on data collected from 373 project managers in the Australian defence industry, our results indicate that EI has a positive impact on project success, job satisfaction, and trust. Moreover, we found evidence that job satisfaction and trust mediate the relationship between EI and project success. Our findings suggest that top management should be aware of the importance of project managers' job satisfaction and trust, which can both serve to boost project success in complex project situations.

The positive effect of expressing negative emotions on knowledge creation capability and performance of project teams

Article

Full-text available

Jul 2016
Int J Proj Manag

Organizations are built around teams as a way to better manage complex work, such as technological projects. However, complex teamwork presents challenges that can often generate positive and negative emotions, as well as demand efforts to generate new knowledge. We examine whether and how the capacity of technological product development teams to constructively express negative emotions facilitates knowledge creation capabilities and thereby enhances project outcomes. Results indicate that with greater capacity for constructively expressing negative emotions, teams enhance their capability to access crucial knowledge and exchange and integrate that knowledge in ways that enhance both project performance outcomes and project budget adherence. In so doing, we hope to open up new avenues for research on how expressing negative emotions in project teams can help in building knowledge creation capabilities and drive multiple performance outcomes. © 2016 Elsevier Ltd and Association for Project Management and the International Project Management Association.

Enhancing emotion perception, a fundamental component of emotional intelligence: Using multiple-group SEM to evaluate a training program

Article

Full-text available

Jun 2016
PERS INDIV DIFFER

This study evaluated a training program designed to improve the ability to perceive emotions in others, a component of ability-based emotional intelligence (EI). Participants, 105 students of business administration and management, were randomly assigned to a training group or a control group (time management training). The training lasted one day and was followed by 4 weeks of online training. Participants completed the MSCEIT before training and 1 month and 6 months after training. Multiple-group SEM analyses of latent means found that the ability to perceive emotions in others using the faces task of the MSCEIT improved in the training group but did not improve in the control group. Latent moderated SEM analyses found that participants who were high in agreeableness benefitted more from the intervention than those low in agreeableness, and a similar moderating effect was found for conscientiousness. Training effects were stable after 6 months. Training did not change scores on the MSCEIT pictures task. These results suggest that the ability to perceive emotions in others can be improved through training, but that personality traits moderate the effectiveness. Potential applications for such training are discussed.

Performance under stress

Book

Full-text available

Jan 2008

The world is a dangerous place and recent events have served to make it less safe. There are many arenas of conflict and even combat across the world. Such situations are the quintessential expression of stress; you stand in imminent danger and live with the knowledge that you may be attacked, injured or even killed at any moment. How do people perform under these conditions? How do they keep a heightened level of vigilance when nothing may happen in their immediate location for weeks or even months? What happens when the bullets actually start flying? How is it you distinguish friend from foe, and each from innocent bystanders when in immediate peril of your life? Can we design technology to help people make good decisions in these ultimately hazardous situations? To what degree does your membership in a team act to dissipate these particular effects? Can we generate sufficiently stressful field exercises to simulate these conditions and can we train and/or select those most able to withstand such adverse conditions? How will the next generation of servicemen deal with these inherent problems? These are the sorts of questions that Performance Under Stress addresses. This book is derived largely from a multiple-year, multiple university initiative (MURI) on stress and soldier performance on the modern, electronic battlefield. It involved leading researchers from many institutions who have brought their individual expertise to bear on these crucial, contemporary concerns. United by a common research framework, these groups attacked the issue from different methodological and conceptual approaches, ranging from traditional laboratory modeling and experimentation, to realistic simulations; from involved field exercises to personal experiences of actual combat conditions. The insights generated have been distilled and presented as a benchmark of current understanding and provide future directions for research in this arena. Although this work focuses on soldier stress and soldier performance, the principles that are derived extend well beyond this single application. Their findings can be applied to people facing the demands of the business world or research as much as to those who meet life or death situations, such as homeland security, first responders, and law enforcement personnel. © Peter A. Hancock and James L. Szalma 2008. All rights reserved.

Understanding the sources of information systems project failure (see BCS www.bcs.org/content/ConWebDoc/19584)

Article

Full-text available

Jun 2008

Previous research undertaken by the authors in 2002 highlights that only one in eight infor-mation technology projects can be considered truly successful (failure being described as those projects that do not meet the original time, cost and quality requirements criteria). Despite such failures, huge sums continue to be invested in information systems projects and written off, for example the cost of project failure across the European Union was 142 billion Euros in 2004. ‘Whilst our understanding of the importance of project failure has increased, many of the un-derlying reasons for failure still remain an issue and a point of contention for practitioners and academics alike. This paper examines through case research some of issues and casual factors of information systems project failure.

Mental health risks among nurses under abusive supervision: The moderating roles of job role ambiguity and patients' lack of reciprocity

Article

Full-text available

May 2015

While the nursing profession has been associated with mental health problems and the research into the antecedents of mental health has steadily grown, the relationship between abusive supervision and mental health issues of anxiety and depression remains largely unknown. This study aims to examine the relationship between abusive supervision and mental health problems. And we also aim to investigate whether this relationship is moderated by role ambiguity and the patients' lack of reciprocity. A total of 227 frontline nurses from two public hospitals completed the survey questionnaire. (1) Abusive supervision was positively associated with poor mental health; (2) the positive relationship was moderated by nurses' perceived role ambiguity in such a way that the relationship was stronger when the perceived role ambiguity is high; (3) the positive relationship was moderated by the patients' lack of reciprocity in such a way that the relationship was stronger when patients' lack of reciprocity was high. To conclude, the present study showed that abusive supervision was positively associated with mental health problems of anxiety and depression among samples of Chinese nurses. Findings of this study also highlighted that this relationship was contingent upon perceived role ambiguity and patients' reciprocity.

Does Agile work? — A quantitative analysis of agile project success

Article

Full-text available

Mar 2015
Int J Proj Manag

The Agile project management methodology has been widely used in recent years as a means to counter the dangers of traditional, front-end planning methods that often lead to downstream development pathologies. Although numerous authors have pointed to the advantages of Agile, with its emphasis on individuals and interactions over processes, customer collaboration over contracts and formal negotiations, and responsiveness over rigid planning, there are, to date, very few large-scale, empirical studies to support the contention that Agile methods can improve the likelihood of project success. Developed originally for software development, it is still predominantly an IT phenomenon. But due to its success it has now spread to non-IT projects. Using a data sample of 1002 projects across multiple industries and countries, we tested the effect of Agile use in organizations on two dimensions of project success: efficiency and overall stakeholder satisfaction against organizational goals. We further examined the moderating effects of variables such as perceived quality of the vision/goals of the project, project complexity, and project team experience. Our findings suggest that Agile methods do have a positive impact on both dimensions of project success. Further, the quality of the vision/goals is a marginally significant moderator of this effect. Implications of these findings and directions for future research are discussed.

Research on information systems failures and successes: Status update and future directions

Article

Full-text available

Feb 2014

Information systems success and failure are among the most prominent streams in IS research. Explanations of why some IS fulfill their expectations, whereas others fail, are complex and multi-factorial. Despite the efforts to understand the underlying factors, the IS failure rate remains stubbornly high. A Panel session was held at the IFIP Working Group 8.6 conference in Bangalore in 2013 which forms the subject of this Special Issue. Its aim was to reflect on the need for new perspectives and research directions, to provide insights and further guidance for managers on factors enabling IS success and avoiding IS failure. Several key issues emerged, such as the need to study problems from multiple perspectives, to move beyond narrow considerations of the IT artifact, and to venture into underexplored organizational contexts, such as the public sector.

Relationships between IT department culture and agile software development practices: An empirical investigation

Article

Feb 2019
INT J INFORM MANAGE

IT department culture has been widely recognized as an important factor that influences the adoption of agile practices. Yet, the research pertaining to the relationship between IT department culture and agile practices usage remains underexplored. This study proposes and tests the relationships between four competing cultural forms and two types of agile practices - social and technical. The findings contribute to the extant literature by integrating the competing values model of culture into the literature on factors affecting agile development at the IT department level.

Structural Equation Models with Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error: Algebra and Statistics

Article

Aug 1981

Several issues relating to goodness of fit in structural equations are examined. The convergence and differentiation criteria, as applied by Bagozzi, are shown not to stand up under mathematical or statistical analysis. The authors argue that the choice of interpretative statistic must be based on the research objective. They demonstrate that when this is done the Fornell-Larcker testing system is internally consistent and that it conforms to the rules of correspondence for relating data to abstract variables.

Influence of Project Partnering on Stakeholder Role Ambiguity and Project Manager Risk Perception in Information System Projects

Article

Dec 2016
Proj Manag J

Project partnering is an efficient management intervention for enhancing software project performance. Empirical studies have shown that project partnering can effectively reduce role ambiguity during project development; however, these studies focused only on user-related problems. We conducted a matched triplet questionnaire survey of 102 software project managers, users, and developers to examine how project partnering enhances project performance via the risk perception and role ambiguity of certain key stakeholders. Results demonstrate that project partnering affects managers’ risk perception and certain key stakeholders’ role ambiguity, which in turn influences project performance. The findings provide new insight into the impact of risk perception and role ambiguity on project management.

The Impact of Emotional Intelligence, Project Managers’ Competencies, and Transformational Leadership on Project Success: An Empirical Perspective

Article

Jun 2017
Proj Manag J

Project stakeholders always strive for a successful project, hence there is growing concern about the factors that influence project success. Although the success of a project is influenced by various factors, project managers play a very important role. This study aims to examine the relationship and impact of construction project managers’ emotional intelligence (EI), managerial competencies, and transformational leadership style on project success. A total of 107 Pakistani construction firms were studied with a view to measuring the effects of these variables on the overall performance of construction projects. The results show that project managers with high emotional intelligence who bear the desired competencies and exhibit transformational leadership behavior are effective leaders and ensure higher success in projects than their counterparts. The findings will assist project sponsors in selecting the appropriate project managers for their projects.

Perceptions of control legitimacy in information systems development

Article

Jun 2018
Inform Tech People

Purpose: Existing studies of information systems development (ISD) control commonly examine controller-centric considerations, such as the antecedents and performance impacts of control mode choices. In contrast, little is known about the controllee-centric factors that may influence the effectiveness of control activities. Drawing on institutional theory, the purpose of this paper is to introduce the concept of control legitimacy to the ISD literature – a concept that past organizational research has linked to outcomes such as employee commitment and performance. Specifically, the authors explore how different dimensions of control activities (mode, degree, style) relate to controllee perceptions of control legitimacy in terms of justice, autonomy, group identification, and competence development. Design/methodology/approach: Interviews were conducted with 20 practitioners across three companies. A structured data coding approach was employed and analysis was conducted within and across each case study. Findings: The authors find that the control degree and control style can help explain control legitimacy perceptions better than control modes alone. For example, the results suggest that formal controls enacted in a bilateral style correspond with higher perceptions of justice and autonomy, when compared to formal controls enacted in a unilateral style. Originality/value: The study results imply that ISD managers should be increasingly mindful of enacting controls in a way that is perceived to be legitimate by subordinates, thereby potentially enhancing both staff well-being and ISD performance.

Exploring the interaction between vertical and shared leadership in information systems development projects

Article

Nov 2017
Int J Proj Manag

Leadership is a critical issue in the management of information systems development (ISD) projects. Recently, the importance of shared leadership (SL) has been emphasized alongside traditional vertical leadership (VL). Based on role theory, this study investigates the interactions between VL and SL within ISD project teamwork. We first propose value diversity reduces system quality by preventing a project team from adopting SL strategies. We further hypothesize that interventions by the formally assigned leader will ease the negative impact of value diversity on SL, and provide remedies when the effectiveness of SL is low. We tested these concepts using data collected from 90 ISD teams, and the results aligned well with our expectations (1) that SL partially mediates the negative impact of value diversity on system quality, and (2) that effective VL can both mitigate the adverse impacts of value diversity on SL, and stabilize teamwork when SL is absent.

Associations between the Effort-Reward Imbalance model of workplace stress and indices of cardiovascular health: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Article

Oct 2017
NEUROSCI BIOBEHAV R

Work stress can increase the risk of cardiovascular disease by 50%, with increasing research focusing on the underlying mechanisms responsible for these associations. Our meta-analysis assessed the associations of the effort-reward imbalance (ERI) workplace stress model with indices of cardiovascular disease. The search term ‘effort*reward*imbalance’ produced 22 papers (129 associations, N = 93,817) meeting inclusion criteria. Greater ERI was most associated with increased hypertension (r = 0.26, p < 0.001, N = 1180), intima media thickness (r = 0.23, p <.001, N = 828) and fibrinogen (r = 0.13, p = 0.03, N = 4315). Trait over-commitment was most associated with increased hypertension (r = 0.24, p =0.02, N = 899) and intima media thickness (r = 0.19, p = 0.02, N = 828). Interventions aimed at reducing the impact of ERI and over-commitment on cardiovascular disease should consider concurrently assessing changes in physiological markers of cardiovascular disease.

Promoting the continuing usage of strategic information systems: The role of supervisory leadership in the successful implementation of enterprise systems

Article

Oct 2017
INT J INFORM MANAGE

Organizations face significant challenges in capturing value from their investments in strategic information systems such as enterprise systems (ES). Managers are a powerful source of influence shaping the post-adoption attitudes and behaviors of users and the success of ES. However, the extant IS literature has focused primarily on the role of top management and theoretical explanations of the role of supervisors in fostering continuing usage of ES are lacking. Drawing on transformational leadership theory and the IS continuance (ISC) model, this paper conceptualizes a theoretical model differentiating the influence mechanisms through which different types of leadership behaviors influence the success of ES. Data collected from 192 users of ES confirms our theorization. We find that transformational leadership behaviors of supervisors influence users’ evaluations of satisfaction and perceived usefulness, while their transactional leadership behaviors influence users’ ES continuance intention by moderating the effects of user satisfaction and perceived usefulness on ES continuance intention. This study advances research on the role of leadership behaviors of supervisors in capturing value from enterprise systems. The research also contributes to practice by suggesting effective strategies for promoting continued usage of mission critical systems such as enterprise systems and delivering value from firms’ IT investments.

Mapping IS failure factors on PRINCE2® stages: an application of Interpretive Ranking Process (IRP)

Article

Apr 2017

The social, political and cultural issues faced by organisations and their senior management team in the delivery and adoption of strategic projects, is highly complex and problematic. Despite a mature body of literature, increasing levels of practitioner certification, application of standards and numerous government initiatives, improvements in success have been minimal. In this study, we analyse the key underlying factors surrounding the failure of Information Systems (IS) projects and explore the merits of articulating a narrative that focuses on senior management embracing practical pessimism. Specifically, we develop a hypothesis supported by empirical study that leverages expert’s views on the dominance and interrelationships between failure factors within PRINCE2® project stages using an Interpretive Ranking Process. Our findings establish how the concept of dominance between individual failure factors can necessitate senior management to make key informed and timely decisions that could potentially influence project outcomes based on an empirical derived, interpretive predictive framework.

The Influence of Project Commitment and Team Commitment on the Relationship Between Trust and Knowledge Sharing in Project Teams

Article

Apr 2017

The purpose of the study is to enhance our understanding of the relationship among trust, commitment, and knowledge sharing in project teams. We examine how trust directly and indirectly affects knowledge sharing. We include two different foci of commitment that are highly relevant to project teams: team commitment and project commitment. A mediation analysis is conducted on data from 179 project team members in 31 Norwegian construction project teams. Our results suggest different effects of the two foci of commitment, indicating that, in a project team context, project commitment is more important for knowledge sharing than team commitment.

PLS-SEM: indeed a silver bullet

Article

Jan 2011

Emotions in the Workplace

Article

Apr 2017

Beginning in the 1990s and following decades of neglect, what came to be referred to as the Affective Revolution has radically transformed our understanding of the role played by emotion in organizational psychology and organizational behavior (OPOB). In this article, we review the field of emotion in the workplace from different perspectives, corresponding to five discrete levels of analysis: (a) within-person temporal effects, (b) between-person (personality and attitudes) factors, (c) interpersonal behaviors (perception and communication of emotion), (d) group level (leadership and teams), and (e) organizational level (culture and climate). Within these perspectives, we address the importance of affective events theory (AET) and its interaction with emotional intelligence, emotional labor, and emotional contagion, as well as the role of emotion in leadership and organizational culture and climate. We conclude by presenting an integrative model that shows how the five levels are linked, followed by disc...

Exploring Different Operationalizations of Employee Engagement and Their Relationships With Workplace Stress and Burnout: EXPLORING DIFFERENT OPERATIONALIZATIONS OF EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT

Article

Dec 2016

Many empirical studies of employee engagement show positive relationships with desirable work-related outcomes, yet a consistent understanding of the construct remains elusive (Saks & Gruman, 2014). We propose that this lack of clarity is leading to an increased risk that employee engagement is becoming overly generalized and that, as a consequence, its utility in both theory and practice is compromised. Indeed, our study of 472 information technology (IT) professionals working in community hospitals reveals that, even though the two measures of employee engagement examined in this study are conceptually based on Kahn's (1990) needs-satisfaction framework, they are nomologically different, evidence different predictive properties (with regard to workplace stress and burnout), and suggest different workplace interventions. As hypothesized, both measures of employee engagement reveal negative relationships with workplace stress, and burnout has a mediating effect on those relationships. Further, the relationships are significantly different, but these differences are understood only when examining the dimensional levels of each engagement measure. Our findings also clarify the highly debated relationship between employee engagement and burnout and challenge those engagement measures that are conceptually grounded in a burnout-antithesis framework. Implications and avenues for future research are presented.

An assessment of the use of partial least squares structural equation modeling in marketing research

Article

Jan 2011

FEELING AND BELIEVING: THE INFLUENCE OF EMOTION ON TRUST.

Article

Aug 2003

We demonstrate that incidental emotions (e.g. anger stemming from an argument with your spouse) influence trust in unrelated settings (e.g. the likelihood of trusting a co-worker). Incidental happiness and gratitude increase trust, and incidental anger decreases trust. Other-person control appraisals mediate this relationship, and trustee familiarity moderates this relationship.

Information systems project failure – analysis of causal links using interpretive structural modelling

Article

Aug 2016

The analysis of the root causes of information systems project failure has been the subject of intense scrutiny for some time within industry and the academic community. Researchers have developed various models, notions of failure and categorisations to succinctly classify project failure into a set of key factors for organisations and project managers to focus on in their attempts to avoid failure. This study incorporates a technique titled: interpretive structural modelling as the methodology to formalise the relationships between the selected failure factors. This approach is positioned as a mechanism that can yield greater insights into the relationships between the factors surrounding project failure, thereby developing a better understanding of how these relationships can have a bearing on project outcomes. The findings identify key driving variables that are presented as having significant impact on the other factors within the model. A number of variables are also identified as being heavily dependent on other connected factors highlighting that a failure in one or more of these connected factors is likely to result in a failure in one or more of the dependent factors unless timely steps are taken to address these key issues. This research details a number of practical implications for senior management and project managers as well as the academic community. These considerations form an underlying thread within this study as specific practice-related implications are highlighted and discussed throughout the study.

Trust and Project Success: A Twofold Perspective between Owners and Contractors

Article

Jun 2016

This research examines the role and nature of the influential relationship between trust and project success in construction projects by using structural equation modeling (SEM) and a large-scale questionnaire survey. Such a relationship is investigated based on three key components: six antecedents of trust as independent variables (reputation, competence, integrity, communication, reciprocity, and contract), two types of trust as mediating variables (calculative and relative trust), and project success as a dependent variable. The results differentiate and compare the perceptions of trust for both owners and contractors in terms of their priority for antecedents of trust, the influential mechanism that connects trust with project success, and the numerical relationship between calculative trust and relational trust. For both parties, relational trust generates a higher impact on project success than calculative trust, but contractors perceived the relationship between relational trust and calculative trust as being linear while owners believed such a relationship is a quadratic function. This research provides new evidence to support the development of trust theory in the construction industry, and it can also help construction practitioners and policymakers to better understand the development and management of trust in the construction industry.

Article

May 2016
Int J Nurs Pract

Nurses experience high levels of work related stress and burnout as well as low job satisfaction and poor general health owing to the nature of their work. This paper seeks to provide a better understanding of the nature of relationships between work related stress, burnout, job satisfaction and general health of nurses over one year. This study involved a longitudinal design. Two hundred and seventy seven nurses from four hospitals completed a follow up survey consisting of five questionnaires. Data were collected between 2013 and 2014. The data were analysed using generalized estimation equation analysis. Lack of support was associated with burnout, patient care was associated with job satisfaction and staff issues were associated with general health of nurses. Burnout is more strongly related to job satisfaction than general health. The findings of this study could inform evidence based policy and practice through interventions aimed at improving job satisfaction and reducing the impact of burnout on general health of nurses.

Does organizational identification lead to information system success?

Article

Jan 2013

Research on organizational identification (OI) has increased dramatically in the various fields during the past decade, but little is known about OI in the area of information systems (IS). This study explores the effect of OI on perceived usefulness and end-user satisfaction as a precedence of IS success at the individual level. A total of 135 useful responses were analyzed by using the partial least squares method. Our results supported the hypothesized relationships: namely, that OI was positively related to satisfaction and perceived usefulness. The results call for managers to pay attention to the importance of OI during the implementation and post-implementation phases of an IS.

Occurrence and function of trust in construction projects from the view of the contractor

Article

Feb 2012

On the foundation of literature review, trust has been classified into calculative trust and relational trust. A whole theoretical model including antecedents of trust, trust and project success has been set up. Investigation was carried out in the contractor. According to empirical data's fitting result in structural equation model, the theoretical model has been amended, and a best fit theoretical model has been formed. There are conclusions as follows: antecedents of trust conclude the characteristics of the trustee (reputation, competency and promise-keeping) and the relationship between the trustor and the trustee (communication, reciprocity and contract). Calculative trust has linear function on relational trust and both calculative trust and relational trust have vital function on project success, but relational trust's function coefficient is stronger.

Influence of managerial control on performance in medical information system projects: The moderating role of organizational environment and team risks

Article

Jan 2016
Int J Proj Manag

The relationship between managerial control and performance has been extensively investigated in literature. However, in the context of medical information systems (IS) projects, this topic has received little attention. Furthermore, the integrated effects of organizational environment and team risks, as well as managerial controls on the performance of medical IS projects have never been examined. The present study attempts to bridge these gaps using data on 195 medical IS projects from 160 hospitals. Our empirical results demonstrate that behavior, outcome, and clan controls positively affect the performance of medical IS projects. By contrast, self-control is insignificantly related to performance. This finding reveals that in medical IS projects, the effectiveness of managerial controls varies. Not all control modes significantly influence the performance of medical IS projects. Effective control modes should therefore be prioritized over ineffective control modes for such complex projects. Moreover, organizational environment and team risks diminish the effects of behavior, outcome and clan controls on performance in medical IS projects, which implies that project performance relies on the integrative influence of controls and risks, and the exercise of control should consider the mitigation of risks from both client and development team sides in medical IS projects.

Corruption as a source of e-Government projects failure in developing countries: A theoretical exposition

Article

Feb 2016
INT J INFORM MANAGE

Adel M. Aladwani

While the literature has touted e-Government as a tool for combating corruption, no study has discussed so far how corruption could influence e-Government project failure. This article tries to fill part of this void in past research by proposing a contextual framework that highlights the role corruption plays in stimulating the failure of e-Government projects in developing countries. Informed by prior relevant literature on general systems, organizational information processing, corruption, as well as e-Government, the proposed framework argues that the prevalence of corruption in developing economies could restrict moral and governance capabilities of administrative systems overseeing e-Governments in a way that could lead to the failure of these entities to produce initiatives that meet stakeholders' expectations. This theoretical study discusses this idea and underscores the value of the suggested framework for guiding scientific inquiries into this important topic and helping the public officials interested in planning, managing, and auditing e-Government initiatives.

Contextualized Relationship Between Knowledge Sharing and Performance in Software Development

Article

Apr 2015

We study how the knowledge that software developers receive from other software developers in their company impacts their performance. We also study the boundary conditions of this relationship. The results of our empirical study indicate that receiving knowledge from other software developers in the company is positively related to the performance of the knowledge-receiving software developers. Moreover, this relationship was stronger when the software developers had high rather than low task autonomy, when they had high- rather than low-quality social exchanges with their supervisors, and when the software development firms used formal knowledge utilization processes. Theoretically, these results contribute to a better understanding of the processes through which software developers utilize the knowledge that they receive from their peers in the firm. Practically, they show software development firms how emphasizing the task, social, and institutional dimensions of the software development process can help them increase knowledge utilization and performance in software development.

THE ROLE-SET - PROBLEMS IN SOCIOLOGICAL-THEORY

Article

Jun 1957

Robert K. Merton

The abstract for this document is available on CSA Illumina.To view the Abstract, click the Abstract button above the document title.

Trust in Management and Performance: Who Minds the Shop While the Employees Watch the Boss?

Article

Oct 2005

Researchers for decades have believed that trust increases performance, but empirical evidence of this has been sparse. This study investigates the relationship between an employee’s trust in the plant manager and in the top management team with the employee’s in-role performance and organizational citizenship behaviors (OCB). Results support a fully mediated model in which trust in both management referents was positively related to focus of attention, which, in turn, was positively related to performance. The results raise questions about appropriate levels of analysis for outcome variables. Trust is mandatory for optimization of a system.... Without trust, each component will protect its own immediate interests to its own long-term detriment, and to the detriment of the entire system.- W. Edwards Deming (1994) Over three decades ago, Argyris (1964) proposed that trust in management is important for organizational performance. Recognition of the importance of trust in organizational relationships has grown rapidly in recent years, evidenced by a large number of publications on the topic addressing both academic and practitioner audiences (e.g., Annison & Wilford, 1998; Fukuyama, 1995; Mishra, 1996; Shaw, 1997). In spite of this interest, difficulties in defining and operationalizing trust have hampered the empirical study of its relationship with performance.

Trust antecedents: Emotional intelligence and perceptions of others

Article

Mar 2015
Int J Organ Anal

Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine if teachers’ trust in others is predicted by their perceptions of others and their emotional intelligence. Employees need to trust others to achieve outcomes, and a lack of trust can have a negative impact on workplace performance. Design/methodology/approach – The paper surveys a sample of 84 employed teachers. Findings – Our findings show that perceptions of others’ ability, benevolence and integrity are strongly and positively associated with trust. The emotional intelligence ability to perceive emotions is also related to trust. Regression analysis showed that perceptions of others (ability and integrity) and an individual’s emotional intelligence (perceiving) combined to predict a large portion of the variance in trust. Originality/value – The majority of trust research examines employee-to-manager trust. Our study is one of the few to examine trust among co-workers. This study also contributes to research on the emotional intelligence and trust relationship by showing that the ability to perceive one’s own and others emotions significantly predicts increases in trust. It also reaffirms that perceptions of others’ integrity and ability are strongly linked to trust, but that further investigation of the benevolence construct is required.

Forty years of research on personality in software engineering: A mapping study

Article

May 2015
COMPUT HUM BEHAV

In this article, we present a systematic mapping study of research on personality in software engineering. The goal is to plot the landscape of current published empirical and theoretical studies that deal with the role of personality in software engineering. We applied the systematic review method to search and select published articles, and to extract and synthesize data from the selected articles that reported studies about personality. Our search retrieved more than 19,000 articles, from which we selected 90 articles published between 1970 and 2010. Nearly 72% of the studies were published after 2002 and 83% of the studies reported empirical research findings. Data extracted from the 90 studies showed that education and pair programming were the most recurring research topics, and that MBTI was the most used test. Research related to pair programming, education, team effectiveness, software process allocation, software engineer personality characteristics, and individual performance concentrated over 88% of the studies, while team process, behavior and preferences, and leadership performance were the topics with the smallest number of studies. We conclude that the number of articles has grown in the last few years, but contradictory evidence was found that might have been caused by differences in context, research method, and versions of the tests used in the studies. While this raises a warning for practitioners that wish to use personality tests in practice, it shows several opportunities for the research community to improve and extend findings in this field.

Emotional intelligence: The key to mitigating stress and fostering trust among software developers working on information system projects

Abstract

No full-text available

Recommended publications

An exploratory study of risks in information system development projects: using association rule min...

Framework Programmable Platform for the Advanced Software Development Workstation: Preliminary syste...

Improving Analysis Pattern Reuse in Conceptual Design: Augmenting Automated Processes with Supervise...

Understanding misunderstandings [in complex information systems development]