ORC Heat-to-Power Systems: Thoughts on Codes, Standards, and Regulations

Abstract

We need to plan our effort to develop required ORC codes, standards, and regulations. Why? Because today, every country has their own codes, standards, and regulations that apply to ORC components and systems. It makes sense to unify and harmonize these disparate regulations. A few generally applicable international standards exist (ISO, IEC, International Fire Code, etc.) A few related international standards exist (ISO 27.040: gas and steam turbines; steam engines). No international standards exist for ORC components or systems. This paper lays out the path forward for the ASME IGTI ORC Power Systems Committee, Technical Subcommittee on Standards and Regulations.

Full text

© 2014 Concepts ETI, Inc. All rights reserved.
ORC HEAT-TO-POWER SYSTEMS:
THOUGHTS ON CODES,
STANDARDS, AND REGULATIONS
2nd Meeting of the ASME IGTI ORC Power Systems Committee
Technical Subcommittee on Standards and Regulations
ASME Turbo Expo 2014
CCD Congress Center | Düsseldorf, Germany
Tuesday, June 17, 2014, 6 to 8 PM CET
Keith D. Patch
ORC Product Manager
Concepts NREC (CN )
+1 (781) 937- 4616
kpatch@conceptsnrec.com

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© 2014 Concepts ETI, Inc. All rights reserved.
Copyright Statement
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© 2014 Concepts ETI, Inc. All rights reserved.
CN is a 50 year-old company,
with ≈100 employees
72 patents granted, 19 patents pending
39 employees have advanced college
degrees
ORC engineering experience: from the
early 1970s to the present time
Keith D. Patch is a 25+ year veteran
of the energy field
Waste heat recovery, fossil fuels,
biomass, fuel cells, lithium-ion
batteries, and nuclear instrumentation
Residential-, commercial-, industrial-,
and utility-scale
Introduction
Typical CFD Turbine Analysis Results

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© 2014 Concepts ETI, Inc. All rights reserved.
We need to plan our effort to develop required ORC
codes, standards, and regulations
Why?
Today, every country has their own codes, standards, and
regulations that apply to ORC components and systems
It makes sense to unify these disparate regulations
A few generally applicable international standards exist
ISO, IEC, International Fire Code, etc.
A few related international standards exist
ISO 27.040: gas and steam turbines; steam engines
No international standards exist for ORC components
or systems
Problem Statement

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Initially focus on standards/regulations for ORC system components
Valves, pumps, heat exchangers, expanders, etc.
Next focus on equipment standards/regulations for ORC
subsystems
Subsystem = expander + heat exchangers + pump + piping
•Might not include heat source and cooling source supplies
Two types of standards/regulations
•Equipment
•Performance determination
Next focus on equipment standards/regulations for complete,
installed ORC systems
System = expander + heat exchanger + pump + piping + heat source +
cooling source
Two types of standards/regulations
•Equipment
•Performance determination
Potential ORC Workgroup Direction

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Draft complete list of necessary codes and standards
Components, subsystems, and complete systems
Investigate adopting generally applicable international
standards
Electrical, mechanical, fire safety, safety, etc.
Investigate modifying related international standards
Modify ISO 27.040 steam turbine and steam engine standards to
meet ORC requirements?
Investigate modifying related national standards
If no international standard is available
If the national standard is more applicable to ORC systems
Write new ORC standards
Borrowing from existing standards, as appropriate
Suggested Outline of Work

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Perhaps select a basis similar to ISO gas turbine
standards
Single operating point – with corrections?
Perhaps select a specific number of operating points?
Various heat source temperatures?
Various heat sink temperatures?
Perhaps compare performance as a percentage of
Carnot efficiency?
Comments?
ORC Subsystem and
System Performance Thoughts

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CSA B52-05 – Mechanical Refrigeration Code
Piping, pressure relief valve locations, etc.
ANSI/UL (IEC) 60335-2-34, Standard for Household and
Similar Electrical Appliances, Part 2: Particular
Requirements for Motor-Compressors
Including hermetic refrigerant motor-compressors
EU Directive 96/61/EC – Integrated Pollution Prevention
and Control (IPPC)
The IPPC Directive
Specifies “Best Available Techniques” (BAT)
Examples

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ISO 817:2014 – Refrigerants –
Designation and Safety Classification
2008 Hydrocarbon Working
Fluid (Propane) Explosion/
Fire in New Zealand
Our industry has to avoid
undesirable events and publicity

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© 2014 Concepts ETI, Inc. All rights reserved.
Problem statement: what we need to do as a workgroup
Potential ORC workgroup direction
Components, subsystems then complete systems
Suggested outline of work
Make a list
Adopt, modify, write new
Examples given of codes, standards, and regulations
Bottom line, we do not want to have to adhere to steam
boiler code requirements
Summary