![Johari Window According to figure 2 there are four important classifications in the Johari window method: 1. open, meaning someone can be open to others and can communicate very well 2. blind, someone who looks more inside himself and has a little difficulty communicating with others 3. hidden, meaning someone who has an ulterior motive in communicating with others 4. unknown, meaning someone who cannot understand himself and others, so this becomes a big problem in his interactions with others [7]. After we understand the Johari window method, figure 3 shows the process of research that is carried out to produce a wise leadership framework:](https://www.researchgate.net/publication/331570745/figure/fig2/AS:733851290701828@1551975190359/Johari-Window-According-to-figure-2-there-are-four-important-classifications-in-the_Q320.jpg)
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Indonesian Journal of Information Systems (IJIS)
Vol. 1, No. 2, Februari 2019
119
Gamayanto, Christian,Wibowo,Setiadi,Purnamasari,Sukamto (Developing “Leadership Inteligence (CI2) Framework”
Inside Social Media to Develop an Ethical Leader using the Johari Window Method)
Developing “Leadership Intelligence (CI2) Framework”
Inside Social Media to Develop an Ethical Leader using the
Johari Window Method
I Gamayanto*1, H Christian2, S Wibowo3, D R I M Setiadi4, D Purnamasari5, T S
Sukamto6
1,3,6Faculty Of Computer Science, Department Of Information Systems, Dian Nuswantoro
University, Imam Bonjol 207, Semarang, Indonesia, Phone: (024)3517261, Fax: (024)3569684
2ATEK FOODS – Suppliers, Pasar Glodok Los LKS 202-203, Jakarta, Indonesia Phone:
(+62216622119)
4,5Faculty Of Computer Science, Department Of Informatics Engineering, Dian Nuswantoro
University, Imam Bonjol 207, Semarang, Indonesia, Phone: (024)3517261, Fax: (024)3569684
E-mail: indra.gamayanto@dsn.dinus.ac.id*1, xcoolzy.henrychr@gmail.com2,
sasono.wibowo@dsn.dinus.ac.id3, moses@dsn.dinus.ac.id4,
devi.purnamasari@dsn.dinus.ac.id5, titien.suhartini@dsn.dinus.ac.id6
Masuk: 30 Januari 2019, direvisi: 18 Februari 2019, diterima: 24 Februari 2019
Abstrak. Pada saat ini kepemimpinan dan media sosial merupakan dua hal yang tidak dapat
dipisahkan. Media sosial menjadi sebuah media teknologi informasi bagi para pemimpin untuk
dapat mengkomunikasikan apa yang menjadi visi, misi dan tujuannya. Oleh karena itu,
pemimpin harus dapat menggunakan media sosial secara efektif agar dapat mempengaruhi
masyarakat dengan apa yang menjadi pemikirannya. Masalah yang ditimbulkan pemimpin di
media sosial diklasifikasikan menjadi tiga tipe, yaitu: narsistik, kompulsif, dan paranoid. Tiga
hal ini menjadi masalah besar dalam kepemimpinan di media sosial dan oleh sebab itu,
dibutuhkan sebuah metode yang dapat menjawab permasalahan tersebut. Metode Johari
Window merupakan metode yang memiliki empat perspektif dalam mengembangkan empat
klasifikasi kepemimpinan yang meliputi Open Leaderships, Blind leaderships, Hidden
Leaderships, dan Unknown Leaderships. Jika tiga tipe dan empat klasifikasi ini disatukan
maka akan dihasilkan sebuah framework yang disebut sebagai “Leaderships Intelligence (CI2)
Framework”, yang berikutnya menghasilkan sebuah formula S= W.L2, di mana formula ini
akan dapat mengembangkan dan menghasilkan kepemimpinan media sosial. Jurnal ini
merupakan hasil pengembangan dari jurnal Developing “Culture Intelligence (CI3)
Framework” Inside Social Media Using Johari Window Methods. Riset ini akan terus
dilanjutkan sampai menghasilkan sebuah formula CI1 yang akan menggabungkan budaya dan
kepemimpinan menjadi sebuah formula media sosial dalam hal komunikasi, menciptakan
budaya positif dan pengaruh.
Kata kunci: media sosial; kepemimpinan; klasifikasi; komunikasi; teknologi informasi
Abstract. At this time, leadership and social media are two things that cannot be separated.
Social media becomes an information technology media for leaders to be able to communicate
about their vision and purpose. Therefore, leaders must be able to use social media effectively
in order to influence the community with what they think. There are three problems caused by
leaders in social media which are classified into three types such as narcissistic, compulsive
and paranoid. These three things become big problems in leadership on social media and
Indonesian Journal of Information Systems (IJIS)
Vol. 1, No. 2, Februari 2019
120
Gamayanto, Christian,Wibowo,Setiadi,Purnamasari,Sukamto (Developing “Leadership Inteligence (CI2) Framework”
Inside Social Media to Develop an Ethical Leader using the Johari Window Method)
therefore, we need the formula to solve the problems. The Johari Window method is a method
that has four perspectives in developing four leadership classifications such as open leaders,
blind leaders, hidden leadership, and unknown leaders. If these three types and four
classifications are put together, a framework will be produced called "Leadership Intelligence
(CI2) Framework", the next one will produce a formula S = W.L2, where this formula will
produce wise leaders on social media. This journal is the development of the journal
Developing "Framework Intelligence (CI3)" Inside Social Media Using Johari Window
Methods and The Development and Implementation of Wise Netizen (E-Comment) In
Indonesia. As a result, this journal will give an answer and solve the problem of an ethical
leader on social media and how to decrease a hoax that can affect the leader on social media.
This research will continue until it produces a CI1 formula that will combine culture and
leadership into a social media formula in generating positive communication, creating a
positive culture and making a big impact on society.
Keywords: social media; leadership; classification; communication; information technology
1. Introduction
Social media is a lifestyle that can no longer be separated in human daily life. Everyone has social
media to make a communication with others. According to Anjali S. Bal: "The biggest change in
society today is technology that has become one with everyday life" [1]. Moreover, there are some
problems when people have the freedom to express their opinions but do not have a clear ethical basis,
and even this becomes increasingly severe with the level of general and special knowledge. People
make comments that do not have quality in specific knowledge, so this can negatively affect the level
of spirituality, family, and mindset. This has happened very often and is even very common, so people
become accustomed to lifestyles, give negative statements, make unclear sentences, do not have
enough data, do not have a clear source, and do not provide a solution to existing problems. This
problem continues to develop and continues until it cannot be stopped to the limits that are deemed
appropriate, to no longer speak beyond the limits of patience and the limits of other people's feelings
must be maintained.
This journal is a development of The Development and Implementation of Wise Netizens (E-
Comment) in Indonesia journal. In this journal it says: "Solutions and data are the most important
things in social media - this is the power in communicating effectively and efficiently, good and not
good, and is a necessity in every social media user" [2]. Furthermore, journal Developing "Culture
Intelligence (CI3) Framework" Inside Johari Using, Social Media Window Methods said, "Forming a
positive culture on social media is a thing that must be done" [3]. Therefore, according to Christian
Fuchs: "Technology can improve quality in the community" [4]. Of course, this will continue to be
developed to find a bright spot in providing solutions to e-ethics and e-comments found on social
media. Furthermore, a few concepts in social media will be discussed in this journal and can provide
an e-ethics framework and e-comment that are useful for providing a way to communicate online and
offline.
In fact, the influence of information technology will be able to change the whole mindset,
attitude, character, and what is equally important is that it can change the culture of a country. Positive
changes will only occur if made in a structured and systematic manner and carried out consistently and
comprehensively. Changes that occur in the global world cannot be prevented and this will continue,
the level of influence can produce positive and negative impacts, all of them return to how we respond
to it in a positive way, not by negative ways. All of these positive ways will be able to have the
influence to the community. For instance, families must also understand how to use technology
properly and well and politely, ethically, morally so that children will be able to make better decisions
in their lives because it will effect to culture, community, and others. That is the way to live socially
with the media correctly and well. According to Maryan G. Billington said that "Social media presents
a new evolution in the way we communicate" [5]. Furthermore, Aaron Noland said that "Social media
connects us to new communities" [6].Moreover, in this journal honeycomb will be produced, where a
honeycomb framework is a collection of whatever happens in social media, this can be called data
Indonesian Journal of Information Systems (IJIS)
Vol. 1, No. 2, Februari 2019
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Gamayanto, Christian,Wibowo,Setiadi,Purnamasari,Sukamto (Developing “Leadership Inteligence (CI2) Framework”
Inside Social Media to Develop an Ethical Leader using the Johari Window Method)
paradigm. This paradigm data will be able to help leaders in social media in developing positive
strength in themselves. The result of this journal is to produce wise leadership in social media and how
leaders can make a big impact on society.
2. Methodology
The stages of research methodology are:
1. Conducting a survey of 100 people
2. Finding out the real problem, namely leadership in social media
3. Choosing a method namely Johari Window
4. Classifying the type of leadership
5. Producing wise leadership on social media
Figure 1 shows an explanation of the stages in the research methodology in details.
Figure 1. Step of Process
Figure 1 shows how we collect data and then find the real problem. Next is determining the method
and finding the formula and honeycomb framework, which is the result of innovation that we make,
and in the final results three important things will be produced: creating a positive culture, positive
impact on society on social media, and creating e-ethics & e-comments positively. This can be
explained in more detail as follows: first, The Johari window method is a flexible method, this method
has four important classifications such as open, blind, hidden, and unknown.
Figure 2. Johari Window
According to figure 2 there are four important classifications in the Johari window method:
1. open, meaning someone can be open to others and can communicate very well
2. blind, someone who looks more inside himself and has a little difficulty communicating with
others
3. hidden, meaning someone who has an ulterior motive in communicating with others
4. unknown, meaning someone who cannot understand himself and others, so this becomes a big
problem in his interactions with others [7].
After we understand the Johari window method, figure 3 shows the process of research that is
carried out to produce a wise leadership framework:
Indonesian Journal of Information Systems (IJIS)
Vol. 1, No. 2, Februari 2019
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Gamayanto, Christian,Wibowo,Setiadi,Purnamasari,Sukamto (Developing “Leadership Inteligence (CI2) Framework”
Inside Social Media to Develop an Ethical Leader using the Johari Window Method)
Figure 3. Social media framework in e-ethics and e-comment in producing positive online & offline
solutions for everyone
Figure 3 shows a framework and/or a process in social media. During this time, we might wonder,
what limits should be on social media. Second, this framework or process can be used to guide people
in using social media. The first process is to understand the functions of social media; second, accurate
data; examples that can be used and what solutions are prepared in advance before making a comment
both online and/or offline; third, ethics must be understood; fourth, high-quality comments; and
finally, what are the positive things that can be transmitted to people to make their lives better. All of
this is understood and done, then there will be no hoaxes because everyone can understand that
knowledge is a fundamental thing that should be owned first to comment, not comment but without
any data-examples and solutions. The next step is to classify leadership into three types such as
narcissistic, compulsive, and paranoid. These types are types that often occur in social media and we
will discuss them. The last step is that we will produce a formula and framework to produce wise
leaders in social media.
The method of data collection is done by survey and direct interview with 100 people, with five
important questions with scale to rate: 10-100 (10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, and 100)
1. Do you use social media regularly? (10-no; 20-sometimes; 30-fairly routine; 40-routine; 50-
dependent on mood; 60-moderately active, but unwilling to comment; 70-quite active and few
commenting; 80-active and communicate but only to people who are known; 90-are active and
often give comments; 100-are very active and communicate intensively with known and
unknown people;
2. Are leaders using social media able to communicate their intent and purpose well to
social media users? (10-no; 20-unclear; 30-negative; 40-only information; 50-a little clear;
60-quite clear; 70-just filling the mind, but not explaining; 80-clear, but still not understand;
90-clear, but only for his own sake, motivation just impress others; 100-clear and the interests
of the community being considered
3. Can leaders provide knowledge development to users of social media so that the
community can have good knowledge and information? (10-no; 20-negative; 30-a little
negative; 40-only information; 50-unclear; 60-quite clear, but not yet on target; 70-quite clear,
but like psychological motivation; 80-clear, but still lacking in details; 90- clear and explain
with details; 100-clear and develop public general knowledge
4. Do leaders provide good examples on social media, so you can learn a lot from their
example? (10 - no; 20 - very negative; 30 - quite negative; 40 - do not have an example to the
community; 50 - do not want to answer; 60 - good enough, but still unsure of the leader; 70 -
quite good, but still suspicious with ulterior motives; 80 - quite sure, but still have a little
doubt; good, must be proven by some concrete evidence; 100 very good and have high
integrity
5. Can leaders provide specific knowledge? (10-no; 20-very negative; 30-negative; 40-little
knowledge; 50-little knowledge and explanation; 60-only contains motivation; 70-does not
explain the details are: 80-enough to explain, but still lacking in details; 90-clear, but there are
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Inside Social Media to Develop an Ethical Leader using the Johari Window Method)
still no details on how to implement it; 100 clear and very helpful for the community in
applying the specific knowledge.
3. Results and Discussion
The results of the survey data from 100 people are as shown in table 1. Table 1 shows that there are 4
questions answers in negatively and has problems in believing leader.
Table 1 The results of survey
Questions
Number of
participants
Point (Range)
(10-100)
Results
Question 1: Do you use social media
regularly?
30 people
70 people
70
90-100
Good, there is no
problem
Question 2: Are leaders using social media
able to communicate their intent and
purpose well to social media users?
55 people
5 people
40 people
20-30
40
70
Problems find,
there are 55
people: 20-30
Question 3: Can leaders provide
knowledge development to users of social
media so that the community can have
good knowledge and information?
60 people
30 people
10 people
40-50
70
80
Problem find,
there are 60
people: 40-50
Question 4: Do leaders provide good
examples on social media, so you can
learn a lot from their example?
80 people
15 people
5 people
30-40
60
70
Problem find,
there are 80
people: 30-40
Question 5: Can leaders provide specific
knowledge?
85 people
15 people
40-50
70
Problem find,
there are 85
people: 40-50
From the results of this survey, we can find out that there are still some problems in leadership
especially in social media based on data collection:
1. People are still unsure of leadership, especially regarding integrity,
2. It does not explain the vision and mission clearly, so that the community does not understand
well and correctly,
3. There is no education in general and special knowledge, so that the community can be easily
controlled by certain feelings and situations.
As a result, we need to develop a framework to produce wise leaders shown in figure 4.
Figure 4. Johari Window & leaderships connected with three classifications of leadership in social
media
Figure 4 shows four classifications of leadership such as open leadership, blind leadership, hidden
leadership, and unknown leaders. Open leadership are leaders who are honest, integrity, respect, have
high competence, high general knowledge and special knowledge that is mastered very well. Blind
leadership is a leader who looks more in himself, communication is done quite well, is quite honest
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Inside Social Media to Develop an Ethical Leader using the Johari Window Method)
and open in some ways, has sufficient competence and sufficient knowledge. Hidden leaderships are
closed leaders, have motives that are difficult to predict, communication that is difficult to predict
whether this is a negative or positive factor. Unknown leadership is an unknown leader, meaning that
this type of leader has an unpredictable attitude, keeps his distance, does not know what his motives.
These four leadership classifications are related to what often happens in social media such as
narcissism, compulsive, and paranoid. These three things are things that often occur on social media.
In a narcissistic position, this type of leader always presents him excessively. This is a combination of
delusion, inferiority feelings, admiration, and external praise. According to AlineVater: “This type,
chronically, is trapped in itself, never satisfied with what it has now, using other people to lift its
image” [8]. Furthermore, this type, in the organization, feels more important than others and requires
attention and admiration from others with the achievements that they have achieved. Another
characteristic of a narcissistic leader is the exploitation of others to fulfil his personal desires and then
be used to show off him [8]. In the context of the project, this type of leader, always builds big
projects at a huge cost, only to show that he has more abilities than others do. Compulsive position,
this type of leader has demands that the organization run perfectly. Furthermore, this type of leader has
the attitude of status by looking to their superiors and wanting to give the impression that only they are
the best. The other side is this type wants to fully control their organization's environment and
suppress their anger, hatred, and dislike in them. This causes the organization to run rigidly and not
dynamically [9].
Paranoid position, this type of leader has a suspicious attitude, does not believe in others, secretly
steals the public's attention, is hostile without clarity, has excessive jealousy but cannot explain it.
Moreover, according to Alexander S. Bobrov: “These paranoid leaders also have fear, if their position
is threatened, so that they use any means to be able to maintain their position and not have trust in
their subordinates for fear of being captured” [10].
From the explanation above, this open-blind-hidden-unknown concept, if connected with the
concept of narcissistic-compulsive-paranoid can be seen in figure 5.
Figure 5. Formula leaderships and social media
According to Figure 5, the relationship between four leadership classifications and three types of
leadership in social media can be explained as follows.
1. Open leadership = Open narcissistic; open compulsive; open paranoid (ONCP)
2. Blind leaderships = Blind Narcissistic; blind compulsive; paranoid blind (BNCP)
3. Hidden leadership = Hidden narcissistic; hidden compulsive; hidden paranoid (HNCP)
4. Unknown leadership = Unknown narcissistic; unknown compulsive; unknown paranoid
(UNCP)
This relationship is a connection between classical leadership and leadership that has been influenced
by advances in information technology, especially social media. We need to develop a formula to
overcome the comments and ethics posed by leaders on social media. Moreover, we need to know
what limits leaders should have in order to be more effective in saying something because this will
have a huge impact on society. Furthermore, we need to create a formula that helps social media
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Inside Social Media to Develop an Ethical Leader using the Johari Window Method)
leaders and users to be able to express their comments in an ethical and wise manner. The framework
below will provide guidelines, how leaders can provide information effectively, provide and produce
high-quality comments, have ethical attitudes that can be emulated by users of social media, and how
leaders can develop other leaders on social media.
Figure 6. Wise leadership in social media
After we understand the leadership relationship and the Johari window method to produce four types
of classical leadership, which are then connected with the leadership of social media that has three
classifications, this can be described as follows. In figure 6, several phases must be passed to produce
wise leaders in social media. This stage can be explained as follows.
Phase 1: ONCP-BNCP-HNCP-UNCP
In phase 1, we will classify, the types of leadership on social media, into four types (a result of a
combination of four types of classical leadership and three types of leadership in social media in
general). From this combination, four types of leadership are produced, especially in social media:
1. Open narcissistic; open compulsive; open paranoid (ONCP)
Type ONCP is a leader who has a high level of openness, honest, and is able to overcome
problems with stable emotions (good self-control). On the other hand, this type of leader has a
big weakness in talking, so that it can lead to misunderstanding. The advantage in ONCP
leadership is its ability to convince others by using accurate data and evidence so that the leader
of this type on social media will be able to show that what he says can be justified, according to
Alyss M. Hudson: "People want to feel relationships with others" [11]. This type of leader can
provide that very well. Although it has several weaknesses to present themselves excessively
with statements that might be controversial, basically these weaknesses can be tolerated, if the
data provided is real.
2. Blind leaderships = Blind Narcissistic; blind compulsive; paranoid blind (BNCP)
This type of BNCP is a type of leadership that has several strengths such as it has strong
principles in itself, but the principle still has to be questioned, whether the principles it has can
be flexible to deal with certain situations and/or cases. This type, despite having a great
principle power, still has to develop openness in thinking, because the principles used are
supposed to be adopted by other principles so that it can produce creative problem-solving. On
social media, this type of leader displays the principles of openly, but on the other hand, the
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Gamayanto, Christian,Wibowo,Setiadi,Purnamasari,Sukamto (Developing “Leadership Inteligence (CI2) Framework”
Inside Social Media to Develop an Ethical Leader using the Johari Window Method)
weakness is too hard with the principles it has so that it creates misunderstandings and/or seems
not open to new ideas, so that it can lead to perspective negative to people who read their
writings on social media. Furthermore, this type can still be said to be quite positive in using
social media.
3. Hidden leadership = Hidden narcissistic; hidden compulsive; hidden paranoid (HNCP)
Type HNCP is a type of leader who has characteristics such as it is not open to his principles,
needs to question the data presented, says a lot of positive and negative things that are combined
with sentences that look good - but basically have negative intentions, has influence social
media users to follow their thoughts but tend to be negative, has a special group to spread the
concepts but has negative intentions and goals, and the positive side is: it is not too open, so it
is difficult for others to read, has high caution, and alert values, and is quite open and closed in
mystery.
4. Unknown leadership = unknown narcissistic; unknown compulsive; unknown paranoid
(UNCP)
UNCP type is the last type found in social media. This type has many negative factors, because
it has a very negative purpose. The main goal is to get benefits for themselves but to sacrifice
others. Provide information by vilifying others by attacking the person personally. The main
focus is to destroy one's good name in any way so that the goal can be achieved. There is no
positive thing to get from this type.
Phase 2: Honeycomb framework & leadership & social media
After we explain the four types of leadership in social media, then this can be related to several
principles that can develop leadership in social media. Honeycomb social media is a collection of
principles in social media. This principle can be applied in developing four types of leadership and this
can be explained as follows.
1. The first principle that leaders must have is “Exemplary”. According to Dimitrios C.
Christopoulos: "Leaders must have the charisma that comes from behavior, examples: good
performance and values, so that it can be emulated by the community" [12]. This principle is the
most important principle that must first be possessed by the four types of leaders in social
media. According to Jin-feng Uen: "Leaders must have good commitment and control of the
community" [13] so that this will increase four important things, Deidre McCaughey said:
"Innovation, connection, positive time, and social system" [14]. Ignorance means people who
can provide life examples, starting from synchronous words and deeds so that other people can
entrust their entire lives to be led by that person.
2. The second principle is “Data and facts”. According to Ahmed Al-Rawi: "Some facts get
comments like and dislike on social media" [15]. This principle has a big challenge for leaders,
the challenge is how a leader is able to present data and facts on social media, not just
expressions of feelings. If only the expressions of feelings are expressed, then this will lead to
negative friction within the community and increase the duping of knowledge resulting in a
society that has low knowledge. According to Michaela Jucan: "Social media connects us all
with four ways such as trust, collaboration, community, and opportunity” [16]. This can be
interpreted that the data and facts presented by the leader will increase trust or can reduce the
level of trust, further data and facts must not be manipulated just to please others but contain
lies that can cause future difficulties. A leader in social media must be able to explain and
present honest data and facts.
3. The third principle is “Humble, knowledge, and integrity”. In this section, the leader must
have a humble nature, where a leader learns from others and continues to improve whatever
attitudes are still lacking. The leader must have a level of honesty in the words and data
presented so that this will affect the people around him. Furthermore, knowledge is an important
thing that leaders must not forget. The leader must have general knowledge and specifically as
the basis of what is said on social media, if a leader only expresses feelings but does not have
the right data to present, it can be said to be the leader of the hoax. The real social media leader
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is a leader who is able to present data and facts that actually occur and how these facts should be
overcome by providing solutions. Humility means that a leader wants to open his heart and
mind to new things, and his actions and words are synchronous. Integrity means that a leader on
social media does not say things that trigger chaos in society and is able to control his emotions.
Knowledge means that a leader has broad general knowledge and special knowledge that is able
to change the mindset-character and attitudes of the community in facing the development of
information technology.
Phase 3: Wise Leaderships Formula
In this final stage, a special formula shown in equation (1) will be developed to develop the four types
of leadership in social media.
S = W.L2
(1)
The formula consists of several important components including: S=social media, W=wise,
L=leaderships, L1= Listening, and L2= Lead. The formula can be explained as follows: As a
preliminary explanation for this formula is: according to Jonathan Matusitz: "Globalization is a change
that occurs at the cultural level and this must be applied in the form of local culture" [17].
Furthermore, according to Mina Tsya Vogel said: Globalization changes almost all patterns of human
life, so before communicating on social media, a leader must be able to know himself first [18]. By
knowing himself well, there will be a good increase in performance in him so that experience will be
shared that can be shared with others [19][20]. Therefore, leaders must have good communication
skills on social media and can foster relationships in a flexible manner [21], so that this will be able to
overcome ability problems in human resources and generate strength in leadership and teach other
social media users in order to be wiser [22][23][24].
Figure 7. The Process of Leadership Intelligence (CI2) To Develop Wise Leader
Figure 7 shows the process from the beginning to the end and how one can become a wise leader on
social media. In the first stage, it was shown that Culture Intelligence (CI3) resulted in the
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classification of netizens previously discussed such as open netizens, blind netizen, hidden netizens,
and unknown netizens. The next process is to produce Leadership Intelligence (CI2) which classifies
netizens into several types of leadership on social media. The classification consists of four types of
leadership such as open leaders, blind leaders, hidden leadership, and unknown leadership and three
characteristics that underlie leadership such as narcissism, paranoid, and compulsive.
If this classification is supported, it will produce a formulation of four classifications of social
media leaders, referred to as ONCP, BNCP, UNCP, and HNCP. These four classifications have a
major impact on social media, where leaders can influence users of social media and even change little
by little the mindset, the character and attitude of a person. We call this process "reality perception"
(this is the good side) and "deceive perception" (it is not good). Reality perception means that leaders
can shape and develop society through social media by presenting the right facts and data so that
people can know and learn to give their opinions appropriately. Furthermore, leaders can build a new
culture in society by using its influence, and that influence must be a positive influence. Deceive
perception means that the leader presents false data and/or facts that cause chaos in the middle of
society so that a situation that contains each other is created, kill each other characters, there is no
tolerance and disparaging each other unethically. If this continues, chaos will occur on various factors,
such as economic factors, comfort factor, or other factors that will have a major impact on everyday
life and in the end this will be referred to as "Chaos in social media and life". Therefore, formula that
shown in equation (1) is a formula that can be used to be applied in developing social media
leadership.
Important concept: strong leader, half strong leader, weak leader, this can be applied as follows:
ONCP is a strong leader, BNCP: half-strong leader, HNCP: leaders who are in a half strong and weak
position, and UNCP: weak leader. ONCP which is the type of leader who strongly guides the BNCP
type to become a strong leader, this mentoring system includes: how a leader is able to lead the
community with the right data and facts, how to learn and/or listen to the community so that they can
find out what is the main problem in the community. From listening, data and facts can be generated
that can be synchronized with the data and facts possessed by the leader, given by his subordinates,
whether in accordance with facts and reality or just facts that are used to please the leader's ears and
eyes. Keep in mind that leaders do not just have the data provided by the lecturers below it but
occasionally have to see the facts directly in the field so that data and/or facts can be really on target.
The result is wise. Wise means that leaders have the right data, facts, high accuracy, use data, and facts
for the benefit of society, not just for their own sake. ONCP has a tough task, namely guiding the
BNCP type until it reaches the highest point of the formula, namely wise leader. After the BNCP
reaches a strong position in leadership, then the BNCP has the task of guiding the types of HNCP and
UNCP. BNCP can start first by guiding the HNCP type because this is the closest when HNCP can
change to like the BNCP, the BNCP can directly guide the UNCP and/or HNCP who have become the
new BNCP to guide the UNCP under the supervision of BNCP. This process is called the leadership
mentoring process, which is useful for producing new leaders [25]. After the mentoring process is
successfully implemented, the next step is the final stage of the process towards wise leaders on social
media. This stage can be explained as follows:
Leaders must have knowledge of information technology and social media. It is a very
unethical thing if, in today's era, leadership is held by people who have no knowledge of information
technology and/or social media. Leaders must have a technology-based mindset and understand what
impacts will arise in applying technology to their leadership [1]. If this is related to the formula in
equation (1), the explanation will be generated as follows: Social media leaders must be able to hear
and see what is happening on social media, but of course a leader must be able to filter out what
information can really be used and which information is useless and/or worthy of being ignored. The
next process is the ability to lead followers on social media in a positive way and can be useful to
develop the competence of their followers, in terms of general knowledge and special knowledge. If
this is done, wise leaders and leaders will be able to make a positive contribution to the public. This
process will be explained further in the next research.
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Comment, critics, solution. This section is the most important part that social media leaders must
have. A leader must be able to provide comments, criticisms and synchronous solutions [26]. This is a
development of input-process-output-feedback, and can be described as shown in figure 8.
Figure 8.The process of providing solutions on social media with focus and accuracy
Figure 8 shows the process of how should social media leaders use their inner potential to be able to
provide solutions for society. The first thing to note is that a social media leader should not express
something based solely on his feelings, but must be based on concrete facts and data, furthermore, a
social media leader must not only express half the truth of data and/or fact. On the other hand, feelings
may be expressed if those feelings have a strong basis based on data and facts that are supposed to
exist and/or occur [16]. A social media leader must be able to educate the public based on the truth of
data and facts rather than based on unstable emotions. The above process can be explained as follows:
Data and facts must be presented, but this alone is not strong enough to make people believe. A
social media leader must be able to express synchronously between data-facts and actual events. The
critical question is: can it be done? It can be done, provided that the data used is real data and not
manipulated so that it can fool the community [27][28]. Data must be based on two things: from the
leader, is based on the official and recognized the organization and the data derived from the previous
comparison and how the data must be obtained by the public [29]. On the other hand, it is not easy to
prove whether the data really comes from the truth, but we must believe that what a social media
leader has stated must have a big responsibility to give the truth. Data must be proven synchronously,
not based on feelings and emotions that are not stable and/or a motive is not good for maximum
personal gain.
Comments, comments that are raised by a social media leader must have the power of fact,
where comments that only express feelings and emotions, this proves the level of intelligence and
ability to lead the person, such as the formula that already exists, where there are factors lead and
listening [30]. Negative comments that are often stated are symbols that the social media leader has a
motive that is not good in him, only focuses on achieving personal desires without regard to, and does
not have a high level of competence. Too positive comments also reflect great confidence, which must
have limitations in it.
In the process of criticism, a social media leader must be able to express criticism that is right on
target and not just says things disagree. It's not normal for something to be normal, but if a leader says
he disagrees based on personal dislike, this is a symbol of social media leaders who have a very low
level of competence in leading and providing solutions. Criticism must be stated based on data and
facts and comparative data and/or concrete examples of what happened. This will prove that the leader
has studied the problem before saying criticism. Furthermore, this proves that a social media leader, is,
someone who understands and is able to focus on real problems not based on half the truth.
Appropriate criticism is a criticism that has a concrete example of what happened, so that learning
occurs for social media users, with the example of a case study, then here will get the right learning so
that people can improve their knowledge and are equally able to think of solutions.
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Inside Social Media to Develop an Ethical Leader using the Johari Window Method)
In the final result: the solution. The solution is a matter that has been decided through a long-
term process based on data and facts as well as comparative case examples, which are things that can
determine the future. We make this definition. A leader of social media is someone who focuses on
things that really matter, things that need to be ignored and things that are not important. The best
solution is a solution that has complementary data and facts, meaning a solution based on things that
have been done and succeeded; conceptual things - where the idea of innovation is an idea that is
feasible to apply; and things based on timely planning and execution. Someone who is only focused on
the problem and only focuses on negative things and looking for mistakes is someone who does not
have competence in solving problems and providing solutions. The most important thing in the
solution are in these several stages:
1. existing data and facts must be valid,
2. comparative case studies,
3. solid planning,
4. completion time that must be fulfilled,
5. the cost of completion must be realistic,
6. human resources that have high competence,
7. continuous improvement for these solutions by taking into account the advances in
information technology.
If the seven things are done consistently, the right solution will be obtained.
4. Conclusions
From the results of the analysis, the concept of leadership intelligence (CI2) can be summarized as
follows:
1. The leader has a special classification on social media including ONCP-BNCP-HNCP-UNCP.
This is the basis of classification developed from three types of leadership: narcissism,
paranoid, and compulsive, combined with Johari windows: open, blind, hidden, and unknown.
2. Honeycomb framework which is designed as any principles contained in social media is what
attitudes must be owned by social media leaders and/or what are the most important factors
that should be contained in the leader.
3. Formula shown in equation (1) is a formula created to be able to overcome problems in social
media, especially in the part of how a leader is able to communicate his vision and mission to
the community. This formula can improve the ability of leaders to improve their character;
how to communicate and influence other people on social media.
5. Recommendations
To be able to apply the concept of intervention leaders (CI2), a significant cultural change is needed.
This can be started from several stages, including:
1. Developing general and special knowledge as education is a major factor and will have a big
influence on the mindset.
2. Holding a workshop on using social media more wisely and how it has a positive and negative
impact on our lives. This is very necessary to get attention from the government and education
because it will change many factors. This will be explained in the next journal: CI1.
3. Socializing how to influence hoaxes and how to spread hoax news.
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