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Xerotyphlops vermicularis (Merrem, 1820), along the Bulgarian Black sea coast: a compilation of new and published records

Authors:
  • Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research
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Article
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In this study, we report two new localities of Xerotyphlops vermicularis from western and central Black Sea Region. With these records, the distribution of the species is extended about 90km to the north. The specimens were examined morphologically and compared with the relevant literature. In addition, on the basis of the new and literature records, the potential distribution of the species was modelled with ecological niche modelling. The main factors affecting the distribution of the species are the annual mean temperature (bio1, 55.3%), precipitation of driest month (bio14, 18.5%), and annual precipitation (bio12, 10.1%) and account for 84% of the distribution model.
Chapter
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In addition to archaeological and geological investigation of submerged prehistoric settlements in the harbour of Sozopol (southern Bulgarian Black Sea coast), two cores were analyzed for pollen and spores, dinoflagellate cysts, non-pollen palynomorphs, and micro-charcoal. The cores provide detailed information about the vegetation and climate of periods with abundant archaeological evidence. Four local pollen assemblage zones based on arboreal pollen/non-arboreal pollen (AP/NAP) ratios are distinguished. A detailed reconstruction of the past vegetation reveals the extent of anthropogenic influence on the area. Three AMS radiocarbon determinations show that the palaeoecological record starts at c. 4139 cal BC.The palynological and geoarchaeological data confi rm the existence of anthropogenic activity and settlement during the fi nal stage of the Late Eneolithic (c. 4100–3850 cal BC) and the second phase of the Early Bronze Age (c. 3500–2650 cal BC). These two archaeological cultural stages were interrupted for about 800–1000 years because of the rise in the level of the Black Sea, as suggested by the increase of euryhaline marine dinoflagellate cysts, and/or land subsidence.
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