Katalog der auf Herbarbelegen gebräuchlichen Abkürzungen Catalogus Abbreviationum in Schedis Herbariorum usitatorum

Abstract

Beim Bearbeiten historischer Herbarbestände ist man mit zahlreichen Abkürzungen auf handgeschriebenen Scheden und gedruckten Etiketten konfrontiert, deren Auflösung nicht selten große Mühe bereitet. Es wird in die Besonderheiten historischer Abkürzungen, Datumsangaben und die Verwendung Römischer Zahlen eingeführt. Ein ausführlicher Katalog listet Abkürzungen und deren Auflösung sowie Übersetzung auf, die im Rahmen des von der GEFD geförderten Projektes „Virtuelles Herbarium Bochkoltz“ und bei der Bearbeitung weiterer historischer Herbarbestände gesammelt wurden. —
Whilst processing historical herbarium specimens cryptic abbreviations on handwritten or printed labels often cause a lot of trouble as it is mostly difficult to resolve them. In this paper special characteristics of historical abbreviations are discussed, as well as different formats of date and the usage of Roman numerals. A detailed catalogue of abbreviations is presented with these abbreviations being resolved, translated and explained. The abbreviations have been collected within the project “Virtual Herbarium Bochkoltz” sponsored by the GEFD and during several studies of further historical herbarium material.

Full text

37
Anfang an nicht nur mit dem Problem konfron-
   

-


vertraut, stellt einen anfangs allein das Lesen

 
     
     

     
  -

-

 
     
      
       



   
-
 
  
-

 -
  -
   
   

-

2. Material und Methoden
      
    


    
Zusammenfassung:-


und gedruckten Etiketten konfrontiert, deren

-



      


   -

Abstract: Catalogue of common abbrevi-
ations on herbarium vouchers.  -



-
istics of historical abbreviations are discussed,
-

-

   
-





1. Einleitung
      
1


1 
Katalog der auf Herbarbelegen gebräuchlichen Abkürzungen
Catalogus Abbreviationum in Schedis Herbariorum usitatorum


38 
    
     
  -
 



  -
-
   
    
   
     
     -
      -
     
 
 


-

     
      
     -

     -

     
 -

    


 
2-

    
   
     

 -
3-
  


     

2 
3 
 
-

   

-


     
      -
      
 
  


3. Über Abkürzungen in der Handschrift
früherer Jahrhunderte
-

-




-



-

-

 
     

 

       
 -


    
      
-
      

-
  

-





Catalogus Abbreviationum
          
-

      
     
   


     
   
     
-

   

    
-
 -


a b c d


 
4. Datumsangaben und Römische
Zahlen
   
      
-
-

     -



-
    
-




-
  
-



     
       



      
-


  
 
-

-
    
-

    


      

-
-


5. Katalog/Catalogus
Aufbau der Artikel:-



 

angegeben ist, handelt es sich um eine lateinische
-
     
     
       
  

-
       
     -
     




   -

-
       

      
 
al
-

-

 


Symbole


!   -
     
        

     
    
-


Catalogus Abbreviationum

  
       

  -
    m       -
     
    
            

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

-
-

 

richtig benannt hat, selbst bestimmt, oder doch


verglichen und als vollkommen identisch be-
  -






 -
        
 
       
      
       
     


 
×  


-


-
-

dreifach vorkommen, um besonders reichliche




:: 

a.-


-


   -
   

-

   




-
-



       
 

*
     
-


+, †-


  


?


Bellis perennis
 -
 Bellis
perennis-

    
Bellis perennis
 Bellis
perennisBellis perennis
Bellis
perennis



   -
Amaranthus retroflexus
Ama-
ranthus retroflexus-


Catalogus Abbreviationum
a. s. m.       

abunde
     

ad

ad int.       -

ad ped.


 

adv.
aff.
  -
     -

     

affirmat/affirmavit
  -
  

alt.
    
       



alt. s. m.

altit.
      
     

altitudo

amiciss.-


anno
Alys-
sum montanum
anon.


ap.        

-




appr.      -

apric.     



apud

in dessen Herbar oder in einer Publikation von

arenos.
-


  
    


 
argill.
      

arid.


auct./auctt.-

auct. mult.-

auct. plur.

auctoris/auctorum-
-

viele Autoren, so findet man auch auctorum
multorum-
-
ter mit auctorum plurimorum

aus., aust., austr., austral.   -


        
-



australis -
 
-



 

-



Vulpia
gypsacea   
Poa annuare-
motiflora
b.
      

bor., boreal.
borealis-
-

  -

-



C
c.       


       

 -

      
        
     
        

-


c. fr.


c. b. s.

c. per.

c. spor.     

ca.
cal., calc., calcar.


    



-

Canton Kanton, administrative Ebene in der

   


Catalogus Abbreviationum
Cap. b. sp.

    

Caput bonæ Spei    


cc.     

centr.
cf., cfr.
     Coelocarpa

circ.
     

circa
circiter



circiter
cl., clariss.


       
     
 
col. 


coll.     -

collegit/collexit

collib.       



collis
colui/coluit


com-
      
    


     

com
com
comm., communic.    


-

communicavit    
-

        


     

-
   
      
  

  Dianthus
caesius        

   
-
-



Scleranthus-
    
 
       
Chr. oppositifolium
conf.    

confer     

   
        

confirm.

confirmat/confirmavit mit Personennamen:
   -

copia-




 
det., determ.

Acer monspessu-
lanummonspessulanum


Acer monspessulanum
determinavit    
 

-


detex.
    
     


       
-
   


diam.-

dies-

distr.-


distrib.-

dit.


     
      

   



dolomit. -

   



dt.


copiose/copiosissime  -
     -

copiosiss.


corr.-
     

Ct.


-

cult.
   
Alyssum montanum
cultivarietas, cultivar

  -


cultura 

cultus

cv. 
D
D

 
Alyssum montanum
d. d. d.


declivib.
     

ded.


dedit





Catalogus Abbreviationum


eductus


est!-

Ex.      


ex cult.

ex descr.
ex herb.


ex herb. hort. bot.



ex herbario

ex nat.-

ex num.
exemplum
exp. -
     
    -

exs., exsicc.-

 
exsiccataexsiccatæ (Pl.)

     
-
    exsic-
catus
ext.

F
f.-

dub.   -

dupl.

      


duplum-
-


E
e/ex  -
        




e descr.      
 
-


e dupl.
  

  

e herb.


e loc. class.-
 
-
-

     


e num.

-


e sem. berol.    
       -


 


flor.       
  

        




flora




   

flores

 -


floret, florebat   flores 
-

-



floruit
  
-

flos/flores
flum.


flumen

fo.
forma    -
     

    Equisetum variegatum 
forma tenera     

forsan

fr.





fasc.
-

fem.
fert.

fide-
  


fide herb.      

fig.
-

figura   -

fil.
filius
fin. 


fin dal. s. calc




fior., fiore     
-


fl.


-


   
       
   

fleur/fleurs     
      
     

Catalogus Abbreviationum



h. b., H. B.    
 


h. b. G.-

     

h. b. Univ. Mosq.
-

      

h. b. V.-
  -

h. p., h. P., H. P. -
 

     
      

hab., habit.    
        -
-



      
       
       

haud-

hb.

  -

hb. Berolin.-


      

HBV -
  -


fr. n. v.

freq.      

   Arabis
arenosa
frigid.


fruct.-



fructificat, fructificabat  
-

  
 -

fructus

 -



-

    -
F. estuca
crassifolia
g.    -

gen.
genus

glareos.

H
h.-
  



 
I
i.
Alyssum montanum
ign.
in litt.
in litt. e.-


in litteris-
 

in obs.      -

in sched.
      -
 -

    

-

-
     



Cnidium Reichenbachii



in syn.

indet.




ined.

ineditus-


       
-

infl.
ins.

herb.


herbarium    -

   
    
-

    

Hg., hg.  HgCl2
-
 -
ter Farbe angebracht, um darauf aufmerksam
     
    
   
-



hort.
 
     -



Acerleucophyllum
 
Hort. Bot. Pisanus


hort. paris.-
    


 
hortulanus      

 
hortulanorum
      

 A. creticum 

hortorum

hortus     -
     


Catalogus Abbreviationum
  
Festuca rigidior  

legi
direkt angegebenen Personennamen, sondern



     -
     Alisma
ranunculoides
legi ipse 
   

legit

   


       
  

lg. lgt.  

 

lin.
      


linea-


loc.
      
    

locus
   

M
m.

    
       



insula      -

insularis, -e

ipse
 
Alisma ranunculoides
ipse legi 


Alisma ranuncu-
loides
J
J. b. p.


Jlo.
     

Jno.
     

L
l.
         -
-
  

       
 
-

lapid.


lectus 
   -


leg.

   
 -
      

 
   
       -
  

monsmontes
montan. rupestr.


montos.

mt.

       

mte
      

mtis



mts


N
n.

     

 

N. B.!/NB!       -


n. v. -

  

nat.-

natura     

no.

nobis       -

 
        


m. p. / m/p    


m. s. m.

      Cardaminopsis
arenosa
mb.-
  -
-
  -
    

   

med.


      

mensmense-

Alys-
sum montanum
mer., merid.
meridionalis

-


metra supra mare

      

mh.-

mihi

ViolaarvensisViola bicolor arvensis

mis.
misit  
  -
 



Catalogus Abbreviationum
occidentalis 
  
  -



occur.  

or.
orb.
orb. nov.

orb. vet. -

orient.


orientalis 
-


P
p.pp.
P. B. S./pbs.  
      


P. B. Spei



p. m.

p. s. m.       


pag.   

      
      

paginapaginæ
pagus
    

nom.
     

nom. ined.     -

nom. nud.
     -

     

nomen      -

non


non rite publ.  
  -

  
non vidinon visus     
-

     

nullibi reperio!


numero  



O
obs.    

observatioobservationes 
     
     -

 

occ.       

occid., occident.   



 
pharmac.  
 -



pl.
pl. cult., pl. culta    

       
   

porphyr. -
  -

 Saxifraga sponhemica

pr.


prærupta-
prærupta calcarea
     

prat. alp.

        

prata mont.
       

promontorium    
     
-

Promontorium Bonæ Spei   



par.-

      
 

parochia    -
-



pasc.
       

ped.         



pedes supra mare   

per-



perig.

pes      
      

     


petros.
     

   -
 



Catalogus Abbreviationum
regio-
-

rev.      
      -



reverendissimus   
   
    

reverendus


revisit, auch revidit,
   -

rite  
  

 
rup.         


rup. alp.  
     


rupes  

Saxifraga sponhemica

rupestrib.      

     

rupestris
rupib.

rupibus


rupibus dolomit.    
  



pro syn. ad-

    V. tricoloris 

pro synonymon ad


prope

prov., provin.
     
Saxifraga sponhemica

prox.       

    -
   Arabis arenosa  

Pyr. -


Q
qu. sp.


-

R
r.rr.

rec.  -

-
-


   

reg.
reg. infer.

     


 
sec. asp.   -

sec. fac. -

secundum/secus -



secundum aspectionem/aspectum 
   -

secundum faciem
      -

segm.   


sem.


semensemines

sens.
sens. ampl.

   
Saxifraga caespitosa  sponhemica 

sens. auct.auctt. 
-

sens. lat.
sensu
   -
tornamen, dann besagt es, dass der Autor den



sens. str. 

sensu latissimo

sensu lato-

Hier-
acium Alchemilla


S
s.  
-

       

s. c.

s. calc.

s. d.-

s. l.s. lat.

s. ll.

s. m.

s. n.       
       -


s. s., s. str.

s. ss.   

sched.
scheda/schedula Etikett auf einem Herbar-
      
 
-
fen der Papyrus
     

-

schist., schistac.

   
      
 

schistuosus/schistaceus  



sec.

Catalogus Abbreviationum
sine numero
sive, seu
sol.


sol. cal., sol. calc., sol. calcar.-

   




solo calcareo 


solo granit.

unterschiedlicher Farbe mit grobkristalliner


solum      
solo

solum calcareum
-

sp.

sp. ined.-


spec.

Vulpiagypsacea



 
species   

specimen specimina  

spec. orig.-

spont. cresc.-

spontanea


-


sensu stricto-
 

HieraciumAlchemilla-
      -
     


sepib. umbros.-



sept.

septentrionalis
  -
 

ser.
seu, sive
sic



  

sine
sine collect.


 
sine collectore

        

 
sine dato -

sine die      

sine loco
sine nomine

 


 
sublimatus    -
   

subsp.
subspecies

supra mare

syn.-


     

synonymia


synonymon/synonymum 


-



T
t.-

tab.      -

tabula     
  -



taxontaxa    -
-

teste
typ.
typus

  -

 
spontanea crescens-




 -
      

   -


sponte crescens   


 -
     Alisma
ranunculoides      -
      -

spp.
ssp.
ster.

sub  


Prangos ferulacea   Laserp. 
   Festu-
ca rigidior

sub nom.      

     A. velutini  

sub nomine-

      
Festuca rigidior     
nomine F. varia
sub rupib.




subalp.  




subl.

Catalogus Abbreviationum
varietas-

vel
verte   



vid.

vide
videtur
Dianthus cae-
sius
vidi  -



vix

vocat.      




W
Wf.

Z
z.


zw.

Danksagung
       

       
     

U
U. i.     


umbros.
       -
   

Unio itiner.-


Unio itineraria-
-

sicher bestimmter Herbarbelege und anderer
   

uno

V
v.-




Cicuta virosatenuifolia 


v. c.-

v. et.
v. in hb.

v. s.

v. spont.      
    

v. v.

var.
Alyssum montanum arenarium 

Vulpiagypsacea


 
      
 

  
  

     
   


Aloe and Pachypodium Check-


   
  
   


      

     -

      

     

 -
     

   

 1773: Florae Austriacae sive


 -
dae ad floram exsiccatam Austrohungaricam
      


-


   
    

   

  
   

-
   


      
     

-


-
lung von 
    


     


    

-
-


und     
   

  
      

     
 
 -


Literatur
   -
 

  

  
  
  
   -
    -
      

     





Catalogus Abbreviationum

  -
  
 
    
  

     


    

 
    

   
-

 -
      
    
  
-

Esslinger Botanische Rei-
severein   -
   
    
  

     


  -

  


    Acer





   




nomic literature: a selective guide to botani-
  
  

    -


   
    -
      
    
-

  
-





-


     -
       
-


 
 
-

   

a.

v. u.

A. m.

b.

A. m. G.

b.


d.

H. m.




Catalogus Abbreviationum


Original Transkription Auflösung
ISO-Schreibung
Bemerkungen
  




 17 





  


 13 
7







 18




  


Acer monspessulanum
  





     
  
    

  
 -
      
 -

     
   -
   
      
 -


 

Römische Zahl (in Worten) Arabische Zahl Bemerkungen & Beispiele
 1
 2
 3
  


Cardaminopsis arenosa
  



  
Acer
monspessulanum

Arabis arenosa
 7

 8


  
  
 11 
 12 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ↀ  
ↀ.Ⅾ



ↀ.Ⅾ


ↀ ↀ





Catalogus Abbreviationum
   


Symbol lat. ( 1818) dt. Bemerkungen
☉ 


Lebensdauer unbekannt, unsicher




① bei de

①
annua
 




⚇  


②
biennis
 


♾

 

♃  ausdauernd,





 




♄ 
suffrutex
Halbstrauch 



frutex
 




arbuscula
 




  

mehrmals an einem ausdauernden

Planta scandens 
❨ 
❩ 

 
Symbol lat. ( 1818) dt. Bemerkungen
△ 
♂Planta seu flos masculus 




♀Planta seu flos femineus 


☿ ⚥ Planta seu flos



    

  
unsicher



  


authentischem








†


* Weist bei Literaturangaben darauf


§ sectio  

Symbole, die nicht bei  aufgeführt sind
Symbol lat. dt. Bemerkungen
* 
gradus  

'  


'' uncia  
''' linea Linie 

×  
⊤ ⵜ chimaera  
♂♀
♒
monoicus  


♂♀
♋
dioicus  



Catalogus Abbreviationum
Symbol lat. ( 1818) dt. Bemerkungen
  


  mehr oder


☠
s hg
Hg
HgCl2
sublimatus sublimiert 


Brassicaceae
nach 
Symbol lat. Bezeichnung
Subordo nach
De Candolle
dt. Bezeichnung Bemerkungen
 accumbentes

anliegend 

 

aufliegend 

 incumbentes,






 


schraubig


 
oder bicrures





            

found in 
  
-

-


a b c d e