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High Intensity Focused Electro-Magnetic Technology (HIFEM) for Non-Invasive Buttock Lifting and Toning of Gluteal Muscles: A Multi-Center Efficacy and Safety Study
Abstract
Objective: Surgical intervention has been the only method to improve the aesthetic appearance of buttocks apart from physical exercising. This study evaluates the efficacy of high intensity focused electro-magnetic (HIFEM) treatments as a non-invasive solution for improvement of buttocks through toning and lifting of gluteal muscles.
Materials and Methods: A total of 75 patients (aged 22-59) were treated using a device with HIFEM technology which stimulates gluteal muscles (EMSCULPT, BTL Industries, Boston, MA). The protocol included four 30-minute treatments. Patients’ weight was monitored throughout the study. Standard photographs were taken at the baseline, after the 4th treatment, and at the 1-month follow-up. Two 7-point Likert scale questionnaires were used to evaluate patients’ buttock and treatment satisfaction. Total score of buttock satisfaction was calculated as a sum of all individual questions to reflect the overall perception of patients’ buttocks. The level of comfort during procedures was assessed on a visual analog scale (VAS).
Results: The overall buttock satisfaction score (range, 4-28) of all subjects improved from 13.1±5.7 at baseline to 18.4±5.2 after the treatment and 18.9±5.1 at follow-up. For subjects with initial buttock dissatisfaction the scores improved from 8.7±1.6 to 16.3±3.1 after the treatment and to 17.3±3.1 at follow-up. The average score of all treatment satisfaction questions (range, 1-7) was 5.2±1.2 immediately after the treatments and 5.1±1.3 at follow-up. In total, patients initially dissatisfied with the appearance of their buttocks reported a significant 85% improvement after the fourth treatment. Immediately after the fourth treatment, all the subjects reported that their buttocks felt more lifted and toned. Results were maintained at one-month follow-up. Weight of the patients didn’t change significantly. Digital photographs showed aesthetic improvements of the buttocks for most of the patients. No adverse events were reported.
Conclusion: The results show that the investigated device safely and effectively improves the aesthetic appearance of buttocks non-invasively. The treatments not only resulted in a significant visual improvement but also increased patient confidence and satisfaction. The procedure is suitable for patients seeking improvement in tone, shape, lift, and tightness of the buttocks.
J Drugs Dermatol. 2018;17(11):1229-1232.
... 8 This electric current stimulates motor neurons to cause involuntary "supramaximal" muscle contractions. 5,8,[11][12][13][14] Almost 20,000 pulses are delivered in a 30-minute treatment session. [15][16][17] The rectus abdominis, internal oblique, and external oblique muscles are targeted. ...
... 17 Muscle stimulation is intended to produce muscle hypertrophy without the need for exercise. 5,8,14 Muscle stimulation is also believed to create a hypermetabolic state, causing local lipolysis. 5,6,8,10,11,15,[18][19][20] It is hypothesized that fat cells are overwhelmed by the metabolic reaction, becoming dysfunctional and initiating programmed death, called apoptosis. ...
... Fourteen studies evaluating electromagnetic treatments were identified (Table 1). 5,6,[10][11][12][13][14][15][16]19,20,22,25,26 In 11 studies, the Emsculpt device was used. 5,[10][11][12]14,15,19,20,22,25,26 In 2 studies, the Emsculpt-Neo device was used. ...
Background:
Energy-based treatments include ultrasound, lasers, cryolipolysis, and radiofrequency. The most recent energy treatment for noninvasive body contouring is electromagnetic treatments-a hot topic in plastic surgery today. A systematic review to assess efficacy and safety has not been published.
Methods:
An electronic search was performed using PubMed to identify the literature describing electromagnetic treatments. Measurements from imaging studies were tabulated and compared.
Results:
Fourteen clinical studies were evaluated. Two studies included simultaneous radiofrequency treatments. In 11 studies, the Emsculpt device was used; in 2 studies, the Emsculpt-Neo device was used. One study included a sham group of patients. The usual protocol was 4 treatments given over a 2-week period. No complications were reported. Eight studies included abdominal measurement data obtained using magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, or ultrasound. Photographic results were typically modest. Photographs showing more dramatic results also showed unexplained reductions in untreated areas.Measurement variances were high. The mean reduction in fat thickness was 5.5 mm. The mean increment in muscle thickness was 2.2 mm. The mean decrease in muscle separation was 2.9 mm (P = 0.19). Early posttreatment ultrasound images in 1 study showed an echolucent muscle layer, compared with a more echodense layer at the baseline, consistent with tissue swelling after exercise. Almost all studies were authored by medical advisors for the device manufacturer.
Discussion:
Measurement data show small reductions in fat thickness, occurring almost immediately after the treatments. Adipocyte removal without tissue swelling would be unique among energy-based treatments. Similarly, muscle hypertrophy is not known to occur acutely after exercise; muscle swelling likely accounts for an early increment in muscle thickness. Any improvement in the diastasis recti is likely fictitious.
Conclusions:
Electromagnetic treatments, either administered alone or in combination with radiofrequency, are safe. However, the evidence for efficacy is tenuous. Measured treatment effects are very small (<5 mm). Conflict of interest and publication bias are major factors in studies evaluating energy-based alternatives. The evidence-based physician may not be satisfied that an equivocal treatment benefit justifies the time and expense for patients.
... This is the first published study on abdominal muscle toning using this particular device; however, prior studies using equivalent technologies have shown similar effects. [5][6][7][8][9][10] The visual improvement in abdominal muscle toning and body shape, as determined by blinded evaluators, was evident in all patients. The quantity of improvement, as evaluated by blinded evaluators was 1.375 on the GAIS (Table 1). ...
... Photographic analysis in previous studies using similar methods showed detectable esthetic improvement after magnetic muscle stimulation in approximately 80% or more of treated patients. 6,7,11 Photo evaluation using the identical 5-point GAIS as in the current study showed a very similar improvement score of 1.5±0.7 at the 3-month follow-up. ...
Background:
Magnetic stimulation of muscles has become a popular method for muscle toning and strengthening.
Aims:
The aim of this case series was to investigate safety and effectiveness of a novel magnetic stimulation device METHODS: The patients received 10 sessions of high intensity magnetic stimulation of their abdominal muscles. Change in muscle tone was determined by anonymous evaluation of photographs and using patient satisfaction questionnaires before treatment and 10 weeks following the last treatment session. Weight and waist circumference were also measured before treatment and at the 10-week follow-up.
Results:
Blinded evaluation of photographs has shown improvement of the appearance of abdominal muscles. Patient satisfaction was high. The patients also experienced a reduction in their waist circumference, while their weight did not significantly change.
Conclusions:
The treatment using the StarFormer® high intensity magnetic stimulation is an effective and non-invasive method for abdominal body shaping, which is safe and comfortable to the patients and results in high patient satisfaction and an objective improvement in abdominal body shape appearance.
... However, muscle tissue comprises even a larger portion of the human body (around 42% in males and 36% in females) which may vary according to individual characteristics. The condition of the patient's muscle plays indeed an important role in defining the overall aesthetic appearance 3 . Abdominoplasty and liposuction offer a permanent solution to fat reduction. ...
... Muscle tissue is forced to adapt to this stress, resulting in hyperplasia and muscle hypertrophy, significantly improving muscle tone. These results confirm previous findings reported in other studies 3,5,19,20 using Hyper Electromagnetic Field technology for muscle toning. ...
Background: abdominal fat is a health related issue to this day, physical activity is considered the best method to reduce it. However daily exercise can be a struggle for many as it is quite time consuming, which has therefore caused for people to ask about other ways to reduce belly fat. Objective: to evaluate the effectiveness of an approach based on Electro-Magnetic Field focused on Hyper-Maximum Intensity (HyperEM) technology in abdominal modelling. Methods: the study was carried out in 32 female patients (37.3 ± 9.4 years) under informed consent. Before and after treatment, anthropometric parameters (weight, height, BMI, skinfolds), subcutaneous abdominal fat thickness (echo�sonogram), and tone muscle (digital photography) were all measured. All patients underwent 6 sessions of treatment for over two weeks (3 times per week). Each session lasted 30 minutes. Results: a significant decrease (p<0.0001) in the values corresponding to the supra-ilium and abdominal skinfolds was observed. In agreement with the skinfold values, significant differences were observed (p<0.0001) regardless of the location (supraumbilical, infraumbilical or lateral) in the subcutaneous abdominal fat thickness measured by using ultrasound. The component that highly contributed to these differences was the variation in the subcutaneous superficial fat thickness (p<0.0001). However, the muscles’ tone was positively increased post treatment. There were no clinical symptoms in any of the participants indicating the presence of major physiological abnormalities related to muscle damage for up to two months after application. Conclusions: the Electro-Magnetic Field focused on Hyper-Maximum Intensity is a safe and effective technological approach for non-invasive body shaping, increasing muscle tone, strengthening the abdominal muscles and reducing abdominal fat.
... Electromagnetic muscle stimulation is an energy-based treatment modality that has been used for some time as a safe and effective treatment for musculoskeletal and urogynecological disorders as well as to augment resistance training [5][6][7]. More recently, magnetic muscle stimulation (MMS) has also been introduced as a treatment to improve body aesthetics by improving abdominal and gluteal skeletal muscle definition [8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. The CoolTone™ device (Allergan Aesthetics, an AbbVie Company) was Food and Drug Administration cleared in 2019 for (i) improvement of abdominal tone, strengthening of abdominal muscles, and development of a firmer abdomen and (ii) strengthening, toning and firming of buttocks and thighs [15]. ...
... The momentum behind the use of electromagnetic muscle stimulation in aesthetic medicine is driven not only by the fact that it is a non-invasive, relatively painless application but by treatment outcomes that correspond with a high level of patient satisfaction [8,9,13,14]. An attribute that makes MMS an ideal tool for body contouring is its utility as a stand-alone treatment for muscle toning or in a multi-modal approach depending on the patients' other body contouring goals [14]. ...
Background and Objective
Magnetic muscle stimulation (MMS) is a relatively new energy‐based technology that provides a non‐invasive option for body contouring through stimulation and toning of underlying skeletal muscles. This study was conducted to examine the safety, efficacy, and body satisfaction scores of MMS using a CoolToneTM prototype for the aesthetic improvement of abdominal and buttock contour.
Study Design/Materials and Methods
This was a prospective, non‐comparative, non‐randomized, 12‐week, multicenter study. Male and female participants aged 22‐65 years received 4 MMS treatment sessions to the abdomen and/or buttocks. Body Satisfaction Questionnaire (BSQ) scores for abdomen and/or buttocks were assessed at baseline, immediately post final treatment, at 4 weeks (primary endpoint), and 12 weeks post final treatment. Subject‐rated Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (SGAIS) was assessed at 4 weeks post final treatment (secondary endpoint), and 12 weeks post final treatment. Additional efficacy assessment included abdominal circumference obtained by 3D imaging at baseline, immediately post final treatment, and at 4 and 12 weeks post final treatment. A Subject Experience Questionnaire (SEQ) was used to assess treatment satisfaction and perspectives at 4 weeks and 12 weeks post final treatment. Adverse events (AEs) were monitored throughout the study.
Results
A total of 110 participants were recruited, who were 75% female, 80% Caucasian (mostly non‐Hispanic), average age of 39.5 years (range 22–59) with an average body mass index (BMI) of 23.3 kg/m2 (range 18–29.9). At the 4‐week post final treatment visit, the average BSQ score for participants receiving abdominal treatment (n = 93) was significantly improved with a 5.1 average increase in total score from baseline (possible score range 10–50) and by a 5.5 average increase from baseline for participants receiving buttocks treatment (n = 32) (p < 0.05). At 4 weeks post final treatment, the proportion of participants with SGAIS scores >“Improved” was 68.1% for participants receiving treatment of the abdomen (n = 94), and 81.8% for those receiving buttocks treatment (n = 33). The mean total decrease from baseline in waist circumference was significant at all time points. At the 12‐week post final treatment visit, SEQ data revealed that a majority of participants were “Satisfied” or “Very Satisfied” with overall treatment results and “Agreed” or “Strongly Agreed” that they were motivated to maintain results either by working out or by additional treatment. A total of 6 AEs related to the device and/or treatment were reported, which resolved spontaneously during the study.
Conclusion
Treatment of the abdomen and/or buttocks with MMS was well‐tolerated and demonstrated significant improvement in aesthetic appearance through the 12‐week post final treatment study duration. As a stand‐alone treatment, MMS expands the range of options for individualized treatment planning for patients seeking abdominal and/or gluteal muscle toning. © 2020 The Authors. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
... Based upon the inherent electrical properties of the skin, fat, and muscle, current flow can be induced directly in the muscle layer, stimulating powerful contractions without dermal discomfort. Clinical studies have been conducted to show safety and efficacy of EMMS for body contouring in the abdomen and buttocks [12][13][14][15][16]. EMMS has also been used for toning and strengthening thighs. ...
... The cryolipolysis-treated tissue, in contrast, showed both an inflammatory response in the While this study found no fat cell injury following EMMS treatment, previously published studies have suggested fat layer reduction. Clinical studies have demonstrated fat layer reduction as measured by computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and ultrasound [12][13][14][15][16]. It is possible that the fat layer is reduced by metabolic changes that are not yet understood following EMMS treatment or due to synergistic changes in diet and/or physical activity, which cannot be observed histologically. ...
Background and Objectives
A previous pre‐clinical study on electromagnetic muscle stimulation (EMMS) suggested that fat cell apoptosis occurs following treatment in a porcine model. While EMMS can induce changes in muscle, the effect on fat tissue is not established. This clinical study sought to assess adipose tissue response to EMMS in comparison to cryolipolysis treatment.
Study Design/Materials and Methods
Study subjects were recruited prior to abdominoplasty to receive body contouring treatments and subsequently to obtain tissue for histological analysis. Non‐invasive abdominal treatments were delivered using a commercially available (n = 6) or prototype (n = 3) EMMS system or a cryolipolysis system (n = 2). Subjects received a single EMMS treatment (100% intensity for 30 minutes) or a single cryolipolysis treatment (−11°C for 35 minutes) to the abdomen. Superficial and deep (i.e., adjacent to muscle layer) subcutaneous adipose tissue was harvested at set timepoints post‐treatment. The presence or absence of an inflammatory response was evaluated using standard hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. As adipocytes that are destined to become apoptotic cannot be distinguished by traditional H&E staining during the early phases of injury, irreversible fat cell injury was assessed using perilipin immunofluorescence.
Results
Following H&E histological analysis at 3, 10, 11, and 17 days post‐treatment, no EMMS‐treated samples showed an inflammatory response in either the superficial or deep subcutaneous adipose tissue. For the cryolipolysis‐treated adipose tissue, however, the H&E staining revealed a marked inflammatory response with an influx of neutrophils, lymphocytes, and macrophages at timepoints consistent with previous histological studies. Further, loss of perilipin staining provided clear visual evidence of irreversible fat cell injury in the cryolipolysis‐treated adipose tissue. In contrast, the electromagnetic muscle stimulation‐treated samples showed persistence of perilipin staining of adipose tissue indicating that all fat cells were viable.
Conclusion
This study failed to demonstrate either fat cell injury or inflammatory response following EMMS treatment. While electromagnetic muscle stimulation may non‐invasively induce muscle changes, this clinical study found no evidence of an impact injurious or otherwise on subcutaneous fat. © 2020 The Authors. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals LLC
... HIFEM (high-intensity focused electromagnetic) technology is one of the noninvasive procedures that has been subject to multiple recent studies. [2][3][4][5] The technology delivers rapidly changing alternating magnetic fields with intensities of up to 1.8T and frequency of 3 kHz, which induce electric currents in the underlying tissue. Motor neurons are highly sensitive to propagating electric currents and are thus being stimulated, which leads to muscle contraction. ...
... 3,7 The most extended published or presented follow-up data are from 6 months post-treatment. 3,4 The objective was to collect 1-year follow-up data of patients who underwent HIFEM treatments and were evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed tomography (CT). Total of 21 subjects were recalled on average one year after the original treatment series to evaluate long-term effects of the procedure. ...
Background
Several studies investigating high-intensity focused electromagnetic (HIFEM) treatments have been recently published. However, long-term data are due to the novelty of the procedure still missing.
Objective
The aim of this study is to evaluate changes in abdominal tissues on average one year after a series of HIFEM treatments, to determine the long-term durability of patients’ original body responses.
Methods
MRI or CT scanning was performed on 21 patients on average 332.6 ± 88.5 days after their original HIFEM treatment series. The scans were evaluated by blinded radiologist for abdominal muscle thickness, subcutaneous fat changes, and abdominal separation. The results were compared to the MRI/CT assisted measurements taken at the baseline and 6-week follow-up. Correlations between collected data sets were calculated and tested. The incidence of any adverse events related to earlier treatments was monitored.
Results
When comparing the 1-year follow-up measurements with the baseline, the MRI/CT-assisted calculations revealed on average 14.63% (2.97 ± 2.11 mm) reduction in fat, 19.05% (1.89 ± 0.88 mm) muscle thickening, and 10.46% (1.96 ± 1.71 mm) diastasis recti reduction. All changes were significant (p<0.05) and not related to weight fluctuations (p>0.05). The baseline width of diastasis positively correlated with the degree of improvement at follow-up. No adverse events were reported.
Conclusion
The HIFEM-induced muscle hypertrophy, fat reduction, and reduction in abdominal separation were maintained 1-year post-treatment. This suggests long-term durability of the original bodily response, which needs to be verified by continuing follow-up of this group and by further studies.
... The authors then briefly review the current literature on HIFEM, which shows an increase in muscle thickness as measured by computed tomography, ultrasound, and magnetic resonance imaging. [2][3][4] These findings provide the impetus for their study: to determine what cellular changes in skeletal muscle tissue underlie the increase in muscle thickness seen clinically and on imaging. ...
... Finally, we believe this study could have been enhanced by employing clinical imaging to evaluate the treatment response of experimental subjects. Because animal subjects are unable to provide feedback regarding the perceived effects of HIFEM treatment, it would have been useful to have imaging to confirm that the increased skeletal muscle thickness seen in previous studies [2][3][4] was indeed present in the posttreatment group. ...
... Consistent with the literature, the treatment was well tolerated, and participants expressed favorable feedback regarding the procedure's noninvasive nature and its minimal risk profile. 25 Patients exhibit a general recovery rate of 59.6%, with 31.4% attaining a cured status (zero score at follow-up), mirroring findings from prior literature that explored the impacts of electromagnetic stimulation on strengthening pelvic floor muscles. 14,26 While our study presents unique aspects in terms of pre-treatment and post-treatment evaluations, other studies have similarly examined the impact of magnetic stimulation on UI. ...
Purpose
To assess the effectiveness and safety of high-intensity focused electromagnetic technology (HIFEM) used as a therapeutic approach in patients with stress and mixed urinary incontinence.
Patients and Methods
Thirty-five females suffering from stress and mixed urinary incontinence were included in the study. The electromagnetic chair (BTL EMSELLA®) was applied to the patient’s pelvic area twice a week for 28 minutes, totaling 6 sessions. The patients’ “International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire‐Short Form” (ICIQ-SF) scores and the number of daily absorbent pad usage were recorded. Results were evaluated after the sixth session and at a first-month follow-up.
Results
The average ICIQ‐SF score at baseline was 10.18 ± 4.19 (ranging from 2–18) which declined to 5.33 ± 3.97 after six sessions, and further improved to 4.26 ± 3.94 points at the one‐month follow‐up. After six sessions, an average improvement of 52.06% in ICIQ-SF score was observed, and after one month of follow-up, an average improvement of 59.6% was detected, which was found to be statistically significant (p=0.038). In addition, the mean number of pads used per day decreased to 1.25 ± 1.54 after treatment, a significant improvement was observed, and the mean daily pad use decreased further to 0.91 ± 1.11 at the first-month follow-up.
Conclusion
HIFEM has demonstrated in our study its ability to safely and effectively treat female patients suffering from stress and mixed urinary incontinence, as evidenced by significant improvements in symptoms and quality of life observed in clinical trials.
... HIFEM and RF simultaneously on multiple body areas present an effective and comfortable treatment for body contouring, thickening of the underlying muscles, and overall improved physical appearance [21]. Besides significant visual improvements being observed in patients, the Emsculpt technology has also resulted in increased patient confidence and satisfaction post-procedure, with one study reporting an 85% improvement in satisfaction [22]. ...
Emsculpt Neo (EmSculpt NEO Device, BTL Industries, Inc.) is a FDA-cleared noninvasive body contouring treatment for increasing muscle tone and/or reducing fat. The device uses high-intensity electromagnetic energy to stimulate muscle contractions and to build muscle mass (Emsculpt) or a combination of electromagnetic energy with radiofrequency (Emsculpt NEO) to produce a synergistic effect of building muscle mass and reducing fat. In this study, we conduct a high-quality systematic review to evaluate outcomes for Emsculpt and Emsculpt NEO treatments for noninvasive body contouring.
An electronic search was performed of the PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science databases using the key terms “High intensity focused electromagnetic therapy; HIFEM; Emsculpt; Emsculpt NEO; BTL Industries.” The search included all articles published in English through January 2023. Inclusion criteria included articles noninvasive body contouring and reporting at least one outcome of interest (clinical or patient-reported outcomes). Methodological quality and risk of bias were assessed using the GRADE criteria. Articles involving applications other than for body contouring, animal studies, and review articles were excluded.
Of the 159 articles identified in the initial search strategy, 51 met relevance based on abstract screening. Fifteen clinical studies were identified, including Emsculpt (n=11) and Emsculpt NEO (n=2). The typical protocol involved four treatments given over a 2–4-week period (range 3–8 treatments) with increase to 100% intensity setting and 1–6-month follow-ups. No complications were reported. Abdominal measurements were obtained using imaging were reported in eight studies. Treated areas included the buttocks (n=4), thighs (n=3), arms or calves (n=1), and abdomen (n=11). For abdominal contouring, mean reductions of fat thickness were 5.5 mm, muscle thickness of 2 mm, and rectus diastasis improvement of 3.0 mm. No studies reported weight change before and after treatment. All studies with patient-reported outcomes report high patient satisfaction. Two studies report marginal or no benefit of treatment. Certain studies failed to report comorbidities or demographic characteristics other than age and sex, which precludes analysis of specific subgroups that may benefit from treatment. Furthermore, certain studies failed to address how missing data or the final study population was analyzed.
This systematic review reports on currently published evidence regarding the efficacy and safety of Emsculpt and Emsculpt NEO for body contouring. High-quality level data reporting with patient-reported outcomes will optimize shared decision-making and informed consent.
Therapeutic study. This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.
... Since it is shown that one or more of the hip muscles around an osteoarthritis joint may indeed exhibit some degree of sarcopenia, external strategies, including one or more modes of neuromuscular stimulation 62,63 can be expected to lead to visible and progressive improvements in muscle morphology and function without any signs of visible muscle damage, 19,64,65 and possible greater weight bearing confidence and ability, 63 even if disputed by Suetta et al. 66 or not really mentioned. 67 Applied appropriately in terms of optimal electrode size and placement 68 and in a targeted manner, electrical stimulation may also be found in the future to offer an effective alternate or complementary and safe strategy that can help speed up rehabilitation and offset the immense costs of providing outpatient therapy services, drug overdose centers, and surgical care to the growing number of older hip osteoarthritis cases who may be too impaired to exercise. ...
Background: Hip osteoarthritis- a painful oftentimes longstanding progressively disabling condition that occurs predominantly among sizeable numbers of older adults may be detrimentally impacted by an atrophic muscle condition known as sarcopenia. Aim: This mini review examines the possible utility of electrical or magnetic muscle stimulation for mitigating sarcopenic muscle mass declines that may be age or disease associated or both among older adults diagnosed as having early or late stage hip osteoarthritis. Methods: Peer reviewed literature on hip osteoarthritis discussing sarcopenia, as well as any evidence that electrical or magnetic muscle stimulation as applied to foster muscle mass increments are relevant to ameliorating this condition were sought and examined. Results: Many reports show hip osteoarthritis remains a highly debilitating disease to counteract and is a condition where the surrounding muscles may be atrophic. While most point to exercise and nutrition as suitable muscle interventions for countering sarcopenia, a favorable role for electrical stimulation cannot be ruled out. Conclusions: There is a possible missed opportunity that implies muscle preservation at the hip through electrical stimulation will be beneficial for fostering function at all stages of hip joint osteoarthritis progression, even if surgery is forthcoming, and should be studied further.
... 11 As shown by Weiss and Bernardy, the induced intense muscle activity is initially accompanied by the increased levels of FFA's that are further metabolized as an energy supply with no anticipated change in liver or kidney metabolism. 16 Furthermore, similar to findings documented in previous studies investigating the effect of HIFEM technology on buttocks, 6,7,17 the increase in gluteal muscle mass was observed in this study. On the other hand, no meaningful changes were observed in the fat tissue F I G U R E 2 Photographs of subject 2 taken at baseline (left) and 3 M FU visit (right). ...
Background:
Radiofrequency and HIFEM have been used as standalone modalities in body contouring. The novel device allows their synchronous emission simultaneously in a single applicator.
Objectives:
This prelusive trial aims to investigate the safety and efficacy of such treatment when used on multiple body parts on the same day for a full-body remodeling.
Methods:
Three female subjects (21.0 ± 2.0 years) underwent 4 treatment sessions. The treatment was applied to the abdomen, saddlebags, inner thighs, and buttocks, during each visit, lasting 30 min for each site. The outcomes were assessed through examination of MRI images acquired at baseline and 3 months post-treatment. Fat and muscle thickness were measured at predefined locations. Weight and waist, hip, and thigh circumference records along with digital photographs were also taken.
Results:
Fat thickness measurement showed a reduction of 17.57 ± 3.22 mm in the saddlebag region, 12.43 ± 1.93 mm in inner thighs, and 10.65 ± 1.26 mm in the abdomen. The fat in the buttock region showed negligible changes. The muscle thickness increased on average by 2.98 ± 0.60 mm for rectus abdominis and 7.42 ± 1.56 mm for gluteus maximus. The circumferential reduction was also observed on the waist (7.83 ± 2.25 cm), at the level of outer thighs (2.83 ± 1.53 cm), and inner thighs (3.58 ± 1.84 cm). Digital photographs showed noticeable improvement in the overall body appearance. The treatments were safe, and no side effects were noted.
Conclusion:
The preliminary outcomes indicate that the procedure delivering HIFEM and RF simultaneously on multiple body areas on the same day could be an effective and comfortable treatment for fat reduction on multiple body parts, thickening of underlying muscles, and overall improved aesthetic appearance.
... In the literature it has been shown that magnetic stimulation is able to lift and tone the gluteal muscles; authors proved a significant improvement in buttocks aspect and a high grade of patient satisfaction [26]. ...
Background and Objective: In recent years, a strong desire for slimmer and healthier-looking bodies has grown in the population. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safeness of the new technology Flat Magnetic Stimulation for buttock and abdomen remodeling in athletic subjects. Methods: A total of 49 patients (31 females and 18 males) were enrolled. Patients’ digital photos and buttocks/abdomen circumference measurements were taken to assess and monitor the effectiveness of treatment on muscle firming. The level of patient satisfaction was evaluated by a questionnaire based on a seven point Likert scale. Average scores were calculated at a 1-month follow-up (FU). Results: A significant increase in the buttocks’ mean circumference from 85.5 ± 0.7 cm to 88.5 ± 0.7 cm (p < 0.05) and in the abdomens’ mean circumference from 76.5 ± 9.19 cm to 78 ± 9.89 cm (p < 0.05) was observed 1 month after the last treatment. All subjects reported that their buttocks and abdomens felt more lift and toned. The average abdomen and buttocks satisfaction scores improve significantly at 1-month FU. Conclusions: Our data show that FMS treatment could be used as an effective mechanism for muscle toning.
... Jacob et al. 64 delivered HIFEM in 75 patients for toning up the gluteal muscles and lifting the buttocks over four 30-minute treatment sessions. Aesthetic appearance of buttocks was significantly enhanced and the procedure was proposed as a safe modality for improving the gluteal tone, shape, lift, and tightness. ...
Non-invasive body contouring modalities optimize the cosmesisof the human body safely and effectively and represent a fast-expanding domain of cosmetic dermatology. There are currently five approved modalities including cryolipolysis, radiofrequency, high-intensity focused ultrasound, laser therapy and high-intensity focused electromagnetic field. This article provides a brief overview of these modalities in the light of the recent literature.Key wordsObesity; Body contouring; Lipolysis; Laser; Radiofrequency; High frequency focusedultrasound; High-intensity focused electromagnetic field.
... Multiple clinical studies have demonstrated the safety and effectiveness of EMMS devices for improving muscle tone in the abdomen and buttocks. [11][12][13][14][15] Patient satisfaction and potential impacts on quality of life are increasingly important measures of the effectiveness of aesthetic treatments, including non-invasive body contouring. Recent studies of EMMS treatment of abdomen and buttocks have reported high (>85%) subject-rated satisfaction. ...
Background
Electromagnetic muscle stimulation (EMMS) is a non-invasive body contouring technology for strengthening, firming, and toning the abdomen, buttocks, and thighs that is associated with high patient satisfaction.
Aims
To gain a greater understanding of factors contributing to patient satisfaction with EMMS.
Methods
This was a retrospective, non-comparative study of patient information and questionnaires regarding EMMS treatments to abdomen and/or buttocks collected July 1 to December 1, 2019 from clinical practices in the United States. Questionnaires collected and included for study analysis were the Subject Experience Questionnaire (SEQ), the Body Satisfaction Questionnaire (BSQ), and the Subject-rated Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (SGAIS).
Results
Responses from 146 treated patients were analyzed (abdomen only: n = 94; buttocks only, n = 30; abdomen and buttocks: n = 22). Patients were 79% female with mean age of 41.3 years (range: 19–73). Frequently cited reasons for seeking EMMS treatment were a desire to appear more toned (89%) or slimmer (42%), and to feel stronger (38%). BSQ and SGAIS scores were improved 4 weeks after treatment. On post-treatment SEQ, most patients reported being “satisfied” or “very satisfied” with abdomen (83.2%; n = 89/107) or buttocks (57.4%; n = 27/47) treatment. Most patients reported feeling stronger after abdomen treatment, and across both body areas, patients were more confident, happier with their overall appearance, and motivated to work out and maintain treatment results.
Conclusion
This retrospective study of patient questionnaires provides important information on aesthetic and functional factors that can contribute to high patient satisfaction following EMMS treatment of the abdomen and/or buttocks.
... 12 It has been found that such reduction is not selective to the SAT only, but it also involves changes in VAT since the decrease of subcutaneous and visceral fat after the exercise is correlated. 2 HIFEM procedure that is based on the principles of electromagnetic induction was found to be an effective body shaping modality for multiple body parts. [13][14][15] HIFEM selectively and noninvasively stimulates the striated muscle tissue by utilizing supramaximal contractions performed with higher tension than those achieved during regular exercise. Besides the muscle enlargement due to the muscle fiber hypertrophy and hyperplasia, 16 This study aims to investigate whether the HIFEM-induced supramaximal contractions effectively promote changes in the volume of visceral fat when applied to the abdomen. ...
Background:
High levels of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) are associated with abdominal obesity and increased risk of metabolic deterioration. Recent studies showed that intensive physical exercise results in the reduction of subcutaneous and visceral fat.
Aims:
This study investigates the effect of supramaximal muscle contractions induced by a HIFEM procedure for abdominal VAT changes.
Methods:
Computed tomography (CT) scans of 22 subjects (47.3 ± 8.4 years, BMI of 23.5 ± 3.5 kg/m2 ) who received 8 HIFEM treatments of the abdomen (2-3 days apart) were retrospectively evaluated for the changes in VAT. The CT scans were obtained at baseline and 1 month after the last treatment. The transverse slices at umbilical, infraumbilical, and supraumbilical levels were used to determine the cross-sectional area (CSA) of VAT through a semi-automated segmentation method.
Results:
Analysis of the CSA revealed a significant (P = .004) and uniform reduction of the abdominal VAT area by 14.3% (-16.7 cm2 ) from 110.6 ± 69.0 cm2 to 93.9 ± 54.6 cm2 . In general, a higher relative improvement was seen infraumbilically (17.1%), followed by supraumbilical (15.5%) and umbilical (10.7%) levels. The reduction of VAT was strongly correlated to the reduction of subcutaneous fat (r(17) = 0.66; P = .002). A decrease in VAT volume contributed to the overall aesthetic enhancement visible on digital photographs.
Conclusions:
The outcomes indicate that HIFEM technology has a positive effect on VAT. However, further studies are necessary to validate these outcomes and to clarify the exact mechanism of a VAT reduction. Based on our results, the HIFEM procedure may be a beneficial treatment option for patients with high VAT deposits.
... Clinical studies have been conducted to show safety and efficacy of EMMS for body contouring in the abdomen and buttocks. [27][28][29][30] Electromagnetic muscle stimulation has also been used for toning and strengthening thighs. ...
Background:
In addition to reducing subcutaneous fat for body contouring, some patients are interested in toning the underlying muscle layer.
Objective:
This feasibility study evaluated the safety and efficacy of electromagnetic muscle stimulation (EMMS) alone, cryolipolysis alone, and cryolipolysis with EMMS for noninvasive contouring of abdomen.
Methods:
Abdomens of 50 subjects were treated in a study with 3 cohorts: EMMS alone, Cryolipolysis alone, and Cryolipolysis + EMMS in combination. Electromagnetic muscle stimulation treatments were delivered in 4 sessions over 2 weeks. Cryolipolysis treatments were delivered in one session. Combination treatments consisted of one cryolipolysis and 4 EMMS visits. Efficacy was assessed by independent physician Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (GAIS), circumferential measurement, Subject GAIS (SGAIS), and Body Satisfaction Questionnaire (BSQ).
Results:
Safety was demonstrated for all study cohorts with no device- or procedure-related adverse events. Independent photo review showed greatest mean GAIS score for the Cryolipolysis + EMMS cohort followed by Cryolipolysis only, then EMMS only cohort. BSQ showed greatest average score increase for Cryolipolysis + EMMS cohort followed by Cryolipolysis only cohort, then EMMS only cohort. Mean circumferential reduction measurements were greatest for Cryolipolysis + EMMS cohort followed by Cryolipolysis only, and then EMMS only cohort. The mean SGAIS improvement score was equal for the Cryolipolysis only and Cryolipolysis + EMMS cohorts, followed by the EMMS only cohort.
Conclusion:
A multimodal approach using cryolipolysis and EMMS was safe and demonstrated enhanced body contouring efficacy for this feasibility study.
... Multiple studies have investigated the effects of rapidly changing magnetic fields delivered through HIFEM technology. [8][9][10][11][12][13] The studies by Kent et al, 11 Katz et al, 12 and Kinney et al 8 employed computed tomography (CT), ultrasound, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), respectively, to investigate changes in abdominal composition post-HIFEM treatments. The thickness of abdominal muscles measured in CT and MRI images increased on average by 14.8% to 15.4%, indicating muscle hypertrophy. ...
Background
High-intensity focused electromagnetic (HIFEM) field technology has been reported to increase muscle thickness and hypertrophy. However, this process has not yet been confirmed on a histologic level.
Objectives
The aim of this study was to evaluate in-vivo structural changes in striated porcine muscle tissue following HIFEM treatment.
Methods
Three Yorkshire pigs received four 30-minute HIFEM treatments applied to the biceps femoris muscle on 1 side only. The fourth pig served as a control subject. At baseline and 2 weeks after the last treatment, biopsy specimens of the muscle tissue were collected from the treatment site. The control pig underwent muscle biopsy from a similar but untreated site. Twenty-five histology slides were evaluated from each pig. A certified histopathologist analyzed sliced biopsy samples for structural changes in the tissue.
Results
Histologic analysis showed hypertrophic changes 2 weeks posttreatment. The muscle mass density increased by 20.56% (to a mean of 17,053.4 [5617.9] µm2) compared with baseline. Similarly, muscle fiber density (hyperplasia) increased: the average change in the number of fibers in a slice area of 136,533.3 µm2 was +8.0%. The mean size of an individual muscle fiber increased by 12.15% (to 332.23 [280.2] µm2) 2 weeks posttreatment. Control samples did not show any significant change in fiber density or hyperplasia.
Conclusions
Histopathologic quantification showed significant structural muscle changes through a combination of fiber hypertrophy and hyperplasia. Control biopsies showed a lack of similar changes. The data correlate with findings of other HIFEM research and suggest that HIFEM could be used for noninvasive induction of muscle growth.
Body contouring treatments are getting popular and form a significant portion of any aesthetic dermatology practice. Patients prefer non-invasive body contouring to surgical treatments as they are safe, effective, with minimal downtime and without the risks of a surgical procedure. Body contouring treatments include non-invasive fat reduction, skin tightening and muscle stimulation and definition. Most devices are FDA and CE approved, and there are numerous scientific literatures on their effectiveness and safety. However, there are little comparisons between the different modalities. The current body contouring devices for skin tightening use either radiofrequency, microfocused ultrasound or lasers. Procedures for fat reduction include radiofrequency, high-intensity focused ultrasound, lasers or cryolipolysis. Electromagnetic muscle stimulation or electrical multidirectional muscle stimulation is used for muscle stimulation and definition.
During pregnancy, endocrinological, immunological, metabolic, and vascular changes occur. These changes can affect the skin of the abdomen, leading to the formation of new stretch marks, skin laxity, and subcutaneous fat accumulation, and can affect the quality of life of women. Reference procedures to substantially reduce these alterations are invasive such as liposuction or abdominoplasty. That is why technology advances in the development of non-invasive techniques, which can solve these problems with minimal risk and be of help to combat skin changes that photoexposure and aging cause on the skin. Among the main non-invasive techniques available to reduce localized subcutaneous adipose tissue, there is cryolipolysis, low-level laser therapy, non-thermal pulsed ultrasound, red light-emitting diode therapy, and high-intensity focused electromagnetic field; to reduce stretch marks, there is laser treatment, radiofrequency, and microneedling; and for tightening of lax skin, there is radiofrequency, ultrasound skin tightening, and intense pulsed light with radiofrequency.
Objective:
We sought to evaluate the safety and efficacy of an electrical muscle stimulation (EMS) device in the improvement of muscle strength and toning of the upper extremities. This device, which is FDA-cleared as a two-channel muscle stimulator, provides up to eight electrodes with waveforms inducing muscle stimulation. Although a prior study demonstrated it is safe and effective for use in the abdomen, this system, which has electrodes specifically designed for the extremities, has not previously been evaluated in the upper extremities.
Methods:
Forty-five subjects enrolled in the study to assess improvement in arm (i.e., bicep and tricep muscle) strength, and appearance following a protocol of treatments with this bioelectric muscle activation (BMA) device. All subjects received four 30-min EMS treatment sessions in Arm mode-twice weekly for 2 weeks and at least 48 h apart. Follow up visits were also scheduled 30- and 90-days after treatment. Strength was measured with a dynamometer device at baseline, at the final treatment session, and at the posttreatment 30- and 90-day assessment. Subject satisfaction was assessed gauging overall comfort of the treatment and satisfaction including willingness to recommend to others. The changes in strength between initial treatment and final treatment, as well as 30 and 90-day assessment were evaluated. Clinical photography at these visits was also assessed for each patient. Patients were instructed to not modify their normal exercise routine while participating in this study.
Results:
All 45 subjects completed the treatment protocol. Most patients showed an improvement in muscle strength from the initial to final treatment (i.e., the fourth treatment). Specifically, the maximum bicep strength increased by a mean of 7.5 lbs (22.83%, p = 0.006), while the average increased by a mean of 8.2 lbs (25.76%, p = 0.001) during this period. Similarly, the maximum tricep strength from initial to final treatment increased by a mean of 10.0 lbs (23.16%, p = 0.000), while the average increased by a mean of 9.6 lbs (27.12%, p = 0.000). Thirty days after the last treatment, the maximum bicep strength increased by a mean of 13.3 lbs (34.13%, p = 0.001) while the average increased by a mean of 13.6 lbs (37.05%, p = 0.000) during this period. Similarly, the maximum tricep strength from initial to 30 days postfinal treatment increased by a mean of 10.9 lbs (24.37%, p = 0.000), while the average increased by a mean of 10.5 lbs (29.37%, p = 0.000). Finally, 90 days after the last treatment, the maximum bicep strength increased by a mean of 19.4 lbs (48.4%, p = 0.000), while the average increased by a mean of 17.4 lbs (46.53%, p = 0.000) during this period. Similarly, the maximum tricep strength from initial to 90 days postfinal treatment increased by a mean of 10.8 lbs (27.12%, p = 0.000), while the average increased by a mean of 10.0 lbs (30.94%, p = 0.001).
Conclusion:
This device was well tolerated and resulted in increased strength measurements in the upper extremities, as assessed by a dynamometer, which were sustained at 30 and 90 days.
Background:
High-intensity focused electromagnetic field (HIFEM) and synchronized radiofrequency (RF) technologies have been shown to be safe and effective on multiple body parts.
Objective:
To determine the plasma lipid levels and liver function tests of consecutive HIFEM + RF procedures delivered on the same day.
Methods:
Eight women and 2 men (24-59 years, BMI 22.4-30.6 kg/m2) underwent 4 30-minute consecutive HIFEM + RF procedures. The treated area differed according to gender (females: abdomen and lateral and inner thighs; males: abdomen and front and back thighs). Liver function (aspartate aminotransferase [AST], alanine aminotransferase [ALT], gamma-glutamyltransferase [GGT], alkaline phosphatase [ALP]) and lipid profile (cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein [HDL], low-density lipoprotein [LDL], triglycerides [TG]) was monitored from blood samples drawn before the treatment, 1 hour, 24 to 48 hours, and 1 month after treatment. The subject's satisfaction, comfort, abdominal circumference, and digital photographs were also monitored.
Results:
All 10 patients completed planned treatments and follow-up blood draws. No significant fluctuation or notable deviation in the measured blood parameters was observed. The average values during the study were in a range of AST 15.7 to 16.7IU/L, ALT 11.9 to 13.4IU/L, GGT 11.6 to 13.8IU/L, and ALP 71.4 to 77.2IU/L, TG 1.0 mmol/L, HDL 1.7 mmol/L, LDL 3.0 mmol/L, and cholesterol 5.0 to 5.1 mmol/L corresponded to the normal ranges. Subjects reported high comfort during the treatment and satisfaction with their results. No adverse event occurred.
Conclusion:
Plasma levels remained stable and normal or lipids and LFTs for multiple same-day treatments of RF plus HIFEM.
Background
Electromagnetic muscle stimulation (EMMS) is an effective, well-tolerated non-invasive body contouring treatment for strengthening, toning, and firming the abdomen.
Objectives
This study evaluated functional changes following abdominal EMMS treatment.
Methods
In this prospective, open-label study, adults received 8 abdominal EMMS treatments (2 treatments on nonconsecutive days/week over 4 weeks). Follow-ups occurred 1-month (primary endpoint), 2-, and 3-months post-final treatment. Effectiveness endpoints included improvements from baseline on Body Satisfaction Questionnaire (BSQ; primary endpoint), core strength (timed plank test), abdominal endurance (curl-up test), and Subject Experience Questionnaire (SEQ). Safety was evaluated throughout.
Results
Sixteen participants (68.8% female) were enrolled, with mean age 39.3 years and mean BMI 24.4 kg/m2; 14 participants completed per protocol. Mean BSQ scores were significantly improved from baseline (27.9) to the 1-month follow-up (36.6; p < 0.05). Core strength and abdominal endurance were significantly greater at the 1-, 2-, and 3-month post-treatment timepoints than at baseline (p < 0.05). Frequently cited reasons for seeking EMMS treatment included a desire to feel stronger (100%; n = 14/14) and to improve athletic performance (100%; n = 14/14). SEQ responses 3-months post-treatment showed that most participants reported feeling stronger (92.9%) and motivated to receive additional EMMS treatments (100%) and work out to maintain treatment results (100%). The majority of participants (> 78%) reported being “satisfied” or “very satisfied” with abdominal treatment 1-month post-treatment. One device- and/or procedure-related adverse event of menstrual cycle irregularity was reported in 1 participant and was mild in severity.
Conclusions
EMMS treatment of the abdomen is associated with functional strength improvements and high patient satisfaction.
Cellulite in the proximal lower extremities is a reported concern among many adult females. The unsightly appearance of cellulite leads many affected individuals to seek treatment by trained specialists. The objective of this review is to provide the reader with an update on new and innovative therapies for cellulite including various treatment combinations to maximize therapeutic outcomes, and strategies for minimizing adverse events. The availability of new technologies and the results from recent clinical trials provide additional tools and data to consider when creating treatment plans for cellulite patients. This update to previous treatment recommendations is based on the most recent developments in cellulite management including the personal experiences of the authors with an emphasis on injectable enzymes, acoustic subcision, targeted verifiable subcision, and biostimulators. Formal clinical studies are warranted to compare various treatment modalities and further investigate combination regimens.
Level of Evidence: 5
Background
The High-Intensity Focused Electromagnetic Field (HIFEM) procedure is an effective method for non-invasive toning and shaping of buttocks.
Objective
To investigate and compare the efficacy of simultaneous application of HIFEM procedure with radiofrequency (RF) heating vs. HIFEM standalone procedure on the buttocks.
Methods
Sixty-seven subjects (21-67 years, BMI 16-34 kg/m2) were recruited and divided into two groups. Group A received simultaneous HIFEM + RF therapy, and group B received standalone HIFEM treatments. All participants underwent four 30-minute bilateral treatments on the buttocks. The MRI was used to evaluate the changes in muscle and fat thickness.
Results
Data of 32 subjects from group A and 31 subjects from group B were reviewed at 1-month follow-up. On average, subjects from group A showed a 31.3% higher increase in muscle thickness, as shown in the MRI evaluation. The gluteal muscle thickness continued to grow and peaked at a 3-month follow-up, wherein 27 patients were evaluated in each group (n = 54). Group A showed on average +24.7% increase (gluteus maximus +8.5 ± 1.9 mm, medius +6.0 ± 1.1 mm, minimus +2.9 ± 0.8 mm), while group B exhibited only +15.9% increase in muscle thickness (gluteus maximus +5.2 ± 1.1 mm, medius +3.6 ± 1.0 mm, minimus +1.6 ± 0.4 mm). On average, group A showed a 35.6% higher growth in muscle thickness. Treatments were safe and comfortable with high satisfaction rates. No adverse event was reported throughout the study.
Conclusions
Our results suggest that simultaneous use of HIFEM + RF is safe and significantly more effective for gluteal contouring than the HIFEM procedure alone.
Background:
Aesthetic muscle stimulation (AMS) using high-intensity electromagnetic field (HIFEM) targets skeletal muscle neurons, causing muscle hypertrophy and loss of adipose tissue, thereby cultivating a sculpted physique. Many studies have evaluated AMS for noninvasive body contouring; however, the efficacy, safety, and long-term data remain unclear.
Objective:
To critically evaluate the current literature on the use of electromagnetic muscle stimulation for body contouring and provide a consensus on patient selection and long-term efficacy of AMS.
Materials and methods:
PubMed and Embase were searched using the terms: "HIFEM," "Electromagnetic therapy," and "muscle" or "Electrical stimulation muscle treatments" and "aesthetics." Studies involving the use of muscle stimulation for nonaesthetic/dermatologic, in vitro studies or studies involving animals were excluded.
Results:
Twenty studies in total were included [9 moderate-quality, 8 low-quality, and 3 very low‒quality studies] based on the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation scale, representing 521 patients. Body sites evaluated included the abdomen (378 patients), buttock (156 patients), arms (22 patients), and calves (15 patients).
Conclusion:
Electromagnetic muscle stimulation represents an effective therapeutic intervention for abdominal contouring that yields increased muscle thickness, and reduced abdominal fat thickness, for up to 1 year after treatment. Larger, controlled studies are needed to determine the efficacy of electromagnetic muscle stimulation alone for contouring of buttocks, thighs, arms, and calves.
Background:
Multiple non-invasive modalities have become popular alternatives to surgical procedures for body contouring.
Objective:
To analyze adverse events (AEs) associated with non-invasive body contouring devices reported through the Manufacturer and User Facility Device Experience (MAUDE) database.
Methods and materials:
The MAUDE database were queried for AEs associated with non-invasive body contouring devices between January 2011 and June 2021. An extensive list of keywords and brand and manufacturer names was used.
Results:
A total of 1,325 reports with 1,590 AEs were identified among 6 modalities. More than 70% were reported in the past 5 years. Cryolipolysis made up 38.3% reports, which mostly pertained to paradoxical hyperplasia and hernias. Radiofrequency had the most reports (41.9%). Like laser devices, most of their reports described burns. Focused ultrasound was commonly associated with unintentional fat loss and surface irregularities. Focused electromagnetic field resulted in only 7 reports.
Conclusion:
The analysis of present study supports previous studies concerning common local symptoms caused by these devices, but it also reveals complications not reported in previous device studies. This study highlights the importance of proper technique and adherence to device guidelines. Practitioners should be knowledgeable of potential complications from each device to both prevent and manage them accordingly.
Background Most of people, both men and women, have a desire to be in good shape. Currently, there are both surgical and non-surgical methods for body contouring. The surgery to reshape not only have major complications, such as surgical wound infection, surgical scarring and hematoma, but also has a high cost. Therefore, other methods have been used to shape the body without surgery including low-level laser therapy, cryolipolysis, radiofrequency, high-intensity focused ultrasound and high-intensity focused electromagnetic (HIFEM). By adjusting the shape with HIFEM, electromagnetic can penetrate the muscle layer well which does not cause pain and can also strengthen the muscles to be stronger as well. There have been previous studies studying the efficacy and side effects of using an HIFEM as muscle stimulation, but at the present there is no study in Thailand. Objectives To examine the efficacy of using HIFEM for non-invasive abdominal contouring in waist circumference and to examine the changes in abdominal subcutaneous fat thickness and rectus abdominis muscle thickness as well as side effects and satisfaction, as compared with 4 and 8 weeks follow-up. Methods In quasi-experiment study of 20 male and female aged 25-50 years with a BMI between 20-25 kg/m 2. After accepting the information and procedures for participating in the research and signed consent to participate in research, then proceeded to collect basic data, weigh, measure height and waist circumference by research doctor and measure the thickness of subcutaneous fat layer and rectus abdominis muscle with ultrasound by medical technician. Then proceed to attach the HIFEM which has been certified for importing medical devices by food and drug administration, ministry of public health, by the researcher who has been trained to use the HIFEM from the importing company. HIFEM attached on the abdomen between the sternum and pelvis or around the navel, every other day, 30 minutes each time, 6 times. The results were assessed by measuring the waist circumference, the change in the thickness of subcutaneous fat layer and the thickness of the rectus abdominis muscle as measured by ultrasound. Compared before study with 4 and 8 weeks follow-up after 6 sessions of waist tightening. Record any side effects that occur during or 4 and 8 weeks follow-up and assess satisfaction as well. Results The results showed that 20 people participated in the research until the end of the project. The mean age was 34.36.88 years, most of them were female accounted for 70%. The mean weight and BMI were 60.05 8.71 kg and 22.541.85 kg/m 2 , respectively. The waist circumference decreased by 2.34 and 0.46 cm, respectively, with statistical significance (p <0.001). The thickness of subcutaneous fat layer decreased by 1.24 and 1.25 mm, respectively, with statistical significance (p <0.001, p =0.003, respectively). And rectus abdominis muscle thickness increased by 1.19 and 0.68 mm, respectively, with statistical significance (p <0.001) at weeks 4 and 8 after complete waist tightening. The side effects were muscle pain and muscle fatigue in the area where the device was attached. Symptoms lasted for 1-2 days and went away on their own without treatment. After the end of the study, the majority of subjects had the greatest satisfaction with waist tightening at 90 percent. Conclusion HIFEM is effective in tightening the waist circumference, reducing the thickness of subcutaneous fat layer and thickening the rectus abdominis muscle with few side effects. Therefore, a HIFEM may be an alternative method to tighten the waistline for those who would like to be in good shape.
Background:
Radiographic imaging has demonstrated muscle hypertrophy after treatment with noninvasive body contouring devices that target skeletal muscles.
Objective:
This pilot study sought to evaluate whether increased muscle mass translated to improved functional strength and endurance.
Methods:
A prospective, single-center, randomized open-label controlled study included 26 subjects randomized into 3 groups: 2 treatment groups and 1 control group. Both treatment groups received 4 neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) treatments over a 2-week period. Muscle performance testing was conducted at baseline and 2-week and 4-week posttreatment. Anthropometric measurements were assessed at baseline and at 4-week posttreatment. Study participants completed subject satisfaction surveys and a personal experience assessment.
Results:
Treatment with NMES resulted in statistically significant improvements in abdominal and quadriceps strength and endurance from baseline through 4-week posttreatment. Mean waist circumference decreased and quadriceps circumference increased, both nonsignificantly. Subject satisfaction regarding abdominal and quadriceps strength was reported as "satisfied or very satisfied" in 89% and 92% at 4-week and 8-week posttreatment, respectively.
Conclusion:
Treatment of the abdomen and quadriceps with NMES leads to significant improvements in muscular strength and endurance.
Background
Non‐invasive body contouring has experienced recent growth. To meet demand, medical spas and non‐physician operators have grown. Insights into their practice can provide information on their impact.
Objective
Our study investigated the current market distribution of body contouring providers in the aesthetic field.
Materials and Methods
For the 30 most populous cities, data was collected for non‐invasive body contouring providers in medical spas and physician practices. Descriptive ratios were calculated, and various local factors were examined.
Results
The cities with the greatest number of body contouring providers were New York (138), Los Angeles (106), and Houston (87). Population size had a significant relationship, while median household income did not. For number of body contouring providers per 100,000 persons, the top cities were Austin (4.87), Houston (3.74), and Las Vegas (3.41). The mean ratio of providers in medical spas to physician practices was 1.81. In total, 70.0% of cities had equal or more body contouring providers in medical spas than physician practices.
Conclusion
Certain cities have experienced an unequal distribution of body contouring providers, and many cities favor medical spas over physician‐based practices.
OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the efficacy of a novel treatment method utilizing high-intensity focused electromagnetic field (HIFEM) in reducing fat and strengthening the muscles in the abdominal and gluteal areas. METHODS: A total of 14 patients, aged 23 to 49 years (mean: 33.2 years) received four treatments on the abdomen and/or buttocks, each lasting for 30 minutes. Ultrasound imaging was performed at baseline, immediately post-treatment, and eight weeks after the last treatment to examine the changes in thickness of the rectus abdominis and subcutaneous fat. Additionally, waist circumference, digital photographs, and patient satisfaction were collected at the same time points. The improvement in digital images was evaluated by practitioners and the patients themselves. RESULTS: Two months after the treatments, ultrasound measurements showed, on average, a 15.7-percent reduction of subcutaneous adipose tissue and an average increase in the thickness of the rectus abdominis muscle by 26.1 percent. The abdominal circumference of the treated patients showed an average decrease of 2.84 centimeters. Immediately following the final session, the patient's satisfaction was 87.5 percent; eight weeks later, it was 100 percent. During the patient evaluation of photographs, 25 percent of the patients rated their appearance as improved, 66.7 percent as significantly improved, and 8.3 percent as greatly improved. Using the Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale, the medical practitioners rated the patients as 100-percent improved. No relevant side effects of the treatment were documented. CONCLUSION: The data collected on the HIFEM procedure evaluated here are in line with the results from clinical studies and applications of this treatment in the United States. These results support the efficacy and tolerability of the HIFEM procedure. The treatment achieved high doctor and patient satisfaction.
The pelvic floor, as a functional muscle, is not only responsible for the function of the lower abdominal organs, but also has a significant influence on posture. Weakened muscles therefore have far-reaching effects. Aside from incontinence syndrome, which noticeably affects quality of life, weak pelvic floor muscles can also cause back pain. There is evidence that many pain syndromes are closely related to fasciae and muscles of the pelvic floor. The drugs used often have many side effects. Preventive measures are therefore highly recommended long before the onset of symptoms, especially since the muscles become weaker with age for physiological reasons. In addition to gymnastics performed under physiotherapeutic guidance, there is also pulse magnetic stimulation (PMS). This form of therapy is far less known, but also works very effectively on the back muscles and body balance. As has been shown in studies, compliance is far higher than with conventional pelvic floor training. Regular training of the pelvic floor muscles is not only an important measure for prevention, but also ensures well-being in terms of core strength. The “pelvic floor” problem affects women and men equally and is therefore also of importance in terms of health policy.
Background:
High-intensity focused electromagnetic (HIFEM) field procedure induces changes in the gluteal muscles and improves the aesthetic appearance of the buttocks.
Objective:
This study aims to objectively assess the hypertrophic response of the gluteal muscles after HIFEM treatments.
Materials and methods:
Seven subjects (40.00 ± 6.68 years) received 4, 30-minute HIFEM treatments of the buttocks. Magnetic resonance imaging of the pelvic region was obtained at baseline, 1-month, and 3-month follow-up to reconstruct 3D volumes of musculus gluteus maximus, medius, and minimus. Volumetric changes were calculated and statistically analyzed. Standardized photographs, weight measurements, patient satisfaction, treatment comfort, and adverse events were also documented.
Results:
Volumetric analysis revealed a significant increase (p = .001) in the size of the examined muscles at 1-month (+10.81 ± 1.60%) and 3-month (+13.23 ± 0.91%) follow-up. A more profound hypertrophic effect was seen in the upper buttock region. This translated into a visible buttock lifting, also captured by patient photography. Gluteal adipose tissue was insignificantly affected. Patients were satisfied, and they found the treatments comfortable. No adverse events were observed.
Conclusion:
Simultaneous enhancement of gluteal muscles was documented. This represents the first objective evaluation of the HIFEM-induced structural changes in the gluteal muscles and physiologic documentation of the aesthetic improvement previously reported by other authors.
This review comprises a technology overview, clinical background, and applications of high‐intensity focused electromagnetic technology (HIFEM). The physiology, mechanism of action, and dynamics of HIFEM will be discussed and its action on muscle fibers and fat elucidated. Clinical applications, body areas treated, and treatment parameters will be reviewed. Efficacy and safety results from multiple studies will be included.
The field of non-invasive body shaping has long been represented solely by fat reducing technologies, and the condition of the underlying muscles could be altered only by physical exercise. In 2018, high-intensity focused electromagnetic (HIFEM) technology was introduced to simultaneously tone and strengthen muscle and reduce fat. The technology is based on delivering focused electromagnetic fields into the treatment area, causing supramaximal muscle contractions. Clinical studies showed a significant reduction in subcutaneous white adipose tissue (sWAT) and an increase in muscle thickness (e.g., abdominal muscle) after a series of HIFEM treatments. The effect on both types of tissue was also confirmed by histological studies and was present in all imaging techniques (ultrasonography, magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography). With an effect of this kind, HIFEM technology has opened up a completely new segment in body contouring.
Non‐invasive body contouring is a rapidly growing field in cosmetic dermatology. Non‐invasive contouring devices improve the body's appearance through the removal of excess adipose tissue, particularly in areas in which fat persists despite optimal diet and exercise routine. The technology can also be used for skin tightening. This article reviews the five FDA‐approved non‐invasive body contouring modalities: cryolipolysis, laser, high‐intensity focused electromagnetic field, radiofrequency and high‐intensity focused ultrasound. These devices have emerged as a popular alternative to surgical body contouring due to their efficacy, favourable safety profile, minimal recovery time and reduced cost. Although they do not achieve the same results as liposuction, they are an attractive alternative for patients who do not want the risks or costs associated with surgery. When used appropriately and correctly, these devices have demonstrated excellent clinical efficacy and safety.
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