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Influence of Mixing Fine Powder of Tungsten(W) and Nickel (Ni) Upon Mechanical Behavior of Resin (Epoxy) 1*

Authors:
Salwa A. Abed at Middle Technical University
Salwa A. Abed
Ahmad Abbas Khalaf at Middle Technical University
Ahmad Abbas Khalaf
Malia Farhan at Middle Technical University
Malia Farhan
Hamid M. Mahan at Middle Technical University
Hamid M. Mahan
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Abstract and Figures

Present paper deals with a fine powder of tungsten (W) and nickel (Ni) reinforced epoxy (Sikadur R-52) in different weight percentage (0%, 2%, 5%). Mechanical tests consist of tensile; flexural; impact; hardness where implements on the composite specimens. The influence of filler consists of two metals (W)and (Ni) on the mechanical behavior of epoxy (Sikadur R-52) was studied .The study deal with two types of mixtures of specimens, the first one consists of epoxy and one of metal filler (nickel) or (tungsten) alone in different weight percentage (0% , 2% , 5%) and the second deal with metal fillers of (Ni &W) mixing together to study the influence mixture in mechanical behavior of epoxy. All tests carried out at room temperature and according to ASTM standards. The results indicated improvement in mechanical behavior of epoxy (Sikadur-52) especially at specimen prepared of composite (5%wt) of (W+Ni) casting together mean (2.5%wt of W and 2.5%Ni).
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Content may be subject to copyright.
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e
a
nd
b
e
nd
i
ng
a
nd
m
od
e
-I
fr
ac
t
u
r
e
.
T
e
n
s
il
e
s
t
r
e
ng
t
h
a
nd
w
ea
r
l
o
ss
g
r
a
du
a
ll
y
r
e
du
ce
d
w
it
h
t
h
e
i
n
c
r
ea
s
e
o
f
a
l
u
m
i
n
i
u
m
a
nd
c
opp
e
r
f
ill
e
r
r
e
i
n
f
o
r
ce
d
e
poxy
c
o
m
po
s
it
e
s
[
7
]
.
T
h
e
i
m
p
r
ov
e
m
e
n
t
o
f
m
ec
h
a
n
i
ca
l
p
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op
e
r
ti
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s
o
f
n
a
t
u
r
a
l
f
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b
e
r
r
e
i
n
f
o
r
ce
d
po
l
y
e
s
t
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r
c
o
m
po
s
it
e
s
w
a
s
s
t
ud
i
e
d
by
V
i
n
a
y
K
u
m
a
r
P
a
t
e
l
e
t
a
l
.
[
8
]
.
T
h
e
s
t
udy
d
ea
l
w
it
h
t
h
e
f
a
b
r
i
ca
ti
on
a
nd
phy
s
i
ca
l
,
m
ec
h
a
n
i
ca
l
o
f
t
h
r
ee
body
a
b
r
a
s
i
v
e
w
ea
r
a
nd
w
a
t
e
r
a
b
s
o
r
b
a
ti
on
b
e
h
a
v
i
o
r
o
f
n
a
t
u
r
a
l
f
i
b
e
r
r
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n
f
o
r
ce
d
po
l
y
e
s
t
e
r
c
o
m
po
s
it
e
s
w
it
h
a
nd
w
it
hou
t
a
dd
iti
on
o
f
m
i
c
r
o
-
f
ill
e
r
o
f
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l
2
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3
,
C
a
C
O
3
a
nd
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i
O
2
.
T
h
e
r
e
s
u
lt
s
s
ho
w
a
dd
iti
on
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i
c
r
o
-
p
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ti
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l
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i
m
p
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ov
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m
e
n
t
t
h
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phy
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ca
l
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nd
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ec
h
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n
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b
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h
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v
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f
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b
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s
t
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po
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it
e
s
i
n
d
e
s
ce
nd
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r
d
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o
f
(
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a
C
O
3
,
A
l
2
O
3
,
T
i
O
2
)
.
W
h
il
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h
e
r
e
s
ea
r
c
h
e
r
H
a
lil
B
.
K
a
yb
a
l
e
t
a
l
.
[
9
]
i
m
p
r
ov
e
t
h
e
i
m
p
ac
t
s
t
r
e
ng
t
h
o
f
ca
r
bon
f
i
b
e
r
r
e
i
n
f
o
r
ce
d
2290
*
C
o
rr
e
s
pond
i
ng
A
u
t
ho
r
:
Sa
l
w
a
A
.
A
b
e
d
,
E
m
a
il
i
d
:
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a
l
w
a77ha
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g
m
a
il
.
c
o
m
,
A
r
ti
c
l
e
H
i
s
t
o
r
y
:
R
ece
i
v
e
d
:
Oct
20
,
2018
,
,
A
cce
p
t
e
d
:
Nov
20
,
2018
J
ou
r
o
f
A
dv
R
e
s
ea
r
c
h
i
n
D
yn
a
m
i
ca
l
&
C
on
t
r
o
l
S
y
s
t
e
m
s
,
V
o
l
.
10
,
02
-
S
p
ec
i
a
l
I
ss
u
e
,
2018
e
poxy
a
dd
iti
on
n
a
nop
a
r
ti
c
l
e
s
(
A
l
2
O
3
)
.
M
a
ny
s
t
ud
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e
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h
a
v
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d
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l
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it
h
d
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ff
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t
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m
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it
h
d
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ff
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t
w
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gh
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rr
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d
ou
t
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xp
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m
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n
t
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l
t
o
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m
p
r
ov
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m
ec
h
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n
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ca
l
p
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ti
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nd
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t
h
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b
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v
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d
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ff
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r
e
n
t
c
ond
iti
on
o
f
e
poxy
r
e
s
i
n
[
10
-
23
]
.
.
I
n
p
r
e
s
e
n
t
p
a
p
e
r
e
xp
e
r
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m
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n
t
a
l
t
e
s
t
s
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f
m
a
ny
s
p
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m
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n
s
w
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r
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r
s
t
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h
e
i
n
f
l
u
e
n
ce
a
dd
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ng
m
e
t
a
l
f
ill
e
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on
m
ec
h
a
n
i
ca
l
b
e
h
a
v
i
o
r
o
f
e
poxy
t
yp
e
(
S
i
k
a
du
r-
52
)
.
T
h
e
f
ill
e
r
li
k
e
t
ung
s
t
e
n
(
W
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nd
n
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c
k
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l
(
N
i
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a
s
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s
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d
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ff
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t
w
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gh
t
p
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ce
n
t
a
g
e
(
0
%
,
2
%
,
5
%
)
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o
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t
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o
ca
s
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f
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m
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s
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f
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r
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l
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ill
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r
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r
(
N
i
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w
it
h
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t
t
h
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s
ec
ond
d
ea
l
w
it
h
t
w
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f
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r
(
W
+
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i
)
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og
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t
h
e
r
.
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R
e
s
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a
rc
h
M
a
t
er
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a
l
s
A
nd
M
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t
h
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d
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1
.
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ec
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f
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t
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f
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p
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nd
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a
r
d
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poxy
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n
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it
h
h
a
r
d
e
n
e
r
t
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e
(
S
i
k
a
du
r
R
-
52
)
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a
s
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s
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b
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t
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n
t
p
a
p
e
r
.
T
h
e
r
a
ti
o
o
f
h
a
r
d
e
n
e
r
a
nd
e
poxy
w
a
s
1
:
2
.
T
h
e
a
dd
i
ng
o
f
h
a
r
d
e
n
e
r
w
a
s
s
l
o
w
du
r
i
ng
s
ti
rr
i
ng
.
E
poxy
(
S
i
k
a
du
r
R
-
52
)
p
r
odu
c
ti
on
o
f
c
o
m
p
a
ny
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S
i
k
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Y
a
p
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k
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m
Y
a
s
a
ll
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n
A
.
S
/
I
s
t
a
nbu
l
D
e
r
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O
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g
.
S
A
n
.
B
o
l
g
e
s
i/
T
u
r
k
i
y
e
)
.
2
.
2
.
F
ill
er
M
a
t
er
i
a
l
s
A
nd
Sp
ec
i
m
e
n
s
.
T
h
e
m
a
t
e
r
i
a
l
s
o
f
f
ill
e
r
w
e
r
e
u
s
e
d
i
n
t
h
e
p
r
e
s
e
n
t
p
a
p
e
r
c
on
s
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s
t
o
f
t
w
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po
w
d
e
r
m
e
t
a
l
m
a
t
e
r
i
a
l
s
o
f
t
ung
s
t
e
n
(
W
)
a
nd
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i
c
k
e
l
(
N
i
)
.
T
h
e
pu
r
it
y
r
a
ti
o
f
o
r
bo
t
h
o
f
t
h
e
m
w
a
s
(
99
%
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a
nd
p
r
odu
c
ti
on
o
f
t
h
e
c
o
m
p
a
ny
o
f
(
B
DH
c
h
e
m
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ca
l
s
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d
poo
l
e
E
ng
l
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nd
)
.
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h
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a
t
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r
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l
o
f
s
p
ec
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m
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s
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ng
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l
v
e
t
o
t
yp
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f
m
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x
t
u
r
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n
d
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ff
e
r
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n
t
p
e
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ce
n
t
a
g
e
w
e
i
gh
t
(
0
%
,
2
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%
)
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t
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h
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f
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r
s
t
t
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e
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s
ca
s
ti
ng
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ung
s
t
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n
(
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nd
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c
k
e
l
(
N
i
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l
on
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w
it
h
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poxy
w
h
e
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ea
s
t
h
e
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ond
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yp
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ti
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by
m
i
x
t
u
r
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ung
s
t
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n
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nd
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k
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t
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h
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n
t
h
e
s
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m
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m
p
l
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f
o
r
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o
m
p
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r
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ti
v
e
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h
e
r
e
s
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lt
w
h
i
c
h
t
yp
e
i
s
e
ff
ec
ti
ng
m
o
r
e
t
h
a
n
a
no
t
h
e
r
on
(
M
.
P
)
o
f
e
poxy
a
t
e
nd
i
ng
.
T
a
b
l
e
(
1
)
s
ho
w
s
t
h
e
c
on
t
e
n
t
c
o
m
po
s
it
e
o
f
s
p
ec
i
m
e
n
s
.
T
h
e
ti
m
e
o
f
c
u
r
i
ng
w
a
s
a
bou
t
24
hou
r
s
a
t
r
oo
m
t
e
m
p
e
r
a
t
u
r
e
.
A
ll
p
r
e
p
a
r
e
d
s
p
ec
i
m
e
n
s
d
e
p
e
nd
on
t
h
e
d
i
m
e
n
s
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on
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f
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S
T
M
s
t
a
nd
a
r
d
s
F
o
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v
e
r
s
a
l
t
e
s
ti
ng
m
ac
h
i
n
e
D
638
-
t
yp
e
(
1
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a
t
d
i
m
e
n
s
i
on
(
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x
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)
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l
e
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r
a
l
t
e
s
t
a
t
A
S
T
M
D
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t
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nd
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r
d
s
w
it
h
d
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m
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n
s
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on
(
100x10x5
)
mm
,
s
h
a
r
py
i
m
p
ac
t
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t
A
S
T
M
-
E
23
w
it
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m
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on
(
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a
nd
H
a
r
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a
t
A
S
T
M
2240
w
it
h
d
i
m
e
n
s
i
on
(
10x10x5
)
mm
.
F
i
gu
r
e
(
1
)
s
ho
w
s
t
h
e
a
ll
d
i
m
e
n
s
i
on
s
o
f
s
p
ec
i
m
e
n
s
a
nd
F
i
gu
r
e
(
2
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s
ho
w
s
t
h
e
s
h
a
p
e
o
f
p
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p
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r
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d
m
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l
d
.
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ea
t
t
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ea
t
m
e
n
t
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s
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e
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o
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m
e
d
f
o
r
a
ll
s
a
m
p
l
e
s
i
n
a
f
u
r
n
ace
a
t
(
60
Ċ
º
)
f
o
r
a
p
e
r
i
od
o
f
(
4
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hou
r
s
[
24
]
.
T
a
b
l
e
(
1
)
s
ho
w
s
t
h
e
c
on
t
e
n
t
c
o
m
po
s
it
e
o
f
s
p
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m
e
n
s
N
o
.
O
f
Sp
ec
i
m
e
n
s
Epoxy
N
i
c
k
e
l
(
N
i
)
W
t
%
Tungste
n
(
W
)
W
t
%
X1
100
-
-
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95
5
-
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98
2
-
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95
-
5
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98
-
2
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2.5
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1
1
F
i
gu
r
e
(
1
)
s
ho
w
s
a
ll
s
p
ec
i
m
e
n
s
d
i
m
e
n
s
i
on
2291
*
C
o
rr
e
s
pond
i
ng
A
u
t
ho
r
:
Sa
l
w
a
A
.
A
b
e
d
,
E
m
a
il
i
d
:
s
a
l
w
a77ha
@
g
m
a
il
.
c
o
m
,
A
r
ti
c
l
e
H
i
s
t
o
r
y
:
R
ece
i
v
e
d
:
Oct
20
,
2018
,
,
A
cce
p
t
e
d
:
Nov
20
,
2018
F
i
gu
r
e
(
2
)
s
ho
w
s
t
h
e
s
h
a
p
e
o
f
p
r
e
p
a
r
e
d
m
o
l
d
3.
T
h
e
R
e
s
u
l
t
s
O
f
E
x
p
er
i
m
e
n
t
a
l
P
a
r
t
.
T
h
e
s
p
ec
i
m
e
n
s
w
e
r
e
p
r
e
p
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r
e
d
i
n
t
h
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e
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n
t
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ea
r
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h
t
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t
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n
m
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t
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a
l
l
a
bo
r
a
t
o
r
y
o
f
M
a
t
e
r
i
a
l
E
ng
i
n
ee
r
i
ng
o
f
T
ec
hno
l
ogy
U
n
i
v
e
r
s
it
y
/
B
a
ghd
a
d
acc
o
r
d
i
ng
t
o
A
S
T
M
s
t
a
nd
a
r
d
s
.
T
h
e
t
e
s
t
s
i
nvo
l
v
e
(
T
e
n
s
il
e
t
e
s
t
,
i
m
p
ac
t
t
e
s
t
,
h
a
r
dn
e
ss
t
e
s
t
,
f
l
e
xu
r
a
l
s
t
r
e
ng
t
h
)
.
T
a
b
l
e
(
2
)
s
ho
w
s
t
h
e
e
xp
e
r
i
m
e
n
t
a
l
r
e
s
u
lt
s
.
T
a
b
l
e
2
s
ho
w
s
t
h
e
e
xp
e
r
i
m
e
n
t
a
l
r
e
s
u
lt
s
S
a
m
p
l
e
N
o
.
H
a
r
dn
e
ss
F
l
e
xu
r
a
l
strength
M
p
a
I
m
p
ac
t
strength
K
J
/
mm
2
X1
76.8
72.35
9.93
X2
80.33
47.77
13
X3
79.73
52.37
8.21
X4
80.53
57.30
5.42
X5
79
50.15
6.5
X6
81
74.45
14.75
X7
79.13
55.01
4.23
3.1.
T
e
n
s
il
e
S
t
re
n
g
t
h
I
t
i
s
i
m
po
r
t
a
n
t
t
o
d
e
t
e
r
m
i
n
e
t
h
e
a
b
ilit
y
o
f
s
t
r
u
c
t
u
r
a
l
a
g
a
i
n
s
t
t
e
n
s
i
on
l
o
a
d
i
ng
.
T
h
i
s
t
e
s
ti
ng
i
s
v
e
r
y
i
m
po
r
t
a
n
t
t
o
und
e
r
s
t
a
nd
t
h
e
b
e
h
a
v
i
o
r
o
f
c
o
m
po
s
it
e
m
a
t
e
r
i
a
l
und
e
r
li
k
e
l
o
a
d
i
ng
.
T
h
e
s
p
ec
i
m
e
n
s
o
f
t
e
n
s
il
e
t
e
s
t
e
d
by
un
i
v
e
r
s
a
l
t
e
s
ti
ng
m
ac
h
i
n
e
acc
o
r
d
i
ng
t
o
A
S
T
M
638
s
t
a
nd
a
r
d
s
.
F
i
gu
r
e
(
3
)
s
ho
w
s
t
h
e
r
e
l
a
ti
on
b
e
t
w
ee
n
t
e
n
s
il
e
s
t
r
e
ng
t
h
o
f
e
poxy
(
S
i
k
a
du
r
a
R
-
52
)
w
it
h
d
i
ff
e
r
e
n
t
w
e
i
gh
t
(
0
%
,
2
%
,
5
%
)
o
f
f
ill
e
r
s
f
o
r
s
e
v
e
n
s
p
ec
i
m
e
n
s
a
nd
i
s
ob
s
e
r
v
e
d
t
ung
s
t
e
n
i
n
f
l
u
e
n
ce
m
o
r
e
t
h
a
n
N
i
on
t
e
n
s
il
e
p
r
op
e
r
ti
e
s
.
T
h
e
r
e
s
u
lt
s
i
nd
i
ca
t
e
d
i
n
c
r
ea
s
i
ng
i
n
t
e
n
s
il
e
s
t
r
e
ng
t
h
a
t
s
p
ec
i
m
e
n
N
o
.
X
6
w
h
i
c
h
ca
s
ti
ng
a
t
5
%
w
t
o
r
(
2
.
5
%
W
+
2
.
5
%
N
i
)
t
og
e
t
h
e
r
.
F
i
gu
r
e
3
:
s
ho
w
s
t
h
e
e
ff
ec
t
o
f
d
i
ff
e
r
e
n
t
c
on
t
e
n
t
(
W
t
%
)
w
it
h
T
e
n
s
il
e
S
t
r
e
ng
t
h
.
3.2.
F
l
e
x
t
u
r
a
l
S
t
re
n
g
t
h
I
t
i
s
d
e
t
e
r
m
i
n
e
o
f
m
a
t
e
r
i
a
l
a
s
h
i
gh
e
s
t
s
t
r
e
ss
j
u
s
t
b
e
f
o
r
e
it
y
i
e
l
d
t
e
s
t
s
w
e
r
e
i
m
p
l
e
m
e
n
t
e
d
by
u
s
i
ng
3
po
i
n
t
b
e
nd
i
ng
(
A
S
T
M
D
790
)
.
T
h
e
f
l
e
xu
r
a
l
s
t
r
e
ng
t
h
a
t
s
p
ec
i
m
e
n
N
o
.
X
6
i
s
m
o
r
e
i
m
p
r
ov
e
o
f
f
l
e
xu
r
a
l
p
r
op
e
r
ti
e
s
t
h
a
n
o
t
h
e
r
s
s
p
ec
i
m
e
n
s
T
h
e
c
on
t
e
n
t
o
f
s
p
ec
i
m
e
n
N
o
.
X
6
t
o
t
a
ll
y
5
%
w
t
o
f
t
h
e
m
.
A
s
s
ho
w
n
i
n
f
i
gu
r
e
(
4
)
.
F
r
o
m
o
t
h
e
r
s
p
ec
i
m
e
n
s
ob
s
e
r
v
e
d
t
ung
s
t
e
n
i
s
m
o
r
e
e
ff
ec
t
t
h
a
n
N
i
a
nd
l
ea
d
t
o
i
n
c
r
ea
s
e
f
l
e
xu
r
a
l
p
r
op
e
r
ti
e
s
.
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
X1 X2 X3 X4 X5 X6 X7
r
a
t
e
o
f
F
ill
e
r
C
on
t
e
n
t
(
w
t
%
)
T
e
n
s
il
e
S
t
r
e
ng
t
h
(
M
P
a
)
J
ou
r
o
f
A
dv
R
e
s
ea
r
c
h
i
n
D
yn
a
m
i
ca
l
&
C
on
t
r
o
l
S
y
s
t
e
m
s
,
V
o
l
.
10
,
02
-
S
p
ec
i
a
l
I
ss
u
e
,
2018
F
i
gu
r
e
4
:
s
ho
w
t
h
e
e
ff
ec
t
o
f
d
i
ff
e
r
e
n
t
c
on
t
e
n
t
(
W
t
%
)
w
it
h
F
l
e
xu
r
a
l
S
t
r
e
ng
t
h
3.3.
I
m
p
a
c
t
S
t
re
n
g
t
h
T
h
i
s
t
e
s
t
i
nd
i
ca
t
e
s
o
f
m
a
t
e
r
i
a
l
’
s
t
oughn
e
ss
a
nd
it
s
r
e
f
l
ec
t
t
h
e
a
b
ilit
y
t
o
a
b
s
o
r
b
e
n
e
r
gy
du
r
i
ng
t
h
e
p
l
a
s
ti
c
d
e
f
o
r
m
a
ti
on
h
a
pp
e
n
i
ng
i
n
m
a
t
e
r
i
a
l
s
.
F
i
gu
r
e
(
5
)
s
ho
w
s
ho
w
t
h
e
N
i
a
v
a
il
a
b
l
e
l
ea
d
t
o
i
n
c
r
ea
s
e
d
t
h
e
i
m
p
ac
t
s
t
r
e
ng
t
h
c
o
m
p
a
r
a
ti
v
e
w
it
h
t
ung
s
t
e
n
a
v
a
il
a
b
l
e
i
n
o
t
h
e
r
s
p
ec
i
m
e
n
t
h
e
r
e
f
o
r
t
h
e
e
ff
ec
t
o
f
f
ill
e
r
s
5
%
upon
i
m
p
ac
t
s
t
r
e
ng
t
h
i
s
c
l
ea
r
l
y
a
t
s
p
ec
i
m
e
n
N
o
.
X
6
a
g
a
i
n
ca
u
s
e
d
i
m
p
r
ov
e
i
n
i
m
p
ac
t
p
r
op
e
r
t
y
o
f
e
poxy
.
F
i
gu
r
e
5
:
s
ho
w
s
t
h
e
e
ff
ec
t
o
f
d
i
ff
e
r
e
n
t
c
on
t
e
n
t
(
W
t
%
)
w
it
h
I
m
p
ac
t
S
t
r
e
ng
t
h
.
3.4.
Hardness Property
I
t
i
s
r
e
f
l
ec
ti
ng
t
o
r
e
s
i
s
t
a
n
ce
o
f
m
a
t
e
r
i
a
l
a
g
a
i
n
s
t
o
f
a
b
r
a
s
i
on
,
p
e
n
e
t
r
a
ti
on
a
nd
i
nd
e
n
t
a
ti
on
.
T
h
e
t
e
s
t
i
m
p
l
e
m
e
n
t
s
und
e
r
p
r
e
ss
u
r
e
a
nd
w
a
s
ca
rr
i
e
d
ou
t
by
A
S
T
M
D
2240
.
F
r
o
m
t
h
e
c
o
m
po
s
iti
on
s
p
ec
i
m
e
n
s
obv
i
ou
s
c
onv
e
r
g
e
n
ce
i
n
r
e
s
u
lt
s
bu
t
,
t
ung
s
t
e
n
g
a
v
e
a
littl
e
i
n
c
r
ea
s
i
ng
i
n
h
a
r
dn
e
ss
c
o
m
p
a
r
a
ti
v
e
w
it
h
n
i
c
k
e
l
a
nd
t
h
e
b
e
s
t
r
e
s
u
lt
w
a
s
i
n
s
p
ec
i
m
e
n
N
o
.
X
6
A
s
shown in figure (6).
2293
*
C
o
rr
e
s
pond
i
ng
A
u
t
ho
r
:
Sa
l
w
a
A
.
A
b
e
d
,
E
m
a
il
i
d
:
s
a
l
w
a77ha
@
g
m
a
il
.
c
o
m
,
A
r
ti
c
l
e
H
i
s
t
o
r
y
:
R
ece
i
v
e
d
:
Oct
20
,
2018
,
,
A
cce
p
t
e
d
:
Nov
20
,
2018
C
on
t
e
n
t
o
f
F
ill
e
r
(
W
t
%
)
X7
X6
X5
X4
X3
X2
X1
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
I
m
p
ac
t
o
f
S
t
r
e
ng
t
h
(
kJ
/
mm
2
)
F
i
gu
r
e
6
:
s
ho
w
s
t
h
e
e
ff
ec
t
o
f
d
i
ff
e
r
e
n
t
c
on
t
e
n
t
(
W
t
%
)
w
it
h
H
a
r
dn
e
ss
.
4.
R
e
s
u
l
t
s
A
nd
D
i
s
c
u
ss
i
o
n
F
o
r
a
n
a
l
y
s
i
s
o
f
t
h
e
e
xp
e
r
i
m
e
n
t
a
l
r
e
s
u
lt
s
c
l
ea
r
l
y
a
pp
ea
r
i
m
p
r
ov
e
m
e
n
t
i
n
m
ec
h
a
n
i
ca
l
p
r
op
e
r
ti
e
s
o
f
e
poxy
(
S
i
k
a
du
r
R
-
52
)
a
nd
t
h
e
e
xp
l
a
n
a
ti
on
a
s
f
o
ll
o
w
i
ng
:
4.1.
T
e
n
s
il
e
S
t
r
e
ng
t
h
w
a
s
h
i
gh
i
n
s
p
ec
i
m
e
n
s
N
o
.
(
X
4
)
a
nd
(
X
5
)
w
it
h
(
5
%
,
2
%
)
w
t
.
o
f
W
r
e
s
p
ec
ti
v
e
l
y
c
o
m
p
a
r
e
d
w
it
h
s
p
ec
i
m
e
n
s
N
o
.
(
X
2
)
a
nd
(
X
3
)
w
it
h
(
5
%
,
2
%
)
w
t
.
o
f
N
i
r
e
s
p
ec
ti
v
e
l
y
.
t
h
e
pu
r
e
t
ung
s
t
e
n
w
a
s
t
h
e
m
a
i
n
r
ea
s
on
w
h
i
c
h
ca
u
s
e
d
i
n
c
r
ea
s
i
ng
i
n
t
e
n
s
il
e
s
t
r
e
ng
t
h
b
eca
u
s
e
t
ung
s
t
e
n
i
s
du
c
til
e
m
a
t
e
r
i
a
l
ca
u
s
e
d
a
c
ov
a
l
e
n
t
bond
.
A
l
s
o
t
h
e
s
p
ec
i
m
e
n
w
it
h
N
o
.
X
6
i
nd
i
ca
t
e
d
good
r
e
s
u
lt
c
o
m
p
a
r
e
w
it
h
o
t
h
e
r
s
o
f
t
h
e
s
a
m
e
r
ea
s
on
.
4.2.
H
a
r
dn
e
ss
p
r
op
e
r
t
y
h
a
d
b
ee
n
e
ff
ec
t
e
d
by
f
ill
e
r
s
.
T
h
e
e
ff
ec
t
o
f
W
a
nd
N
i
f
o
r
a
ll
s
p
ec
i
m
e
n
s
a
t
d
i
ff
e
r
e
n
t
w
e
i
gh
t
p
e
r
ce
n
t
a
g
e
h
a
d
a
pp
r
ox
i
m
a
t
e
l
y
c
onv
e
r
g
e
n
t
r
e
s
u
lt
s
.
4.3.
F
l
e
xu
r
a
l
S
t
e
ng
t
h
m
ov
e
t
o
w
a
r
d
s
i
n
c
r
ea
s
i
ng
b
e
e
ff
ec
t
e
d
fr
o
m
t
ung
s
t
e
n
f
ill
e
r
c
o
m
p
a
r
a
ti
v
e
w
it
h
n
i
c
k
e
l
.
H
i
gh
l
e
v
e
l
o
f
f
l
e
xu
r
a
l
s
t
r
e
ng
t
h
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ll
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a
nd
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i
fr
o
m
du
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til
e
m
a
t
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i
a
l
.
4.4.
I
m
p
ac
t
s
t
r
e
ng
t
h
e
ff
ec
t
e
d
by
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i
f
ill
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r
m
o
r
e
t
h
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n
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l
y
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n
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s
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r
e
s
u
lt
s
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h
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t
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ng
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nd
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s
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w
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[
on
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m
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.
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l
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t
(
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.
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P
a
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.
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li
gh
t
i
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.
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a
l
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eac
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o
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p
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4
-
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m
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op
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m
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t
m
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.
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l
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e
a
bou
t
(
14
.
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P
a
)
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n
s
p
ec
i
m
e
n
X
6
.
A
t
f
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n
a
l
a
ll
r
e
s
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lt
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ho
w
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d
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m
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t
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n
M
.
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f
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h
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s
ti
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m
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h
e
r
5
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t
o
f
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&
N
i
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t
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6
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m
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n
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o
m
p
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r
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d
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ec
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m
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n
s
ca
s
t
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it
h
on
e
m
e
t
a
l
f
ill
e
r
(
W
)
o
r
(
N
i
)
.
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c
kn
o
w
l
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d
g
m
e
n
t
T
h
i
s
w
o
r
k
w
a
s
s
uppo
r
t
e
d
by
t
h
e
m
ec
h
a
n
i
ca
l
d
e
p
a
r
t
m
e
n
t
/
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ec
hn
i
ca
l
I
n
s
tit
u
t
e
o
f
B
a
qub
a
a
nd
T
h
e
a
u
t
ho
r
s
w
ou
l
d
li
k
e
t
o
ac
kno
w
l
e
dg
e
t
h
e
m
ec
h
a
n
i
ca
l
l
a
bo
r
a
t
o
r
y
s
t
a
ff
.
R
e
f
ere
n
ce
s
[1]
W
s
K
h
a
r
a
t
a
nd
J
S
S
i
dhu
(
2016
)
,
“
D
e
v
e
l
op
m
e
n
t
o
f
poxy
b
a
s
e
d
c
o
m
po
s
it
e
s
f
ill
e
d
w
it
h
bo
r
on
C
a
r
b
i
d
e
(
B
4
C
)
,
T
ung
s
t
e
n
D
i
s
u
l
ph
i
d
e
(
W
S
2
)
a
nd
E
v
a
l
u
a
ti
on
o
f
it
s
M
ec
h
a
n
i
ca
l
p
r
op
e
r
ti
e
s
”
.
I
n
t
e
r
n
a
ti
on
a
l
J
ou
r
n
a
l
o
f
M
ec
h
a
n
i
ca
l
E
ng
i
n
ee
r
i
ng
R
e
s
ea
r
c
h
,
V
o
l
u
m
e
6
,
N
u
-
b
e
r
1
,
PP
19
-
30
.
[2]
M
r
.
A
n
il
S
.
P
o
l
,
e
t
a
l
.
“
M
ec
h
a
n
i
ca
l
p
r
op
e
r
ti
e
s
o
f
T
i
O
2
a
nd
W
C
R
e
i
n
f
o
r
ce
d
E
poxy
R
e
s
i
n
C
o
m
po
s
it
e
s
”
I
J
S
R
D
,
V
o
l
u
m
e
4
,
I
SS
U
06
,
PP
162
-
164
,
2016
.
[3]
T
.
J
.
V
og
l
e
r
e
t
a
l
.,
“
D
yn
a
m
i
c
b
e
h
a
v
i
o
r
o
f
t
ung
s
t
e
n
ca
r
b
i
e
d
a
nd
a
l
u
m
i
n
a
f
ill
e
d
e
poxy
c
o
m
po
s
it
e
s
”
J
ou
r
n
a
l
o
f
A
pp
li
e
d
P
hy
s
i
c
s
107
,
043520
(
2010
)
.
[4]
S
ub
it
a
B
h
a
g
a
t
e
t
a
l
.,
“
E
ff
ec
t
o
f
G
r
a
ph
it
e
f
ill
e
r
on
m
ec
h
a
n
i
ca
l
b
e
h
a
v
i
o
r
o
f
e
poxy
c
o
m
po
s
it
e
s
”
I
n
t
e
r
n
a
ti
on
a
l
J
o
r
n
a
l
o
f
E
m
e
r
g
i
ng
T
ec
hno
l
ogy
a
nd
A
dv
a
n
ce
d
E
ng
i
n
ee
r
i
ng
,
vo
l
.
3
,
I
ss
u
e
2
,
2013
.
[5]
R
i
ca
r
do
B
a
p
ti
s
t
a
e
t
a
l
.,
“
A
n
e
xp
e
r
i
m
e
n
t
a
l
s
t
udy
on
m
ec
h
a
n
i
ca
l
p
r
op
e
r
ti
e
s
o
f
e
poxy
-
m
a
t
r
i
x
c
o
m
po
s
it
e
s
c
on
t
a
i
n
i
ng
g
r
a
ph
it
e
f
ill
e
r
”
P
r
o
ce
d
i
a
S
t
r
u
c
t
u
r
a
l
I
n
t
e
g
r
a
t
y
1
(
2016
)
074
-
081
.
81
80
79
78
77
76
75
74
X1 X2 X3 X4 X5 X6 X7
C
on
t
e
n
t
o
f
F
ill
e
r
(
w
t
%
)
Hardness
J
ou
r
o
f
A
dv
R
e
s
ea
r
c
h
i
n
D
yn
a
m
i
ca
l
&
C
on
t
r
o
l
S
y
s
t
e
m
s
,
V
o
l
.
10
,
02
-
S
p
ec
i
a
l
I
ss
u
e
,
2018
[6]
B
a
s
a
pp
a
H
u
l
ug
a
pp
a
e
t
a
l
.,
“
E
ff
ec
t
o
f
f
ill
e
r
s
on
m
ec
h
a
n
i
ca
l
p
r
op
e
r
ti
e
d
a
nd
fr
ac
t
u
r
e
t
oughn
e
ss
o
f
g
l
a
ss
f
a
b
r
i
c
r
e
i
n
f
o
r
ce
d
e
poxy
c
o
m
po
s
it
e
s
”
J
ou
r
n
a
l
o
f
m
i
n
e
r
a
l
s
a
nd
m
a
t
e
r
i
a
l
s
c
h
a
r
ac
t
e
r
i
za
ti
on
a
nd
engineering,2016,vol.4,pp.(1-14).
[7]
V
.
K
.
S
r
i
v
a
s
t
a
v
a
,
A
n
s
u
l
V
e
r
m
a
,
“
M
ec
h
a
n
i
ca
l
b
e
h
a
v
i
o
r
o
f
c
opp
e
r
a
nd
a
l
u
m
i
n
i
u
m
p
a
r
ti
c
l
e
s
r
e
i
n
f
o
r
ce
d
e
poxy
r
e
s
i
n
c
o
m
po
s
it
e
s
”
A
m
e
r
i
ca
n
J
o
r
n
a
l
o
f
M
a
t
e
r
i
a
l
s
S
c
i
e
n
ce
2015
,
vo
l
.
5
,
pp
.
(
84
-
89
)
.
[8]
V
i
ny
K
u
m
a
r
P
a
t
e
l
e
t
a
l
.,
“
I
n
f
l
u
e
n
ce
o
f
C
a
C
O
3
,
A
l
2
O
3
a
nd
T
i
O
2
M
i
c
r
o
f
ill
e
r
s
on
phy
s
i
c
o
-
m
ec
h
a
n
i
ca
l
p
r
op
e
r
ti
e
s
o
f
L
u
ff
a
c
y
li
nd
r
i
ca
l
po
l
y
e
s
t
e
r
c
o
m
po
s
it
e
s
”
E
ng
i
n
ee
r
i
ng
S
c
i
e
n
ce
a
nd
T
ec
hno
l
ogy
,
a
n
I
n
t
e
r
n
a
ti
on
a
l
J
ou
r
n
a
l
vo
l
.
19
(2016) ,pp.676-683.
[9]
H
a
lil
B
.
K
a
yb
a
l
e
t
a
l
.,
“
E
ff
ec
t
o
f
a
l
u
m
i
n
a
n
a
nop
a
r
ti
c
l
e
s
on
dyn
a
m
i
c
i
m
p
ac
t
r
e
s
pon
s
e
s
o
f
ca
r
bon
f
i
b
e
r
r
e
i
n
f
o
r
ce
d
e
poxy
m
a
t
r
i
x
n
a
no
c
o
m
po
s
it
e
s
”
E
ng
i
n
ee
r
i
ng
S
c
i
e
n
ce
a
nd
T
ec
hno
l
ogy
,
a
n
I
n
t
e
r
n
a
ti
on
a
l
J
ou
r
n
a
l
vo
l
.
21
(
2018
)
,399-407.
[10]
V
ij
a
y
BR
,
S
r
i
k
a
n
t
a
pp
a
A
S
,
“
M
ec
h
a
n
i
ca
l
C
h
a
r
ac
t
e
r
i
za
ti
on
o
f
C
a
r
bon
F
i
b
e
r
R
e
i
n
f
o
r
ce
d
E
poxy
C
o
m
po
s
it
e
w
it
h
&
w
it
hou
t
M
O
S
2
F
ill
e
r
”
I
J
E
R
T
,
V
o
l
.
5
,
PP
613
-
616
,
2016
.
[11]
X
i
ny
i
ng
L
V
e
t
a
l
.
“
M
ec
h
a
n
i
ca
l
P
r
op
e
r
t
y
o
f
N
a
no
-
P
a
r
ti
c
l
e
s
R
e
i
n
f
o
r
ce
d
E
poxy
R
e
s
i
n
C
o
m
po
s
it
e
M
a
t
e
r
i
a
l
s
”
A
dv
a
n
ce
d
M
a
t
e
r
i
a
l
s
R
e
s
ea
r
c
h
V
o
l
s
.
181
-
182
(
2011
)
PP
.
99
-
102
.
[12]
S
a
n
t
o
s
h
S
.
D
e
v
t
a
l
e
e
t
a
l
.
“
S
t
udy
o
f
M
ec
h
a
n
i
ca
l
P
r
op
e
r
ti
e
s
o
f
E
poxy
C
o
m
po
s
it
e
s
F
ill
e
d
w
it
h
F
ill
e
r
H
B
N
”
J
ET
I
R
(I
SS
N
-
2349
-
5162
)
(
2015
)
,
V
o
l
.
2
,
I
ss
u
e
8
.
[13]
J
S
S
i
dhu
e
t
a
l
.
“
D
e
v
e
l
op
m
e
n
t
o
f
e
poxy
c
o
m
po
s
it
e
F
ill
e
d
w
it
h
M
i
c
r
o
T
ung
s
t
e
n
D
i
s
u
l
ph
i
d
e
P
a
r
ti
c
l
e
s
&
it
s
M
ec
h
a
n
i
ca
l
P
r
op
e
r
ti
e
s
”
A
dv
a
n
ce
d
M
a
t
e
r
i
a
l
R
e
s
ea
r
c
h
(
2014
)
,
V
o
l
.
875
,
PP
.
288
-
294
.
[14]
H
a
m
i
d
M
.
M
a
h
a
n
e
t
a
l
.
“
E
ff
ec
t
o
f
S
ili
ca
P
a
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... Another study dealt with the effect of adding varying weight percentages of tungsten and copper powder on the mechanical properties of epoxy compounds. The results showed a clear improvement in the properties of epoxy composites, and the ideal condition was recorded with a weight ratio of 5 % [9]. Our review of studies on the mechanical properties and thermal conductivity of polymer composites indicates that the available publications relate only to certain aspects of the influence of different parameters on the mechanical properties of epoxy composites. ...
252719-Article Text-582690-1-10-20220303
Article
Full-text available
  • Mar 2022
... Another study dealt with the effect of adding varying weight percentages of tungsten and copper powder on the mechanical properties of epoxy compounds. The results showed a clear improvement in the properties of epoxy composites, and the ideal condition was recorded with a weight ratio of 5 % [9]. Our review of studies on the mechanical properties and thermal conductivity of polymer composites indicates that the available publications relate only to certain aspects of the influence of different parameters on the mechanical properties of epoxy composites. ...
Optimization of mechanical properties of recycled polyurethane waste microfiller epoxy composites using grey relational analysis and Taguchi method
Article
Full-text available
  • Feb 2022
Mechanical properties and thermal conductivity of epoxy composites reinforced with recycled clamshell container waste as a micro filler (RCCF) were studied. The studies have been carried out to identify the influence of the two variables, the heating time periods (HT) within the range of 2, 4, 6 min., and wt % within the range of 1 %, 2 %, 4 % of recycled clamshell container waste that has been used as a reinforcing filler of epoxy composites. Recycling polyurethane waste aims to control and maintain a pollution-free environment, which is currently considered a difficult issue in addition to achieving low-cost aspects in preparing the composites. According to the method of no-combustion heating, the clamshell waste was converted from the natural plastic state into solids that were later made into 75 μm micro filler by grinding. Composites were ranked using grey relational analysis (GRA). The effect of each control parameter on response variables was analyzed by the Taguchi method. Using MINITAB 19 software, regression equations were obtained for each variable of mechanical properties and thermal conductivity to predict the properties of epoxy composites. The results of the addition of recycled clamshell container waste to epoxy resin show an improvement in the mechanical properties and thermal conductivity of the composites. The optimal value of the two factors was at HT2wt2, i. e. HT and wt % of 4 min and 2 %, respectively. The optimization values for the bending strength, impact strength, tensile strength, stiffness and thermal conductivity are 68.2 MPa, 10.348 kJ/m2, 21.08 MPa, 80 Shore D and 0.504 W/m⋅C°, respectively. The proposed Taguchi methodology based on grey relational analysis has been shown to be effective in solving multi-feature decision-making problems
... %) to the epoxy resin and mixed for 10-15 minutes. The mixture was stirred in a sonication bath at 50 °C to ensure homogeneous dispersion of the nanoparticles, because of using the ultrasonic system, it has been a high energy level used to cause dispersion of nanoparticles in epoxy with a lot of bubbles and collapse processes [16][17][18]. The hardener was added and mixed well for 5 minutes, mixing of the epoxy resin with the hardener in a 2:1 w/w ratio according to the supplier datasheet. ...
Investigates The Effect of Magnetite (Fe 3 O 4 ) Nanoparticles on Mechanical Properties of Epoxy Resin
Article
Full-text available
  • Jan 2021
polymer nanocomposites, mechanical properties, microstructure. In this paper, study the effects of magnetite nanomaterial Fe 3 O 4 on the mechanical properties of epoxy. Dispersion of Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles in the epoxy resin was performed by ultrasonication. The samples of the nanocomposites were prepared using the casting method. The nanocomposites contain epoxy resins as a matrix material incorporated by different weight percentages of magnetite Fe 3 O 4 that varies from 0wt.% to 15wt.% as a reinforcing material. The epoxy with the additive reinforcement materials Fe 3 O 4 was slowly mixed in a sonication bath for 15 minutes, then the mixture poured into silicon molds. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy FESEM and X-ray diffraction spectra XRD were used to characterize the morphological and structural properties of preparing samples and the distribution of Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles to the epoxy resin. Mechanical testing consists of tensile, hardness shore, and three-point flexural tests were performed on the samples at room temperature according to ASTM standards. The results showed that reinforcement by 15wt.% of Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles maximizes these mechanical properties of nanocomposites compared with pure epoxy except for the young modulus's preferred weight at 9 wt.%, this is due to aggregation of the additives nanomaterials in epoxy resin above 9 wt.%.
... EGN coated with 10wt.% amine terminated poly rubber [15]. The multi walled carbon Nanotube (MWCNTS) reinforced epoxy composites were studied to develop composites for cryogenic use. ...
Experiential Analysis of Mechanical Properties and Strain Energy of Epoxy/Micro Filler Cu-Ni Composite
Article
  • Apr 2020
Epoxy and their composites used as stand by to metal and alloys In wide engineering application therefore the objective of many studies to improve the mechanical behavior of epoxy composites .Current research proposes composite made by incorporation of Ni-Cu micro fillers reinforced epoxy.The mechanical properties and strain energy of proposal composite of fillers Ni-Cu reinforced epoxy were investigated .The research deal with different weight percentage of fillers (2%,5%) and each weight percentage include implicitly distributed equivalent to wt.% that used in Ni-Cu alloys (70/30) and (90/10) in order to prevent corrosion between base metal alloys and epoxy composite if it is used for coating.The result shows that the strain energy and mechanical properties were improved with adopted the distributed at composition of composite that is used in current study. The best and maximum results achieved at composite C9 at (2wt. %) fillers with implicitly distributed (70%Cu+30%Ni).
Effect of Silica Particles on the Enhancement of Mechanical Properties and Thermal Conductivity of the Epoxy Composites 1*
Article
Full-text available
  • May 2018
In the present research, the effect of micro silica (sio 2) percentage on mechanical properties as well as the thermal conductivity properties of the epoxy compound with different Weight amount (5%,10%,15%,20%,25%) to the resin. Glacial silica particle size was introduced in 8 μm, therefore, Mechanical tests, which include: hardness , impact, flexural, tensile tests completed on prepared composite samples. The thermal conductivity test was also performed on samples. The results indicated that all silica percentage increasing mechanical properties of an epoxy composite with ideal percentage was 20% excepted flexural strength was decreasing
Effects of alumina nanoparticles on dynamic impact responses of carbon fiber reinforced epoxy matrix nanocomposites
Article
Full-text available
  • Mar 2018
The influence of alumina (Al2O3) nanoparticles addition upon low-velocity impact behaviors of carbon fiber (CF) reinforced laminated epoxy nanocomposites have been investigated. For this purpose, different amounts of Al2O3 nanoparticles ranging from 1 to 5 wt% were added to the epoxy resin in order to observe the effect of nanoparticle loadings. CF reinforced epoxy based laminated nanocomposites were produced using Vacuum Assisted Resin Infusion Method (VARIM). The low velocity impact (LVI) tests performed according to the ASTM-D-7136 standard under 2, 2.5 and 3 m/s impact velocities. After LVI testing, the damage formations within composites were examined by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results of this study showed that addition of Al2O3 nanoparticles provided a significant improvement in impact damage resistance. The highest damage resistance and minimum energy absorption were observed for 2 wt% Al2O3 nanoparticles loadings. As a result, we can confidently claim that the addition of the Al2O3 nanoparticles in CF/epoxy composites has considerably affected the dynamic response of the nanocomposites.
Mechanical Behaviour of Copper and Aluminium Particles Reinforced Epoxy Resin Composites
Article
Full-text available
  • Jan 2015
In this study, copper and aluminium particles reinforced epoxy resin was fabricated to investigate the effect of particles on the mechanical properties of epoxy resin (PL-411). Copper (Cu) and aluminium (Al) particles were added in the epoxy resin as filler with the variation of weight percentage (1%, 5%, 8% and 10%). The tensile strength, compressive strength, vicker's hardness, friction coefficient and wear properties were evaluated and compared. The fracture behavior was investigated under scanning electron microscope. Experimental data from tensile tests were compared with Bigg's equations. The results indicate that the tensile strength and wear loss gradually reduced with the increase of filler content. The hardness, compressive strength and coefficient of friction increased with an increase of weight percentage of Cu and Al fillers content.
An experimental study on mechanical properties of epoxy-matrix composites containing graphite filler
Article
Full-text available
  • Dec 2016
The current work studies the effect of the incorporation of different amounts of graphite filler on the mechanical properties of epoxy resin and of carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composites. Graphite-reinforced epoxy-matrix composites were prepared with graphite fractions ranging from 5 to 30 wt%. The carbon-fiber reinforced graphite/epoxy hybrids were prepared using a fixed amount of carbon fiber, and graphite incorporation in the epoxy of 7.5, 10 and 11.5 wt%. After cure the produced materials were submitted to tensile and to flexural three point bending tests. Examination of microstructural features and fracture surfaces were undertaken by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Increased graphite filler contents results in improved tensile modulus of the epoxy matrix. The 7.5, 10 and 11.5 wt%-graphite materials showed also an increase in the ultimate stress value with increasing filler. Introduction of reinforcement carbon fibers enhances tensile modulus. This increase is higher for the higher amounts of graphite filler in the matrix. This study shows that graphite/epoxy composites reinforced with carbon fiber present higher mechanical performance than conventional carbon fiber reinforced epoxy matrix composites.
Influence of CaCO3, Al2O3, and TiO2 microfillers on physico-mechanical properties of Luffa cylindrica/polyester composites
Article
Full-text available
  • Nov 2015
The development of natural fibre reinforced polymer composites has gained popularity in many applications due to their environment friendly characteristics over the synthetic fibre based polymer composites. This paper describes the fabrication and physical, mechanical, three-body abrasive wear and water absorption behaviour of Luffa fibre reinforced polyester composites with and without addition of micro-fillers of Al2O3, CaCO3 and TiO2. The ranking of the composite materials has been made by using Technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) method with output parameters of their physical, mechanical and abrasive wear and water absorption attributes. The addition of microfillers has enhanced greatly the physical and mechanical properties of Luffa-fibre based composites. The addition of microfillers has influenced the physico-mechanical properties of Luffa-fibre based polyester composites in descending order of CaCO3, Al2O3, and TiO2.
Analysis of Mechanical Behavior of Glass Fibre/ Al2O3-SiC Reinforced Polymer Composites
Article
Full-text available
  • Dec 2014
Nowadays, polymer matrix composite plays a vital role in industries namely automotive, aerospace and marine. This paper involves the fabrication of epoxy and polyester resin composites using aluminium oxide, silicon carbide with different proportion of Al 2 O 3 and SiC along with GFRP. A mixing unit has been fabricated for making reinforcement mixtures. Mechanical testing like tensile, impact hardness shear bi axial are conducted in order to know the properties of fabricated composites. The result shows that composites with epoxy resin shows higher strength as compared to composites with polyester resin.
Study on the Effects of Nano Particulates of Sic, Al 2 o 3 and Zno on the Mechanical and Tribological Performance of Epoxy Based Nanocomposites
Article
In this research work mechanical and tribological characteristics of ortho cresol novalac epoxy (OCNE) based nano composites filled with nano particulates of SiC, Al2O3 and ZnO have been investigated. Also in these investigations the influence of wear parameters such as applied normal load, sliding velocity, filler contents and sliding distance have been explored. The experimental plan for four factors at three levels using face centre composite design (CCD) has been employed by RSM technique. The friction and wear tests were carried out using a pin on disc wear test apparatus under dry sliding conditions. The hardness and flexural strength of nano ortho cresol novalac epoxy composites filled with nano (SiC, Al2O3 and ZnO) particulates increases with an increase in the filler contents. Whereas the tensile strength of these nano composites increases with increase in the filler contents from 1 to 2 wt%, and with further increase in filler contents the tensile strength decreases. The results of the study also showed that (2 wt%) filler contents brings superior mechanical and tribological properties. The lowest coefficient of friction and specific wear rate was found with nano-Al2O3 filled composites. Also the wear mechanisms of these nano composites were studied by SEM equipped with EDS analyzer.
Mechanical Characterization of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Composites with and Without Mos2 Filler
Article
  • Jan 2016
Mechanical Property of Nano-Particles Reinforced Epoxy Resin Composite Materials
Article
  • Jan 2011
The two kinds of composites, including nano-nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR)/epoxy resin (EP) and nano-acrylate/EP composites were prepared with the three-roll mill. The effect of nano-particles on the mechanical property of epoxy resin composites were investigated by tensile strength testing. SEM images were taken to characterize the decentralization of the nano-particles in the composites. Mechanical testing results were presented that the epoxy nano-composites has the higher tensile strengths after filling with nano-particles. The tensile strength of EP composites has been significantly improved with nano-NBR content 4 wt. % and the nano-acrylate content 3 wt. %, respectively. SEM results indicated that nano-particles can be evenly dispersed in the epoxy resin by the three-roll mill dispersion method.
Development of Epoxy Composite filled with Micro Tungsten Disulphide Particles And Its Mechanical Properties
Article
  • Feb 2014
The aim of this research article is to discuss the mechanical performance of WS2-Epoxy composite with varying % vol.of WS2. Studies were carried out with epoxy (ARL136+ AH-126) composite system consisting of Tungsten disulphide (WS2) as filler. The samples tested consist of bisphenol-A based epoxy liquid resin and Lapox AH-126 hardener with varying tungsten disulphide (WS2). Appropriately cured samples gave excellent mechanical properties. Results showed that the tensile strength of the composites increased with increase in filler content for the range of filler contents (2.5-4 % vol.) and decreased with increase in the filler contents 5% vol. onwards. The result indicated that at 3% of filler concentration the tensile strength obtained is good with moderate density and hardness.