“Tık” ve “Etik” Arasında Sıkışan Gazetecilik: İnternet Gazeteciliğinin Ortaya Çıkardığı Yeni Etik Sorunlar Ve Gazetecilerin Konuya Bakış Açısı Üzerine Bir Araştırma

Abstract

Bu çalışma, dijitalleşmeyle birlikte her geçen gün dönüşmeye devam eden gazetecilik
pratikleri ve mesleğin aldığı yeni biçim doğrultusunda beliren yeni etik sorunları
ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Dijitalleşmenin etkisinin kapsamını ve şiddetini
tespit edebilmek için gazetecilikte dijitalleşme pratiğinin ilk elden deneyimleyicisi
olan internet editörlerinin görüşlerine başvurulmuştur. Bu kapsamda 15-20 Ocak
2018 tarihlerinde İstanbul’da Hürriyet, Milliyet, Sabah gazetelerinde görev yapmakta
olan internet editörleri ile görüşülmüştür. Çalışmada veri toplama aracı olarak
Patton’un “görüşme formu tekniği”ne başvurulmuş, elde edilen verilere içerik analizi
uygulanmıştır. Çalışmanın sonuçlarına göre gazeteciler, dijitalleşmenin gazetecilikte
haber üretim sürecine olumlu ve olumsuz etkileri olduğunu düşünmektedir.
Gazeteciler, haberler dolayımıyla hem habercilik hem de okur açısından geleneksel
basında daha önce karşılaşılmayan yeni etik sorunların ortaya çıktığını da
düşünmektedir. Bunlar arasında yeni gazetecilikte artık editörün “masabaşı
muhabir” rolünü üstlenmesi, “tık odaklı bir gazetecilik pratiğinin yaygınlaşması”,
“haber kaynağı ve habere erişimin şartlarının değişmesi”, “hataların ve gerçekdışı
haberlerin hızla yayılması”, “hız tuzağı” ve “sanal galeriler” öne çıkmaktadır.

Full text

443
Erciyes İletişim Dergisi | Ocak/January 2019 Cilt/Volume 6, Sayı/Number 1, 443-466
Erciyes İletişim Dergisi - ISSN: 1308-3198
Öz

   
       

    

         


        

         
       
        


Anahtar Kelimeler: 
“Tık” ve “Etik” Arasında Sıkışan Gazetecilik:
İnternet Gazeteciliğinin Ortaya Çıkardığı
Yeni Etik Sorunlar Ve Gazetecilerin Konuya
Bakış Açısı Üzerine Bir Araştırma
Elif Korap Özel (Doç. Dr.)
İzmir Kâtip Çelebi Üniversitesi Sosyal ve Beşeri Bilimler Fakültesi
elifkorap@hotmail.com
Orcid: 0000-0002-1332-5715
Şadiye Deniz (Doç. Dr.)
Ege Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi
aysadiye@hotmail.com
Orcid: 0000-0002-7929-4077
Başvuru Tarihi: 23.05.2018
Yayına Kabul Tarihi: 16.11.2018
Yayınlanma Tarihi: 21.01.2019
Araştırma Makalesi

444 Erciyes İletişim Dergisi | Ocak/January 2019 Cilt/Volume 6, Sayı/Number 1, 443-466
Erciyes İletişim Dergisi - ISSN: 1308-3198
Abstract


          








           
             
          


Keywords: 
Journalism Squeezed Between
“Click” and Ethics: An Investigation of the
New Ethical Problems Raised by Internet
Journalism and Journalists’ Views On
Elif Korap Özel (Doç. Dr.)
İzmr Katip Çelebi University
Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences
elifkorap@hotmail.com
Orcid: 0000-0002-1332-5715
Şadiye Deniz (Doç. Dr.)
Ege University Faculty of Communication
aysadiye@hotmail.com
Orcid: 0000-0002-7929-4077
Date Received: 23.05.2018
Date Accepted: 16.11.2018
Date Published: 21.01.2019
Research Article

445
Erciyes İletişim Dergisi | Ocak/January 2019 Cilt/Volume 6, Sayı/Number 1, 443-466
Elif Korap Özel, Şadiye Deniz “Tık” ve “Etik” Arasında Sıkışan Gazetecilik
Giriş

           

          


       
        


          



      


       
       
       


      
         
 
        


        




 

          
          
       
           


İnternet Gazeteciliğinde Karşılaşılan Etik Sorunlara Dair Literatür
        
          


446 Erciyes İletişim Dergisi | Ocak/January 2019 Cilt/Volume 6, Sayı/Number 1, 443-466
“Tık” ve “Etik” Arasında Sıkışan Gazetecilik Elif Korap Özel, Şadiye Deniz

        
       
 
          
        



      
         
         
         



          
       
          
      
   

          

       
     

        
           
        
        
         

        

          
          


           
          
          
       




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Erciyes İletişim Dergisi | Ocak/January 2019 Cilt/Volume 6, Sayı/Number 1, 443-466
Elif Korap Özel, Şadiye Deniz “Tık” ve “Etik” Arasında Sıkışan Gazetecilik



        
         
        


        
    
       
        
        
        



         
         
            
          
       
   
          


          
     
 
       
         

 



         

       
       
       
       
   


         
           

448 Erciyes İletişim Dergisi | Ocak/January 2019 Cilt/Volume 6, Sayı/Number 1, 443-466
“Tık” ve “Etik” Arasında Sıkışan Gazetecilik Elif Korap Özel, Şadiye Deniz
         
         
        

        



         
       
    

            
   


        

     
        

          

   






            

        
         

• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 
• 

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Erciyes İletişim Dergisi | Ocak/January 2019 Cilt/Volume 6, Sayı/Number 1, 443-466
Elif Korap Özel, Şadiye Deniz “Tık” ve “Etik” Arasında Sıkışan Gazetecilik
          
       

     



       



      

        

    


        

           



       

   
           
         


          

        

       
       



   
         
         

     
           
         

450 Erciyes İletişim Dergisi | Ocak/January 2019 Cilt/Volume 6, Sayı/Number 1, 443-466
“Tık” ve “Etik” Arasında Sıkışan Gazetecilik Elif Korap Özel, Şadiye Deniz
        
 

          
          
         
         
        
 

 


         

          
        
           
        




      
        
       
       
   
     
          
         



Resim 1: Sabah ve Hürriyet gibi ana akım gazetelerin web sitelerinde de tıklatmaya yönelik
başlık kullanımlarına sıklıkla rastlanmaktadır.

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Erciyes İletişim Dergisi | Ocak/January 2019 Cilt/Volume 6, Sayı/Number 1, 443-466
Elif Korap Özel, Şadiye Deniz “Tık” ve “Etik” Arasında Sıkışan Gazetecilik
          
    


            

         
 

         
         
       

      



         
         
     
        
    

    



 
          
         

    

 
         
     
         
        
       


         

      




452 Erciyes İletişim Dergisi | Ocak/January 2019 Cilt/Volume 6, Sayı/Number 1, 443-466
“Tık” ve “Etik” Arasında Sıkışan Gazetecilik Elif Korap Özel, Şadiye Deniz
      

         




Araştırmanın Yöntemi, Örneklemi ve Önemi
         

         
 


• 
• 
•        

•        


     
      
         
    
        
        

         

 





         




       
      
        

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Erciyes İletişim Dergisi | Ocak/January 2019 Cilt/Volume 6, Sayı/Number 1, 443-466
Elif Korap Özel, Şadiye Deniz “Tık” ve “Etik” Arasında Sıkışan Gazetecilik
        
        
        
       
         
       
        
   



         
         
        
         

1

 
   

Tablo 1: Araştırmada görüşülen gazeteciler, görevleri, kurumları ve meslekte çalışma süreleri
Gazeteci Görevi Kurumu Meslekte
deneyim
Dijitalde
deneyim
Emre Kızılkaya İçerik Koordinatörü hurriyet.com.tr 15 yıl 5 yıl
İsmail Değirmenci İnternet Editörü hurriyet.com.tr 20 yıl 11 yıl
Hülya Soyöz Okur Yorumları Editörü hurriyet.com.tr 12 yıl 12 yıl
Sevin Turan Dijital Medya İçerik Müdürü hurriyet.com.tr 10 yıl 8 yıl
Osman Yenilmez SEO (Search Engine
Optimization) Editörü hurriyet.com.tr 2 yıl 10 ay 2 yıl 10 ay
Bülent Ayanoğlu Dijital Medya Koordinatörü milliyet.com.tr 33 yıl 12 yıl
Taner Şahin İnternet Editörü milliyet.com.tr 8 yıl 7 yıl
Ayşegül Dönmez İnternet Editörü milliyet.com.tr 10 yıl 10 yıl
Ercan Sarıkaya Haber Müdürü milliyet.com.tr 20 yıl 4
Hüseyin Özdemir Dijital İçerik Yayın Koordinatörü milliyet.com.tr 11 yıl 11 yıl
M. Fatih Gediman Yayın Yönetmeni ahaber.com.tr 12 yıl 9 yıl
Şevket Karayaka Yayın Yönetmen Yardımcısı ahaber.com.tr 5 yıl 2 yıl
Ayşe Özdemir İnternet Editörü sabah.com.tr 1 yıl 1 yıl
Ökkeş Koska İnternet Editörü sabah.com.tr 9 yıl 9 yıl
Erkan Sevenler İçerik Yöneticisi sabah.com.tr 25 yıl 5 yıl
Dijitalleşmenin Gazetecilik Faaliyeti Üzerindeki Etkilerine Dair Görüşler
Gazetecilere Göre Dijitalleşmenin Gazetecilik Faaliyetine Olumlu Etkileri
        
           
 

       

454 Erciyes İletişim Dergisi | Ocak/January 2019 Cilt/Volume 6, Sayı/Number 1, 443-466
“Tık” ve “Etik” Arasında Sıkışan Gazetecilik Elif Korap Özel, Şadiye Deniz
       


Şekil 1: Dijitalleşmenin gazetecilik faaliyetine olumlu etkileri
       

      
         
        

          




          
         


          


          

        
         



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Erciyes İletişim Dergisi | Ocak/January 2019 Cilt/Volume 6, Sayı/Number 1, 443-466
Elif Korap Özel, Şadiye Deniz “Tık” ve “Etik” Arasında Sıkışan Gazetecilik
      
      
 
      

    

       


 
  
       
          

         
       

          


         
         
       
         
         
  







           

        



           



        


456 Erciyes İletişim Dergisi | Ocak/January 2019 Cilt/Volume 6, Sayı/Number 1, 443-466
“Tık” ve “Etik” Arasında Sıkışan Gazetecilik Elif Korap Özel, Şadiye Deniz

         
        

           
          


         
          
    

Gazetecilikte Dijitalleşmenin Haber Kaynakları Ve Haber Üretimine Etkisi
      


        

Şekil 2: Gazetecilikte dijitalleşmenin haber kaynakları ve haber üretimine etkisi
        

        


 


    


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Erciyes İletişim Dergisi | Ocak/January 2019 Cilt/Volume 6, Sayı/Number 1, 443-466
Elif Korap Özel, Şadiye Deniz “Tık” ve “Etik” Arasında Sıkışan Gazetecilik
        
        


         

         



         
         

         


           



        




        


        
         
        



           


        






          
            
     

458 Erciyes İletişim Dergisi | Ocak/January 2019 Cilt/Volume 6, Sayı/Number 1, 443-466
“Tık” ve “Etik” Arasında Sıkışan Gazetecilik Elif Korap Özel, Şadiye Deniz


        
         
  
 
   


       
        

       

         
         
          



         
          
            



İnternet Gazeteciliğinde Yaşanan Etik Sorunlara İlişkin Görüşler
      
         
      
        



İnternet Gazeteciliğinde Habercilik Bakımından Karşılaşılan Etik Sorunlar
Gazetecilere göre habercilik bakımından internet gazeteciliğinde karşılaşılan en önemli
etik sorunlar Şekil 3’te gösterilmiştir.

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Erciyes İletişim Dergisi | Ocak/January 2019 Cilt/Volume 6, Sayı/Number 1, 443-466
Elif Korap Özel, Şadiye Deniz “Tık” ve “Etik” Arasında Sıkışan Gazetecilik
Şekil 3: İnternet gazeteciliğinde habercilik bakımından karşılaşılan etik sorunlar
       
       
       
          

        
         

       


         



         
       
          
       
        

        
          
 
           

        

          
 
2

460 Erciyes İletişim Dergisi | Ocak/January 2019 Cilt/Volume 6, Sayı/Number 1, 443-466
“Tık” ve “Etik” Arasında Sıkışan Gazetecilik Elif Korap Özel, Şadiye Deniz

         


        

         




            



        



         
         







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
         
         

       

İnternet Gazeteciliğinde Okur Bakımından Karşılaşılan Etik Sorunlar



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Erciyes İletişim Dergisi | Ocak/January 2019 Cilt/Volume 6, Sayı/Number 1, 443-466
Elif Korap Özel, Şadiye Deniz “Tık” ve “Etik” Arasında Sıkışan Gazetecilik
Şekil 4: İnternet gazeteciliğinde okur bakımından karşılaşılan etik sorunlar
      
  
           
       
        

           









        
 
   
          

          



   clickbaite başvurmayız,       



         
       

462 Erciyes İletişim Dergisi | Ocak/January 2019 Cilt/Volume 6, Sayı/Number 1, 443-466
“Tık” ve “Etik” Arasında Sıkışan Gazetecilik Elif Korap Özel, Şadiye Deniz


         


          
         
       
  

          




  

         
        




            
           

    


        




        
     

         



        
 
        

         



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Erciyes İletişim Dergisi | Ocak/January 2019 Cilt/Volume 6, Sayı/Number 1, 443-466
Elif Korap Özel, Şadiye Deniz “Tık” ve “Etik” Arasında Sıkışan Gazetecilik
            

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


 
        
         

         
         
      


        
         


   
       



          
       
          
          

         
        


       
    
        


  

 
        


  

464 Erciyes İletişim Dergisi | Ocak/January 2019 Cilt/Volume 6, Sayı/Number 1, 443-466
“Tık” ve “Etik” Arasında Sıkışan Gazetecilik Elif Korap Özel, Şadiye Deniz
      

         

         

        
       
        
       


    
      


Notlar
1 Doğan Grubu, Hürriyet Gazetesi’ni grubun diğer medya organları ile birlikte 22.03.2018 tarihinde Demirören
Grubu’na satmak için ön protokol imzalamış, 17.05.2018 tarihinde yapılan açıklama ile ise satış ve devir işlemlerinin
tamamlandığı duyurulmuştur. Kaynak: http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/ekonomi/dogan-medyanin-demirorene-satis-ve-
devri-tamamlandi-40839268 Erişim: 16.11.2018
2 Bu konudaki örneklerden biri Hürriyet gazetesinde, 13 Kasım 2015 tarihinde yaşanmıştır. Hürriyet’in web sitesinde
yayımlanan ‘13’üncü Cuma uğursuzluğu‘ başlıklı bir haberde Leonardo da Vinci’nin dünyaca ünlü ‘Son akşam yemeği‘
tablosu kullanılmıştır. Ancak Hürriyet’te yayımlanan haberde yer alan fotoğrafın, orijinal tabloya Cumhurbaşkanı
Recep Tayyip Erdoğan’ın fotoğrafının monte edildiği sahte bir versiyonu olduğu sonradan fark edilmiştir. Fotoğraf
kısa sürede yayından kaldırılsa da, bu dikkatsizlik nedeniyle hatada sorumluluğu tespit edilen editör ile metnin
hazırlandığı dijital yan yayınlar bölümünün başında bulunan içerik müdürünün görevine son verilmiştir. http://www.
diken.com.tr/13uncu-cuma-kurbanlari-hurriyet-erdogandan-ozur-dileyip-iki-calisanini-kovdu/ (Erişim: 04.04.2018).
Kaynakça
    
Yeni Medya ve.., 
Medya ve Gazetecilikte Etik Sorunlar


Medya ve Gazetecilikte Etik Sorunlar 

  Yeni Medya, Gençlik ve Gündelik Yaşam 

Ayın Karanlık Yüzü: Yeni Medya ve Etik


         

         
New media & Society
5(2),

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Erciyes İletişim Dergisi | Ocak/January 2019 Cilt/Volume 6, Sayı/Number 1, 443-466
Elif Korap Özel, Şadiye Deniz “Tık” ve “Etik” Arasında Sıkışan Gazetecilik

 
Telematic an Informatics32,

Akdeniz Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi Dergisi
  

Televizyon Haberciliğinde
Etik

Televizyon Haberciliğinde Etik

Televizyon Haberciliğinde Etik 




Humanities Science 9 (2):

Medya, Etik ve Hukuk.

Atatürk İletişim Dergisi, 10,

 
       Business, Media, Law
(



Uluslararası Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi9 (43).
          
Global Media Journal TR Edition
 Journalism and New Media (Elektronik Sürüm)

     Media in the Digital Age (Elektronik Sürüm)  

       
Televizyon Haberciliğinde Etik