impact-evaluation-of-ayurvedic-treatment-protocol-on-three-hundred-nineteen-cases-of-different-variants-of-pancreatitis-2165-7092-1000196

Abstract

Pancreatitis is an inflammatory disorder of the pancreas, affecting its endocrine and exocrine function. It is mainly
associated with abdominal pain, vomiting, nausea, indigestion, steatorrhea, weight loss and diabetes. There are
many variants of pancreatitis that have been broadly divided into acute and chronic pancreatitis. In both the
conditions, patients may suffer with recurring episodes of the aforesaid symptoms with progression of the disease.
Pancreatitis is conservatively managed by emergency hospitalizations, lifelong pancreatic enzymes and
supplements with modifications in diet and lifestyle. Advance surgical intervention is also being used in some cases
to provide long term solution. However, the benefits of such procedures are limited to certain pockets of the world.
Owing to unpredictable nature of the disease and limitations of treatment possibilities, pancreatitis adversely affects
psychological, physical and financial status of the patients. In this scenario, many patients opt for alternate
medicines. A North India based Ayurvedic clinic has earned reputation in bringing complete and sustainable relief in
significant number of cases of Recurrent Acute/ Chronic Pancreatitis (RA/CP). A data on 319 well diagnosed cases
demonstrates that Ayurvedic Treatment Protocol (ATP) has been able to bring complete relief in significant number
of patients, without causing any side effect. Statistical analysis of the data shows that the treatment brought
significant improvement in weight and reduction in frequency of attacks. ATP comprises of a few Ayurvedic
formulations that are prescribed for a period of one year, along with regulated diet and lifestyle as well as complete
physical and mental rest. The main Ayurvedic formulation used in the treatment is Amar. Experimental studies
conducted using Amar have demonstrated its protective properties against pancreatitis. Further research is being
conducted for the systematic and scientific development of this specialized ATP.

Full text

Impact Evaluation of Ayurvedic Treatment Protocol on Three Hundred
Nineteen Cases of Different Variants of Pancreatitis
Prakash VB1*, Prakash S2, Sharma S2 and Tiwari S1
1VCPC Research Foundation, Uttarakhand, India
2Padaav-Speciality Ayurvedic Treatment Centre, Uttarakhand, India
*Corresponding author: Prakash VB, VCPC Research Foundation, Uttarakhand, India, Tel: +919837028544; E-mail: balenduprakash@gmail.com
Received date: November 29, 2018; Accepted date: December 10, 2018; Published date: December 15, 2018
Copyright: © 2018 Prakash VB, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits
unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Abstract
Pancreatitis is an inflammatory disorder of the pancreas, affecting its endocrine and exocrine function. It is mainly
associated with abdominal pain, vomiting, nausea, indigestion, steatorrhea, weight loss and diabetes. There are
many variants of pancreatitis that have been broadly divided into acute and chronic pancreatitis. In both the
conditions, patients may suffer with recurring episodes of the aforesaid symptoms with progression of the disease.
Pancreatitis is conservatively managed by emergency hospitalizations, lifelong pancreatic enzymes and
supplements with modifications in diet and lifestyle. Advance surgical intervention is also being used in some cases
to provide long term solution. However, the benefits of such procedures are limited to certain pockets of the world.
Owing to unpredictable nature of the disease and limitations of treatment possibilities, pancreatitis adversely affects
psychological, physical and financial status of the patients. In this scenario, many patients opt for alternate
medicines. A North India based Ayurvedic clinic has earned reputation in bringing complete and sustainable relief in
significant number of cases of Recurrent Acute/ Chronic Pancreatitis (RA/CP). A data on 319 well diagnosed cases
demonstrates that Ayurvedic Treatment Protocol (ATP) has been able to bring complete relief in significant number
of patients, without causing any side effect. Statistical analysis of the data shows that the treatment brought
significant improvement in weight and reduction in frequency of attacks. ATP comprises of a few Ayurvedic
formulations that are prescribed for a period of one year, along with regulated diet and lifestyle as well as complete
physical and mental rest. The main Ayurvedic formulation used in the treatment is Amar. Experimental studies
conducted using Amar have demonstrated its protective properties against pancreatitis. Further research is being
conducted for the systematic and scientific development of this specialized ATP.
Keywords: Pancreatitis; Acute, Chronic; Ayurveda; Herbo Mineral
Formulation; Rasa Shastra
Introduction
Pancreatitis is an inammation of the pancreas. It develops when
enzymes secreted by the pancreas are unable to pass into the
duodenum due to blockage within the pancreas. ese active enzymes
begin to digest pancreatic tissues, resulting in inammation [1].
Broadly, Pancreatitis can be categorized into Acute and Chronic phase.
Acute Pancreatitis (AP) is marked by inammation in the pancreas
and may be associated with recurrent episodes [2]. Chronic
Pancreatitis (CP), on the other hand, is characterized by structural
changes in the pancreas, visible in radiological images [3]. Pancreatitis
is further classied into Recurrent Acute Pancreatitis, Acute on
Chronic Pancreatitis, Chronic Calcic Pancreatitis, Necrotizing
Pancreatitis, Groove Pancreatitis, Interstitial Pancreatitis, Hemorrhagic
Pancreatitis and Familial pancreatitis [4,5]. Pancreatitis cannot be
attributed to a uniform cause. However, TIGAR-O factors (T-Toxins, I-
Idiopathic, G-Genetic, A-Auto immune, R-Recurrent and O-
Obstructive) are widely accepted for causing dierent forms of
Pancreatitis [6].
All sorts of Pancreatitis are majorly associated with moderate to
severe abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, steatorrhea, weight loss. In
some cases, gall stones, pseudocysts, ascitis, diabetes, multiple organ
failures or cancer may also develop [7,8]. is is usually managed by
emergency hospitalizations and lifelong enzymes with periodical
monitoring. Asian and African continents have another variant of
Pancreatitis, termed as Tropical Chronic Pancreatitis (TCP), which
aicts the young and is more prevalent among non-alcoholics. Protein
malnutrition and mineral deciency are major causative factors for
TCP [9,10].
Pancreatitis is irreversible, progressive and fatal in nature and
adversely aects the psychology of patients. Conventional medicines
are found useful in tackling emergency situations, prolonging life span
in majority of the cases. Yet, variable characteristics of the disease,
especially sudden onset of symptoms and gradual progression,
continue to infuse phobia among Pancreatitis patients. Hence, these
patients always look for alternate solutions.
India is the only country where dierent systems of medicines like,
Ayurveda, Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy, are ocially recognized as
independent systems of medicines in conjunction with conventional
medicine [11]. As per the prevailing laws, a registered Ayurvedic
practitioner can prepare his own medicines for use in his clinical
practice, without obtaining any drug manufacturing licence [12]. In
this scenario, a North India based Ayurvedic physician has reported
signicant and sustainable results in treating RA/CP patients [13-15].
e growing reputation of this centre attracts a fair number of
Pancreatitis patients from various parts of India and abroad. In this
paper, we report clinical data of enrolled patients, who completed one
year of ATP (n=319/620).
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ISSN: 2165-7092
Pancreatic Disorders & Therapy Prakash et al., Pancreat Disord Ther 2018, 8:2
DOI: 10.4172/2165-7092.1000196
Research Article Open Access
Pancreat Disord er, an open access journal
ISSN:2165-7092
Volume 8 • Issue 2 • 1000196

Literature Review
Ayurveda is an ancient Indian system of medicine [16]. It has laid
down its own principles to maintain the health of the healthy and treat
the diseased. is system of medicine greatly emphasises on diet,
lifestyle and medicines, prepared using substances of plant, animal and
mineral origin. It also ascribes the eect of geographical location,
weather and arrestation of basic urges on the health of an individual.
Rasa Shastra
is one of the eight clinical specialities of
Ayurveda
, which
was developed in 6th BC. It deals with the therapeutics of processed
metals and minerals, which are moderately to severely toxic in raw
form. Such information is well described in ancient texts of
Rasa
Shastra
[17,18]. Copper is highly toxic to human body in metallic form
but also possesses anti-inammatory properties [19,20].
Rasa
is a
synonym of Mercury.
Rasa Shastra
could be dened as the science of
Mercury, which is the third most toxic metal [21]. is fact is very well
accepted in
Rasa Shastra
. ere are elaborate methodologies for
processing Mercury. It is said that Mercury turns therapeutically
potent by increasing the frequency of sublimation with Sulphur [18].
However, these statements have not been substantiated using
in-vitro,
in-vivo
or experimental studies.
Pancreatitis is a deadly disease that adds substantial physical,
emotional and nancial burden to victims and their families. It is
progressive in nature. Even a single attack of Acute Pancreatitis may
turn into Chronic Pancreatitis in due course [22]. Chronic Pancreatitis
may further lead to pancreatic cancer and uncontrolled diabetes in fair
number of cases. Acute Pancreatitis may cause 4.8-13.5% mortality
during hospitalisation. Out of these, 50% are attributed to multi-organ
failures [23]. Chronic Pancreatitis brings 17%, 30% and 55% deaths in
5, 10 and 20 years respectively [24]. In recent years, use of
Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) has been widely
accepted. A report by Grand View Research, Inc. projects the global
CAM market to reach 196.87 Billion USD by 2025 [25]. CAM had
traditionally been integral parts of people’s lives in India. With rising
global interest and acceptance, their popularity is rapidly rising again.
To strengthen and advance research in these areas, India has set up an
independent central ministry of
Ayurveda, Yoga, Unani, Siddh
a and
Homeopathy
(AYUSH). e ministry and its dierent departments are
headed by independent ministers and secretaries at both central and
state level. At academic level, graduate, post graduate and doctorate
courses in these systems are being taught in various parts of India.
Besides, independent research councils and national institutes provide
opportunities to carry research and extend services to people.
Materials and Methods
A total number of 620 patients volunteered for Ayurvedic treatment
between January 1997 and September 2018. ese patients were
diagnosed with dierent forms of Pancreatitis, by leading medical
doctors employed with hospitals of repute in the country, using
modern diagnostic methods like Ultrasound, Magnetic Resonance
Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde
Cholangiopancreatography, Computed Tomography scan and blood
tests (Figure 1). Our clinical data indicates that more men (516) than
women (104) were aected by the disease, a gender ratio of 5:1. Out of
620, 479 patients were of the reproductive age group (19-45 years), 63
were of the age group of 11-18 years, 58 patients more than 45 years
old and 20 patients were less than 11 years of age. Data on
geographical distribution shows that these patients came from all over
the country. 77% patients were from North India, 19% from South
India and 4% were NRIs. It was interesting to note that majority of the
patients were non alcoholics (70.5%), non-tobacco users (80.3%),
vegetarians (51.3%) with no family history (95.3%) [26]. Overall, these
patients had an average history of RA/CP of 52.2 ± 48.2 months with a
total of 5711 attacks and 3099 hospitalizations. A random analysis of
expenses incurred in emergency hospitalisations, follow ups,
investigations and indirect expenditures by the patients (n=413/620)
showed that every patient spent an average of nearly INR six lacs thirty
two thousand eight hundred and y four (Rs. 6,32,854; approx.
10,000 USD) on management of the disease before opting for ATP.
Prior to Ayurvedic treatment, many patients were on pancreatic
enzymes and had undergone stenting. e enrolled patients were asked
to provide their old medical records for review and undergo fresh
radiological (MRCP) and pathological tests (hemogram, liver function,
kidney function, lipid prole, glycosylated haemoglobin, serum
Vitamin D3 and B12) to ascertain the disease status.
Figure 1: Types of Pancreatitis among patients based on radiological
ndings (n=620); X-axis represents the variants of Pancreatitis and
Y-axis depicts the number of patients diagnosed for these.
Aer clinical evaluation, patients were admitted for three weeks for
supervised indoor treatment at the centre. e treatment comprised of
some herbo mineral formulations (Table 1) along with special focus on
regulation of diet and lifestyle. Each patient was given a 1200 to 1600
calorie rich daily diet, divided into three meals and three snacks, and
devoid of aerated drinks, caeinated beverages, alcohol, onion, tomato,
garlic, rened our, packaged, precooked and reheated food. Daily
intake of water for patients was decided based on their body weight (30
ml per kg body weight per day). Patients were advised to take complete
mental and physical rest. At the onset of ATP, each patient was
dewormed using Tablet
Albendazole
400 mg [27]. e patients who
had low levels of Vitamin D3 and Vitamin B12 were put on weekly dose
of 60,000 IU Cholecalciferol mixed in 100 gm milk cream and a daily
supplement of
Methylcobalam
in 1500 mcg with breakfast respectively
[28,29]. With the start of the treatment, pancreatic enzymes were
withdrawn in each patient. Patients suering from diabetes and
hypertension were permitted to continue anti diabetic and anti-
hypertensive medicines in consultation with a physician.
Aer three weeks, the patients were discharged with one month’s
medicines. As follow up, each patient was closely monitored over
phone or mail on daily basis. For the entire year, rell batches of
medicines were dispatched by courier against payment. At the end of
the year, patients were called for revaluation-physical, pathological and
radiological.
Citation: Prakash VB, Prakash S, Sharma S, Tiwari S (2018) Impact Evaluation of Ayurvedic Treatment Protocol on Three Hundred Nineteen
Cases of Different Variants of Pancreatitis. Pancreat Disord Ther 8: 196. doi:10.4172/2165-7092.1000196
Page 2 of 5
Pancreat Disord er, an open access journal
ISSN:2165-7092
Volume 8 • Issue 2 • 1000196

Name of Medicine AMAR RasonVati Prak-20 Narikel Lavan
Form Capsule Tablet Powder/ Capsule Powder
Dosage
4 mg per kg body weight per day
divided into three doses, given
during meals
1 gm, thrice a day after
meals with water 1 gm, thrice a day with meals
1 gm, twice a day mixed in
curd and water, on empty
stomach
Number of patients 620 466 593 305
Table 1: Details of herbo mineral formulations prescribed to patients (n=620).
Observations
A total of three hundred nineteen patients have completed one year
duration ATP (Table 2) and are leading normal and pain free life
(Figure 2). Sixty-eight patients dropped due to various reasons (Table
3). irteen patients collected medicines but never consumed any dose
and ve patients were lost to follow up. Two patients reported disease
progression and discontinued the treatment aer seven months and
eleven months respectively. ere were total eight deaths during and
aer ATP; one patient died on twenty-h day of ATP due to the
disease progression to advanced cancer of pancreas, another patient
lived symptom free for four years aer completing ATP and died in a
conventional hospital aer developing an abrupt acute attack of
Pancreatitis, one patient died of hepatic failure caused due to infective
hepatitis aer one month of completion of ATP and another one died
of obstructive jaundice induced hepatic failure aer eleven months of
ATP. Two patients, who presented with hyperbilirubinemia
(Bilirubin>20 mg/dL) at the onset of ATP, died on day ninety and two
hundred of ATP. Another patient, who had been suering with
Chronic Liver Disease for four months before starting ATP, died of
hepatic failure aer one month of starting ATP. One patient contracted
a cardiac arrest aer completing one-year of ATP.
Reason Number of patients
Total enrolments 620
Treatment complete 319
On treatment 205
Drop outs 68
Did not start treatment 13
Deaths 8
Lost to follow up 5
Progression of disease 2
Table 2: Overall response of the treatment.
Reason Number of drop outs
No improvement 48
Poor compliance, treatment discontinued 10
Underwent surgery 5
Inadequate care 3
Complications due to Bariatric surgery, had to
discontinue 1
Financial issues 1
Table 3: Reasons for drop outs (n=68).
Figure 2: Symptom free survival aer commencing ATP (n=319).
Impact evaluation (n=319)
ere was marked improvement in the clinical condition in those
patients who could complete one-year long ATP. Signicant reduction
was seen in number of emergency attacks and hospitalizations. Of 319
patients who completed ATP, 212 (66.5%) had suered weight loss
before ATP. e number dropped to 30 (9.4%) aer the treatment.
Also, only 4 (1.3%) patients had gained weight in the previous year of
ATP, while taking pancreatic enzymes, but 140 (44%) patients gained
weight during the one year of ATP (Figure 3). is eect was seen in
spite of total withdrawal of pancreatic enzymes aer the
commencement of ATP. No adverse eect was reported by any patient.
A random comparative analysis of pre and post ATP radiological
images showed that there was no progression of the disease in these
cases (n=133/319).
Citation: Prakash VB, Prakash S, Sharma S, Tiwari S (2018) Impact Evaluation of Ayurvedic Treatment Protocol on Three Hundred Nineteen
Cases of Different Variants of Pancreatitis. Pancreat Disord Ther 8: 196. doi:10.4172/2165-7092.1000196
Page 3 of 5
Pancreat Disord er, an open access journal
ISSN:2165-7092
Volume 8 • Issue 2 • 1000196

Figure 3: Eect of ATP on dierent parameters (n=319); p-values
<0.0001, compared using Wilcoxon signed rank test for paired
observations, Mc Nemar’s test and paired t–test.
Discussion
Pancreatitis is an inammatory process of the pancreas with
variable characteristics. It causes irreversible damage to the organ and
is progressive in nature, oen leading to mortality in fair number of
cases. e onset and periodical exacerbations of symptoms are
managed conservatively by emergency hospitalisations, lifelong
enzymes, surgical intervention and pancreatic replacement [8].
However, these measures have their own limitations and fail to
eliminate psychological fear from the minds of the patients.
In this scenario, a North India-based Ayurvedic Centre has
developed a treatment protocol which shows promising results in the
management of the disease. From the clinical data generated by the
Centre, in total six hundred twenty patients enrolled themselves
between January 1997 to September 2018. ese patients were treated
using a standard ATP, comprising of Amar, Rason Vati, Prak 20 and
Narikel Lavan along with a balanced diet composed of protein,
carbohydrate/starch, fruits, vegetables and fat. We report clinical
results of 319 beneciaries of Ayurvedic treatment oered at the
Centre, this far. All patients responded well to a year-long ATP.
Besides, improving the general health condition of the patients,
signicant clinical results were noted. For example, aer completing
the treatment, frequency of pancreatic attacks and emergency
hospitalization reduced signicantly. e patients also gained healthy
weight, which otherwise dwindles in this diseased condition, one of the
many symptoms of pancreatitis. ATP was hence, well tolerated by all
patients with no reported side-eects.
e abovementioned ATP is derived from Rasa Shastra, one of the
eight clinical specialities of Ayurveda, which deals with substances of
mineral, animal and plant origin, that are moderately to highly toxic in
their raw forms [17]. ere is enough literature on how to detoxify
these toxic substances to products of therapeutic value. However, these
procedures that are classically followed and practiced lack scientic
validation.
Ayurvedic formulations used in the treatment are well described in
classical texts and have been in use for ages for dierent ailments
depending upon the perception of the treating physician, with the
exception of Prak-20 and Amar, which fall under the category of patent
and proprietary medicines. Amar, a herbo-mineral formulation (HMF)
(PCT Application No. 3373/DEL/2014 dated 20.11.2014, Patent Oce,
Delhi, India), the main HMF used in the treatment of Pancreatitis, is
prepared using Copper, Mercury and Sulphur with extracts of
Lua
echinata
and
Clitorea ternatea
together with lemon juice. It takes about
three years of continuous processing to convert toxic Copper, Sulphur
and Mercury into medicinal mineral form (Figure 4).
Figure 4: Chemical analysis of nished state of Amar using X-ray
diraction technique.
Prak-20 is modied and standardized form of a classical medicine
and has proven hepato-protective properties [30].
Rason Vati
is used to
improve digestion, bloating and anorexia [31].
Narikel Lavan
is used to
treat colic pain and inammation of the Gall Bladder [31]. No reported
toxicity was observed in patients, which indicates that minerals present
in Ayurvedic formulations coupled with regulated diet and lifestyle
might play a crucial role in arresting disease progression and
improving the quality of life of patients. is treatment was
incidentally developed in mid 70s [32]. e
prima
facie
evidences
created over twenty one years of clinical practice suggest that further
research be carried for the scientic development of this protocol.
Acknowledgement
We are thankful to the patients and their families for participating
in the program. Our special thanks to Gopa Indu, Devendu Prakash,
Gaurav Chaudhary for assisting in the preparation of Ayurvedic
formulations. We also acknowledge the contribution of Mahima
Verma, Karuna Swaroop and Preeti Sharma in data generation and
manuscript writing.
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Citation: Prakash VB, Prakash S, Sharma S, Tiwari S (2018) Impact Evaluation of Ayurvedic Treatment Protocol on Three Hundred Nineteen
Cases of Different Variants of Pancreatitis. Pancreat Disord Ther 8: 196. doi:10.4172/2165-7092.1000196
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ISSN:2165-7092
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Citation: Prakash VB, Prakash S, Sharma S, Tiwari S (2018) Impact Evaluation of Ayurvedic Treatment Protocol on Three Hundred Nineteen
Cases of Different Variants of Pancreatitis. Pancreat Disord Ther 8: 196. doi:10.4172/2165-7092.1000196
Page 5 of 5
Pancreat Disord er, an open access journal
ISSN:2165-7092
Volume 8 • Issue 2 • 1000196