Attunement: Architectural Meaning after the Crisis of Modern Science
... Como ocurrió con la arquitectura, varias disciplinas han sido influidas por la fenomenología de Husserl y Merleau-Ponty, y por la filosofía existencialista de Heidegger, misma que configura nuevas rutas de acceso a problemas clásicos de la filosofía, por ejemplo, a la idea de que el espacio se habita al asignársele significados y que habitar es posible en la medida que la arquitectura, en un sentido vitrubiano, considere como un todo, tanto el bienestar como las formas estéticas (Pérez-Gómez, 2016;Sharr, 2018). ...
... (Robinson y Pallasmaa, 2015;Pérez-Gómez, 2016;Gallagher, 2017;Gallagher y Zahavi, 2013;di Paolo, Cuffari y de Jaegher, 2018). Diversos teóricos han propuesto, por su parte, revisar el papel del cerebro en la capacidad de experimentar sentimientos de empatía (o rechazo) ante ciertos lugares y ante determinados grupos de personas y 'atmósferas' o espacios de interacción social y simbólica. ...
... Sin embargo, aquí el problema del significado, como se advertirá en los resultados de este trabajo, va más allá de las cualidades visuales de la arquitectura para situarse en las interacciones sociales y simbólicas inherentes a la utilitas vitrubiana. Así, significado y experiencia sensible parecen ligados de modo ineludible, no solo a lo visual sino a lo corporal, kinestésico, y socializados mediante interacciones comunicativas y simbólicas.La arquitectura fenomenológica, como corriente constructiva y de teoría y crítica del diseño, comienza a formarse a inicios de la segunda mitad del Siglo XX, a partir del interés despertado por pensadores como Edmund Husserl, Martin Heidegger, Maurice Merleau-Ponty y Gaston Bachelard, principalmente(Pérez-Gómez, 2016;Otero-Pailos, 2010;Mallgrave, 2011;.Pérez-Gómez (2016) ha señalado el problema del significado en el contexto de una "crisis de la ciencia moderna", coincidiendo con otros autores acá mencionados al sostener que "(…) el modelo cartesiano del conocimiento falla al intentar explicar la manera en que los sentimientos son compartidos en el mundo de todos los días, en el cual nuestros cuerpos expresan tales sentimientos, y a los cuales a su vez responden los demás"(Pérez-Gómez, 2016, p. 27). El autor señala, en la introducción de su libro Attunement. ...
What is the nature of the emotional and significant life produced by architectural forms, and how can specialists in urban- architectural design understand the psycho-affective needs - emotions, sensations, meanings, memories, etc. - of future tenants of their construction project? Through a bibliographic review of a historical and theoretical-critical nature, in this work, the theoretical framework of phenomenological architecture is addressed, considering the built context and the world of people, where the meaning of the aforementioned experiences gains life. It is suggested that the sensitive or phenomenal experience of the works built by designers, allows them to access cognitive resources - empathy, inter-corporeality, social cognition - that they can use in future construction and housing projects. In recently published works, epistemic alternatives are found about the nature of the emotional and subjective life of the hypothetical inhabitant, for example, in the cases of empathy (putting oneself in another person’s shoes), the appeal or rejection of certain places, and the ‘atmosphere’, or the collective sensation created by social interactions in public and other spaces.The results reveal that it is the socio-urban context where architecture’s meanings are interpreted for their application in such projects. It is concluded that this perspective is a subsidiary of philosophical and semiological pragmatism, which confirms the importance of the inhabited context to understand the meaning of what others do, say, or feel.The need for an interdisciplinary and humanistic approach is also confirmed, based on methodologies of an interpretative and phenomenological nature, which give preponderance to a posteriori knowledge, which is obtained through experience.
... For example, Drone Affect 8 people can grasp climate change through a perceptual, spatial, and bodily-attuned engagement with the effect of experience locally (e.g. flooding or mining), understanding micro-macro interlinks and thus the ethical implications for planning and design solutions (Pérez-Gómez, 2016). Feminist theorist Puig de la Bellacasa (2017, p. 42) stresses that "to care joins together an affective state, a material vital doing, and an ethico-political obligation." ...
... large-scale fieldwork, and to spatial visions and decision-making in design and planning processes, means that affect concerning sound, structural layout, size, and visual aspects of structures and materialities-all of which affect human sensory-aesthetic experience-calls for an intimacy. This entails an awareness of the planner's own sensing and emotions on the small, local, and large scales, and a move toward the affect of others-how we humans attune ourselves and spatially organize our own and others' lifeworld (Haraway, 1991;Pérez-Gómez, 2016;Puig de la Bellacasa, 2017, Thrift, 2004. It thus supports a grasp of and attention to larger societal challenges based in the transposition of affect. ...
Drone usage in fieldwork and participatory processes entails direct sensations that fold the pilot/planner and audience into one. Footage from drone filming entails direct kinesthetic and synesthetic effects that occur while one edits the film material, giving rise to affective responses. Through one experimental drone postproduction film, this article discusses how the interplay of vision, motion, and sound works as a set of gestures that comprise sensation as a (self- and co-) affection modus of immediation when one engages with moving images on-screen during drone filming, editing, and screening. The article builds upon Merleau-Ponty's film writings and Puig de la Bellacasa's touch/care perspectives. Specifically, it asks what constitutive aspects characterize the folding of the drone's/pilot's point of view (POV) in relation to the perceiver's POV during postediting, and to the conceiver's POV during subsequent viewings. The article's original contribution is to show how affective experiences are transposed as haptic touch via the same images and folded POVs. It also addresses a research methodological perspective on filmic mediations and written accounts. The article concludes by speculating about how the co-affective potential of the folding of POVs through drone imagery might inform fieldwork and participatory processes from perspectives of care and empathy.
... Straipsnio tikslas -palyginti architektūros fenomenologų Harrieso, Veselio ir Pérezo-Gómezo pateikiamas prasmingos ikimoderniosios architektūros sampratas, nustatyti jų bendrumus ir skirtumus. Gretinamos Harrieso (1997), Veselio (2004) ir Pérezo-Gómezo (1983, 2016c monografijos, kuriose pristatomos prasmingos architektūros teorijos, ir kiti su šia tema susiję autorių tekstai. Straipsnyje aptariamos skirtingos teorijų prieigos bei šaltiniai, analizuojamas prasmės nuvertinimas Apšvietos laikotarpiu, lyginamos pačios prasmingos architektūros sampratos, pabaigoje pateikiamos tyrimą apibendrinančios išvados. ...
The article compares the theories of three architectural phenomenologists - Karsten Harries, Dalibor Vesely and Alberto Pérez-Gómez - who are acclaimed by their coverage of architecture from ancient times to
today. The starting point of the theories is the meaningful architecture of pre-modern times, which was
replaced by an objectified concept of architecture after the crisis of the Enlightenment. The authors under
analysis define pre-modern architecture as a representation of an invisible layer of meaning, based mostly
on the analysis of Enlightenment texts, Husserl’s theory of the crisis of science and the phenomenological
tradition. Two semantic structures are distinguished, related to exact meaning and sensory experience. The
analysis of different historical epochs reveals the heterogeneity of meaningful pre-modern architecture.
... Through the minds of phenomenology, spatial phenomena, such as atmospheres, are fundamental to the perception of architecture because they are continually "intertwined with temporality" and are "never outside time" (Pérez-Gómez, 2016). It is through the experiential aspects of architecture that we connect with space. ...
As announced in the editorial of the previous issue, the 19th issue of ArchiDOCT presents a second collection of papers that explore the theme of ‘temporality’ in architecture and the built environment from a theoretical or an applied standpoint. Once more, a variety of approaches, insights, and opportunities for research that arise from considering time in its heterogeneous dimensions and manifestations such as time, speed, rhythm, sequence or horizon have been handled. [...]
... Based on the reviewed literature, the key elements that create a quality public space are: open, artifact, theatrical (Henaff and Strong, 2001), atmosphere and moods (Pérez--Gómez, 2016). Eventhough, they are formed through diff erent approaches and diff erent background periods, the essence in all of them is the same, and it is the human dimension in the space itself, the bodily presence and experience ( Table 1). ...
Public space is an essential element of human wellbeing and the overall development of the city and society. This paper presents a brief outlook of the past and present situations related to the planning and use of public spaces in urban environments. In doing so, this paper addresses the finding that public spaces gradually lose the focus of quality in them, and as time goes by, these spaces are reshaping even in human-unfriendly places. The purpose of this presented research is to find out what are the key elements that create a quality public space. To achieve it, it is used a comparative–descriptive method comparing two relevant pieces of literature or authorial approaches, Henaff and Strong's “Public Space and Democracy” and Pérez-Gómez's “Attunement”. These two examples fulfill the criteria of having different interdisciplinary approaches toward public space, explained through different periods and backgrounds. It is found that the crucial elements these authors suggest for building qualitative space are well-grounded. As such, they can be implemented in an integrated physical form because they base on the human factor or the physical presence and experience in space. In the conclusion part, a suggestion was made to include these elements in the process of planning and designing public spaces in the context of the challenges of modern living culture.
... Ou seja, ao assumirem um compromisso com o contexto e as condições reais em cada 43. Colquhoun, 2004;Montaner, 2008;Perez-Gomes, 2016. 44. ...
A arquitetura produzida no Paraná nas primeiras décadas da segunda metade do século XX ganha aqui nova análise, em profundidade e com visão de conjunto e de contexto.
Os autores dos capítulos desta coletânea vêm se dedicando a estudos específicos sobre a arquitetura paranaense através de artigos, trabalhos em congressos, teses e dissertações. Esta produção foi aqui revisada, atualizada e reunida em perspectiva crítica. O conjunto destes textos revela que novas proposições arquitetônicas e urbanísticas e correlações ambientais e culturais balizaram o pensamento desta arquitetura produzida no Paraná – sobretudo em Curitiba. Muitas das ideias aqui exploradas estavam em sintonia com a revisão crítica do movimento moderno e com a
despedida pós-moderna de posturas vigentes na primeira metade do século passado.
Este livro trata desta produção seminal, da sua contribuição para a reflexão metodológica e, portanto, da sua valorização na historiografia da arquitetura brasileira.
... Our perception of the environment reflects a complex multimodal system within our bodies that regulates and integrates internal and external stimuli to generate "a coordinated and appropriate response" (Ahlquist et al., 2017, p. 92). The neglect of our other sensory systems demonstrates a negative impact on the overall well-being, leading to global health crises such as sleeping disorders and sick building syndrome (Perez-Gomez, 2016;Spence, 2020). The heightened physiological stress and attention fatigue are pervasive in urban contexts due to the often hidden sensorial need of urban dwellers to access a restorative environment that is limited in cities (Hedblom et al., 2019). ...
Discussion of a sensory-driven architecture emphasises the need for a deeper and more holistic understanding of space. The collection of articles in this issue of ARSNET presents a variety of methods for engaging with the sensorial experience. These articles explore the process of measuring, interpreting, tracing, and constructing the spatial elements and spatial processes driven by sensorial stimulants, driving different projections of space. From the emergence of architecture that is more responsive to the diverse and subjective body needs in space to architecture that responds towards natural qualities as well as natural processes. Some articles also enable propositions of architectural form and programming with sensory-induced spatialities and temporalities. Through such projections, the issue creates multiple possibilities for sensory-driven design objectives which transcend contexts, practices and users, significantly expanding the sensory architecture discourse.
... All in all, it is clear that there is a need to bridge the existing gaps between disciplines, including smart technologies engineering, psycho-social, health, and architectural design ones, so, together, they can formulate integral interdisciplinary and site-specific solutions to help to "attune" [121] the environment with the "typical human situations" [122] and, thus, to contribute to increase the social inclusion of older adults and to alleviate feelings of loneliness. ...
As an inevitable process, the number of older adults is increasing in many countries worldwide. Two of the main problems that society is being confronted with more and more, in this respect, are the inter-related aspects of feelings of loneliness and social isolation among older adults. In particular, the ongoing COVID-19 crisis and its associated restrictions have exacerbated the loneliness and social-isolation problems. This paper is first and foremost a comprehensive survey of loneliness monitoring and management solutions, from the multidisciplinary perspective of technology, gerontology, socio-psychology, and urban built environment. In addition, our paper also investigates machine learning-based technological solutions with wearable-sensor data, suitable to measure, monitor, manage, and/or diminish the levels of loneliness and social isolation, when one also considers the constraints and characteristics coming from social science, gerontology, and architecture/urban built environments points of view. Compared to the existing state of the art, our work is unique from the cross-disciplinary point of view, because our authors’ team combines the expertise from four distinct domains, i.e., gerontology, social psychology, architecture, and wireless technology in addressing the two inter-related problems of loneliness and social isolation in older adults. This work combines a cross-disciplinary survey of the literature in the four aforementioned domains with a proposed wearable-based technological solution, introduced first as a generic framework and, then, exemplified through a simple proof of concept with dummy data. As the main findings, we provide a comprehensive view on challenges and solutions in utilizing various technologies, particularly those carried by users, also known as wearables, to measure, manage, and/or diminish the social isolation and the perceived loneliness among older adults. In addition, we also summarize the identified solutions which can be used for measuring and monitoring various loneliness- and social isolation-related metrics, and we present and validate, through a simple proof-of-concept mechanism, an approach based on machine learning for predicting and estimating loneliness levels. Open research issues in this field are also discussed.
... Further, as pointed out in one of the studies [65], it is relevant that researchers continue to find a way to implement the complexity and variety of living spaces in their experiments if they seek accuracy in their results and solutions to overcome loneliness and social isolation. It is clear that the environment shapes individuals, and thus, these technologies could be exploited further to "attune" [86] the built environment with "typical human situations" [87] to contribute toward increasing the social inclusion of older adults and alleviate feelings of loneliness. ...
Background
Loneliness and social isolation can have severe effects on human health and well-being. Partial solutions to combat these circumstances in demographically aging societies have been sought from the field of information and communication technology (ICT).
Objective
This systematic literature review investigates the research conducted on older adults’ loneliness and social isolation, and physical ICTs, namely robots, wearables, and smart homes, in the era of ambient assisted living (AAL). The aim is to gain insight into how technology can help overcome loneliness and social isolation other than by fostering social communication with people and what the main open-ended challenges according to the reviewed studies are.
Methods
The data were collected from 7 bibliographic databases. A preliminary search resulted in 1271 entries that were screened based on predefined inclusion criteria. The characteristics of the selected studies were coded, and the results were summarized to answer our research questions.
Results
The final data set consisted of 23 empirical studies. We found out that ICT solutions such as smart homes can help detect and predict loneliness and social isolation, and technologies such as robotic pets and some other social robots can help alleviate loneliness to some extent. The main open-ended challenges across studies relate to the need for more robust study samples and study designs. Further, the reviewed studies report technology- and topic-specific open-ended challenges.
Conclusions
Technology can help assess older adults’ loneliness and social isolation, and alleviate loneliness without direct interaction with other people. The results are highly relevant in the COVID-19 era, where various social restrictions have been introduced all over the world, and the amount of research literature in this regard has increased recently.
... Yet the space is not three-dimensional or objectively measured. We get back to this later on and for now, it is highly important to emphasize that the attunement to any space turns out through specific resonances of the felt body and the situation a one finds himself or herself in (Pérez-Gómez, 2016). The unique environmental qualities can be experienced Through the felt body with its emotional capacity (Böhme, 2006). ...
The chapter focuses on the various-level experience of space of urban nightlife applying the concept of atmospheres and uncovering the mutual dependence between atmosphere and place to examine the influence of technological progress drawing to the cases of two cities: Moscow and Copenhagen. It also aims to analyse the controversial issue of the collective perception of atmospheres within the urban culture of nightlife and explore the interaffective characteristics of different locations, mainly clubs, turning to musical nostalgia as an illustrating example.
This paper takes initial steps towards developing a theoretical framework of contemplative neuroaesthetics through sensorimotor dynamics. We first argue that this new area has been largely omitted from the contemporary research agenda in neuroaesthetics and thus remains a domain of untapped potential. We seek to define this domain to foster a clear and focused investigation of the capacity of the arts and architecture to induce phenomenological states of a contemplative kind. By proposing a sensorimotor account of the experience of architecture, we operationalize how being attuned to architecture can lead to contemplative states. In contrasting the externally-induced methods with internally-induced methods for eliciting a contemplative state of mind, we argue that architecture may spontaneously and effortlessly lead to such states as certain built features naturally resonate with our sensorimotor system. We suggest that becoming sensible of the resonance and attunement process between internal and external states is what creates an occasion for an externally-induced contemplative state. Finally, we review neuroscientific studies of architecture, elaborate on the brain regions involved in such aesthetic contemplative responses, provide architectural examples, and point at the contributions that this new area of inquiry may have in fields such as the evidence-based design movement in architecture.
ABSTRACT: We must design houses that afford homes, cultivating atmospheres that sensually and emotionally nurture thriving individuals. Mood is the psychological and physiological medium of exchange between designers and dwellers. The ability to affect people’s moods, attuning them to the overall atmosphere, represents the ultimate timeless task of meaningful architecture. In this paper, we developed an analysis and design tool to systematically explore domestic atmospheres and investigate the primary generators available to architects. We crafted the ABODE (the Atmospheric BODy Experience) matrix, embedding the twelve generators of atmosphere articulated by Peter Zumthor on the y-axis and the six atmospheric senses synthesized by Juhani Pallasmaa on the x-axis. By combining architecture, phenomenology, and biology, the ABODE matrix promotes an affect-based approach and returns the body to the center of the design process. To test this tool, we selected the Hermitage cabin designed by llabb, a Genoa-based firm founded by Luca Scardulla and Federico Robbiano. *** KEYWORDS: architecture — atmosphere — body — resonance — attunement — mood — generators of atmosphere — Peter Zumthor — Juhani Pallasmaa — llabb — Hermitage cabin
This study aimed to investigate the meaning of atmosphere in interior architectural spaces,
explore the strategies and approaches used to design atmosphere, and identify the common difficulties
encountered by designers during the process. The focus was on the intangible qualities of atmosphere
and ambiguity in the design process. A qualitative research approach was employed, consisting of
literature review and thematic qualitative interviews. The study identified different approaches and
stages of processing in designing atmosphere and various strategies for conceptualization and
communication. The difficulties encountered were related to the intangible aspect of atmosphere,
communication, designing, background and experience, and project management. The acquisition of
affective qualities in the atmosphere occurs through being a part of material worlds, whether other people
are present or not. The study contributes to the field by developing a conceptual framework for
considering the atmosphere in interior design process. The findings could be helpful to interior design
academics, professionals, and students, by clarifying the complexity of dimensions related to the
atmosphere in the design process and offering recommendations for design processing.
This feasibility study assesses the strength and weaknesses of a novel methodology applied to the design of urban architecture to enrich the process of urban planning to satisfy the needs of a city’s inhabitants. Specifically, a visual preference survey was conducted using eye-tracking technology to observe the influence of urban differing scales on the human visual experience. Using an observational design, two architectural conditions were introduced to section an urban village into a few predetermined areas and walking lines. The visual experience of ten participants was then collected using a mobile eye-tracking device. Results showed that people indeed have different visual perceptions when interacting with urban fabric, and that such perceptions change from a formal to a traditional scale design
This dialogue on how the key notions of atmosphere and affordance contribute to architecture illuminates both differences and similarities between Tonino Griffero’s first-person phenomenology of atmosphere and those aspects of Michael Arbib’s cog/neuroscience (cognitive science and neuroscience) that address the experience and design of architecture. We demonstrate the relevance of atmosphere to three questions that an architect may pose: 1. — “What impact will a space have on a person when they first encounter it?” 2. — “How will that impact change for a person when they spend more time there?” — and 3. “How can I design a space so that certain types of users will have a particular immediate or later impact?” The phenomenologist seeks to explore what each person feels in a given space or situation. The resultant vocabulary may help architects better assess their own experience and imagine the experience of potential inhabitants of the buildings they design. However, the actual design requires a more analytic assessment of how to design spaces that will support various praxic and atmospheric affordances for different categories of intended users of the building, and here science can play an integrative role. A particular challenge is to assess the interplay between conscious and nonconscious processes. Given that the article is directed at architects, we take care to introduce the necessary background from phenomenology and cog/neuroscience. *****************************
This article is a Chapter from the book which also contains a copy of 4 commentaries, the author’s individual responses, and more:
Canepa, E., et al., Eds. (2023). Atmosphere(s) for Architects: Between Phenomenology and Cognition (A Dialogue between Michael Arbib and Tonino Griffero, with Commentaries). Interfaces. Manhattan, Kansas, New Prairie Press.
A free copy of the full book can be downloaded from New Prairie Press:
https://newprairiepress.org/ebooks/51/
Interfaces book series, issue no. 5. Open access edition available online at www.newprairiepress.org/ebooks/51 —————— ABSTRACT: Informed by (new) phenomenology and cog/neuroscience and grounded in the architectural discipline’s expertise, atmospherology (namely, the study of affective atmospheres in space) can benefit from a shared lexicon to encourage mutual understanding and knowledge construction. A basic language of atmosphere helps cultivate an affective education that makes architects capable of articulating tacit experiences and designing atmospheric qualities. Fifteen essentials are discussed: affordance, arousal, atmosphere, attunement, body, conscious, emotion, feeling, first impression, generator of atmosphere, lived space, mood, nonconscious, resonance, and valence. Lastly, this essay develops an atmospherological critique of the Marianna Kistler Beach Museum of Art on the Kansas State University campus in Manhattan (Kansas) to evaluate the accuracy, coherence, and adaptability of the lexicon’s concepts. *** KEYWORDS: architecture — phenomenology — neuroscience — atmosphere — atmospherology — affective education — tacit experience — language of atmosphere — Kansas State’s Beach Museum of Art.
Segons Alberto Pérez-Gómez, el tractat d’Hypnerotomachia juntament amb altres textos clàssics escrits per Piranesi, Boulleé, i altres, han representat un contrapès a la visió tècnica de la teoria de l’arquitectura representada pels tractats escrits per Palladio i Alberti. Els textos de Les Colombières i Les Jardins Enchantés escrits per Ferdinand Bac, podrien considerar-se part d’aquella literatura que lluny de teoritzar l’arquitectura i el paisatgisme des d’una visió quantitativa, li concedeix el sentit ontològic des de l’experiència corpòria. En el cas particular de Les Colombières, el llibre es va constituir com una memòria descriptiva de l’obra paisatgística construïda per Ferdinand Bac a les rodalies de la ciutat de Menton entre 1919 i 1925. Aquesta particularitat és el que atorga al text rellevància, ja que són les imatges i els constructes literaris que Bac va implementar allò que li va permetre descriure i perpetuar l’experiència espacial corpòria de l’espai arquitectònic i paisatgístic de la seva obra construïda. Aquest article analitza els recursos literaris metafòrics, simbòlics i mitològics, així com les seqüències gràfiques a través dels quals l’autor va reconstruir de manera literària l'espai arquitectònic i paisatgístic que es corporitza al lector. En acabar, s’argumenta les raons per les quals Les Colombières es podria considerar com un text teòric clau per comprendre l’arquitectura des de l’experiència corpòria, analitzant l’acceptació que va rebre el llibre en el context tapatí dels anys vint a Mèxic, particularment a les primerenques nocions teòriques d’arquitectura del jove Luis Barragán.
According to Alberto Pérez-Gómez, the Hypnerotomachia treatise together with other classic texts written by Piranesi, Boulleé, and others, have represented a counterweight to the technical vision of the theory of architecture represented by the treatises written by Palladio and Alberti. The texts of Les Colombières and Les Jardins Enchantés, written by Ferdinand Bac, could be considered as part of that literature that, far from theorizing architecture and landscaping from a quantitative perspective, re-gives it its ontological meaning from corporeal experience. In the particular case of Les Colombières, the book was constituted as a descriptive memory of the landscape work built by Ferdinand Bac in the vicinity of the city of Menton between 1919 and 1925. This particularity is what gives the text relevance, since the images and literary constructs that Bac implemented, allowed him to describe and perpetuate the corporeal spatial experience of the architectural and landscape space of his built work. This article analyzes the metaphorical, symbolic, and mythological literary resources, as well as the graphic sequences through which the author literally reconstructed the architectural and landscape space that is embodied in the reader. At the end, the reasons why Les Colombières could be considered a key theoretical text to understand architecture from corporeal experience are argued, analyzing the acceptance that the book received in the Guadalajara context of the twenties in Mexico, particularly in the early theoretical notions of architecture of the young Luis Barragán.
Según Alberto Pérez-Gómez, el tratado de Hypnerotomachia junto con otros textos clásicos escritos por Piranesi, Boulleé, y otros más, han representado un contrapeso a la visión técnica de la teoría de la arquitectura representada por los tratados escritos por Palladio y Alberti. Los textos de Les Colombières y Les Jardins Enchantés escritos por Ferdinand Bac, podrían considerarse parte de aquella literatura que lejos de teorizar a la arquitectura y al paisajismo desde una visión cuantitativa, le concede su sentido ontológico desde la experiencia corpórea. En el caso particular de Les Colombières, el libro se constituyó como una memoria descriptiva de la obra paisajística construida por Ferdinand Bac en las cercanías de la ciudad de Menton entre 1919 y 1925. Esta particularidad es lo que le otorga al texto relevancia, ya que son las imágenes y los constructos literarios que Bac implementó lo que le permitió describir y perpetuar la experiencia espacial corpórea del espacio arquitectónico y paisajístico de su obra construida. El presente artículo analiza los recursos literarios metafóricos, simbólicos y mitológicos, así como las secuencias gráficas a través de los cuales el autor reconstruyó de forma literaria el espacio arquitectónico y paisajístico que se corporiza en el lector. Al finalizar, se argumenta las razones por las cuales Les Colombières podría considerarse como un texto teórico clave para comprender la arquitectura desde la experiencia corpórea, analizando la aceptación que recibió el libro en el contexto tapatío de los años veinte en México, particularmente en las tempranas nociones teóricas de arquitectura del joven Luis Barragán.
Interfaces book series, issue no. 4. Open access edition available online at www.newprairiepress.org/ebooks/50 —————— ABSTRACT: Based on the multi-component character of our emotions, we can study the affective dimension of architectural atmospheres through several approaches. This essay reviews the main research models that employ a first-person perspective (self-observation) and a third-person perspective (external observation), analyzing methodological potentials and limitations. We need a multi-perspective approach to investigate the complexity of the atmospheric vocation of architecture, integrating both models and working on complementary notions: atmosphere and architecture, resonance and attunement, impressions and appraisals, nonconscious and conscious, emotions and feelings, living body and lived body, neuroscience and phenomenology, physiological measures and self-report techniques. *** KEYWORDS: architecture — atmosphere — attunement — resonance — feeling — emotion — lived body — living body — conscious — nonconscious — first-person perspective — third-person perspective — phenomenology — neuroscience.
The notion of atmosphere has taken prominence in contemporary architecture discourse, in which it is used mainly to denote the affective characteristic of inhabitable spaces. In this paper, we employ the ecological-enactive approach to cognition to explain how atmospheres are perceived and created. According to that approach, cognitive systems actively explore meaningful possibilities for action in their environments. We thereby construe the perception of atmospheres as the possibilities for being in certain moods by exploring what the place affords. The perception of atmospheres is, therefore, a meaningful activity that is ultimately related to the organism’s biological interests, which we argue, is a type of meaning that cannot be fully conveyed descriptively. From this, it seems to follow that architects cannot foresee the atmospheres of a place during the designing phase of their projects. We avoid this undesirable conclusion by evoking the material engagement theory and the situated aspect of cognitive performances. Accordingly, skillful architects can imagine the intended atmospheres of a place by creating what we call proto-atmospheres, which involves creatively thinking through and with their tools.
The paper aims to highlight the need, distinctive features and problematic issues of cultural and communicative activities in architecture field by using a case study of the projects in architecture funded by the Lithuanian Council for Culture (LCC). The identification of the problems in supporting non-commercial initiatives in architecture since 2014 up to 2020 is the scope of this paper, which is developed using an analytical descriptive approach. The analysis covers scientific and professional literature, legal documents, recommendations of professional architectural organisations, information from the LCC and semi-structured interviews with 7 experts. Problems regarding the funding of projects in architecture by the LCC are identified by using statistical information from the LCC database and the dissatisfaction/satisfaction with LCC activities, project approval for funding, general issues of cultural policy expressed in interviews, and by looking for correlations between them. Analysis of the statistics of project funding reveals several problems. Funding for the projects in architecture field is particularly low, compared to the projects in other fields of culture and art. Geographical distribution of architectural projects is uneven, as majority of projects were submitted by applicants from Vilnius. Funding is mostly allocated to institutions with experience, established groups of participants and time-tested ways of operation; non-standard, breakthrough initiatives are rarely supported. The article states that problems related to the dominance of the narrowed concept of architecture, to the lack of cultural communication, and to the modest public knowledge of architecture lead to the devaluation of architecture and, consequently, to the diminishing of the quality, diversity and long-term cultural value of the surrounding environment. Architectural education of society would be the most effective way to address these problems. It is important to grow everyday users, politicians, investors, developers, activists, and preservers of local heritage able to understand and critically evaluate architecture. In order to increase the cultural significance and importance of architecture for society, architecture practitioners and theoreticians should be encouraged to make the most effective use of the opportunities offered by the LCC. Activities to be funded should be selected by the potential long-term value of their results and their impact on the public and/or the professional community. In order to balance the geographical distribution, revisions to the list of evaluation criteria and their weight should increase access to support for activities in regions, for ambitious early applicants and for innovative, out-of-the-box undertakings.
The 23rd Issue of Forum A+P investigates and speculates on the relationship between the city and techno-science. The term ‘city’ is understood in two ways: first, in a discursive sense – as an object of study and a set of practices – episte- mological, aesthetic, architectural, political, economic, and social among others - that deal with such object; and sec- ond, as a reality that both delimits and challenges the very notion and possibility of representing and knowing it as an object. In its hyphenated form, techno-science is under- stood - in Bernard Stiegler’s words: “as a com-position of science and technology, meaning that science submits to the constraints involved in becoming the technology that for- mulates the systematic conditions of its evolution.”[...]
This article explores the representation of lived life in the house in Willa Cather’s The Professor’s House (1925). It uncovers how the house moves bodies and affects moods that create individual meaning but also reflect broader responses to modernity. The article argues, in line with recent architectural scholarship, that literature, especially “middlebrow” fiction that would reach a large audience, is productive for understanding atmospheres. Using Bille and Simonsen (2021 Bille, Mikkel, and Kirsten Simonsen. 2021. “Atmospheric Practices: On Affecting and Being Affected.” Space and Culture 24(2): 295–309.[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]) concept of “atmospheric practices” as a key theoretical framing, the article shows how interactions with the house are deeply dependent on moods (such as anxiety, curiosity, nostalgia), and that practices performed in and with the house (walking down the stairs, sitting working, opening windows etc.) transmit affects that, in turn, determines the body’s movement.
The paper addresses the morphological characteristics in the rapidly changing urban form of the
Palestinian settlements choosing the town of Qaffin as a case study. Qualitative methods are used to
address the analytical and historical transformation. Thus, the urban form of Qaffin tells a lot about the
political, social, and economic factors of change in Palestine in the last century. The main finding of the
study accentuates the rapid changing of housing forms and density while the continuity of streets and
plot patterns. Hence, the Palestinian towns are still able to conserve their organic character, but the rapid
change could cause over-densification in the future. Accordingly, there is an urgent need for a plan for
the deceleration of the change of urban form in Palestinian towns, which in turn will play a role in
preserving the Palestinian identity and cultural stability.
ResumenA lo largo de las últimas dos décadas, y ante la creciente preocupación por el medio ambiente y el cambio climático, la arquitectura ha explorado las oportunidades abiertas por los campos de la termodinámica y la ecología. Centrándose en un enfoque cuantitativo, se ha echado mano de estas disciplinas para responder con rigor y precisión a este reto. Esta cuestión se ha abordado principalmente desde un punto de vista técnico, centrándose en cuantificar el rendimiento termodinámico de los edificios, pasando por alto los aspectos culturales aún cuando son igualmente importantes. Es por tanto importante que la arquitectura compense este enfoque técnico y cuantitativo con una perspectiva cualitativa, de modo que se aborden de manera integral cuestiones que hasta ahora han sido independientes como son el clima de un lugar, la atmósfera que se genera en el interior de un edificio o la vida cotidiana de sus usuarios. A diferencia de los enfoques paramétricos que han dominado la arquitectura termodinámica durante la última década, la revisión de la idea de tipología es una buena herramienta disciplinar para integrar el clima de un lugar con los patrones de la vida cotidiana de sus habitantes. Los tipos climáticos muestran de una manera explícita cómo la arquitectura puede interactuar entre el clima exterior y la forma en que las personas viven y socializan, ofreciendo el potencial para conectar la organización espacial y material de un edificio con el comportamiento de sus habitantes, uniendo los asuntos cuantitativos con los cualitativos. Este escrito recorre las ideas que fundamentan esta cuestión. Partiendo del campo de lo psicosomático y de situaciones y comportamientos cotidianos de sus habitantes, se explorará cómo las tipologías climáticas ofrecen un conocimiento disciplinar de interés para comprender las conexiones que existen entre la arquitectura, el clima y su uso y habitabilidad. Mediando entre lo técnico y lo cultural, este escrito aspira a aproximarse a una nueva idea de tipología que, integrando su estructura formal y material con los microclimas que induce y con el comportamiento de sus usuarios, supere el determinismo performativo para proponer una interacción abierta entre la arquitectura, la atmósfera y el cuerpo humano.AbstractDuring the last two decades, in the context of a growing awareness of the environment and climate change, architecture has explored the design opportunities opened up by the fields of thermodynamics and ecology. Focusing on the quantitative and performance-oriented approaches that have prevailed in recent years, architecture has explored new design potentials. However, this new sensibility has been approached primarily from a technical point of view and has focused on quantifying the thermodynamic performance of buildings, overlooking the equally important cultural aspects of this endeavor. Apart from this quantitative and technical approach, architecture needs to have a qualitative outlook if it is to address the connections that exist between the local climate of a given place, the effect of the spatial and material particularities of architecture on interior atmospheres, and the everyday lifestyles of its users. Contrary to the parametric approaches that have dominated thermodynamic architecture during the last decade, climatic typologies are a powerful tool in bridging the gulf that exists between a given local climate and specific everyday life patterns. Climatic typologies —both historical and contemporary— very explicitly show how architecture can determine the interaction between outdoor climate and the way people live and socialize, offering the opportunity to connect the spatial and material lineaments of architecture to the specific physiological and psychological behaviors of its users, bridging the gulf between the thermodynamic processes induced by architecture and the everyday behavior of its inhabitants. This essay presents the architectural ideas that ideologically ground the approach. Starting from human psychosomatic behavior and everyday behavioral situations, the essay will explore how climatic typologies, both historical and contemporary, offer disciplinary knowledge essentially to an understanding of the connections between architecture, climate, and living patterns. Mediating between the technical and the cultural, this essay seeks to redefine the idea of typology, conflating the formal and material structure of the architectural type, with the microclimates it elicits and the behavior of its users. Superseding performative determinism, it proposes an open interaction between architecture, atmosphere, and human body.
Abstract During the last two decades, in the context of a growing awareness of the environment and climate change, architecture has explored the design opportunities opened up by the fields of thermodynamics and ecology. Focusing on the quantitative and performance-oriented approaches that have prevailed in recent years, architecture has explored new design potentials. However, this new sensibility has been approached primarily from a technical point of view and has focused on quantifying the thermodynamic performance of buildings, overlooking the equally important cultural aspects of this endeavor. Apart from this quantitative and technical approach, architecture needs to have a qualitative outlook if it is to address the connections that exist between the local climate of a given place, the effect of the spatial and material particularities of architecture on interior atmospheres, and the everyday lifestyles of its users. Contrary to the parametric approaches that have dominated thermodynamic architecture during the last decade, climatic typologies are a powerful tool in bridging the gulf that exists between a given local climate and specific everyday life patterns. Climatic typologies —both historical and contemporary— very explicitly show how architecture can determine the interaction between outdoor climate and the way people live and socialize, offering the opportunity to connect the spatial and material lineaments of architecture to the specific physiological and psychological behaviors of its users, bridging the gulf between the thermodynamic processes induced by architecture and the everyday behavior of its inhabitants. This essay presents the architectural ideas that ideologically ground the approach. Starting from human psychosomatic behavior and everyday behavioral situations, the essay will explore how climatic typologies, both historical and contemporary, offer disciplinary knowledge essentially to an understanding of the connections between architecture, climate, and living patterns. Mediating between the technical and the cultural, this essay seeks to redefine the idea of typology, conflating the formal and material structure of the architectural type, with the microclimates it elicits and the behavior of its users. Superseding performative determinism, it proposes an open interaction between architecture, atmosphere, and human body.
The village of Kampos, a place of vernacular architecture on the Cycladic island of Tinos in Greece, is of a great importance to me. This importance stems from the fact that today architects, planners and designers are focused on new contemporary sustainable ways of living, which remain outside the human way of living and the complexity of architecture, or with things connected with social life, spatial qualities and the environment. Meanwhile, private ownership, along with the way the state handles ownership in general, make boundaries appear stiff and as elements of division and autonomy. Do we actually know what it is to live together with a broader understanding of the role of architecture and the environment? Despite our contemporary and highly technological way of living, this way of living and spatial understanding in the village, the continuing habits and patterns of the past, still contributes to a physiologically and psychologically balanced lifestyle in both the private and the public realms. How people live in Kampos could be ‘a response to some of the prejudices and difficulties that affect many other cultures in our globalised world’ (Vidali 2020a, p. 22).
KeywordsCommunityVillage architectureMetaphorNarrativeFictional narrative
In the context of increased interest in literary methods for spatial design, this article argues for a reconsideration of narrative methods for urban planning. It holds that when narrative is taken not as a reified object but as an active mode, in which a strategy for organizing the phenomenal world allows for form to be created from and within the profusion of signs, the importance of heterogeneous non-narrative elements comes into full force, in particular around figurative or metaphorical language, even or especially within the narrative frame. Drawing on work from Bernardo Secchi and Paola Viganò on and around the “porous city” figure and the Greater Paris international consultations, the article makes a case for a narrative of poetic practices. By identifying the polysemic agency of the poetic function, the territorial figure becomes not a comparison between two terms, but a complex linking of similarities in multiple dissimilar states, creating an effect of rapprochement with new possible futures.
In 1830, British Commander Robert Fitz-Roy led a personal mission to indoctrinate four Patagonians captured in Tierra del Fuego. His project consisted of redeeming their still youthful souls from paganism by fully immersing them in the most modern civilization at the time. Once in England, the adolescents experienced a dislocated westernization due to this extreme clash of cultures. The return to the virgin coasts of Wulaia, thus, brought back individuals who forever changed after living in the altered reality of the modern and “civilized” world.
This chapter tells the Fitz-Roy’s “compassionate” mission that led to an unsettling human experiment having the Patagonians indoctrinated and re-contextualized in the heart of the British Empire. Based on Benjamin Subercaseaux’s novel Jemmy Button (1950), this chapter centres on the London that Jemmy—one of the adolescents—experienced when he went astray in 1831. The chapter’s structure follows inspiration from the work of W. G. Sebald’s The Rings of Saturn (1998), particularly in searching for the history of places and the places of history through the eyes of this alien visitor. Ultimately, this chapter aims to contribute to an ongoing understanding of how the concept of “worldview” spread increasingly narrow and exclusively defined by the reigning empire.
The “phantasmagoria” is a term that originally referred to the ghost lantern shows first staged in France at the end of the 18th Century by the Belgian inventor and entertainer Étienne-Gaspard Robertson. The question to be addressed in this review concerns the link between the phantasmagoria (defined as a ghostly visual entertainment) and the multisensory sensorium (or sensory overload) of the fairground and even, in several other cases, the Gesamtkunstwerk (the German term for “the total work of art”). I would like to suggest that the missing link may involve the ghost attractions, such as Dr. Pepper's Ghost (first developed at the Royal Polytechnic Institute in London in the 1860s), and the Phantasmagoria, that were both promoted in fairgrounds across England in the closing decades of the 19th Century.
Un problema poco examinado en las teorías del diseño es la naturaleza de las experiencias emocionales que despierta el espacio edificado, por ejemplo, los sentimientos de atracción o rechazo en determinados lugares, el sentimiento de pertenencia o de solemnidad y de trascendencia ante ciertas formas urbanas, edificaciones o espacios públicos, tales como iglesias, cementerios o jardines y plazas. En este trabajo se plantea que para saber cómo influye la arquitectura en las emociones de los habitantes, el especialista en
diseño urbano-arquitectónico debe explorar sus propias experiencias ante el espacio arquitectónico y ante la
esfera social y emocional que forma parte de este. Para demostrarlo se abordó brevemente el concepto de
empatía, la cognición social, y la interacción social a partir de una revisión bibliográfica de recientes publicaciones de diseño urbano-arquitectónico. Se comparó la base teórico-metodológica y epistémica del diseño con otras provenientes de la geografía cultural, de los estudios urbanos y culturales y de las ciencias cognitivas en su vertiente corporeizada, así como de la tradición hermenéutica sobre la interpretación de significados. Como casos de estudio se tomaron algunos ejemplos de proyectos constructivos que dan preponderancia a la interacción simbólica, a la percepción fenoménica, y al manejo colectivo de significados y metáforas cognitivas. Si bien la actividad cerebral coordina la cognición social y diversos estados emocionales, el contexto urbano-social también determina el significado de las emociones y experiencias sensibles en una producción colectiva de sentido mediante la inter-corporalidad y la interacción.
Global efforts are being made to reduce the climate impact of the building sector. The main focus tends to be on quantifiable achievements. This is also true for how benefits of wooden construction materials are generally communicated. In addition, the expert’s view tends to dominate the discussion, while the user’s perspective receives little attention. This paper argues for also attending to timber’s qualitative aspects, and the inhabitants’ desires, experiences and reference frameworks when designing urban housing. Focusing on wooden construction materials, the paper contrasts the architect’s conceptual design ambitions with the inhabitant’s lived experiences. Three dimensions of materiality turned out to be important to the interviewed architects and inhabitants, which relate to the material’s properties, experiences and values. The knowledge of the material’s properties informs the realisation of its affordances and reliability. How the materiality is experienced and appreciated depends on an interpretation of its atmospheres and what they are associated with. The values assigned to a material also inform which and how properties and experiences are valued and can become part of a corresponding narrative about a building and its materiality. These can be influenced by information, communication and community. Seemingly conflicting design consequences must be balanced when wanting the building’s materiality to simultaneously disclose possible uses, convey atmospheres and pass on narratives. The user should be involved in defining the relevant uses, atmospheres and narratives for each project. Drawing on Pérez-Gómez’ call for architecture to be “built upon love,” the paper delineates these design ambitions as “eloquent”.
The full text can be read here: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44150-022-00029-w
The thesis 'Moving Organizational Atmospheres' provides a conceptual and empirical exploration of the notion of organizational atmosphere as a non-dualist concept. Both conceptually and analytically the thesis seeks to contribute to discussions in the fields of organizational aesthetics as well as the affective and spatial turn in organization studies by addressing how organizational atmospheres work when embraced as a fluid phenomenon, and by providing an analytically experimental account of experiencing and producing organizational atmosphere based on field work in two organizations.
Today, private and state ownership or property turns boundaries into non-negotiable elements of division and autonomy. Are students able to discern new contemporary sustainable ways of living? Are they searching for things beyond the human way of living and outside the complexities of architecture? Do they understand how things are connected with social life, spatial qualities and the environment? In this article, I introduce a project agenda focused on a methodology which can be implemented both in the theory and the design aspects in architectural education. Through the use of perception and imagination, but also narrative, metaphor, and fiction, students are able to learn how to explore but also how to perceive and understand a place through various versions of reality. Stories connect language with mimetic actions, with habits that in turn connect our physical and mental experience with the environment, place, and space. This knowledge from within ourselves also involves emotions that connect us with space and the environment. In this way, the architecture behind a built work may be interpreted as the outcome of the broader complexity of life. How do different scales, spaces, materials and situations not merely respond to an architecture and a way of dwelling through form and fashion, but also highlight the social and the ethical function of architecture as an essential record of architectural tradition in relation to people, place and environment? Students should be equipped with tools to understand and interpret the contemporary complexity and local traditions in modern life. I n this article I would like to develop a project agenda with the aim of presenting a methodology as a new tool in architectural education that allows us to reach an in-depth understanding of space and place. Ι will also develop a theoretical framework and examine the importance of research and samples of the methodology's implementation in teaching and students' work. In my work as an architect, I realised the importance of narrative in my work. When discussing a project with clients, I include common metaphors of their own life into an architectural narrative that is intimately connected with the place and landscape of the given site and environment. As a researcher, PhD candidate and author of eight fictional narratives, each followed by scholarly interpretations, I was guided by phenomenological and hermeneutical methods, anthropological principles and ethnographical observations. I then realised, as Paul Emmons, Marcia Fenerstein, Carolina Dayer and Luc Phinney argue, that "drawing, like storytelling, exists across the ambiguous dimension of 2 reality and fiction." "Architects actively construe stories while drawing; and the ways these stories are constructed are inseparable from the way a project is designed." 3 Objectives My objectives in this article are to propose new tools for young architects in order to develop their understanding of space and the ways in which life is negotiated within the boundaries of each public, private or common space. This methodology distances itself from drawings and modeling tables and introduces the world of texts, in view of the fact that narrative and imagination have been tools in the hands of both architects and authors. I will show within my research and work with students from different departments of American universities and architecture students from the University of Thessaly in Greece, how they have responded to these new tools and how these affected their understanding, perception of a new place by anchoring their experience in the city and developing their imagination related to the community and the environment.
The village of Kampos, a place of vernacular architecture on the Cycladic island of Tinos in Greece, is of a great importance to me. This importance stems from the fact that today architects, planners and designers are focused on new contemporary sustainable ways of living, which remain outside the human way of living and the complexity of architecture, or with things connected with social life, spatial qualities and the environment. Meanwhile, private ownership, along with the way the state handles ownership in general, make boundaries appear stiff and as elements of division and autonomy. Do we actually know what it is to live together with a broader understanding of the role of architecture and the environment? Despite our contemporary and highly technological way of living, this way of living and spatial understanding in the village, the continuing habits and patterns of the past, still contributes to a physiologically and psychologically balanced lifestyle in both the private and the public realms. How people live in Kampos could be 'a response to some of the prejudices and difficulties that affect many other cultures in our globalised world' (Vi-dali 2020, p.22).
This article explores the farming landscape and village life in Kampos, a village on the Greek island of Tinos. Tinos is an Aegean island with a long histo- ry of agriculture. In Kampos, one of the oldest farming villages of Tinos, bound- aries created by low stone walls and alleyways primarily define the farming landscape that permeates village life and its structure. The landscape appears semi-artificial, through the construction of countless boundaries, rows of cultiva- tion ridges and terraces. This article is about boundaries revealed through space, texts, movement and habit, Boundaries which represent areas -or rather situa- tions- enabling different co-existing levels of interaction that are ambiguous and can be transformed through negotiation. Negotiation is not possible without lan- guage and narrative. Language consists of communal metaphors, stories and fic- tional beliefs that bind and connect a small community together in a farming landscape where the quality of life remains closely connected to nature, architec- ture, and the interplay between private and public realm.
The presence, absence, and negotiation of boundaries in the village, as well as the life that flourishes between them and their relationship to men, women and ownership, unfold through fictional and scholarly narratives drawn from interviews with the villagers from Kampos. Through these narratives, we see how a different situation of ownership and bonding arises when boundaries in space are obscure or create a liminal in-between space of negotiation and com- munication.
This research investigates the production and experience of immersion in architecture and virtual reality (VR), aiming to disclose VR’s cognitive effects and to understand why architects still underuse it for designing. Assuming that cognition is not restricted to a subject’s brain, this study adopts an enactivist perspective on cognition, implying that it extends through the entire organism, including its sensorimotor coupling with the environment. Immersion is approached from a phenomenological standpoint, prioritizing, whenever possible, the author’s first-hand experiences. Some theoretical aspects that emerged were investigated through practice, whether experiencing third-party immersive experiences or producing the two ‘practice studies’ developed for this thesis. The concepts of technology and immersion were studied to evaluate the pertinence of the term ‘immersive technologies’ and to ground theoretically the possibility of an ‘art of immersion’. Immersion in architecture and VR is analysed, arriving at the concept of atmosphere as a possible common ground between experiences. The notion of representation, in its turn, guides the discussion on the production of architecture. The relationship between body and architectural representation is also investigated, disclosing how efficiency became increasingly the standard, which implied the reduction of subjective aspects and the disengagement of the body in designing. The findings show that the software available for developing VR immersive experiences are either too complex, demanding the development of skills that are not usually part of the architects’ domain, or too limited, restricting experimentation. The analysis of the perception of immersion and atmosphere disclosed some subjective aspects related to the instrumentalizing of architects’ imagination, which hinders the perception of alternative uses of VR. Finally, it is argued that the most significant potential of VR for architects is related to the unlikely atmospheres it can bring to presence, allowing architects to experience and be affected by spatialities that are not only a digital reproduction of the look and/or behaviour of a physical environment.
This work aims to report the specific interest of experiential walks for smell perception in environmental analyses, using a review of different methods and field actions. The first part of the chapter reviews the main difficulties when one wants to comprehend environmental olfactory phenomenon, emphasizing the importance of semantic considerations and the role of the context accounts (from in vitro to in-situ, including in vivo approaches). By the way, field studies on the topic are scarce, especially if compared to the in vitro experiments profusion. If in vitro approaches allow parameters controls and statistical analysis, they struggle to covert identified ordinary life smell phenomenon. However, expectations and implicit memories are critical in everyday smell experiences. Even in vivo approaches, such as store reconstitutions, often fail to appreciate the magnitude of contexts in olfactory interpretations, especially situational ones. The second part of the chapter therefore, considers the main assets of experiential walks for smell: an in-situ posture implying confrontation of heterogenic data and an in motion specificity. The first one may permit to go a little farer then the simple sources inventory often use in environmental smell analyses. The second one allows renew sensations for a sense for which habituation, that is the rapid and specific olfactory acclimatization when exposed to an odor, is a particulary important feature of everyday smell experiences and movements. The advantages and drawbacks of smell walks are then discussed, to clear some recommendations for smell walks applications.
Les mondes du numérique et de l’architecture entretiennent des relations étroites depuis plusieurs dizaines d’années. Du simple écran au multimédia immersif, les modalités de la numérisation sont multiples. Le réel ainsi augmenté modifie les processus de conception et les modes de représentation en architecture. Les connaissances et les valeurs de la discipline architecturale s’en trouvent affectées.
L’architecture paraît en crise face à l’évolution numérique de notre société : les diagnostics, les critiques et les théories qui se saisissent de cette mutation sont loin d’être unanimes. Le potentiel créatif des acteurs de la discipline ne pourrait-il pas contribuer, de manière positive et décisive, à une anticrise plus globale ?
Au-delà de la séduction graphique du multimédia immersif et autres inventions numériques, Anticrise architecturale rassemble des écrits réflexifs qui, selon des angles variés, détaillent une situation complexe et pointent les complémentarités comme les discordances.
Engaging Hejduk’s compelling project, ‘Berlin Masque’ (1981), this paper looks into writing’s power to develop unforeseen possibilities of architectural program. In his ‘Berlin Masque’ proposal, unlike his earlier ‘Masques’, Hejduk clearly prioritizes his prose – not his small accompanying sketches – as the place where the architectural proposition is primarily portrayed. Unpacking these texts in detail will indicate how language represents spatial elements and allow one to imagine moments of spatial appropriation, thus creating original architectural images of cultural significance. Furthermore, the paper demonstrates how Hejduk’s texts and new programmatic possibilities aspire to reconcile Berlin with the trauma of the Second World War. His proposal intends to remind the city’s inhabitants that history is not something that is limited to the past, but a development that involves new, everyday happenings and their interaction with memory. Expanding on the rituals of inhabitation for each suggested structure, as narrated in the texts, the paper outlines how the new stories proposed by the architect acknowledge the city’s existing narratives while creating the necessary space for new ones to appear. The conclusion extracts the significance and uniqueness of the ‘Berlin Masque’ as an architectural project, as well as the significance of language for Hejduk as an architect. It discusses briefly the noted interest in ar
In Stieglerian fashion, this paper is concerned with both the loss and the re-creation of knowledge in the field of architecture. The student of architecture must be the one who learns new tools and new forms of knowledge and this has profound implications and applicability for the philosophy of education as it is a question of the recuperation of architecture with negentropic tools. Why? In the realm of the digital, it is the case that architectural student is at risk of dis-individuation, the loss of knowledge of such. Therefore, the paper concerns itself with questions of maturity, critical intelligence, trans-individuation, the crisis of noetic being, the artisanal mode of learning and finally the proletarianization of the faculties. It is concerned with the reclamation of noetic space and the search for negentropic tools. This paper is thus pertinent to the philosophy of education because it pertains to the act of creation, the question of imagination and to the loss of thinking as such. Focusing on the history of architecture it demonstrates the loss of knowledge in the history of architecture and shows this has clear implications for the philosophy of education, which is precisely concerned with the nurturing and maturing of the thinking subject. The crisis in the proletarianization of the faculties in architecture pinpoints the role of the artisan’s mode of learning and its crisis brought by the digitisation of architecture. The conclusion shows that Stiegler’s philosophy of the pharmakon is appropriate to understand this movement as it points to new and embraces new modes of learning in the present.
This book investigates urban nightlife transformations and the challenge of enhancing the sense of belonging in sensitive areas like local communities and historical sites and offers new insights into controlling the chaotic intervention of traditional or digital technology, whether from citizens themselves or local authorities"-Provided by publisher. Identifiers: LCCN 2020055424 (print) | LCCN 2020055425 (ebook) | ISBN 9781799870043 (hardcover) | ISBN 9781799870050 (paperback) | ISBN 9781799870067 (ebook) Subjects: LCSH: Public spaces. | Nightlife. | Technology-Social aspects. Classification: LCC NA9053.S6 T73 2021 (print) | LCC NA9053.S6 (ebook) | DDC 725-dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2020055424 LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2020055425
The four volumes of The nature of Order often referred to as Christopher Alexander's Third Theory is perhaps the most ambitious and recent attempt made by the architect and thinker at creating a truly holistic theory of architecture and the built environment. The article provides a discussion of his Opus Magnum in relation to the architect's earlier work. It is suggested that a theory offered by Christopher Alexander can be considered scientific even it shows a certain lack of scholarly apparatus and a certain disregard of conventional academic style. These supposed drawbacks, however, paradoxically allow Alexander to present an unconventional and original architectural theory strongly related to his own architectural practice and his knowledge of natural sciences. The attempt to bridge the "physics" and "metaphysics" of architecture in relation to the present concern about the future of the natural and built environment, as well as persistent consideration of human consciousness and its environment, makes his intellectual project exceptional in many ways. That project is potentially far more useful as an intellectual tool of design than many are ready to acknowledge at the present moment.
ResearchGate has not been able to resolve any references for this publication.