ArticlePDF Available

لام الأمر في اللغة العربية معانيها وعلمها

Authors:

Abstract

ملخص البحث يتناول هذا البحث لام الأمر: معانيها وعملها,ويعرج على تعريف لام الأمر وحركتها ومعانيها التي يقتضيها المقام,ودخولها على الغائب والمتكلم والمخاطب,وحذف لام الأمر وعملها,مستعرضًا آراء النحاة حولها,ومحاولًا الوقوف على تلك الآراء بالتحليل والنقد للوصول إلى أقرب تلك الآراء للصواب,وخلصت هذه الدراسة إلى نتائج أهمها:تسمية هذه اللام بلام الأمر وليس لام الطلب؛لأنها تدل على الطلب وغيره,وحركتها الكسر,ويكثر تسكينها بعد الواو والفاء,ويجوز بعد ثم رغم اعتراض بعض النحاة على ذلك,تدخل هذه اللام على المتكلم والغائب والمخاطب سواء أكان الفعل مبنيًا للمجهول أم للمعلوم,في الفعل المبني للمعلوم في حالة المخاطب استغنوا بفعل الأمر عن اللام,بعد حذفها وحذف حرف المضارعة للتخفيف وكثرة الاستعمال واستغنائهم عنها بخطابه ومواجهته,يجوز حذف لام الأمر مع بقاء عملها دون تغيير في صيغة الفعل,وفعل الأمر مبني على رأي البصريين, وليس معربًا بلام الأمر المحذوفة على رأي الكوفيين, وإن كان أصله فعلًا مضارعًا حذفت لامه وحرف المضارعة وذكرت ألف الوصل لئلا يبدأ بساكن,فاللام لا تعمل محذوفة مع تغيير صيغة الفعل؛ ولذلك فرأي البصريين في بناء فعل الأمر أقرب إلى الصواب وهذا يفسر القاعدة التي تقول:"يبنى فعل الأمر على ما يجزم به مضارعه". Abstract The research the imperative lam prefix (lam Al Amr) and its function. It introduces a definition for it, its motion (haraka), its meanings as required by its position, and its entry on the first, second and third person pronouns. Moreover, it deals with the cases of omission of the imperative lam prefix. The research previews the different grammarians’ views about the imperative lam prefix and treats them with critical analysis in an attempt to identify the soundest views. The research arrives at certain conclusions; the most significant of which can be summarized in the following: The imperative lam prefix should be called as such; i.e. the ‘imperative lam prefix; and not the ‘request lam prefix’ because its meanings serves both request but also extend beyond request. The imperative lam prefix’s syntactic motion is the kasra, yet it is frequently used with a sokoun when preceded by the waw and the faa’. It is also possible to use the sokoun after the word ‘thomma’ – meaning ‘then’ - although some grammarians object this usage. The imperative lam prefix can precede the first, second and third person pronouns, whether the verb is active or passive. However, in the case of the active verb, the imperative form of the verb may replace the imperative lam prefix in case of using the first person pronoun with it. In this case, the imperative lam prefix is omitted together with the letter that indicates the imperfect verb (fi’l mudari’) for lighter pronunciation and frequent usage, and skipping using it in addressing and facing the others. It is permissible to omit the imperative lam prefix, yet keep its function unchanged in the verb form, the imperative verb (fi’l Amr), according to the Basrieen, and not with the syntax of the omitted imperative lam prefix, as the Kofieen suggest, even if its origin an imperfect verb (fi’l mudari’) which lam and imperfection latter are omitted. The lam does not function when it is omitted with changing the verb form. Thus, the Basrieen’s opinion in the imperative verb (fi’l Amr) is more sound, which interprets the rule that suggests that “the imperative verb (fi’l Amr) is subjunctive the same as its imperfect form ((fi’l mudari’) is jussive”.
  



:
   
      














Abstract
The research the imperative lam prefix (lam Al Amr) and its function. It introduces a
definition for it, its motion (haraka), its meanings as required by its position, and its
entry on the first, second and third person pronouns. Moreover, it deals with the cases
of omission of the imperative lam prefix. The research previews the different
grammarians‟ views about the imperative lam prefix and treats them with critical
analysis in an attempt to identify the soundest views.
The research arrives at certain conclusions; the most significant of which can be
summarized in the following:
The imperative lam prefix should be called as such; i.e. the „imperative lam prefix;
and not the „request lam prefix‟ because its meanings serves both request but also
extend beyond request. The imperative lam prefix‟s syntactic motion is the kasra, yet
it is frequently used with a sokoun when preceded by the waw and the faa’. It is also
possible to use the sokoun after the word „thomma’ meaning „then‟ - although some
grammarians object this usage. The imperative lam prefix can precede the first,
second and third person pronouns, whether the verb is active or passive. However, in
the case of the active verb, the imperative form of the verb may replace the imperative
lam prefix in case of using the first person pronoun with it. In this case, the imperative
lam prefix is omitted together with the letter that indicates the imperfect verb (fi’l
mudari’) for lighter pronunciation and frequent usage, and skipping using it in
addressing and facing the others. It is permissible to omit the imperative lam prefix,
yet keep its function unchanged in the verb form, the imperative verb (fi’l Amr),
according to the Basrieen, and not with the syntax of the omitted imperative lam
prefix, as the Kofieen suggest, even if its origin an imperfect verb (fi’l mudari’) which
lam and imperfection latter are omitted. The lam does not function when it is omitted
with changing the verb form. Thus, the Basrieen‟s opinion in the imperative verb (fi’l
Amr) is more sound, which interprets the rule that suggests that “the imperative verb
(fi’l Amr) is subjunctive the same as its imperfect form ((fi’l mudari’) is jussive”.























































































































































































.










































































):























































































































































































































































































 

 
       
 















   

























































































 

 

 

 

 

 

 
 
 


 

 

 
 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 
 

 

 

 

 
 

 

 
 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 
 

 

ResearchGate has not been able to resolve any citations for this publication.
ResearchGate has not been able to resolve any references for this publication.