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Öğrencilerin Mobil Kozalanma (Mobile Cocooning) Davranışlarının Analizi: İzmir Örneği Analysis of Mobile Cocooning Behavior of Students: The Case of Izmir
Abstract
Purpose: Article aims to examine the mobile cocooning effect created by mobile devices in consumer and its dimensions by evaluating the concept of "mobile cocoons" as a new life form.
Methodology: Since the usage of mobile devices has increased recently, and seen as a inseparable part of life, 543 students between 16-26 ages in Izmir were taken as a sample and a the data were obtained through questionnaires
Günümüzde dijital cihazların kullanım oranı her geçen gün artmakta ve gelişen teknolojiler bireylerin hayatlarına daha kolay dahil olabilmektedir. Bireyler yeni teknolojileri kullanma yolunda kendilerini daha güdülenmiş hissetmekte, bunun sonucunda aktif olarak kullandıkları dijital cihazların sayısı ve bu cihazlarla geçirdikleri süre de eş zamanlı olarak artmaktadır. Çeşitli bağımlılıklara da neden olabilen bu cihazlar, bireylerin yaşantılarında gün geçtikçe daha çok yer kaplarken çeşitli üstünlük ve sınırlılıkları da beraberinde getirmektedir. Teknolojiyi yakından takip eden ve her yeni teknolojiyi denemek için güdülenmiş bir bireyin yakın çevresinde dizüstü bilgisayar, akıllı telefon, tablet, akıllı saat gibi çeşitli dijital cihazlar sürekli bulunabilmektedir. Bireylerin etrafındaki dijital cihazların sayısının ve sundukları olanakların artmasıyla birlikte günümüzde sıklıkla gerçekleştirilen davranışlarından biri olan “dijital çelinme” kavramını doğurmuştur. Bu çalışmada dijital çelinme kavramının, Türkçe alanyazına kazandırılması amaçlanmış ve beraberinde alanyazında geçen ilişkili kavramlar, nedenleri ve türleri bütüncül bir bakış açısıyla ele alınmaya çalışılmıştır.
Aynı dönemlerde yaşayan, ortak özelliklere sahip bireylerin oluşturduğu grupları kuşak olarak tanımlayabiliriz. Yirmi birinci yüzyılda kuşak sınıflandırılması; Gelenekselciler, Bebek Patlaması, X, Y ve Z Kuşağı olarak yapılmaktadır. İnsanların algıları, beklentileri, öncelikleri, hayata bakış açıları ve nihayetinde de davranışları zaman kavramına bağlı olarak
değişmektedir. Birbirlerine yakın dönemlerde dünyaya gelen insanların benzer özelliklerinin olması ve her bir kuşağın farklı özelliklere sahip olması, araştırmacıların kuşak kavramı ve kuşakların özelliklerine olan ilgisinin yoğunlaşmasına neden olmuştur. Günümüz şartlarında, bir arada çalışmak zorunda olan dört kuşak bulunmaktadır. Bu kuşakların birbirleri ile yaşadıkları problemler kuşkusuz sosyal yaşam ve çalışma yaşamı açısından organizasyonların tüm çalışma düzenlerini etkileyebilecek niteliktedir.
Ayrıca bu kuşakların iş görme algısı farklılıkları, yeni çalışma alışkanlıklarının çıkmasına neden olmaktadır. Günümüz çalışma hayatına en son katılan kuşak olan Y kuşağının kişilik özelliklerinden kaynaklanan, her an her yerde çalışabilme arzusu ile birlikte mobilite kavramı gündeme gelmiştir.
Bu çalışmanın amacı, kuşak kavramını tanımlamak, kuşak sınıflandırması ve kuşakların farklılaşan özelliklerini inceleyerek, bu farklılıklar arasında dikkat çekici olan Y kuşağının teknoloji kullanımını, alışkanlıklarını, mobil ve mobilite algılarını ve bununla birlikte iş yaşamında ortaya çıkan yeni kavram olan mobil yakalılar kavramını açıklamaktır.
Previous research on smart phone use while driving has primarily focused on phone calls and texting. Drivers are now increasingly using their phone for other activities during driving, in particular social media, which have different cognitive demands. The present study compared the effects of four different smart phone tasks on car-following performance in a driving simulator. Phone tasks were chosen that vary across two factors: interaction medium (text vs image) and task pacing (self-paced vs experimenter-paced) and were as follows: Text messaging with the experimenter (text/other-paced), reading Facebook posts (text/self-paced), exchanging photos with the experimenter via Snapchat (image, experimenter -paced), and viewing updates on Instagram (image, experimenter -paced). Drivers also performed a driving only baseline. Brake reaction times (BRTs) were significantly greater in the text-based conditions (Mean = 1.16 s) as compared to both the image-based conditions (Mean = 0.92 s) and the baseline (0.88 s). There was no significant difference between BRTs in the image-based and baseline conditions and there was no significant effect of task-pacing. Similar results were obtained for Time Headway variability. These results are consistent with the picture superiority effect found in memory research and suggest that image-based interfaces could provide safer ways to "stay connected" while driving than text-based interfaces.
Objective: Smartphones have many features such as communication, internet, photography, multimedia and navigation, and are currently one of the most popular technological devices. Usage of smartphones has increased rapidly and this rapid increase has brought about addiction and problematic usage. To our knowledge, there is no scale, which can be used to assess addiction to smartphones in the Turkish population. The aim of this study was to adapt Turkish terminology and to assess the reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the Smartphone Addiction Scale.
The purpose of this research is to develop the smart phone addiction scale and conduct the studies of its validity and reliability. In accordance with this purpose, a literature review was performed and an item pool was generated while developing the Scale and expert view was received for face and content validity and the scale was pilot-applied to the target group. The scale was corrected in line with the pilot application and expert views, and then it was applied to the participants and the studies were performed for factorial and structure validity and reliability. The participants of the research were categorized into two separate groups for two different studies in developing the smart phone addiction scale. The first study was composed of 234 students who study at different high schools in the city center in Sakarya for the exploratory factor analysis. The second study comprised of 228 students who study at ninth grade of different high schools in the city center in Sakarya for the confirmatory factor analysis. For the factorial validity, the scale was firstly analyzed with the exploratory factor analysis and a confirmatory factor analysis was performed to confirm this structure. Convergent and discriminant validity was applied for the structure validity of the scale. As a result, a valid and reliable smart phone addiction scale was obtained.
Recently, the popularity of smart phones has brought about changes in how people work and take breaks. This paper focuses on whether taking a break with a smart phones (e.g., browsing the internet or using social network services) has a different association with regaining vitality after ‘conventional breaks’ (e.g., walking or chatting face to face with friends). We surveyed a total of 450 workers in Korea with a diary questionnaire to see if there were differences in the effects of breaks via two theoretical paths of association: positively in terms of vigor and negatively in terms of emotional exhaustion. Empirical results show that psychological detachments by breaks, independent of break modes, did increase vigor and reduce emotional exhaustion, consistent with the existing literature. However, we also found that the effects, particularly in reducing emotional exhaustion, were significantly lower for the smart phone break group versus the conventional group. We discuss some theoretical and practical implications of these findings.
Courses: Survey of Mass Media, Broadcast Journalism, News Writing, Media Programing, Communication Technology.
Objective: Employing the concept of a “hot-clock radio format,” the purpose of this unit activity is to motivate students’ collaborative learning in news reporting, interviewing, and media programing via smart phones.
This study examined the simultaneous impact of Facebook (FB) and smart phone usage (SP) on the leisure activities (LA) and college adjustment (SACQ) of students in Serbia. The moderating effects of gender on the observed relationships were also examined. An exploratory study of students in Serbia (N = 485) revealed that: 1. Students in Serbia spend a daily average of 2.76 h on Facebook, while the average total daily smart phone use is 8:34 h 2. Facebook and smart phone use has no decisive influence on the allocation of time for leisure activities and college adjustment. 3. Facebook and smart phone use still has a certain positive effect on leisure activities, but this influence can become slightly negative if Facebook and smart phones are used too much. 4. In cases of a lack of time, students are more likely to sacrifice academic work, rather than time for Facebook, smart phones, or leisure activities. 5. The moderating effects of students' gender on the observed relationships are weakly expressed. Finally, Facebook and smart phone use has become a common and integral part of life for the majority of Serbian students, and the time for these activities is integrated into their overall time.
The present study examined trait self-compassion and trait self-esteem in relation to positive (PA) and negative affect (NA), as well as their associations with stress reactivity in daily life. One hundred and one subjects completed questionnaires on perceived stress and affect twice a day for 14 consecutive days on smart phones. Results indicated that self-compassion and global self-esteem were positively related to PA and negatively to NA. After controlling for self-esteem, self-compassion remained significantly associated with PA and NA, whereas self-esteem was no longer associated with PA and NA after controlling for self-compassion. Furthermore, results indicated that self-compassion buffered the effect of stress on NA, whereas this was not the case for global self-esteem. Neither self-compassion nor self-esteem moderated the relation of stress on PA in separate models. The results of the present study add to the growing literature regarding beneficial relations of self-compassion and psychological well-being and further emphasize the distinction of self-compassion and global self-esteem.