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Abstract
Objective: To study the antipyretic and anti-inflammatory constituents from the active fraction of Reduning Injection (RI). Methods: The active fraction of RI was screened by the LPS-induced mouse endotoxin shock model. The chemical constituents were isolated by chromatography on silica gel, ODS, Sephadex LH-20, Toyopearl HW-40 columns, reverse phase MPLC, and HPLC repeatedly, and their structures were identified by spectral data and physicochemical property. Results: The 95% ethanol eluate of RI on the macroporous adsorption resin column was proved to be the antipyretic and anti-inflammatory active fraction of RI. Fourteen compounds were isolated and identified as dibutyl phthalate (1), isovanillic acid (2), acetovanillone (3), phenylpropionic acid (4), geniposide (5), jasmigeniposide B (6), geniposidic acid (7), genipin-1-β-D-gentiobioside (8), 6″-O-trans-p-coumaroylgenipin gentiobioside (9), 6″-O-trans-feruloylgenipin gentiobioside (10), 6″-O-trans-sinapoylgenipin gentiobioside (11), jasmigeniposide A (12), 6″-O-trans-cinnamoylgenipin gentiobioside (13), and 2'-O-trans-caffeoylgardoside (14). Conclusion: Compounds 1-4 and 13 are reported from RI for the first time; And UPLC analyses and literature data showe that compounds 5 and 7-13 are originated from Gardenia jasminoides. © 2017, Editorial Office of Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs. All right reserved.
... The structures of the following 17 compounds isolated from O. vulgaris were identified by ( 1 H-NMR, 13 C-NMR and ESI-MS) techniques: D-mannitol (compound 1) (Wang 2015), geniposidic acid (compound 2) (Ge et al., 2017), salidroside (compound 3) (Qu et al., 2020), shanzhiside methyl ester (compound 4) (Zhang et al., 2019a), eleutheroside B (compound 5) (Meng et al., 2020), geniposide (compound 6) , 7,8-dihydroxycoumarin (compound 7) , gardoside methyl ester (compound 8) (Cai et al., 2013), arenarioside (compound 9) (Pan 2011), verbascoside (compound 10) (Zhang et al., 2019a), isoacteoside (compound 11) (Zhang et al., 2019a), vanillic acid (compound 12) (Wang et al., 2020c), p-hydroxy-cinnamic acid (compound 13) (Shang et al., 2019), melampyroside (compound 14) (Vogl et al., 2013), syringaresinol (compound 15) (Xia et al., 2021), tricin (compound 16) , and diosmetin (compound 17) . The structures of the 17 monomers are shown in Figure 5A. ...
Odontites vulgaris Moench has the effect of clearing away heat, detoxification, dispelling wind, and clearing dampness. In this study, the potential anti-inflammatory compounds of O. vulgaris were investigated using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (UPLC–MS/MS) combined with the network pharmacology approach and further confirmed on an LPS-activated RAW 264.7 macrophage model. Monomer compounds were prepared from the active fraction using modern advanced separation and purification methods. UPLC–Q-Exactive HRMS was used to identify the chemical compounds in the active fractions of O. vulgaris. D-mannitol, geniposidic acid, salidroside, shanzhiside methyl ester, eleutheroside B, geniposide, 7,8-dihydroxycoumarin, gardoside methyl ester, arenarioside, vanillic acid, p-hydroxy-cinnamic acid, melampyroside, syringaresinol, tricin, and diosmetin were isolated from O. vulgaris for the first time. A compound database of O. vulgaris was established based on the existing literature to predict the mechanism of O. vulgaris in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. The results suggest that the PI3K-Akt pathway mediates O. vulgaris and deserves more attention in the treatment of RA. Finally, the anti-rheumatoid arthritis effects of the four target compounds were validated with the decreased levels of NO, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells treated with LPS. The present study explored the potential targets and signaling pathways of O. vulgaris in the treatment of RA, which may help to illustrate the mechanisms involved in the action of O. vulgaris and may provide a better understanding of the relationship between O. vulgaris and RA. This study provides novel insights into the development of new drugs and utilization of Mongolian traditional Chinese medicine resources.
An undescribed fusaric acid derivative, fusaricate L (1) was isolated together with eight known compounds (2-9) from mangrove plant Rhizophora apiculata rhizosphere soil-derived Streptomyces angustmyceticus J-71. The structures of these compounds were established by extensive NMR spectroscopic data and comparison with the data of literature. Moreover, all isolated metabolites were tested for antifungal and antibacterial activities against a panel of plant and human pathogens. Compounds 4, 6, 7 and 9 showed modest antimicrobial activities towards methicillin- susceptible Staphylococcus aureus.
Natural products have attracted a great deal of attention as significant resources in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and in chemical medicine, as well as in cosmetic ingredients, nutraceuticals and food products. Isochlorogenic acid (ICGA), which has medicinal value, has been discovered in various plants. As a widespread natural medicine, ICGA should be the subject of further research and development. However, there have been no systematic analyses of ICGA. According to our investigation, ICGA was initially isolated from green coffee extracts by Barnes et al. in 1950. To date, it has been discovered in a variety of tea, vegetables, medicinal diet and TCM materials. ICGA is used as a chemical marker for the quality control of these TCM materials. The metabolic process of ICGA has been studied in detail, conforming to be linear dynamics. Thus, the clear pharmacokinetics of ICGA offers a solid foundation for its research and development. ICGA has multiple biological and pharmacological effects, and studies have mainly focused on its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, hypoglycemic, neuroprotective, and cardiovascular protective effects, and hepatoprotective properties. The mechanisms underlying these effects are summarized in this review to provide scientific support and inspiration for the future research and development of ICGA and ICGA-rich natural products.
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