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Mapping of travel routes in Jules Verne's novels
Abstract
The paper presents cartographic analysis of travel routes in the series of novels "Extraordinary Voyages" by Jules Verne. Works by Jules Verne have been investigated in numerous publications, but mostly by literary scholars and quantitative methods were not commonly applied. Routes, route waypoints and modes of travelling are shown on world maps that facilitate understanding the geographic space of journeys – shapes, lengths and density of routes, described in 28 novels. It is an example of cartography of literature that accumulates spatial references used by a single author. The maps reveal some semiotic peculiarities of Jules Verne’s routes: start and end points of a route are stable identifiable in the majority of cases; route linkages are stable, but the scale varies along the route; travel routes are often circular.
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Virtual Geographic Environments (VGEs) are proposed as a new generation of geographic analysis tool to contribute to human understanding of the geographic world and assist in solving geographic problems at a deeper level. The development of VGEs is focused on meeting the three scientific requirements of Geographic Information Science (GIScience) — multi-dimensional visualization, dynamic phenomenon simulation, and public participation. To provide a clearer image that improves user understanding of VGEs and to contribute to future scientific development, this article reviews several aspects of VGEs. First, the evolutionary process from maps to previous GISystems and then to VGEs is illustrated, with a particular focus on the reasons VGEs were created. Then, extended from the conceptual framework and the components of a complete VGE, three use cases are identified that together encompass the current state of VGEs at different application levels: 1) a tool for geo-object-based multi-dimensional spatial analysis and multi-channel interaction, 2) a platform for geo-process-based simulation of dynamic geographic phenomena, and 3) a workspace for multi-participant-based collaborative geographic experiments. Based on the above analysis, the differences between VGEs and other similar platforms are discussed to draw their clear boundaries. Finally, a short summary of the limitations of current VGEs is given, and future directions are proposed to facilitate ongoing progress toward forming a comprehensive version of VGEs.
This essay offers an analysis of the literary and narrative functions of the maps and other related design elements of the illustrated Hetzel editions of Jules Verne's Voyages Extraordinaires. I argue that the complexity and originality of the play of word and image in these texts represent one of the signal achievements of Verne and his publishers. Taken as a whole, the Voyages are among the most accomplished and evocative reflections in modern fiction on the relations of the alphabetic text to its graphic counterparts.
Jules Verne aspired to be a geographer and claimed to have defined the «geographical» novel. He also had an emotional bond with Scotland and situated three of his novels there. This paper examines the validity of his geographical credentials by analysing the content of his three very contrasted Scottish novels. The conclusion is reached that although Verne depicts geographical settings authentically, and the elaborate itineraries are generally accurate, Verne's fascination with Scottish culture tends to dominate the narrative. The paper draws on field research and newly available archival evidence to cast new light on Verne's travels in Scotland.
There are numerous possibilities arising from the potential presented by globes, New Media and display technology. Many scientists and engineers are already involved in the development of digital globes and this illustrates a broad interdisciplinary collaboration. Examples and developments, as illustrated will lead to a significant variety of digital globes never seen or imagined before.
Digital globes are used primarily as an interface that acts as gateway to more comprehensive geospatial information. In the age of globalisation a global point of view is necessary so as to better understand interweaving and interdependences. Digital globes will also help to motivate users to work with globes, and thus encourages the examination of global topics and their possible relationships. A digital globe offers the potential for providing a tool that could act as a geographical knowledge transmitter. It seems that for globes a bright future exists.
This is the preprint version of our paper on ICWL2015. A virtual reality
based enhanced technology for learning primary geography is proposed, which
synthesizes several latest information technologies including virtual
reality(VR), 3D geographical information system(GIS), 3D visualization and
multimodal human-computer-interaction (HCI). The main functions of the proposed
system are introduced, i.e. Buffer analysis, Overlay analysis, Space convex
hull calculation, Space convex decomposition, 3D topology analysis and 3D space
intersection detection. The multimodal technologies are employed in the system
to enhance the immersive perception of the users.
Graphical abstract
These figures show how ‘bathtub curves’, mortality rates as a function of age, can be read from contour maps.
The red and blue lines in figure a indicate two planes which cut the landscape at right angles to both age and year. The corresponding red and blue lines in figure b effectively shows what the cross-sections formed by ‘cutting’ these surfaces along the planes would look like, i.e. they are tomographs, as commonly used in medical imaging.
The bathtub curve public health researchers really want to be able to estimate is that associated with the thin, dashed purple line in figure a. The corresponding tomograph produced would be the bathtub curve which will be experienced by a new cohort, in this those case born in 2008.
Although we do not have the data to produce the bathtub, we can estimate it by extrapolating the contours produced from the data we do have. This is likely to produce better estimates for the 2008 cohort than the alternatives shown here.