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The identification of Brucella can be a time-consuming and labor-intensive process that places personnel at risk for laboratory-acquired infection. Here,
we describe a real-time PCR assay for confirmation of presumptive Brucella isolates. The assay was designed in a multiplex format that will allow the rapid identification of Brucella spp., B. abortus, and B. melitensis in a single test.
Fifteen non pregnant female dromedaries of different age were intratracheally and intra-nasally infected with a Brucella melitensis strain belonging to the genetic group East Mediterranean (former African group). The development of Brucella antibodies in the infected dromedaries was investigated over a period of 12 months by comparing 15 different serological tests. Three uninfected control dromedaries remained negative during the entire experiment. Our investigations revealed that only 2 serological tests were characterised by a high degree of sensitivity for the diagnosis of brucellosis in dromedaries. These two tests are a Rose Bengal Test (RBT) from Vircell, Spain and a competitive ELISA (cELISA) from Ingenasa, also from Spain. The blood culture revealed that all tested sodium citrate blood samples were negative. Results of the enriched citrate blood samples of the infected 15 dromedaries fluctuated and became positive for a short time, but at the end of the experiment only one remained positive. Direct examination by PCR did not show any evidence of the pathogen in the EDTA blood of the 15 infected dromedaries. Also, all nasal swabs taken up to a period of 3 months post infection remained negative in both PCR and microbial culture. © 2018 Society of Internal Medicine of Taiwan. All rights reserved.
Camel brucellosis is a widespread zoonotic disease in camel-rearing countries caused by Brucella melitensis and Brucella abortus. The aim of this study was the first genetic analysis of B. melitensis strains isolated from dromedary camels (Camelus dromedarius) using multiple-locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA). MLVA 16 and its MLVA 8 and MLVA11 subsets were used to determine the genotypes of 15 B. melitensis isolates from dromedary camels (11 strains) and other host species (4 strains) from the United Arab Emirates and the results were then compared to B. melitensis MLVA genotypes from other parts of the world. Five, including two novel genotypes were identified with MLVA 8. MLVA 16 further discriminated these five genotypes to ten variants. The eleven camel isolates clustered into four main genetic groups within the East-Mediterranean and African clades and this clustering correlated with the geographic origin of the hosts (United Arab Emirates, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and Sudan) and the date of their isolation. The camel strains were also genetically related to strains isolated from wild and domestic ruminants from their close habitat or from other parts of the world. Although limited number of strains were analysed, based on our data imported animals from foreign countries, local small ruminants and wildlife species are hypothesized to be the main sources of camel brucellosis in the United Arab Emirates. MLVA was successfully applied to determine the epidemiological links between the different camel B. melitensis infections in the United Arab Emirates and it can be a beneficial tool in future disease control programs.
- U Wernery
- J Kinne
- R K Schuster
Wernery U, Kinne J, Schuster RK. Camelid Infectious Disorders. OIE Book.
2014; 135-147.
Where do Brucella organisms hide in serologically positive lactating dromedaries
- U Wernery
- J Kinne
- M Johnson
- P Nagy
Wernery U, Kinne J, Johnson M, Nagy P. Where do Brucella organisms
hide in serologically positive lactating dromedaries. In Proc. Int. Camel
Conference, 16.-17.2; College of Veterinary and Animal Science, Rajasthan
Agricultural University, Bikaner, India. 2007; 68-70.
Recovery of Brucella melitensis from Artificially Infected Dromedaries
- B Johnson
- J Kinne
- Jose Sh
- M Pfeffer
- R Shanmugaraja
- Pandarakandy Sh
Citation: Johnson B, Kinne J, Jose Sh, Pfeffer M, Shanmugaraja R, Pandarakandy Sh, et al. Recovery of Brucella
melitensis from Artificially Infected Dromedaries. Austin J Vet Sci & Anim Husb. 2018; 5(2): 1046.