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Horticulture and Ornamental Horticulture

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Patricia Paiva at Federal University of Lavras
Patricia Paiva
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HISTORICAL RESCUE OF DR. SALATIEL SQUARE: THE GARDEN OF THE CACHAÇA’S LARGO
SÃO JOÃO DEL-REI, MINAS GERAIS STATE, BRAZIL
34
Horticulture and Ornamental Horticulture
PATRÍCIA DUARTE DE OLIVEIRA PAIVA*
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14295/oh.v24i1.1169
* Professor of Floriculture and Landscaping in Federal University of Lavras, Associated Editor of Ornamental Horticulture, Member of Brazilian Society
for Floriculture and Ornamental Plants (SBFPO) and International Society for Horticultural Science (ISHS). Lavras-MG, Brazil. patriciapaiva@dag.ua.br
Licensed by CC BY 4.0
editorial
Horticulture is a segment of the agriculture area, whose
original term comes from the latin word Hortus that means
“a ower-lled meadow” or “culture of a garden”. Hortus
means horto (Portuguese) or garden (English) and is a
term used to designate an area with fruits all year long. In
contrast, in simple land, the production is seasonal whose
harvest may occur only once a year.
Horticulture Science, a direct relationship between
horticulture and science, may be considered as an essential
life science, and involves research and education for
knowledge and to establish skills on biological resources,
industry, environmental enhancement, and human health.
Horticulture Science area involves collection, preservation,
organization, characterization and improvement of genetic
resources. The application of science to horticulture is
referred as Horticulture Technology (ISHS, 2017).
It is important to highlight that Horticulture is not only
related with vegetable culture (as sometimes is thought),
but it is a broader concept that includes a great number
of species as plants for comfort and beautication. Crops
involved in Horticulture are vine, perennial bush and
tree nuts, vegetables (including roots, tubers, shoots,
stems, leaves), fruits, owers of edible, aromatic and
medicinal plants, cut owers, potted ornamental plants,
and bedding plants, trees and shrubs, turf and ornamental
grasses. Besides, since some horticultural plants are used
by animals to produce secondary compounds and these
compounds may be considered as a horticultural product,
such as honey, raw silk (not the silk), and maple syrup.
Also, mushrooms (cultivated or gathered) are considered
as horticultural crops (ISHS, 2017). Horticulture can be
divided in Food Horticulture and Ornamental Horticulture.
Ornamental horticulture concerns the production and use
of woody and herbaceous plants (Encyclopaedia Britannica,
2017), being divided in Floriculture and Landscape
Horticulture, besides Turf Industry. Floriculture can
be considered as an industry which involves growers,
wholesale market, activities of ower arrangement, and the
retail orist, including oral products in the orist’s trade.
A grower varies from a small family run farm to a huge and
technological production. Flower and pot plant production
may occur outdoor, but since it is largely performed in
greenhouses, this industry is strongly related to Horticulture.
Considering the quality and its perishability, transportation
is an important segment that should avoid losses.
Ornamental Horticulture also concerns landscape
and is divided into growth, design and maintenance.
Environmental Horticulture or Urban Horticulture is
a recent denomination associated with activities like
landscaping, gardening, and arboriculture. All these issues
are related with human life quality and health, which are
also linked to another term, Horticultural Therapy. In order
to improve the quality of life, it is important to consider in
Urban Horticulture the urban and peri-urban parks, urban
gardens, as well as the street trees. Arboriculture is a term
used only for ornamental trees in urban spaces, not for fruit
trees.
In order to give support to Floriculture and Urban
Horticulture, the nursery industry plays an important role
with the production and distribution of diversied plants,
including herbaceous and wood ornamentals, fruit plants,
some vegetables, aromatic and medicinal plants whose
use have been playing an important role in gardens. Plant
propagation also plays in important role in Horticulture
which includes seeds, cuttings, bulbs, corms, tubers,
rhizomes, and swollen roots. Nurseries also include sod
farms that grow grass, cut and move to landscape projects.
Many nurseries also execute garden planning (design) in
addition to wholesale, retail, and mail-order operations. For
example, garden centers are retail outlets that sell plants
grown in nurseries, along with garden supplies.
Nowadays, Ornamental Horticulture has being
considered as one of the most important scientic journal
in this area.
In summary, Horticulture is a complex subject that
involves different (but strongly connected) areas, that offers
many opportunities for education, resources, professional
industries, technology and employment.
References
Encyclopaedia Britannica. Ornamental Horticulture.
Available in www.britannica.com. Access on 15th Decemer
2017
ISHS. Dening horticulture. Available in www.ishs.org.
Access on 14th December 2017.
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This study conducts a bibliometric and content analysis based on publications indexed in the Web of Science Core Collection, aiming to map the evolution and key themes in horticultural research in the context of technological innovation and sustainability. The results reveal a strong orientation toward digitalization and automation, particularly through the integration of artificial intelligence, mechatronic systems, and sensor-based monitoring in crop management. In the field of biotechnology, keywords such as gene expression, genetic diversity, and micropropagation reflect a sustained research interest in improving crop resilience and disease resistance through genetic and in vitro propagation techniques. Furthermore, concepts such as environmental control, soilless culture, energy efficiency, and co-generation highlight the focus on optimizing growing conditions and integrating renewable energy sources into protected horticultural systems. The geographical distribution of studies highlights increased academic output in countries like India and regions of sub-Saharan Africa, reflecting a global interest in transferring advanced technologies to vulnerable areas. Moreover, collaboration networks are dominated by leading institutions such as Wageningen University, which act as hubs for knowledge diffusion. The findings suggest that future research should prioritize the development of durable, energy-efficient horticultural technologies adapted to various agro-climatic zones. It is recommended that policymakers and stakeholders support interdisciplinary research initiatives, promote knowledge transfer mechanisms, and ensure equitable access to innovation for smallholder farmers and emerging economies.
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Ornamental flowering plants are used worldwide for landscape design and as cut flowers. Most are imported from abroad and climatic conditions are different in their countries of origin. Although they produce seeds, these are often sterile and cannot germinate. Therefore, such species are multiplied vegetatively. In the present study it was investigated the propagation of two varieties of Mandevilla sanderi under the effect of three different rooting hormones (Incit 8, Radi-Stim® nr.1, Radi-Stim® nr.2), and two different rooting media (peat-perlite and peat). Untreated cuttings were considered as control. The results indicate that significant changes were obtained under the effect of the selected rooting stimulants, and that the rooting media did not influence the root initiation of the cuttings. Furthermore, no significant changes were observed on cuttings growth after transplantation. In conclusion, the current research shows that I8 and R2 increase the rooting of Mandevilla cuttings, and that the rooting media have no effect on the plants.
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Available in www.britannica.com. Access on 15th Decemer
  • Dec 2017
  • Encyclopaedia Britannica
Encyclopaedia Britannica. Ornamental Horticulture. Available in www.britannica.com. Access on 15th Decemer 2017 ISHS. Defining horticulture. Available in www.ishs.org. Access on 14th December 2017.