Action Research in Health
... This study was part of a larger action-oriented health promotion project, meaning that the principles for action research were as adopted for the research project. Action research is performed in close collaboration with practice, and the purpose is to understand and improve practice based on a scientific approach (Fals-Borda, 1991;Stringer & Genat, 2004). The action-oriented model (Nilsson Lindström & Bringsén, 2021) in this project aimed to increase pupil influence by their participation in all project steps, through giving the pupils the possibility to express their opinion, be listened to and listen to others and be involved in and influence planning. ...
... Pupils scored their answers on a four-graded semantic differential with respect to the following feelings: alert -tired; happy -sad; calm -stressed; healthy -sick; energetic -tired and focused -unfocused. To ensure valid content, the survey questionnaire was discussed with the participants, both pupils and teachers, in a process of member-checking before data collection started (Stringer & Genat, 2004). ...
... During the study, the results were member-checked (Stringer & Genat, 2004) by the participants, which confirmed the accuracy of the findings, and strengthened both the internal validity and objectivity of the results. A limitation related to external validity was that non-significant results were also presented. ...
The aim was to examine middle school-aged pupils’ participation in an action-oriented school health promotion project and investigate its effects on their health experience,
learning and influence. A survey was sent eight times to middle school-aged pupils (n = 105). A descriptive analysis with group comparisons was followed by a regression analysis. Health differences were found between gender and age. Aspects of pupil influence and learning about health showed positive progression during the project.
Satisfaction with school performance was most associated with health experience. Thus, health experience, gender, and age are factors to consider when planning similar
health promotion projects in schools.
... To produce participatory design intervention for Darussalam 4 th -grade elementary school students [4], the research used a specific methodology called Design as Generator (DAG) [6]. It combines Participatory Action Research (PAR) [7], [8], [9] with Design Thinking [10], [11], [12] methods. The combination will allow research-design-action activities to be done simultaneously by the team collaborating actively with all the stakeholders [13]. ...
... Design Thinking (DT) Discover-Look phase [7], [8], [9[,[10], [11], [12]: One of the initiatives that the students remembered was gardening activities. The children were passionate about the activities and even claimed that it was becoming their habits and also they brought the insights back to their home. ...
... Ideate-Think phase [7], [8], [9[,[10], [11,[12].where the result will come up as 'How Might We...?' (HMW) Question. ...
In the past 20 years, our deteriorating environment has become a global problem. Sustainable development has become our goals for a better future. In its SDG’s 2015-2030, the United Nation has shown that people and the continuity of the environment are integral. Sustainability means that it would provide for the recent generation necessities, without risking the needs of future generations. The research focus is building environmental awareness for the 4 th -grade students of Darussalam Elementary School, Panongan Regency, Tangerang. The propose strategy is by inserting educational comic through their formal Environment Education subject. It is develop through active engagement with the students as well as the teacher and Darussalam school environment using Participatory Action Research combine with Design Thinking methods. The result will be an educational comic that promotes environmental awareness that is connected to the school physical and learning environment. In the same time the comic will sparks the children’s imagination and ask them to put their knowledge from the book into action. This strategy of correlate people (the children), place (identity) and use (knowledge and action) is deemed effective in building sustainable environmental awareness for the future generation and has the potential to replicate nationwide.
... The police subculture outlines that an officer must trust and respect those of higher rank and when this subculture is challenged with whistleblowing, the reporting IJLRET International Journal of Latest Research in Humanities and Social Science (IJLRHSS) Volume 02 -Issue 03, www.ijlrhss.com || PP. [39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50] officer is often ostracized and branded as a menace with a consequence of communal segregation and marginalization (Millage, 2005). ...
... Volume 02 -Issue 03, www.ijlrhss.com || PP. [39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50] It is critical to create organizational cultures where ethics is valued and there is emotional acumen to report misconduct violations when they occur.McDevitt, Giapponi, and Tromley, (2007) developed a model of ethical decision-making grounded on the amalgamation of process and content analysis that is driven by questioning which includes: ...
... Based on the findings from the literature, a qualitative approach to assessing the role of emotional acumen and ethical decision-making was conducted utilizing members from the law enforcement community.According to Stringer (2013), focus groups represent an effective way to collect data and gain insight into an organizational phenomenon in that these participants have an intimate knowledge and understanding of the organization's internal culture, external regulatory conditions, infrastructure, resources, and history.Focus group participants were selected through purposive sampling, resulting in a selection of 12, 6 current and 6 former, African American law enforcement officers each with over 5 years of law enforcement experience and 4 who served as law enforcement supervisors. ...
Police ethics and misconduct have been in the public spotlight at very significant levels in the U.S. creating tremendous public administration challenge for many cities, state, and county governments. For those in law enforcement and corrections, public trust is an important part of being able to do the job effectively. When the public believes that those who enforce the law are intentionally biased, discriminatory, narcissistic, or unprincipled, the result is that cooperation between law enforcement and the public begins to erode. This issue becomes even more complex when police officers fail to report co-workers that engage in unethical behavior and police misconduct. This paper explores complex managerial, social, and public policy nuances of law enforcement ethics, moral reasoning, and whistleblowing in the age of the-Black Lives Matter‖ movement in The United States.
... Increasingly popular among coach education theorists, AR can be recognized as a collaborative approach to questioning or research that provides people with the means to develop systematic actions to solve specific problems that affect them. 25 While traditional research is intended to provide generalizable explanations for predicting and controlling events and phenomena, AR is based on the proposition that generalized solutions, plans, or programs may not fit all contexts or groups to whom they are applied. 25 Considering the many ways coaches learn, 26 AR has been used to enhance the understanding of the teaching and learning processes in coach education programs with different contexts and strategies. ...
... 25 While traditional research is intended to provide generalizable explanations for predicting and controlling events and phenomena, AR is based on the proposition that generalized solutions, plans, or programs may not fit all contexts or groups to whom they are applied. 25 Considering the many ways coaches learn, 26 AR has been used to enhance the understanding of the teaching and learning processes in coach education programs with different contexts and strategies. 12,15,27 AR may be structured as a spiral cycle that consists of four phases (i.e., planning, acting, observing, and reflecting), that allow for prolonged engagement with the research questions and enhanced experiences, which help to bridge the gap between theory and practice. ...
... 25 Because the inquiry process is developed in continuous collaboration with all participants during the cycle phases, 27 the AR process can be considered valid and legitimate by the participants, and the emerging solutions have the possibility of being sustainable and lasting for longer periods of time. 25 ...
A recent call for coach education highlights that the programs could become more learner-centered. Thus, the aim of this study is to provide an overview of the learner-centered teaching operationalization in a university-based coach education program. Using an action research approach, a Sports Pedagogy course was organized through five learner-centered teaching principles over one semester. Participants were a facilitator, a critical friend, and six students. Reflective journals, reflective conversations, and focus groups were used as data sources. Results showed that through different learning strategies based on collaboration and reflection, students were able to expand their understanding of sports coaching, and also to perceive themselves in the coach's role. Action research was a valuable approach to reflect as teachers, highlighting not only the teaching process but the need to understand and “change” (when possible) the learning environment. It is suggested that, to introduce the learner-centered teaching approach, a deep understanding of the institution's culture of learning is required to address meaningful material and support learners' engagement.
... This study also found that adhering to the principles of participatory process based on EST from beginning to end of the process resulted in work performance clarity, reduced the problem of confusion and built uniform understanding among all parties. Nevertheless, the main barrier found during the course of conducting the study was that families have no time to participate in all school activities due to time constraints caused by working to earn a living (41)(42)(43)(44) . Therefore, families proposed the use of technology to help reduce low participation and improve the communication linkage between school and family. ...
... This study was to make policies for controlling obesity among school-aged children more effective because: 1) good relationships were built, which led to a mutual willingness to hear opinions and needs of each party (20)(21)(22)42) ; 2) opportunities were offered for every party to participate in the problem-solving, which led to new ideas (22,44) ; 3) parents/guardians and teachers were empowered, which gave every party confidence in solving their problems (21) and 4) family and school felt a joint responsibility, which can result in the creation of sustainable policies in the future (21) . In terms of context, this type of intervention is feasible in low (47) , middle-income (20, 21) and high -income countries (22) . ...
Objectives:
To implement and evaluate the effectiveness of the community participatory program between school and family based on Ecological System Theory and Participatory Action Research. The intervention covers three levels at the individual, family and school levels comprising educating students and parents by using technologies, reducing sedentary behaviors, increasing exercise and changing to healthy food environments at school and home.
Design:
A quasi-experimental design was used in this study.
Setting:
Public primary school in Thailand.
Subjects:
The participants in the study were 138 school-age children in Grades 2-6 with their parents/guardians. The control group was 134 school-age children at a school of the same size with their parents/guardians.
Results:
Results shows that nutritional status is significantly improve within experimental group (p-value = 0.000) and between group during follow up (p-value = 0.032). Students' knowledge about obesity and non-communicable chronic diseases (NCDs) prevention as well as the physical activity and exercise behaviors in the experimental group were significantly higher than the control group (P-value = 0.000 and 0.044, respectively). Parents' perception of child obesity and the family modelling behaviors in the experimental group were also significantly higher than the control group; P-value = 0.013 and 0.000, respectively).
Conclusion:
The community participation program was found to be successful. Not only students, families and schools improved health behaviors and healthy food environments at home and school, but the students' long-term nutritional status also improved.
... To accomplish this, we took an action research approach to generate knowledge that informs change, marked by multiple, iterative cycles of planning, action, observation, and reflection, and continuous stakeholder participation. 13,14 Over the course of 5 years, our iterative cycles of action research 14 centered on two areas of focus: (1) mobilize an ePRO community of practice to facilitate knowledge sharing, and (2) establish guidelines for ePRO use in the context of LHS practice. Throughout the project, the processes of stakeholder engagement, co-production of knowledge, and reflexivity guided and informed continuous feedback loops. ...
... Action research approaches are grounded in the continuous involvement and participation of stakeholders. [12][13][14] Consequently, mobilizing an ePRO community of practice, or a learning community comprised of stakeholders that bring broad experiences and perspectives on the use of ePROs in practice, played a pivotal role in facilitating practicebased insights and reflexivity during all phases of the action research process. Table 1 details the community of practice activities and outputs that occurred throughout our action research phases and informed activities related to our second area of focus, developing guidelines for ePRO use. ...
Introduction:
Foundational to a learning health system (LHS) is the presence of a data infrastructure that can support continuous learning and improve patient outcomes. To advance their capacity to drive patient-centered care, health systems are increasingly looking to expand the electronic capture of patient data, such as electronic patient-reported outcome (ePRO) measures. Yet ePROs bring unique considerations around workflow, measurement, and technology that health systems may not be poised to navigate. We report on our effort to develop generalizable learnings that can support the integration of ePROs into clinical practice within an LHS framework.
Methods:
Guided by action research methodology, we engaged in iterative cycles of planning, acting, observing, and reflecting around ePRO use with two primary goals: (1) mobilize an ePRO community of practice to facilitate knowledge sharing, and (2) establish guidelines for ePRO use in the context of LHS practice. Multiple, emergent data collection activities generated generalizable guidelines that document the tangible best practices for ePRO use in clinical care. We organized guidelines around thematic areas that reflect LHS structures and stakeholders.
Results:
Three core thematic areas (and 24 guidelines) emerged. The theme of governance reflects the importance of leadership, knowledge management, and facilitating organizational learning around best practice models for ePRO use. The theme of integration considers the intersection of workflow, technology, and human factors for ePROs across areas of care delivery. Lastly, the theme of reporting reflects critical considerations for curating data and information, designing system functions and interactions, and presentation of ePRO data to support the translation of knowledge to action.
Conclusions:
The guidelines produced from this work highlight the complex, multidisciplinary nature of implementing change within LHS contexts, and the value of action research approaches to enable rapid, iterative learning that leverages the knowledge and experience of communities of practice.
... Research roles have traditionally been described as 'researcher', controller of the research, and 'subjects', the objects of the research (Stringer and Genat, 2004). This implies a power relationship where the researcher holds the power and the subjects are powerless. ...
... It enabled the organisation, principally the SMT, to reflect on the impact and influence of change that resulted from the process of organisational redevelopment. Action research emphasises the concept of co-researchers and stresses the notion of participation as fundamental to achieving more democratic processes and the realisation of practical, relevant outcomes (Stringer and Genat, 2004). ...
... 27 additional codes were included from these salient elements identified by our research team. In a few instances, activities appeared to be occurring in the drawingssuch as the clearing of a field for planting -but we were hesitant to "over-interpret" the images, with the risk of our interpretation being incomplete, inaccurate, or even judgmental (Stringer 2007). ...
... Besides the benefits mentioned above, RPs are useful for communicating results in a broadly understandable way. As stated by Stringer (2007), "researchers need to find ways of communicating that do not disempower groups of participants." In this regard, modeling results, which are often considered a "black box," can be made more understandable if depicted in this format. ...
The primary objective of this paper is to examine how socio-ecological modeling efforts can use participatory visual methods to bridge cultural and linguistic differences among research participants and researchers. The growing number of case studies of indigenous communities highlights the need for methods that recognize and represent such communities’ distinctive realities while also establishing alternative communication techniques to enhance the participatory process. Using the Rich Picture method as a first step in a participatory modeling effort in the Tumucumaque Complex, a multicultural indigenous reserve in the Brazilian Amazon, our research specifically investigates how young adults envision the “good life” in Tumucumaque, including their perceptions of the elements most central to indigenous lifeways as well as the perceived roles of traditional cultural materials and modern industrial technologies. Finally, we make a critical assessment of the Rich Picture method, elucidating both its strengths and weaknesses while also addressing the, often underestimated, complexity of modeling culture in socio-ecological research.
... The term "community" in action research refers to a group of people who are living or working together in a locality or geographically dispersed area and share an interest, emotion or identity (Bomar, 2010, Northway 2010, Stringer, 2007. Therefore, the term "community" in this study is referred to as the stakeholders of clinical nursing education in Ghana which include: a) nursing students, b) nursing faculty, c) clinical teachers at the clinical agencies, and d) policy Whereas community-based research is a philosophical approach which aims to collaboratively address the needs and issues within the community, participatory action research (PAR) is geared towards uncovering power imbalances and changing community systems to achieve social justice by involving policy makers or people linked with socio-political endeavours in the wider community (Caine & Mill, 2017). ...
... A community-based participatory action research (CBPR) approach was used to inform and guide this study. The stakeholders of nursing education are referred to as a community because the group involves individuals working together towards a common goal of providing a high standard of nursing education to students (Stringer, 2007). According to Greenwood and Levin (2007), action research is one of the most powerful ways of generating new knowledge. ...
... That isresearch with people, rather than on people (McTaggart, 1997 PAR has been described as a humanistic approach to knowledge generation (Goodley & Lawthom, 2005;Pedler and Burgoyne, 2008;Rowan, 2006). PAR works on a democratic basis (Stringer, 1999), and focusses on immediate benefits for participants; both of which were considered a good fit with the research context in practical, epistemological and ethical terms. The role of researcher as catalyst for change, rather than direct agent corresponds with the person centred therapeutic approach (Stringer, 1999, p. 25). ...
... That is, emergence in PAR has a postmodern resonance, emphasising heterogeneity and difference within the methodology (St. Pierre, 2011, Stringer, 1999. Rules are established along the way as meta-narratives are avoided (Lyotard, 1979). ...
Abstract
This study investigated applications of mainstream music technology for creative music making by people with disabilities within a person centred music therapy context. The research was undertaken with service users from two Enable Ireland facilities in Ennis and Limerick, Ireland working as independent communities of inquiry. A participatory action research (PAR) methodology was employed (Bradbury, 2015), engaging participants as co-researchers with full control over the research process. The guiding research question was “how does music technology help us to make music together?” The research incorporated an extended epistemology to acknowledge and incorporate different ways of knowing of the functionally diverse research groups (Reason & Riley, 2015). Musicing (Small, 1998) was considered the primary meaning-making modality optimising voice and agency of the co-researchers. Each group took part in three iterative cycles of planning, action and reflection to explore and develop skills with MIDI controllers, digital audio software, hand-held devices and apps, electric guitars and adapted video game controllers. The Limerick group conducted public concerts, research lectures and an interactive workshop. The Ennis group performed at their day facility and at an Arts & Disability event and curated a CD of their favourite improvisations. The research suggested that developing and sharing practical knowledge through music technology was an empowering experience. Rhizoanalysis was conducted to resolve and clarify the analysis of the research groups while maintaining a participatory perspective. Rhizomatic readings of selected events from the PAR research sessions identified connective dimensions in the group’s interactions and instances of becoming-musician as facilitated through the deterritorialisation of music technology, and of the interpersonal relations within the communities of inquiry themselves. Themes of modularity, isomorphism, affective synchrony, rhizomatic awareness, the role of effort and DMI fit and disruption of participatory hierarchies were identified by the readings.
... Several researchers among which are Elliot (1994), Stringer and Genat (2004), Kemmis and McTaggart (2007), Buchy and Ahmed (2007), Mill (2011), McNiff and Whitehead (2011) have adopted Lewin (1948) AR methodological framework to identify and reduce problems in diverse researches. However, findings in literature show that AR is mainly on areas such as information systems, management, health care development and education studies (Cushman 2001;Hauck and Chen, 1998;Barker et al. 2004;Rezgui, 2007;Azharet al., 2010). ...
Purpose: Research in construction engineering and management requires practical research approaches. However, the literature indicates that limited attention is focused on this issue and the methods used by most researchers are mainly quantitative surveys or case studies. In order to bridge this gap, this paper investigates how a proactive approach such as action research (AR) can be effectively adopted as waste identification and reduction in the structural design phase of the construction process. In other words, the paper explores the application procedures of AR as a data collection approach in South African consulting engineering firms. Design/methodology/approach: This was achieved by conducting action research in five selected consulting engineering firms located in Bloemfontein, South Africa, in 2016. The firms that were selected were those that have engineers with extensive experience in the structural design process (SDP), and are affiliated with Consulting Engineers South Africa. In the AR study, waste that is significant with the structural design process (SDP) in South African construction were investigated. The causes of the waste, their frequency of occurrence in different projects and the strategies that can be adopted to overcome the waste were also investigated. Findings: The findings in the exploratory study indicate that AR is a reliable, structured, and rigorous research approach that can be adapted to identify and reduce waste such as waiting time, design error, over-processing, excessive vigilance, overproduction, and correction/rework in the structural design phase of the construction process. Practical Implications: The study shows that AR is a suitable approach that can effectively improve collaboration between researchers and industry practitioners for efficient projects delivery. Originality/value: This paper satisfies all the tenets of originality as it has not been previously published and all the information obtained from other studies have been dully referenced.
... The project team adopted a Participatory Action Research (PAR) approach. Participatory Action Research (PAR) is "a systematic, participatory approach to inquiry that enables people to extend their understanding of problems or issues and to formulate actions directed toward the resolution of those problems or issues" [24]. PAR allows researchers to engage in cycles of critical reflection and respond with corrective actions to drive the next cycle. ...
... This framework is designed to be self-sufficient and encourages companies to utilise their internal resources to study and implement the Supplier Kanban System at a comfortable pace. An action research approach was used to conduct the study for the development of this framework (Lewin, 1946;Savin-Baden and Wimpenny, 2007;Stringer and Genat, 2004;Susman and Evered, 1978). The action research was conducted in a 30-year-old company manufacturing electrical components for the Malaysian automotive industry. ...
Purpose – The aim of this study is to develop a framework for the implementation of a Supplier Kanban System.
Design/methodology/approach – The research was conducted within a factory focusing on the warehousing and supplier-related operations using an action research methodology.
Findings – The study period spanning over six years was aimed to reduce the inventory and the manpower required to manage this inventory. This initiative led to a substantial average savings of more than 500,000 Malaysian ringgit annually.
Research limitations/implications – The focus of the study is on a framework for implementing a Supplier Kanban System in a small or medium-sized company within the automotive industry.
Practical implications – This framework is designed to be self-sufficient such that the members of the organisation can use it without the help of external experts or consultants.
Social implications – Reduction in inventory stored in the warehouse, the amount of redundant work carried out by the employees and other non-monetary improvements which are difficult to monetise resulted in a much better work environment and happier employees.
Originality/value – The change in the paradigm of the manufacturing value chain affects the Tier 1 and 2 suppliers in Malaysia. The lines and value chains posing challenges to the suppliers have brought the idea of the Supplier Kanban System. The Supplier Kanban System adopted the action research cycles and continuous
... On the one hand, emergence of participatory action research can be traced back to Kurt Lewin who addressed problems of segregation, different forms of domination, and assimilation for assisting people in resolving these issues in the course of change while studying the impact of change(s) simultaneously (Stringer & Genat, 2004). ...
The aim of this study is to serve as a self-transformative process targeting undergraduate students’ professional perspectives, sayings, doings and meaning makings on the conventional classroom management thought by introducing them to the possibilities of Web 3.0 technologies. The study was designed as a critical participatory action research (CPAR) and conducted with the participation of 46 undergraduate students (29 female, 17 male) from English Language Teaching department during the first term of 2019-2020 academic year (just before the COVID-19 closures) in Gaziantep University. To guide participants, a Video Clip Assessment Rubric was developed collaboratively. Critical self-reflections and in-class discussions were the sources of data. A great majority of the participants reflected that flipped learning could be a promising alternative over conventional pedagogies. They also declared the need for a comprehensive preparation and professional guidance in video clip casting for flipped classes. The most outstanding actionable knowledge, on the part of participants, produced by this CPAR would be the internal transformation enabled through reinterpretation of the facts and first hand learning experiences they encountered. Some further suggestions are made for the redesign of conventional classroom management courses at undergraduate level.
... The participatory design was selected to ensure that the research was responsive to the community stakeholders (ACH residents and staff) it intended to serve and thereby facilitate uptake of the findings (Goodyear-Smith et al., 2015). The participatory principles of the "Look-Think-Act" framework (Stringer and Genat, 2004) were applied. In this context, "Look" gathered collaborative information by empowering residents and staff to tailor the education programme utilising consumer engagement panels, "Think" analysed and interpreted information gathered to co-produce programme resources and "Act" implemented and evaluated the programme with stakeholders using pre-and postprogramme resident surveys and semi-structured staff interviews. ...
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to co-design a falls prevention education programme with aged care home residents and staff and evaluate its feasibility. The intention of providing the education programme was to assist residents to stay safe and mobile whilst reducing their risk of falling.
Design/methodology/approach
A two-phase mixed methods participatory design using a resident ( n = 6) and care staff ( n = 5) consumer engagement panel, pre- and post-programme resident ( n = 35) survey and semi-structured care staff interviews ( n = 8) was undertaken in two countries.
Findings
A poster, brochure, video and staff education guide featuring 12 safety messages depicting fall prevention behaviours were co-designed. Residents, supported by staff, perceived the falls prevention education programme as enjoyable and informative, but there were no significant differences in capability, opportunity or motivation. However, several residents were observed enacting fall prevention behaviours such as “If I feel unwell, I'll ring the bell” and waiting for staff assistance. Challenges to programme demand, acceptability and implementation which may have impacted residents' exposure and engagement with the programme were identified, along with recommendations to improve feasibility.
Practical implications
When developing falls prevention education programmes partnering with residents and staff, providing choices to meet personal and aesthetic preferences along with frequent, shorter duration learning opportunities are important for translating education messages into actions.
Originality/value
The use of bespoke resources, novel rhymes, positive messages emphasising safety and co-designing with residents themselves was a welcomed point of programme difference.
... While the innovation process for smart solutions comprises the unit of analysis in this study, our case study also has a component of action research because one co-author was actively involved in renewing Wärtsilä's innovation process. Action research comprises a participatory form of qualitative inquiry that aims at balancing between action-reflection and theory-practice for understanding and creating practical solutions to the prevailing problems, that is, how to overcome the challenges regarding smart solution development (Stringer, 2007). ...
The present study scrutinizes how an incumbent solution provider executes smart solution development (SSD). We aim to contribute to digital servitization research, which primarily focuses on either product, service, or software development, thus overlooking the integrative aspect of SSD. We unfold the holistic SSD development process in a single case study through 23 manager interviews, observational data, and strategic document analysis. The study extends the product-service innovations (PSI) literature by 1) identifying a set of innovation routines, such as collaborative, customer-focused, and decision-making, 2) demonstrating innovation management processes and practices associated with those routines, and 3) highlighting the co-alignment of innovation processes, routines, and practices to achieve improved outcomes from SSD. The study translates the empirical work into a framework and a set of propositions to guide future research. For managers, the study provides a framework and a set of capability-enhancing practices for a benchmark.
... Therefore, the study was based on methodology for PAR. A participatory approach has the intention to enable participants to extend their understanding of issues and to empower them to use their new knowledge [31]. Previous studies in this research project also investigated workplace relationships using a salutogenic approach [3,14,15]. ...
Relationships among colleagues, managers, and care recipients are mutually important, and need to be highlighted in workplace health promotion. The aim was to explore prerequisites for flourishing workplace relationships in a municipal healthcare setting for old people. As part of this process, we explored the staff’s suggestions on how work relationships could be improved. The study had a salutogenic and participatory approach, examining staff perceptions of what was required for flourishing relationships to be created, and their suggestions for the relationships to be more promotive. Four multi-stage focus groups, which met three times each, were conducted with staff (n = 26) in old age healthcare settings. A deductive analysis was performed, based on components of the flourishing concept: challenge, connectivity, autonomy, and competence. Informal and formal meetings at work were shown to build positively perceived relationships. The study describes meetings and relationships connected to the four components of flourishing. Suggestions for improving work relationships are also presented. This study contributes to workplace health promotion, and has a salutogenic and participatory focus on how to explore workplace relationships as a resource. The flourishing concept shows how workplace relationships can be explored as prerequisites for workplace health promotion.
... 8/9 educator) and Ms. Beverly Yuzicappi (Elder and Dakota Language educator) at Tatanka Najin School. Stringer and Genat (2004) discussed the process of action research as beginning with the Look -Think -Act research cycle. Look involves the researcher developing a preliminary understanding of "who is involved, what is happening, and how, where, and when events and activities occur" (p. ...
ABSTRACT
In Canada, and around the world, research ‘about’ or ‘on’ Indigenous peoples has traditionally been carried out at the expense of the peoples it was supposed to benefit. Many authors have proposed methods to increase the cultural appropriateness and respectfulness of the research. This research proposed using a traditional Dakota way of preserving and sharing knowledge (winter count) as a method that was culturally relevant and respected Indigenous ways of knowing to explore what First Nations youth believed contributed to their well-being. It incorporated aspects, principles, and concepts from Community based participatory research, Two-Eyed Seeing, postcolonial theory, and cultural safety.
The objectives for this research were a) to review and renew the winter count legacy in the community of Standing Buffalo Dakota First Nation through the youth, b) to build capacity within the participating youth to create and perpetuate winter counts that are tools for knowledge translation and transfer, c) to explore the utility, cultural appropriateness, and potential of winter counts as a visual research methodology, and d) to discover what these First Nation youth believe are important events in their lives that have contributed to their well-being and who they are today
Fifteen First Nations youth participated in learning about winter counts, creating an individual winter count, and sharing their winter counts with their peers, Elders, and teacher and in individual interviews. Several important lessons were learned. Lessons from the youth about well-being included the importance of contributions from physical activity, success, culture and spirituality, and relationships. Lessons about winter counts suggest that they are a way to build capacity about and understandings of traditional practices, a tool to prompt discussion, a tool for self-expression and creativity, a visual method, and culturally respectful research method. Most importantly, the winter count is dynamic and pragmatic and its potential for knowledge sharing is limitless. Many additional lessons about the process of this research were learned. These lessons have been articulated through a wise practices framework, which includes values and considerations that are essential in research with Indigenous peoples. Wise practices in research are those that are adaptable, flexible, creative, reflexive, pragmatic, respectful, and culturally and locally relevant.
... The study employs direct personal observation to deepend understanding of issues and observes the interaction of people in their natural setting. Informal observation and interaction with community members during the research period enables me to establish a relationship of trust with research participants which facilitated greater access to "inside" knowledge, thereby enhancing the credibility of the findings [18]. Observations made were comparing and utilize during focus group discussions and questionnaires to enrich research findings. ...
... PAR is a community-led (distinct from community-based) research stance that aims to describe and understand, rather than to predict and control [50][51][52][53] PAR provides a way for researchers and community members (who become research team members) to work together to define the problem, take action, and evaluate the impact and effectiveness of the interventions. PAR is an internally reflective, complex practice driven by social change and personal transformation through high levels of community ownership [51,54]. Through the process of PAR people experience the empowerment and transformation that stems from participation and informed decision making [55][56][57]. ...
In our work we studied the process of working alongside Afghan women who are refugees living in Colorado, and women living in two refugee camps in Palestine. By design, our work centers the participants as the key producers of knowledge. We set out to collectively discover, define, and understand parenting, child development, and family dynamics. Participants were invited to explore how their dreams for their children relate to early childhood education. Informed by participant input, we designed courses with culturally responsive and sustainable curriculums to increase the quality of care for young children. Our investigation sheds light on how parents reconcile different cultural experiences and prioritize their child’s development while trying to navigate novel contexts of childcare, preschool, or public school. In addition, the courses women took provided a pathway to enter the workforce in early childhood care, development, and education (ECCDE). This chapter describes our participatory action research process and the introspection and growth of resilient women transforming their parenting and their lives.
... Action research is advantageous for studying healthcare settings where clinical stakeholders have deep contextual knowledge about their environments and where researchers benefit from actively participating in the topic being studied [27][28][29]. Through cycles of planning (identifying issues, research questions, and inquiry methods), acting (gathering data), observing (health system project activities and meetings), and reflecting (analyzing data and communicating) [30], the research team informed UW Medicine clinical practice transformation and PRO stakeholder communities as they strategized about future system-wide PRO implementations. UW Medicine PRO stakeholders included the UW PROs Governance Committee members-a body of diverse clinical, administrative, informatics, and stakeholders charged with providing guidance on PRO implementation to the UW Medicine health system-as well as a broader learning community of stakeholders with known interest or experience in PRO implementation for clinical care. ...
Purpose
Supporting the capture and use of patient-reported outcomes (PROs) at the point-of-care enriches information about important clinical and quality of life outcomes. Yet the ability to scale PROs across healthcare systems has been limited by knowledge gaps around how to manage the diversity of PRO uses and leverage health information technology. In this study, we report learnings and practice insights from UW Medicine’s practice transformation efforts to incorporate patient voice into multiple areas of care.
Methods
Using a participatory, action research approach, we engaged with UW Medicine clinical and administrative stakeholders experienced with PRO implementation to inventory PRO implementations across the health system, characterize common clinical uses for PROs, and develop recommendations for system-wide governance and implementation of PROs.
Results
We identified a wide breadth of PRO implementations (n = 14) in practice and found that nearly half (47%) of employed PRO measures captured shared clinical domains (e.g., depression). We developed three vignettes (use cases) that illustrate how users interact with PROs, characterize common ways PRO implementations support clinical care across the health system (1) Preventive care, (2) Chronic/Specialty care, and (3) Surgical/Interventional care), and elucidate opportunities to enhance efficient PRO implementations through system-level standards and governance.
Conclusions
Practice transformation efforts increasingly require integration of the patient voice into clinical care, often through the use of PROs. Learnings from our work highlight the importance of proactively considering how PROs will be used across the layers of healthcare organizations to optimize the design and governance of PROs.
... Future research on the development of quality management capabilities may benefit from the use of an actionresearch framework (Stringer 2013). Action research may assuage agency stakeholders' concerns about the return on the investment in such research. ...
Quality or performance management capabilities allow agencies to identify effective practices in routine care, implement new practices, and learn to adapt practices as contexts change. Within child-serving human service systems there is not a dominant model of quality management capabilities and how they are deployed. Quality management capabilities and their development were explored at nine different child serving agencies. Agency respondents described four emergent core quality management capabilities: generating shared goals, managing information, routinizing problem-solving, and propagating a culture of quality. None of the nine agencies we studied excelled at all four. Each capability is described and implications for research, policy and practice are discussed.
... AR is a systematic approach for investigating which enables people to effectively tackle problems they encounter in their daily lives. AR provides the instruments by which organizations may improve their productivity (Stringer, 2007). Due to the popularity of AR in solving organizational problems, several forms of AR have been developed to date (Chiasson, Germonprez and Mathiassen, 2008). ...
Knowledge has been mostly drawn attention as one of the sources of power. Given this characteristic, it is considered as a valuable resource that the majority of individuals naturally prefer to hoard rather than share it. The purpose of this contribution is to investigate the ways that Oil Industries Commissioning and Operation Company, OICO as a case study, has applied gamification, nudge theory and choice architecture approaches to encourage people not to lose the chance of participating in OICO’s knowledge management practices. As a project-based company, OICO has performed canonical action research (CAR) during three years to improve knowledge performance of its employees. Applying a knowledge appraisal and performance system based on the nudge theory and gamification approach, it fostered its knowledge performance %22 annually. This case is one of the first studies applied gamification and nudges management approaches as well as choice architecture concept, in the CAR framework, to foster knowledge sharing among people. This case study would help KMers who seeks to develop a reward system for their knowledge management practices.
... Action research, a tool that allows educators to solve real-world problems to make a difference in their classrooms (Stringer, 1999), was selected as a methodology to enable the teacher and lead researcher the freedom to examine and improve his own teaching practice with a hands-on approach (Ferrance, 2000). Stringer's suggested "look, think, act" cyclical approach to action research was used in which the teacher/researcher engaged in an iterative and cyclical process of data collection; interpretation and analysis; and planning, implementing, and evaluating. ...
... Action research consists of several steps which were all followed in the current study. The first one is the observations (Stringer, 2007). The second step of the action research is interviews. ...
The purpose of this study was to determine how the primary school students spent their time with the parents and how their families spent their time with children and try to give the study group the value of giving importance to family unity through various activities. The study was carried out as an action research. The participants of the research included 26 students, studying in Turkey. Before the action plan was formed, interviews were held with parents and students to determine how the students spend their time with the parents and how their families spent their time with the children. As a result of the analysis, an action plan was formed based on classroom activities and domestic activities. Within the framework of the action plan, case analysis, workshop and family entertainment design were carried out. After the family entertainment, parents’ and students ' opinions about the activities were taken. As a result of the research, it was seen that students spent their time with their families at home non-interactively by watching television mostly. After the activities, the students and parents said that they were pleased with the activity and that the activity allowed them to spend time together.
... › Le chercheur est considéré comme un facilitateur du processus ou une personne-ressource plutôt qu'un expert 1,4 . ...
Beaulieu, M., Côté, M., Allard, A. Loock, J., Diaz, L., D’Amours, M., & Cloutier, J. (2016). Intervention policière auprès des aînés maltraités. Fiche synthèse : Savoirs pratiques et théoriques tirés de la recherche-action IPAM. Chaire de recherche sur la maltraitance envers les personnes aînées et Service de police de la Ville de Montréal. Sherbrooke et Montréal. 6 p.
... Scholars describe action research as an approach to knowledge creation (Bradbury-Huang, 2010;Burns, 2007) that combines action with research, involving collaboration between the researchers and the participants (Thiollent, 2011) that aims to find solutions to real-life problems (Bradbury, 2015). It develops following continuous cycles of improvement (Stringer, 2013) in planning, execution of the activities, collection of data, reflection on these data, and planning improvement for the following cycle (Kolb, 2014;Stringer, 2008). This research was developed through a sequence of action research cycles ( Figure 1). ...
This article presents findings regarding a community-based learning experience that took place from 2014 to 2017, involving 379 undergraduate students from the Federal University of Sao Paolo. The students developed 82 projects on behalf of 20 community partners (NGOs, public institutions, hospitals, libraries and individual families). The research objective is to reveal the experiences and perceptions of the students and community partners who participated in community-based learning centered courses. Qualitative data was analyzed following a qualitative systemic analysis, revealing: a) working in real-life situations motivates students to do their best, however, the difficulties of real-life projects may negatively impact student motivation; b) the need to solve real-life problems encourages students to search for learning opportunities; and c) the many benefits (material, educational, research opportunities, motivational) of academic projects serve to foster the continuity of the partnership.
Keywords: community-based learning, project-based learning, project management, action research, qualitative systemic analysis.
... selon une perspective critique constructiviste(Kemmis, McTaggart, et Nixon, 2014). Selon une variété de méthodes et un processus itératif et flexible propre à la RAP, cette étude était composée de cinq grandes étapes telles que proposées parStringer et Genat (2004), chacune ayant sollicité l'implication active de différents partenaires. Ces étapes étaient : 1) définition du problème, 2) collecte des données, 3) analyse et interprétation des résultats, 4) communication des processus et des résultats, 5) passage à l'action. ...
Pour favoriser la participation sociale des aînés, les ergothérapeutes peuvent offrir des services communautaires tant à l’échelle individuelle que populationnelle. Pourtant, leur pratique courante au soutien à domicile aborde rarement la participation sociale, ce qui illustre l’importance d’accompagner un changement de leur pratique. Cette étude visait à repenser l’ergothérapie en milieu communautaire pour : 1) identifier des pratiques à intégrer pour favoriser la participation sociale des aînés, 2) explorer les facteurs pouvant influencer l’intégration de ces pratiques et 3) identifier les actions à déployer pour intégrer ces pratiques au soutien à domicile. Un partenariat de recherche-action participative en milieu communautaire a impliqué un comité de pilotage formé de 12 partenaires d’un programme local de soutien à domicile à Montréal (Québec). Quatre groupes de discussion focalisée et sept entretiens individuels avec 28 informateurs clés ont été transcrits puis analysés. Les informateurs-clés ont identifié un continuum d’interventions émergentes, incluant des interventions individuelles, des interventions de groupe et des interventions de développement des communautés. L’intégration de ces pratiques est influencée par des facilitateurs tels que le soutien clinique, les partenariats et la communication de même que l’implication des usagers. Toutefois, cette intégration est menacée par l’influence d’obstacles organisationnels et systémiques, incluant la présence d’une culture institutionnelle contradictoire et les indicateurs de performance. Enfin, des leviers d’action ont été identifiés, dont l’implication des citoyens dans la conception de nouveaux indicateurs de performance, la création de partenariats avec le milieu communautaire et le soutien au rôle d’agent de changement des ergothérapeutes pour modifier leur pratique. Cette recherche a permis de coconstruire un continuum d’interventions ergothérapiques émergentes et de réfléchir avec des partenaires clés aux facilitateurs et aux obstacles pouvant influencer l’intégration de ces pratiques. S’appuyant sur un riche partenariat entre la pratique et la recherche, les prochaines étapes de cette recherche participative viseront l’implantation de ces initiatives prometteuses. |
To foster older adults’ social participation, occupational therapists can provide community-based services ranging from individual to population level. However, their current practice in homecare rarely addresses social participation, which illustrates the importance of supporting such change in their practice. This study aimed to remodel community occupational therapy services by: 1) identifying practices to integrate to foster older adults’ social participation, 2) exploring factors that could influence their integration, and 3) identifying actions to leverage to integrate these practices in homecare. A community-based participatory research partnership involved a steering committee with 12 stakeholders from a local community homecare setting in Montréal (Québec). Four focus groups meetings and seven individual interviews with 28 key informants were transcribed and analyzed. Key informants identified a continuum of emerging interventions, including personalised interventions, group-based interventions and community development interventions. The integration of these practices was influenced by enablers, such as clinical support, partnerships and communication as well as user involvement. However, this integration is hindered by organizational and systemic barriers, such as institutional culture and performance indicators. Finally, different levers of action were identified, including involving citizens in developing new performance indicators, creating partnerships with community organizations and supporting occupational therapists’ change agent role to modify their practice. This research led to co-design a continuum of emerging occupational therapy interventions and reflected with key stakeholders on possible factors affecting the integration of these practices. Based on a fruitful research-practice partnership, the next steps of this participatory research will aim at implementing these promising initiatives.
Aim:
District Nurses apply specialized nursing knowledge and assessment skills to provide care in New Zealand communities. This study aimed to identify whether District Nurse's (both Registered and supervised Enrolled Nurse's) had knowledge of, and used the 15-Minute Interview tool, including Ecomaps/Genograms, and if not, what they saw as enablers or barriers to doing so.
Design:
Participatory action research was used, following the phases of look, think and act.
Methods:
Two pre-intervention focus groups occurred, two education sessions which introduced the 15-Minute Interview and four postintervention interviews which explored the use of the tools and their potential use in the future.
Results:
District Nurses demonstrated working with families, and the selection of when and where to apply the 15-Minute Interview.
: Focus Group Discussion atau FGD adalah
diskusi yang dilakukan secara berkelompok. FGD sering
digunakan sebagai salah satu metode pengumpulan data
dalam penelitian kualitatif, baik sosial, humaniora maupun
kesehatan, selain dua metode lainnya yang sudah lebih
dahulu popular yaitu wawancara mendalam dan observasi.
Sebelum melaksanakan FGD sebaiknya memperhatikan dan
mempersiapkan beberapa hal yang bertujuan agar informasi
yang didapatkan dari partisipan atau peserta jelas, lengkap
dan akurat sehingga hasil diskusi sesuai dengan tujuan serta
permasalahan yang diharapkan. Pelaksanaan FGD dapat
berjalan sesuai dengan harapan, maka ada beberapa hal
yang perlu dipertimbangkan yaitu persipaan, pembukaan
dan penutupan. Focus Group Discussion atau FGD adalah
suatu metode diskusi yang dilakukan secara sistematis,
terarah dan bertujuan untuk membahas suatu topik atau
suatu masalah
It is important to study the well-being of patients and their relatives after receiving hospital treatment, as both the healthcare professional and the political attention towards user participation is constantly increasing. In this study, user participation is understood as a way to manage the user's rights, opportunity for choices and human rights through relationships and with their well-being as a common goal. Therefore, the health professionals’ understanding of this must be increased, evidence must increasingly form the basis for the chosen actions and the professional management must support a person-oriented clinical practice.
The research program's theoretical perspective for perioperative nursing is presented in this article, and it is based on answering person-oriented Fundamental of Care questions and as a methodological challenge to have user involvement as a constant activity. This theoretical and methodological choice guides the continued development of the research program. Perioperative nursing is understood from the time the patient meets the nurse at the time of admission until the time of discharge after the elective surgical treatment is completed. To our knowledge no studies regarding the outcome of FoC for the perioperative patient have been conducted.
We address healthcare providers’ actions, starting from when a nurse admits a patient until the day of discharge after treatment is complete, and nursing care related to elective surgical procedures in Norwegian and Danish non-university hospitals. The research program seeks insight into the experiences of current and former patients and relatives as well as the healthcare professionals who perform the treatment in Norwegian and Danish non-university hospitals.
Based on results from this research program, we expect to be able to increase the healthcare professionals’ competencies in Fundamental Care and to increase their openness regarding user involvement, options and human rights for the benefit of surgical patients well-being.
Introduction:
Appropriate evaluation of health services for First Australians demands culturally responsive goal setting tools that can be used by inter-professional teams. The Australian Therapy Outcome Measure for Indigenous Clients (ATOMIC) is a purpose-designed tool for measuring therapy outcomes for First Australians. The aim of this study was to establish the clinical utility of the ATOMIC by investigating its alignment with the practice perspectives of an inter-professional First Australian health service.
Methods:
Using action research cycles, 12 occupational therapists and 8 speech pathologists applied two successive versions of the ATOMIC in practice. Focus group feedback after use of the first version (ATOMICv1) prompted adaptations to the tool (ATOMICv2). Therapists participated in four focus groups, two after using ATOMICv1 and two after using ATOMICv2. Focus group transcripts were analysed inductively using a qualitative description approach.
Results:
Challenges in setting SMART goals early in therapy and defining specific measurement increments in ATOMICv1 led to therapists favouring skill-based goals that were easier to measure rather than broader daily life goals, thereby impacting on occupation- and client-centred practice. ATOMICv2 allowed goal setting at any point in therapy, evaluated goals using visual analogue scales, and gathered evidence for rating goal achievement throughout the therapy process. Therapists found the ATOMICv2 to be a culturally responsive tool that aligned with practice perspectives by foregrounding relationship building, facilitating clinical reasoning, documenting daily life changes, and providing integrated inter-professional care.
Conclusion:
The ATOMIC demonstrated good clinical utility in an inter-professional service for First Australian children. It aligned with a culturally responsive practice perspective and captured goal achievement in daily life contexts. Further research is needed to gain client perspectives across the lifespan and to investigate its application by other health professions.
This inquiry concerns managerial adaptability and strategic planning of a mental health organization attempting to adapt to the marketplace and business disruption of COVID-19. The medical group has seen a noteworthy decreased in revenue of more than three-quarters (80 percent). It is for this reason, that it is imperative for the MHMG to carefully examine the presented issue and immediately strategize ways to address such issue. This analysis intends to review the literature and engage in action organizational development research to provide an understanding of the issue, its severity and spread as well as propose appropriate recommendations that could alleviate the business complexities that have been created by the pandemic.
Objective
There is no greater existential threat to the mental stability of Black males than the entanglement among Black males and law enforcement. The impact of Black males witnessing other Black males murdered by police and broadcasted via social media and television is profound. Until recently, few studies have considered the external threats that impact this subgroup, specifically, law enforcement, and how negative experiences presents significant risks to the overall mental health of Black males.
Methods
The current study uses a qualitative methodology designed to assess the impact of Black males overall experiences with law enforcement, in addition to the residual effect of Black males witnessing other Black males murdered by police.
Results
Participants in the current study reported negative experiences with law enforcement, in addition to extreme, debilitating, psychological distress after witnessing other Black males murdered by police and broadcasted via social media and television.
Conclusion
The findings of this study contribute to the extant literature regarding Black males and the many forms of trauma that are experienced by this marginalized subgroup. Moreover, the rich narratives provided by the participants provide a window into the adversarial relationship between Black males and law enforcement.
Health is a resource for pupils’ learning. Including health in the curriculum and teaching will enable pupils to understand the connection between health and learning. Action research has proved to be effective from a learning perspective. Our purpose was to explore whether, and how, using action-oriented research methods in a middle school-based health promotion project contributed to metacognition about health and learning. The design was an action-oriented research model using reflection forums: a support group; a project group; and two focus groups of pupils and teachers. The latent content analysis resulted in three categories: (1) Professional aspects; (2) Educational aspects; and (3) Structural aspects, with adherent subcategories. The discussion presents a synthesis of findings about metacognition, with Structural factors and processes and Personal factors and processes. In conclusion, this article presents how action-oriented research methods, using reflection forums, can contribute to participants’ metacognition about health and learning.
Objective
This study aimed to develop and evaluate a Toolkit to support implementation of the Towards Organisational Culture Change (TOrCCh) intervention, with minimal external facilitation, in aged care facilities, to implement long‐lasting organisational change.
Methods
Eight residential aged care facilities across two Australian states participated. A Toolkit was drafted iteratively, engaging staff from participating sites and a reference group. Participating facilities undertook two change projects utilising the Toolkit. Qualitative data were collected from site project sponsors, work teams and other care staff, and analysed thematically.
Results
The intervention was perceived to provide a generic approach that could be applied to solve agreed challenges in the workplace generating useful outcomes including staff development, increased communication, teamwork and leadership. The role of a project sponsor, and organisational support, was perceived as important for sustainability.
Conclusion
Aged care facility staff teams report they can work together effectively for sustainable improvements when provided with a Toolkit.
Introduction:
The Student Practice Evaluation Form-Revised Edition (SPEF-R) is used by all Australian universities to assess the capability and performance of occupational therapy students on block practice placements. The occupational therapy landscape in Australia has evolved significantly since the SPEF-R was developed. This study aimed to review the SPEF-R and develop a revised edition, the SPEF-R2.
Methods:
The first cycle of an action research process involved four phases: (a) mapping the SPEF-R to the Australian Occupational Therapy Competency Standards 2018 (AOTCS); (b) development of the SPEF-R2; (c) national consultation through an online survey with clinicians, university staff and students; and (d) reflection and further amendments.
Results:
In phase 1, good alignment was found between the AOTCS 2018 and the SPEF-R. In phase 2, the SPEF-R2 was developed to further enhance alignment, including expanded content related to culturally responsive practice, reflective practice and clinical/professional reasoning, resulting in two items being added to the tool. Further wording adjustments were made to improve clarity, reduce duplication and improve relevance to the contemporary occupational therapy landscape. In phase 3, survey results indicated that the SPEF-R2 was well received overall, with most participants viewing it as an improvement on the SPEF-R. Cultural content and reflective practice additions in particular received positive feedback. Concerns were raised by some participants, including perceived repetition, the length of the tool and time required for completion, and addressed by further amendments in phase 4. Three items were removed or consolidated elsewhere, and three items became core items.
Conclusion:
The Australian occupational therapy community considers the SPEF-R2 to be a timely and much-needed development. Piloting of the SPEF-R2 and final revisions prior to release are planned for subsequent action cycles and amendments will be made to the online platform and associated training resources.
italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Contribution:
In a context where hands-on courses are biased toward specific technologies, a novel creativity-provoking instructional approach for networking undergraduate courses is successfully applied following action research principles and active and creative learning techniques.
Background:
Extensive engineering-oriented networking courses have been proposed with a strong focus on specific protocol solutions. At the same time, the amount and complexity of techniques is notably increasing with the advent of the Future Internet. As a result, the curricula looses focus on the fundamentals of networking algorithms.
Intended Outcomes:
We address algorithmic learning in networking for computer sciences, where students are expected to 1) create; 2) develop; 3) analyze; and 4) compare algorithms and processes regardless of protocol-specific technologies. At least 70% of the students are expected to meet this goal while enhancing their engagement and motivation in a time-constrained course schedule.
Application Design:
To achieve 1) and 2), we instrument an active experimental strategy, while objectives 3) and 4) are tackled with creative learning techniques, both applied in an action research framework. The approach is supported by state-of-the-art networking application interfaces and simulators. Furthermore, a blended and game learning component favors the engagement via comparison and competition of students’ project metrics.
Findings:
The experiment is carried out by professors of the Computer Science Bachelor’s degree taught in FAMAF. Results show that the applied methodology met the intended outcomes, and improved by 7% in a two-year cycle. Furthermore, the approach was very well received based on student’s feedback.
Developmental science research often involves research questions developed by academic teams, which are tested within community or educational settings. In this piece, we outline the importance of research-practice partnerships, which involve both research and practice-based partners collaborating at each stage of the research process. We articulate challenges and benefits of these partnerships for developmental science research, identify relevant research frameworks that may inform these partnerships, and provide an example of an ongoing research-practice partnership.
A revolutionary change has taken place in global financial service landscape due to digitalization of the payment systems. In this era of digitalization, the cashless society can be considered as the most efficient and safest for transactions. New technologies and innovations are everywhere and quickly becoming an integral part of our day today life. As a result, there is an increasing trend among people to shift into cashless transactions. Cashless transaction system is a new and easier way of paying for
goods and services. Accordingly, shifting from cash to digital payment mechanism has now become a global trend and this praise towards cashless modes has led to cashless economies around the world. Cashless economy is a state where most of the transactions are performed through electronic channels and thus the flow of cash becomes trivial. The current global trend shows us increasing use of technology in the payment systems. This study aims to evaluate the level of development of the payment and settlement system in Sri Lanka and to investigate whether the Sri Lankan economy is
heading to a cashless one. The methodology adopted is to compare both cash and non-cash payment transactions over the years using data published by Central Bank of Sri Lanka (CBSL) to comprehend the trend and the changing nature of the payment and settlement system in Sri Lanka. The evidence of the study suggests that cash-based method is still the most preferred method of transaction and it is highly likely to remain so in the future of Sri Lanka. However, study was able to capture the significant growth in non-cash based payment method and in the future it is likely that non-cash transactions take the lead especially due to the emphasis on the associated rapid development in the necessary infrastructure for cash-less transactions in the country. Keyword: Cashless society, Cashless transactions, Payment and settlement system, Digitalization
The purpose of this study is to clarify changes in awareness and behavior of elderly dwellers in solving their regional issues through discussion. In this study, a Health-Promotion Program, arranged to improve social participation of the elderly in the community, was conducted based on Action Research. In the program, the elderly were suggested to reexamine their role in the community. Participatory workshops and other programs were held for the community residents in a suburban district of Sapporo, resulting in voluntary creation of various activities, including such activities as gymnastic-exercise meeting in the morning and volunteer activity of park cleaning, etc. Qualitative description analysis was made of the various data: field notes, transcribed interviews of the core members. The changes in the residents followed eight stages with the passage of time, such as ”obligatory participation and ambivalence (the first stage)”, “consensus on the direction for resolving the issues and the selection of the core members (the fourth stage)”, “organizing the core members and their cooperation with the residents’ association (the eighth stage)”. Consequently, the phased changes showed the behavioral aspects of the elderly who tried to solve voluntarily their regional issues.
Objective
The research project addressed the need to support young adults with issues relating to sexuality and relationships though the development of guidance and standards for practice.
Methods
An action research project underpinned by an interpretivist qualitative framework. Participants were recruited to the project via three hospices in the UK. Data from four focus groups were analysed thematically using a process of constant comparison.
Results
Sixteen young adults with life-limiting or life-threatening conditions aged 21–33 years participated in the study. Three significant themes were identified: sexuality and the transition to adulthood, recognising the significance of sex and relationships, and realising sexual rights.
Conclusion
Sexuality and relationships play an important role in the transition to adulthood for people with life-limiting or life-threatening conditions living in the UK. While young adults with these conditions may have considerable support needs, it is important to balance this with the freedom to exercise choice and to make independent decisions. Sex negativity can have an adverse impact on the experiences of young adults and creates barriers. Improved ongoing access to sex education and the provision of enabling environments that afford privacy and safety are important to support young adults with sexuality and relationships.
Background and purpose:
The aim of this study was to design and evaluate the introduction of a sustainable and feasible structure of placements in general practice for third-year pharmacy students at the University of Sunderland. The national agenda in the United Kingdom (UK) calls for an increased presence of pharmacists within general practice; therefore, development of placements in this is setting is aligned to the development of these new roles.
Educational activity and setting:
The placements were located in general practice surgeries in the North East of England in the UK. Students engaged in activities which introduced them to the structure and function of general practice and familiarise them with the role of pharmacists and other practice staff. Two cohorts undertook the education activity during the development process. The first cohort was comprised of 213 students, with 193 students the following year.
Findings:
An action research approach was taken to evaluate and revise the design of the placement. The final design and delivery have been shown to have a positive impact on student learning experience, be feasible and sustainable. The placement was also successful at introducing students to potential future roles in general practice for pharmacists.
Summary:
This model of general practice placement provision was found to be a feasible and sustainable delivery model, which was well received by undergraduate students.
Background
Computer and video console gaming has been discussed as having great potential in engaging people with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and providing a relatively safe platform for social contact. There is a paucity of research in this domain.
Aim
This paper reports on the evaluation of a site based social gaming programme for young adults with ASD.
Methods
Semi structured interviews were conducted with six participants and eight parents of seven separate participants approximately 12 months from the commencement of the group.
Findings
It was identified that the shared interest in gaming provided a motivating platform on which to base social interaction. Participants identified the benefits of the group as getting them out of the house and being a site where they have had meaningful social contact based on something about which they are confident. Parents identified that they had observed similar benefits. They discussed a wish for closer contact with the service provider and an individualized plan for their family member including a plan for transition to other leisure activity work or study.
Discussion
It became clear that a group and process structure needs to be consciously developed and made explicit to participants and their family/carers to allow realisation of the group aims.
Beaulieu, M., Côté, M., Allard, A. Loock, J., Diaz, L., D’Amours, M., & Cloutier, J. (2016). Integrated Police Response for Abused Seniors. General Overview: Practical and Theoretical Knowledge Learned from the IPRAS Action Research Project. Research Chair on Mistreatment of Older Adults and Service de police de la Ville de Montréal. Sherbrooke and Montréal. 6 p.
Bu kitabın yazımındaki temel amaç, bilimsel araştırma becerilerini öğrenme, geliştirme ve bunları araştırmalarda uygulama süreçlerini incelemektir. “Bilimsel araştırma ile ilgili temel bilgiler, bilimsel araştırma tasarımı, nicel-nitel-karma araştırma yaklaşımları, araştırma önerisi, evren ve örneklem, veri toplama ve analizi, yorumlanması ve araştırma raporu” sunulan konulardan bazılarıdır. Bu kitabı önceki bilimsel araştırma kitaplarından ayıran özellik, daha modern, uluslararası ve eleştirel perspektifte oluşturulmuş olmasıdır. Çünkü, çoğu bilimsel araştırma kitapları dar bakış açısı ile düşünme ve hayal gücüne ket vurmaktadır ve araştırma süreci sıkıcı ve aşırı zor/kolay bir çaba olarak yansıtılmaktadır. Bunların yerine bu kitap, bilimsel araştırma sürecinin amacı ve yapısını incelemek okuyucuların konuları anlaması ve onları uygulamalarına olanak sunmaktadır.
Bu araştırma ile üniversite öğrencilerinin Öklid-dışı geometrilere yönelik algılarının ortaya çıkarılması ve Öklid-dışı geometrilerin
öğretimine yönelik oluşturulan öğrenme ortamının etkililiğinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda iki uzman görüşü
çerçevesinde bir veri toplama aracı geliştirilmiştir. Araştırma verileri Öklid geometrisi, eliptik geometri ve hiperbolik geometri ile ilgili
18 açık uçlu sorudan oluşan veri toplama aracı ve gözlemler yoluyla toplanmıştır. Araştırmanın ilk aşamasında 10 farklı bölümden 37
kadın 29 erkek olmak üzere toplam 66 üniversite son sınıf öğrencisinin Öklid-dışı geometriler hakkındaki bilgileri veri toplama aracı
yoluyla toplanmıştır. Elde edilen veriler analiz edilmiş, üniversite öğrencilerinin genel olarak bu konuda bilgi sahibi olmadıkları veya
yanlış bilgilere sahip oldukları görülmüştür. İlk aşamada üniversite öğrencilerinin sorularla ilgili düşünme biçimleri ve ne tür öğretim
materyallerinin kullanılması gerektiği konusunda bilgi edinilmesi amaçlanmıştır. İkinci aşamada Öklid-dışı geometrilerin öğretimine
yönelik üç haftalık bir program 25’si kadın ve 17’i erkek olmak üzere toplam 42 öğretmen adayına uygulanmıştır. Uygulama sonrasında
test yeniden uygulanmıştır. Daha derin bilgiler edinilmesi amacıyla beş öğretmen adayı ile yarı-yapılandırılmış mülakatlar yapılmıştır.
Elde edilen bulgularda öğretmen adaylarının uygulama öncesinde soruları cevaplayamadıkları veya yanlış cevapladığını, uygulama
sonrasında ise soruları rahatlıkla cevaplayabildikleri görülmüştür. Bu bulgulardan Öklid-dışı geometrilerin öğretimine yönelik oluşturulan
öğrenme ortamının etkili olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular öğretmen adaylarının ön-test son test cevapları, web destekli
çizimlerden alınan anlık görüntüler, somut materyallerin kullanımı ve mülakat kesitleri ile desteklenmiştir. Araştırmadan elde edilen
bulgular doğrultusunda öğretim programlarında Öklid-dışı geometrilere ve öğretimine daha fazla önem verilmesi önerilmiştir.
ABSTRACT
The aim of this study is to investigate the perceptions of university students towards non-Euclidean geometries and to investigate the
effectiveness of the learning environment created for the teaching of non-Euclidean geometries. For this purpose, a data collection tool has
been developed within the framework of two expert opinions. Research data were collected observations and through a data collection
tool consisting of 18 open-ended questions on Euclidean geometry, elliptic geometry, and hyperbolic geometry. In the first phase of the
study, information about the non-Euclidean geometries of university students was collected through data collection tool. The students are
66 senior students in 10 different departments (37 females and 29 males). The data obtained were analyzed and it was seen that university students generally did not have any information about this subject or they had incorrect information. In the first stage, it is aimed to get information about the ways of thinking about the questions of university students and what kind of teaching materials should be used. In the second phase, a three-week program for teaching non-Euclidean geometries was applied to a total of 42 (25 females and 17
males) prospective teachers. After the course, the test was re-applied. In order to obtain deeper information, semi-structured interviews
were conducted with five prospective teachers. In the findings, it was seen that the prospective teachers could not answer the questions
or answer them wrongly before the application and they could answer the questions easily after the application. It was concluded that
the learning environment created for teaching non-Euclidean geometries was effective. The findings were supported by pre-test post-test responses of prospective teachers, snapshots from web-supported drawings, use of concrete materials and interview sections. In the light of the findings obtained from the research, it was suggested to give more importance to the non-Euclidean geometries and teaching in the curriculum.
Objectives: This pilot study explored the feasibility and acceptability of using research as the basis of a therapeutic group intervention for hearing voices/auditory hallucinations.
Methods: Using a Participatory Action Research methodology, seven male current or previous residents of a low secure hospital participated in the study. Participants independently conducted research on ideas that were generated and operationalised by the group, on a weekly basis over a seven-month period.
Participants focused on developing a new ‘easy to complete’ recovery/resilience measure. The group also themselves developed a qualitative interview schedule, and participated in interviews at the conclusion of the intervention period. In addition to the four participants who engaged throughout the intervention period and contributed towards the analysis of transcripts, three other participant’s (two who disengaged on moving to a new area and one who consented to participate but never attended) took part in post-intervention interviews.
Results: The study demonstrated preliminary evidence supporting the utility of a ‘Therapeutic Research Group’ intervention for people who experience distressing voices. In addition to feedback about the positive impact participating in the group had on well-being, participants offered advice on overcoming barriers and increasing the popularity of therapeutic interventions. Participants also developed a new recovery/resilience measure (the M-PART) whose preliminary face validity appears positive.
Discussion: Mental health service users/survivors can independently make important contributions to advancing knowledge and improving services. Further research examining whether ‘the conducting of research’ could form the basis of a therapeutic intervention is warranted. Empirical testing of the M-PART measure is also necessary.
ResearchGate has not been able to resolve any references for this publication.