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Contribuição dos quistos de dinoflagelados para reconstituições paleoambientais e correlação biostratigráfica no Cenomaniano da Nazaré (Portugal).

Authors:

Abstract

The middle Albian-lower Turonian Western Continental Margin of the Iberia stands out in the post-rift record of the Western Iberian Continental Margin by its marine character and abundance in fossils. In this study the stratigraphy and palynology of the basal sequences recorded in Nazaré, one of its main outcrops, are focused with emphasis on the transition between the lower and middle Cenomanian. For this purpose, four marly levels interbedded with limestones with oyster biostroms, have been sampled, with the result of nine samples with diverse palynological contents. From the subsequent laboratorial analysis, we highlight: (1) low diversity of dinocysts (indicative of proximal coastal conditions); (2) dominance of peridinioid dinocysts (indicative of low or variable salinity in proximal conditions and/or nutrient abundance in areas of resurgence or terrestrial influx); (3) large predominance of euryhaline dinocysts (with preference for brackish conditions in transitional environments); (4) sporadic presence of taxa from open marine to oceanic environments; (5) common occurrence of abundant foraminifera test linings (usually associated with shallow environments); (6) dominance of gymnosperm pollen (possible coastal vegetation); (7) low occurrence of bissacate pollen, suggesting proximal depositional conditions, near to the production source; (8) presence of prasinophytic algae (low salinity), including Botryoccocus sp. (local fluvial influences). The paleoenvironmental inferences based on the dinocysts assemblages suggest a transition from proximal (coastal plain) to restricted marine (lagoon) conditions, being in line with previous interpretations of the macrofauna and the articulation of lithofacies. The assemblages reflect the predominance of typical tethyan taxa (Subtilishphaera sp., Florentinia spp., Spiniferites spp., Xenascus ceratioides), associated to warm waters (Oligosphaeridium pulcherrimum, Palaeohystrichophora infusorioides), but also containing proto-Atlantic species such as Trithyrodinium suspectum. In biostratigraphic terms, it is known in the bibliography that, for the Portuguese and European Cenomanian, several dinoflagellate assemblages have been described with different interpretations and correlations. Near Lisbon, was indicated Palaeohystrichophora infusorioides, Xenascus ceratioides and Xiphophoridium alatum for the upper and middle Cenomanian, as well as for Spiniferites ramosus, Florentinia sp., Canningia spp., Epelidosphaeridia spinosa, Oligosphaeridium sp. and Oligosphaeridium pulcherrimum for the upper and middle Cenomanian. It was suggested an Interval Zone with Paleohystrichophora infusorioides for the boreal Cenomanian. In the NW Europe, it was also presented a biozonation with first occurrence of Trithyrodinium suspectum and last occurrence of Gonyaulacysta spp.; it was also identified the predominance of Paleohystrichophora infusorioides and Spiniferites ramosus. In the Cenomanian of Spain, the assemblage Paleohystrichophora. infusorioides, Spiniferites ramosus, Cannigia reticulata, Xenascus ceratoides, Trithyrodinium suspectum and Florentinia mantelli was proposed. Considering this data, the suggested stratigraphic interval for the base of the carbonate platform of Nazaré should be assigned to the middle to upper Cenomanian, a position higher than the relative age based in other biostratigraphic indicators (lower terminal Cenomanian to basal Middle Cenomanian). The common occurrence of Trithyrodinium suspectum in several of the sampled levels may suggest the need for a review of the first occurrence of this taxon for the Upper Cretaceous of the Iberian Peninsula.
205
Vulcânica (2018) Vol. II
ISSN 1646-3269
(XCNG-17765)
CONTRIBUIÇÃO DOS QUISTOS DE DINOFLAGELADOS PARA RECONSTITUIÇÕES PALEOAMBIENTAIS E
CORRELAÇÃO BIOSTRATIGRÁFICA NO CENOMANIANO DA NAZARÉ (PORTUGAL)
Lígia Castro1; Pedro Oliveira2; Zélia Pereira3; Pedro Callapez2,4
1 - Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Departamento de Ciências da Terra, GeoBioTec, Quinta da Torre, 2829-516
Caparica, Portugal;
2 - Universidade de Coimbra, Departamento de Ciências da Terra, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Rua Sílvio Lima, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal;
3 - Laboratório Nacional de Energia e Geologia, Rua da Amieira, 4465-965 São Mamede de Infesta, Portugal;
4 - Centro de Investigação da Terra e do Espaço da Universidade de Coimbra, Observatório Astronómico, Almas de Freire, Santa Clara, 3040-004
Coimbra, Portugal
Palavras-chave: Quistos de dinoflagelados, Biostratigrafia, Paleoambiente, Cenomaniano, Nazaré (Portugal)
No registo pós-rift da Margem Continental Oeste da Ibéria, destaca-se pelo seu caráter marinho e abundância em
fósseis, a Plataforma Carbonatada Ocidental Portuguesa, representativa do intervalo Albiano médio-Turoniano inferior. A
Nazaré constitui um dos principais afloramentos, sendo que, neste estudo se focam a estratigrafia e palinologia das
suas sequências basais, na transição entre Cenomaniano inferior e médio. Para tal, amostraram-se quatro níveis
margosos intercalados com calcários com biostromas de ostreídeos, obtendo-se nove amostras com conteúdos
palinológicos diversificados.
Como resultados salientam-se: (1) baixa diversidade de dinoquistos (indicadora de condições costeiras proximais); (2)
dominância de dinoquistos peridinióides (indicadora de salinidade baixa ou variável em condições proximais e/ou de
abundância de nutrientes, em zonas de ressurgência ou de influxos terrestres); (3) larga predominância de dinoquistos
eurialinos (com preferência por condições salobras em ambientes de transição); (4) presença esporádica de
taxa
de
ambiente marinho aberto a oceânico
;
(5)
ocorrência comum a abundante de forros de microforaminíferos (associada
usualmente a ambiente pouco profundo); (6) dominância de pólenes de gimnospérmicas (possível vegetação costeira);
(7) escassa ocorrência de pólenes bissacados, sugerindo condições de deposição proximais, junto à fonte de
produção; (8) presença de algas prasinófitas (baixa salinidade), incluindo
Botryoccocus
sp. (influências fluviais locais).
As inferências paleoambientais fundamentadas pela associação de dinoquistos sugerem transição de meio proximal
(planície litoral) a marinho restrito (lagunar), concordando com interpretações da macrofauna e a articulação das
litofácies presentes. As associações refletem a predominância de táxones tétianos (
Subtilishphaera
sp.,
Florentinia
spp.,
Spiniferite
s spp.,
Xenascus ceratioides
), associados a águas cálidas (
Oligosphaeridium pulcherrimum
,
Palaeohystrichophora infusiorioides
), contendo também espécies com repartição protoatlântica, como
Trithyrodinium
suspectum
.
Em termos biostratigráficos, verifica-se na bibliografia que, para o Cenomaniano português e europeu, foram descritas
diversas associações de dinoquistos com diferentes interpretações e correlações. Em Lisboa, foi indicada a associação
Paleohystrichophora infusorioides
,
Xenascus ceratioides
e
Xiphophoridium alatum
para o Cenomaniano superior e
médio, como também, para este último intervalo, de
Spiniferites ramosus
,
Florentinia
sp.,
Canningia
spp.,
Epelidosphaeridia spinosa
,
Oligosphaeridium
sp. e
Oligosphaeridium pulcherrimum
. Para o Cenomaniano boreal foi
sugerido uma Zona de Intervalo com
Paleohystrichophora infusorioides
. No NW da Europa, foi apresentada uma
biozonação com primeira ocorrência de
Trithyrodinium suspectum
e última de
Gonyaulacysta
spp.; também foi
identificada predominância de
Paleohystrichophora infusorioides
e
Spiniferites ramosus
. E em Espanha, foi proposta a
associação
Paleohystrichophora infusorioides
,
Spiniferites ramosus
,
Cannigia reticulata
,
Xenascus ceratoides
,
Trithyrodinium suspectum
e
Florentinia mantelli
.
Considerando estes dados, o intervalo sugerido para a base do corpo carbonatado da Nazaré insere-se no
Cenomaniano médio a superior, posicionamento mais alto do que o suportado por outros indicadores biostratigráficos
(Cenomaniano inferior terminal e médio basal). A ocorrência comum de
Trithyrodinium suspectum em
vários dos níveis
206
X Congresso Nacional de Geologia
Vulcânica (2018) Vol. II
Revista Portuguesa de Vulcanologia
amostrados pode sugerir a necessidade de uma revisão da primeira ocorrência deste táxone para o Cretácico Superior
da Península Ibérica.
207
Vulcânica (2018) Vol. II
ISSN 1646-3269
(XCNG-17765)
CONTRIBUTION OF DINOFLAGELLATE CYSTS TO PALEOENVIRONMENTAL RECONSTITUTIONS AND
BIOSTRATIGRAPHIC CORRELATION IN THE CENOMANIAN OF NAZARÉ (PORTUGAL)
Lígia Castro1; Pedro Oliveira2; Zélia Pereira3; Pedro Callapez2,4
1 - Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Departamento de Ciências da Terra, GeoBioTec, Quinta da Torre, 2829-516
Caparica, Portugal;
2 - Universidade de Coimbra, Departamento de Ciências da Terra, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Rua Sílvio Lima, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal;
3 - Laboratório Nacional de Energia e Geologia, Rua da Amieira, 4465-965 São Mamede de Infesta, Portugal;
4 - Centro de Investigação da Terra e do Espaço da Universidade de Coimbra, Observatório Astronómico, Almas de Freire, Santa Clara, 3040-004
Coimbra, Portugal
Keywords: Dinoflagellate cysts, Biostratigraphy, Palaeoenvironment, Cenomanian, Nazaré (Portugal)
The middle Albian-lower Turonian Western Continental Margin of the Iberia stands out in the post-rift record of the
Western Iberian Continental Margin by its marine character and abundance in fossils. In this study the stratigraphy and
palynology of the basal sequences recorded in Nazaré, one of its main outcrops, are focused with emphasis on the
transition between the lower and middle Cenomanian. For this purpose, four marly levels interbedded with limestones
with oyster biostroms, have been sampled, with the result of nine samples with diverse palynological contents.
From the subsequent laboratorial analysis, we highlight: (1) low diversity of dinocysts (indicative of proximal coastal
conditions); (2) dominance of peridinioid dinocysts (indicative of low or variable salinity in proximal conditions and/or
nutrient abundance in areas of resurgence or terrestrial influx); (3) large predominance of euryhaline dinocysts (with
preference for brackish conditions in transitional environments); (4) sporadic presence of
taxa
from open marine to
oceanic environments; (5) common occurrence of abundant foraminifera test linings (usually associated with shallow
environments); (6) dominance of gymnosperm pollen (possible coastal vegetation); (7) low occurrence of bissacate
pollen, suggesting proximal depositional conditions, near to the production source; (8) presence of prasinophytic algae
(low salinity), including
Botryoccocus
sp. (local fluvial influences).
The paleoenvironmental inferences based on the dinocysts assemblages suggest a transition from proximal (coastal
plain) to restricted marine (lagoon) conditions, being in line with previous interpretations of the macrofauna and the
articulation of lithofacies. The assemblages reflect the predominance of typical tethyan
taxa
(
Subtilishphaera
sp.,
Florentinia
spp.,
Spiniferites
spp.,
Xenascus ceratioides
), associated to warm waters (
Oligosphaeridium pulcherrimum
,
Palaeohystrichophora infusorioides
), but also containing proto-Atlantic species such as
Trithyrodinium suspectum
.
In biostratigraphic terms, it is known in the bibliography that, for the Portuguese and European Cenomanian, several
dinoflagellate assemblages have been described with different interpretations and correlations. Near Lisbon, was
indicated
Palaeohystrichophora infusorioides
,
Xenascus ceratioides
and
Xiphophoridium alatum
for the upper and
middle Cenomanian, as well as for
Spiniferites ramosus
,
Florentinia
sp.,
Canningia
spp.,
Epelidosphaeridia spinosa
,
Oligosphaeridium
sp. and
Oligosphaeridium pulcherrimum
for the upper and middle Cenomanian. It was suggested an
Interval Zone with
Paleohystrichophora infusorioides
for the boreal Cenomanian. In the NW Europe, it was also presented
a biozonation with first occurrence of
Trithyrodinium suspectum
and last occurrence of
Gonyaulacysta
spp.; it was also
identified the predominance of
Paleohystrichophora infusorioides
and
Spiniferites ramosus
. In the Cenomanian of Spain,
the assemblage
Paleohystrichophora. infusorioides
,
Spiniferites ramosus
,
Cannigia reticulata
,
Xenascus ceratoides
,
Trithyrodinium suspectum
and
Florentinia mantelli
was proposed.
Considering this data, the suggested stratigraphic interval for the base of the carbonate platform of Nazaré should be
assigned to the middle to upper Cenomanian, a position higher than the relative age based in other biostratigraphic
indicators (lower terminal Cenomanian to basal Middle Cenomanian). The common occurrence of
Trithyrodinium
suspectum
in several of the sampled levels may suggest the need for a review of the first occurrence of this taxon for the
Upper Cretaceous of the Iberian Peninsula.
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