La actividad económica de los/las artistas en España. Estudio y análisis. Edición revisada y ampliada (The economic activity of artists in Spain. Research and analysis. Second revised and extended edition)
Abstract
NOTES TO THE SECOND EDITION.
This book is the result of an interdisciplinary research, and aims to contextualize the professional activity of visual and visual artists in Spain, in the current economic, social and labor circumstances. In the first place, due to the complex issue regarding the consideration of professional artist and in the absence of specific censuses that allow us to study this sector, we delimit the criteria that define it and the relationship between their identity, activity, economic performance, and connection with the rest of the art system. Next, based on national and European economic and labor indicators, we propose a first quantification of Spanish visual and visual artists, a nonexistent fact and highly demanded by the sector. Finally, we list some of the most significant data provided by this research on the current economic situation of the sector, a study in which more than 1,100 Spanish artists have participated. The results reaffirm our hypothesis about the precariousness of artistic work, and the need to know in greater depth the demands, needs and capacities of artists in the current Spanish social, economic and cultural context. In this second revised and extended edition, this book offers new data and a quantification of professional artists in Spain.
Supplementary resource (1)
... Así, nuestra investigación se ha planteado como una forma directa de conocer dicha situación desde el análisis de la figura del artista plástico y visual en el contexto laboral español. Para ello, la investigación realizada sobre la actividad económica de este sector (Pérez Ibáñez y López-Aparicio, 2017) es una fuente primaria fundamental para conocer no sólo la realidad actual de los creadores en nuestro país, sino la evolución que sus relaciones con el resto de agentes del sistema y del mercado del arte han sufrido en los últimos años de resultas de la actual crisis económica, y cómo ésta ha afectado a su situación económica y laboral. ...
This paper rises from the need to contextualize the professional activity of plastic and visual artists in Spain, within the current economic, social and labor circumstances that affect this sector. It is the result of an interdisciplinary research project that in turn tries to respond to the complex problems that arise from it, not only in terms of the professional artist's own consideration, but in the absence of specific censuses that allow accounting and analyzing the circumstances of this labor sector. For this purpose, after a thorough review of the concept of professional artist, the first part defines the place he/she occupies in the labor context of the Spanish art system, and what relationship exists between their professional activity and their economic performance. In the second part, after analyzing the economic and labor indicators existing in our country and in the European Union, we propose a first quantification of Spanish plastic and visual artists at a professional level, a nonexistent data, highly demanded by the sector. Finally, we list some of the most significant data provided by this research on the current economic situation of the sector, whose results reaffirm our hypothesis about the precariousness of artistic work, and the need to know in greater depth the demands, needs and capabilities of artists in the current Spanish social, economic and cultural context.
Abstract. This paper describes the activity of Spanish women artists, based on the results of the research carried out by the authors at a national level with data provided by more than 1,100 artists, first in-depth analysis on the sector of visual artists in Spain, about their professional activity, economic and work circumstances, relationship with the art market, and its historical evolution during the last decades. For the first time in a study of this relevance, the authors have segmented the group of women artists, 52% of the total, analyzing their circumstances and comparing them with data provided by men and with global results, and contextualizing it within the current economic circumstances. Thus, together with general aspects of female creation in Spain and its relationship with the market, we provide unwritten data on the precariousness and inequality in which Spanish women artists live and work.Keywords: artist, woman, art market, precariousness, economic crisis.
This paper describes the activity of Spanish women artists, based on the results of the research carried out by the authors at a national level with data provided by more than 1,100 artists, first in-depth analysis on the sector of visual artists in Spain, about their professional activity, economic and work circumstances, relationship with the art market, and its historical evolution during the last decades. For the first time in a study of this relevance, the authors have segmented the group of women artists, 52% of the total, analyzing their circumstances and comparing them with data provided by men and with global results, and contextualizing it within the current economic circumstances. Thus, together with general aspects of female creation in Spain and its relationship with the market, we provide unwritten data on the precariousness and inequality in which Spanish women artists live and work.Keywords: artist, woman, art market, precariousness, economic crisis.
La situación actual de la investigación artÃstica sigue planteando múltiples conflictos y debates que constatan los desfases de las últimas décadas entre las estrategias de las polÃticas universitarias y la tozuda realidad de la práctica artÃstica e investigadora. Con el fin de reubicar posiciones ante estos conflictos y los retos actuales, se plantea una relectura situada de los debates sobre investigación artÃstica, en el contexto español y desde 1978 (cuando las enseñanzas artÃsticas se incorporaron al sistema universitario español) hasta la actualidad. Se propone la visualización de una lÃnea de tiempo para situar los vÃnculos entre las polÃticas universitarias y algunos debates relevantes, a través de eventos y publicaciones de este periodo. A partir de estos datos, se señalan algunos de los aspectos clave que identifican los conflictos más relevantes y recurrentes en la investigación artÃstica, sobre cuestiones epistemológicas (objeto de investigación, terminologÃa y metodologÃa) y acerca de sus polémicos criterios de evaluación y financiación (vinculados al reconocimiento de los formatos y circuitos de difusión, temporalidades, filiación a instituciones, etc.), asà como otros asuntos que se han considerado secundarios o marginales (como las condiciones laborales de los investigadores, la precariedad del sector artÃstico y de la investigación en humanidades o la privatización y mercantilización del conocimiento y la cultura). Para finalizar se proponen algunas cuestiones a considerar para tomar posición ante los retos actuales, que deberÃan considerar la naturaleza múltiple, cambiante y cuestionadora del saber artÃstico.
JEL E24, J31, J41, Z11 Abstract Keywords: precariousness, labour market, artists, Spain. Our research focuses on the labour conditions of the artistic sector, based on the surveys the Spanish National Institute of Statistics (INE) publishes on a periodical basis, informing about socioeconomic data regarding the type of contracts, economic activity and earned incomes in the general labour market. We analyse the distribution of salaries , the number of working hours and the kind of contracts for the sector of activity of the artists through a series of statistics and use of web microdata forms as defined by the 2014 Wage Structure Poll (EES-14) as a primary unit of analysis. We obtain empirical evidence of an actual precarious artistic life and demonstrate that the values characterising the right to lead a life with dignity are substantially lower in the so-called creative industries than the ones in other professional fields..
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