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Research Methods in Information
... Research conducted in LIS discipline are crucial in shaping existing knowledge and developing new knowledge by identifying knowledge gaps, provide new insights and establish research strategies to address solutions for existing societal challenges. Research knowledge and experience is fundamental in preparing professionals towards addressing work-place challenges and provision of efficient and effective quality information services (Pickard, 2013). Although LIS discipline has been changing globally, there are a number of factors which have been observed to influence and shape its growth and research pattern. ...
... Though a number of ways exist which researchers can use to examine LIS field progression over years, exploring and evaluating topical dispersion is among the methods LIS scholars deploy in understanding changes in LIS education over years. Topic dispersal of research is important in advancing LIS knowledge, identifying new LIS themes, opportunities, put research into practice, growth of the professional and test the application of variety research methods (Pickard, 2013). Although, a number of scholars have researched on LIS topics globally (see Ma & Lund, 2021;Keshavartz & Shekari, 2020;Rochester & Vakkari, 1998;Song, Zhu & Shu, 2021), little research has been done in developing countries like Tanzania to assess thereof and concurrently identifying research methods researchers deploy. ...
... Technology subjects LIS professionals in new trends of informing users on ways to market and use information resources from electronic databases subscribed. Changes in technology have rapidly influenced research and work roles of information professionals (Bawden & Robinson 2012;Pickard, 2013). ...
The study explored research topics dispersal and research strategies of Library and Information Science (LIS) postgraduate students in Tanzania from 2000-2017. Data were collected from the East Africana research repository section of the UDSM Library and the Information Studies Programme (ISP) offices from June to November 2017. A total of 269 LIS dissertations were assessed using content analysis to classify research topics. Findings revealed topics extensively researched were information dissemination, information access and information seeking behaviour. Least researched topics were information privacy and ethics, reading habits and encouragement, copyright and Information policy. History of information science and librarianship, quantitative and qualitative research, multimedia, webometrics, human–computer interaction, systems analysis, digital security, internet crime and information licensing and fair use were not researched. In addition, mixed research approach was mostly preferred by students but experimental and action research were least used. The study contributes in LIS education mapping in Tanzania and likely the first study to show topics selection based on globally accepted LIS classification schemes. The study gives an insight on research topics and research strategies used in higher learning organizations (HLIs) in Tanzania and arguably most developing countries. Findings may improve quality of research offered in LIS schools by supporting LIS postgraduate training and establishing library technology hubs and laboratories to match the world LIS research trend and order.
... Bu tür araştırmalarda hedef; bir fenomeni, süreci veya belirli bir bakış açısını ilgili kişilerin perspektifinden anlamaktır (Ary, Cheser Jaobs, Sorensen Irvine ve Walker, 2019). Bu sayede temel nitel araştırmalar herhangi bir olay veya durumla ilgili kişilerin "çoklu veya bireysel gerçekliklerini" anlamaya yardımcı olur (Pickard, 2012). Dolayısıyla bu desenin, eğitim sistemimizde yeni olan ara tatil uygulamasının ilk okuma yazma öğretimi sürecine etkisini öğretmen görüşlerinden yola çıkarak ortaya koymada uygun olduğu düşünülmektedir. ...
... The basic qualitative research design was used to make sense of a phenomenon or process from the perspective of people who experience it (Ary, Cheser Jaobs, Sorensen Irvine, & Walker, 2019). This design helps researchers understand "multiple or individual realities" about an event or situation (Pickard, 2012). The sample consisted of 24 classroom teachers from elementary schools in the Atakum district of the province of Samsun in the 2019-2020 academic year. ...
Bu çalışmanın amacı, ara tatilin ilk okuma yazma öğrenme sürecine yansımalarını öğretmen görüşleri çerçevesinde ortaya koymaktır. Araştırmada temel nitel araştırma deseni kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu 2019-2020 eğitim-öğretim yılında Samsun ilinin Atakum ilçesine bağlı ilkokullarda görev yapan 24 sınıf öğretmeni oluşturmaktadır. Çalışma grubu maksimum çeşitlilik örneklemesi yoluyla belirlenmiş ve Atakum’daki her ilkokuldan bir sınıf öğretmeni çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Araştırmada veriler, yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu aracılığıyla ve öğretmenlerle yapılan yüz yüze görüşmeler neticesinde elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen veriler içerik analizi yöntemiyle analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmada, öğretmenlerin görüşlerine göre ara tatilin öğrencilere duyuşsal boyutta etki ettiği ve bu durumun öğrencilerin ilk okuma yazma öğrenme süreçlerini etkilediği sonuçlarına ulaşılmıştır. Ayrıca ara tatilin ilk okuma yazma öğrenme sürecine etki etmesinde; okul tipi, ebeveyn desteği, teknolojik imkanlar, okul öncesi eğitim, tatil öncesi işlenen ses grubu sayısı gibi birtakım etmenlerin rol oynadığı sonuçlarına ulaşılmıştır.
... Participants have been selected after meeting the criteria like: i) above 18 years, ii) able to communicate in Bengali language and iii) have experience of farming. Snowball sampling strategy was used where participants recommended other farmers for participation 33 . ...
... An extensive, open-ended, semi-structured interview was held with the Block Development Officer, the Assistant Director of Agriculture and farmers to collect qualitative and quantitative information. Semi-structured interview method was used to maintain consistency among areas while still offering some flexibility 33 . ...
The dissemination of agricultural information process to the farmers of Baruipur, a community development block in West Bengal, India is studied. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to collect qualitative and quantitative data from 129 farmers and two government officials. The study reveals that among the available wide range of information sources and learning forms, farmers primarily value local knowledge as it is mainly experience-driven, practical and can be shared or transmitted informally among the farmers. But, informal local knowledge gradually gets influenced by extraneous factors, constructing an alternative pathway that resist the flow of information from reaching to the grass-root level. Limitation of genuine and accurate agricultural information impeded the empowerment of farmers at the micro level which demands for a superior integration among diverse knowledge systems with informal local knowledge. Here, the study identifies a more practical approach for knowledge integration, aiming to secure local preference, dynamisms and internal cohesiveness among participants from different domain. Further, this paper forwards a participatory approach based informal communication model, facilitating two ways communication for better and effective flow of need based, value added, accurate information towards holistic empowerment of the farmers at the ground level.
... The interviews were set up according to the following steps: preliminary explanation of the research project to the interviewee; and defi nition of the key issues to be covered according the guidelines of the semi-structured interviews (Pickard 2007). Since descriptive information was collected through the interviews, closed-ended questions and questions with answers in the format of the Likert scale were included in the questionnaire. ...
... Since descriptive information was collected through the interviews, closed-ended questions and questions with answers in the format of the Likert scale were included in the questionnaire. Participants could choose among a set of alternative answers or could rank the options proposed (Pickard 2007). Particularly, librarians were asked to indicate the infl uencing issues related to electronic book collection development as well as the electronic book collection evaluation and selection criteria. ...
The Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology (JASIST) has been playing a vital role in the dissemination of scholarly articles in library and information science since 1950. This paper presents the results of a bibliometric study of articles published in the JASIST from 2000 to 2007. It examines the distribution of papers under various headings, including authorship pattern and nature of collaboration, geographic distribution of articles, nature of cited and citing references, prolific authors and highly cited authors. Data were collected using the Web of Science and analyzed using Microsoft Excel. Results indicate that during the sample period the rate of publication was uneven and the most prominent form of publication was articles. The trend of authorship pattern of articles is towards collaboration and authors from 47 countries contributed articles. The country-wise distribution reveals that the highest number of contributions was made by US authors followed by the UK. The number of references cited per article increased from 2000—2007 whereas articles received citations in decreasing numbers during the same period. The results suggest that articles need to have been published for more than 2 years before they receive adequate numbers of citations.
... The methodology for Pickard (2013) is the perspective, the angle that the researcher wants to take on the question posed. ...
This paper aims to answer how does the magazine Rooi Rose and its editorial
philosophy represent the identity of the Afrikaans white woman post-apartheid. This
is answered through a systematic literature review that lays out what criteria needs
to be used to perform an analysis on the covers and editor’s letters of the magazine
over the time period of 2000 till 2022. Considering the magazine has been published
under two publishers this paper will also shed light on how the brand of Rooi Rose
has the reason behind why the magazine has stayed in print since 1942. The
combination of qualitative and quantitative research methods is used across the
primary and secondary data collection methods which does triangulate the research.
This research contributes to the existing knowledge of the identity of the white
Afrikaans woman but also contributes to media studies and the media’s role as
gatekeeper/influencer.
Open Access to cultural heritage, also known as ‘Open Galleries, Libraries, Archives, and Museums’ (Open GLAM), refers to a concept that asks heritage organisations to make, whenever legally possible, their digitised collections available online as open and interoperable data sets. So far, the discourse on Open Access to cultural heritage has primarily focussed on major art galleries. This thesis enriches the research and the discourse on Open Access to cultural heritage by focussing on the perspectives of organisations which understand archiving as a form of activism: Social Movement Archives. I ask: What does and what could Open Access to cultural heritage mean in the context of Social Movement Archives? Through Participatory Action Research (PAR) with the Marx Memorial Library London (MML), seven interviews with Social Movement Archives practitioners and a critical reading of the academic- and grey literature on Open GLAM, I investigate the digitisation and Open Access politics of Social Movement Archives, as crystallised in their missions, digitisation projects and ethical and legal practices. Crucially, I highlight the relevance of Social Movement Archives as sites for questioning and reflecting on institutionalised archival theory and praxis. This thesis offers a critical intervention in Open GLAM through the microcosm of Social Movement Archives. Throughout this thesis I demonstrate a certain, while not complete, incompatibility of Open GLAM with the political mandate of Social Movement Archives and the practical realities they operate in. I argue to move towards a social justice framework for Open Access to cultural heritage. The basis for the framework is an enhanced understanding of the archival principle of provenance, grounded in affective responsibilities towards collections’ stakeholders. Due to the recognition of digital archival collections as means for political action a social justice framework also assesses the positive and negative impact of Open Access in relation to social justice.
İnsan özünü arayan bir varlık olarak –toplumsallığını da koruyarak- ontolojik dünyasını keşfetmektedir. Her insanın düşünme yetisi, tecrübe ettiği dünyanın ontolojisini - ideal dünyanın erekselliğini- anlamlar aracılığıyla özgür kılmaktadır. Toplumun değiştiği zaman/mekân düzleminde, insanların algıları da kendi dışsallığındaki soyut/somut argümanlar tarafından inşa edilmektedir. İdeal olgular, göreceli değerler gerçekliğinde; insan/toplum fenomeni, bilgi/bilinç farkındalığı oluşturmaktadır. İnsan iradesinin özgürlüğünü neden-sonuç ilişkisinde sabitleyen determinist anlayışla, insani algı tarafından oluşturulan –olgusal- gerçeklik arasındaki diyalektik süreç tartışma konusu olmaya devam etmektedir. Evrendeki şeyler, öznenin bilincinde duyumsal/zihinsel olarak yer aldığında, maddesel gerçeklik düşünsel gerçekliğin önüne geçmektedir. Gerçekliğin problemini -özne ve nesne bağlamında- varlığın bilgisiyle eleştirel düşünmek sadece toplumsal bilinç tarafından değil aynı zamanda bireysel bilinç tarafından içselleştirilen algılamayla mümkün olmaktadır. Zihin, göstergenin yapısı içindeki mutlak gerçeğin, öznel olgularda idealara bağlanmasıdır. Kültür unsurları, sahip olunmayan nesneye özgü hakikat denilebilecek şeyin tüm anlamını, dolaylı işleyen çözümlemelerde gizlemektedir. Bu makalede, düşünümsel olarak, Görecilik / Saltçılık fenomenleri İdealizm / Materyalizm gerçekliğinde incelenecektir.
Due to social changes in Spain in recent years, more and more people feel free to express their trans identity in childhood and adolescence. There are very few studies in Spain about their problems in school settings. For this reason, the purpose of this study is to draw on the experience of experts in the field to understand the difficulties and needs faced by trans people in formal educational settings. The Delphi method was used with 72 experts from four different groups: trans activists, activists who are parents with trans children, health professionals and teachers. The results show that the difficulties faced by trans students and their families are many and diverse, although the opinions manifested by trans activists and professionals differ from those of parents and teachers. However, they reached a consensus on the actions that need to be taken to guarantee the educational inclusion of trans students.
In this research the main aim is to identify whether NLP tools can be used to analyze the sentiments of wellbeing diary or not. In this we can find that different NLP tools and techniques have been previously used in healthcare sector and there is no single technique is perfect to analyze the sentiment of the data. In my research, I have used WordCloud and VADER sentiment analysis to analyze the diary data. To understand the analysis techniques, I have analyzed different types of data such as twitter data, etc. I had the opportunity to work on real life data and this is what unique in my research project. After analyzing the different data outcome, I would suggest that to have an idea for the strongest emotion present in the data, VADER Sentiment Analysis would be the effective approaches. To understand the most used word or emotion in a data, WordClould would be more accurate. My findings and analysis will be helpful for future work as it will show the difference in the techniques used and the outcome it provided. There is a great scope of NLP tools and techniques in medical sector and we can explore different techniques on a dataset to understand which one is the most accurate one based on the requirements.
In order to approach the research questions a suitable method has to be applied. First of all it must be decided whether to follow a qualitative or quantitative research design. Therefore, the first explanations are dedicated to the clarification of the differences between those two types of research design and to the reason why a qualitative approach is used.
The aim of this study was to investigate the Usability of Digital Institutional Repositories (DIRs) by faculty and postgraduate (PG) students at the Namibia University of Science and Technology (NUST). The study addressed the major research question: what systems usability factors influence the depositing and use of scholarly content in the DIR?. Specifically the study addressed the following research questions:1) What are the attitudes and perceptions of PG students and faculty towards DIRs?, 2) To what extent are PG students and faculty at NUST: a) archiving their research output in the DIR, b) using content in the DIR?, 3) What is the perceived usefulness of DIR by PG students and faculty?, 4) What is the level of satisfaction of PG students and faculty with DIR? 5), What an extent of system usability of the DIR by PG students and faculty?
The Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) model was used to underpin this study because of its strength and parsimoniousness. A post-positivist approach was used, with a predominantly quantitative and lesser qualitative approach, respectively. Interviews, questionnaire, document review and system observation and expert’s evaluation methods were used for data collection. The study population comprised faculty, PG students, Librarians and a system developer. Quantitative data was analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), while qualitative data was analysed using content analysis. Reliability and validity were achieved through methodological triangulation, pretesting the questionnaires, and careful transcription of the data. The findings revealed lack of the awareness about DIR among PG students and faculty. The findings further revealed weak institutional repository policy which does not clearly stipulate processes and standards on the submission of scholarly works to the repository. Moreover, there seemed to be misconception on the part of faculty and PG students about DIR and open access.
Usability of Digital Institutional repositories and timely access to information through DIRs is a critically important topic, globally, and in Africa, where achieving informed and knowledge society is a prime goal. The provision of such access is predicated on well-designed DIR platforms and effective disseminated information through these systems.
This study investigated systems usability factors influencing the depositing and use of scholarly content in the DIRs by faculty and postgraduate students at the Namibia University of Science and Technology respectively. Although Namibia university of technology has established the digital institutional repository, there has not been a study carried out to investigate and evaluate the use and the usability of the system, to mitigate and adapt to latest technology trends and variability and improve the DIR functionality. This study therefore was conducted to monitor and evaluate the use of new knowledge in adapting to climate change and variability and improving agricultural production.
The originality of the study lies in two contexts. First, this study is unique in Namibia, due to the fact that, despite investment on projects in development of new technology and innovation which aims to ensure the long term preservation of scholarly communication and open access in academic libraries, no research has been done in the area to monitor and evaluate the use of content and the usability of these systems.
Secondly, the literature reviewed could not identify a related study which had been conducted in Namibia to assess the contribution of information dissemination to enhance adoption of innovations technology such as DIRs. Despite several studies being conducted notably in no study could be found which has explored usability of the Institutional Repositories since the establishment and exploring how information is being disseminated and accessed. This study is therefore expected to build on existing knowledge gaps in existing empirical and theoretical evidence on how digital repositories can be designed to enhance usefulness, effectiveness and ease of use of the system to improve information dissemination in Namibia. The outcome of the study is expected to provide evidence based data upon which relevant academic library institutional repositories policies can be formulated. The study also provides data that would inform budget allocation for ICT infrastructure development for libraries, human resource development and staffing academic public libraries in Namibia. Using the TAM model, the study contributes to literature on the factors that influence the self-archiving and use of information systems such as DIRs in academic libraries from a developing country context. This study also intends to fill the gap in literature especially in regard to self-archiving policies and training required to fulfil the DIRs usability
Hawkridge, D., Ng, K., & Verjans, S. (Eds.) (2011). Thriving in a colder and more challenging climate. The 18th annual conference of
the Association for Learning Technology (ALT-C 2011). September, 6-8, 2011,
University of Leeds, England, UK. URI:http://repository.alt.ac.uk/2159
ResearchGate has not been able to resolve any references for this publication.