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How Measuring Financial Performance

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Didin Fatihudin at University of Muhammadiyah Surabaya Indonesia
Didin Fatihudin
  • University of Muhammadiyah Surabaya Indonesia
Mochamad Mochklas at University of Muhammadiyah Surabaya, Indonesia
Mochamad Mochklas
  • University of Muhammadiyah Surabaya, Indonesia
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Abstract

Financial performance is the achievement of the company's financial performance for a certain period covering the collection and allocation of finance measured by capital adequacy, liquidity, solvency, efficiency, leverage and profitability. Financial performance, the company's ability to manage and control its own resources. Cash flow, balance sheet, profit-loss, capital change can be the basis of information for corporate managers to make decisions. It is important to understand fundamental analysis and technical analysis, it is necessary to learn finance to understand the company's financial behavior through economics, financial management and accounting.
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http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp 553 editor@iaeme.com
International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET)
Volume 9, Issue 6, June 2018, pp. 553–557, Article ID: IJCIET_09_06_063
Available online at http://www.iaeme.com/ijciet/issues.asp?JType=IJCIET&VType=9&IType=6
ISSN Print: 0976-6308 and ISSN Online: 0976-6316
© IAEME Publication Scopus Indexed
HOW MEASURING FINANCIAL
PERFORMANCE
Didin Fatihudin
Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Muhammadiyah Surabaya, Indonesia
Jusni
Faculty of Economics and Business, Hasanuddin University of Makassar, Indonesia
Mochamad Mochklas
Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Muhammadiyah Surabaya, Indonesia
ABSTRACT
Financial performance is the achievement of the company's financial performance
for a certain period covering the collection and allocation of finance measured by
capital adequacy, liquidity, solvency, efficiency, leverage and profitability. Financial
performance, the company's ability to manage and control its own resources. Cash
flow, balance sheet, profit-loss, capital change can be the basis of information for
corporate managers to make decisions. It is important to understand fundamental
analysis and technical analysis, it is necessary to learn finance to understand the
company's financial behavior through economics, financial management and
accounting.
Key words: Financial Performance, Financial Report, Financial Study.
Cite this Article: Didin Fatihudin, Jusni and Mochamad Mochklas, How Measuring
Financial Performance, International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology,
9(6), 2018, pp. 553–557.
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/issues.asp?JType=IJCIET&VType=9&IType=6
1. INTRODUCTION
Complete planning that identifies the organization's long-term ways of using existing
resources within the organization will make the organization or company more competitive
(Mochklas & Teguh, 2018).
Business activities are generally divided into three; (a) manufacturing, (b) trading, (c).
Manufacturers talk about the cost of production, raw materials, cost of goods sold and profit
margins. Speech trade in purchases of goods/services, distribution channels, and retail. And
Services talk service fees, speed, convenience, security and service benefits. All business
activities must be profitable (Horne & Wachowicz, 2001).
How Measuring Financial Performance
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp 554 editor@iaeme.com
Financial ratios must be healthy. One healthy size-not a company is to look at financial
performance. How big the company is able to create profit, the ability to pay the debt, control
the debts, capital turnover, etc. Therefore, the financial statements that are subject to the
study. In fact the scale of the company is different, there are small, medium, and large.
Starting from individual businesses, families, joint ventures, corporations to conglomerates.
If the business scale is different, then the measurement of financial performance is also
different, cannot be equated. Theories with practice in the field are sometimes different.
Indeed, the theory is an ideal size, but sometimes empirical readings are not the same as the
theory desires. At least this empirical can approach that should be according to the will of the
theory.
The study of actual financial performance is to understand the ideal criteria provided with
input data from the empirical reality of the firm. This article tries to examine what is meant by
Financial performance, financial report, fundamental analysis, technical analysis, and science
what if want to learn finance.
2. THEORITICAL REVIEW
Financial performance is the company's financial condition over a certain period that includes
the collection and use of funds measured by several indicators of capital adequacy ratio,
liquidity, leverage, solvency, and profitability. Financial performance is the company's ability
to manage and control its resources (IAI, 2016).
The financial statements are financial records covering cash flows, balance sheets, profit-
loss and capital changes that become information for corporate managers in taking the
company's financial policy. The financial statements are the financial condition of a company
comprising the balance sheet of profit/loss calculation, and other financial information, such
as cash flows and retained earnings (Didin, 2017).
Fundamental analysis is an analysis based on the company's financial statements,
prospectus and other company's financial profile. Technical analysis is an analysis based on
market statistical data recorded by a body that describes the increase and decrease in demand
and supply. Learning finance is an attempt to understand about financial management,
financial reporting and financial decisions (Brealey & Myers, 1991).
3. METHOD OF STUDY
The method used in this article is literature review. The scope of study is about studying
finance from company's financial performance report. Healthy or not a company will be seen
from the financial performance. The company is a surplus or a deficit. Financial learning is
necessary to analyze financial performance and financial statements.
4. DISCUSSION
Financial Performance Financial performance is a measure of how much a company's ability
to create profit, profit or revenue. How to measure the company's financial performance in
creating profits, especially companies in the financial industry such as Banking. This can be
viewed from the financial statements. The financial statements consist of; (a) Balance Sheet,
(b) Income, (c) Cash flow, (d) Changes in capital.
These financial statements are usually prepared and reported in annual, semester or
trimester periods. It depends on his needs. Sometimes financial statements can be made
different versions depending on their interests. There are financial reports for
Didin Fatihudin, Jusni and Mochamad Mochklas
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp 555 editor@iaeme.com
directors/commissioners. There are financial reports for tax payments. There are financial
statements for the general meeting of shareholders. There are financial statements to obtain
credit loans Banking. Healthy-not a company's finances can be analyzed from the four things
above.
Can Financial Performance Financial performance is a measure of how much a company's
ability to create profit, profit or revenue. How do I measure the company's financial
performance in creating profit ?, especially companies in the financial industry such as
Banking. This can be viewed from the financial statements. The financial statements consist
of; (a) Balance Sheet, (b) Income, (c) Cash flow, (d) Changes in capital.
These financial statements are usually prepared and reported in annual, semester or
trimester periods. It depends on his needs. Sometimes financial statements can be made
different versions depending on their interests. There are financial reports for
Directors/commissioners. There are financial reports for tax payments. There are financial
statements for the general meeting of shareholders. There are financial statements to obtain
credit loans Banking.
Healthy-not a company's finances can be analyzed from the four things above. Can be said
healthy financial, if profit surplus company. This is indicated by the ratio of operational costs
to operating income. Operating income is greater than the operational cost equals surplus. If
the opposite happens it is deficit, loss, bankruptcy, inefficiency. Operational costs are greater
than operating income.
There are several ratios to measure the company's financial performance, among others;
liquidity ratio, profitability ratio, solvency ratio, efficiency ratio, leverage ratio. For example
from profitability ratio there is ROI (Return on Investment), ROE (Return on Equity), ROA
(Return on Assets), EBIT (Earning Before Interest and Tax) profit. Liquidity Ratio consists
of; fast ratio, current ratio, cash ratio, net working capital ratio to total assets, DER (Debt to
Equity Ratio). To know in detail these ratios can be learned in the subject matter of financial
management in the faculty of economics.
Fundamental and Technical Analysis Fundamental analysis and technical analysis is an
analysis used by investors when making a decision to buy or sell investment
instruments/portfolios in the stock market (Schall & Halay, 1991). When to buy and when to
sell stocks, bonds or mutual funds. What is the difference between them? Fundamental
analysis is an analysis based on the company's financial statements. While technical analysis
is based on the image/graph statistics. Both have advantages and disadvantages, but both are
equally important when choosing an investment instrument/portfolio. But in practice most
investors use technical analysis, because more practical, just see the graphics only. If the fund
seems to be more meticulous, especially for investors who can not understand the financial
statements.
Learning Finance; the study of finance, you can enter the faculty of economics or high
school economics, which consists of three major science courses; Economics, Management
and Accounting. Thanks to the progress of science, research, information technology and
communication, each of these clusters of science has subsub branches of science in more
detail. Especially in finance, banking and accounting.
Economics; the study of how to cultivate limited money to meet unlimited needs with
limited money (Pas & Lowes, 1997). Science that learns about how to choose. Economics is
learning about money, banking, capital, and wealth. Economics is about activities in
production, trade and consumption. Learn about economic growth, economic development,
How Measuring Financial Performance
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp 556 editor@iaeme.com
economic structure. The interest of economics studies is grouped into two; macroeconomics
and microeconomics. Macroeconomics studies about economic growth, economic
development, inflation, labor, unemployment, poverty, fiscal policy, monetary policy. While
microeconomics learn about production theory, production cost, market structure. Specialized
financial emphasis can be deepened for example money supply in macroeconomics and
monetary economics. Taxation and fiscal. Monopoly market, oligopoly and perfect
competition.
Management: How to work with others in the same container to achieve common goals.
Planning, budgeting, implementing, monitoring and evaluating. His study interests include;
production/operations management, financial/banking management, human resources
management, marketing management and consumer behavior, research and development
management.
Accounting: Recording, writing, sorting, selecting all financial transactions that have
occurred to be reported to interested parties. Such parties are like; shareholders,
commissioners, directors, banks, tax authorities and the public to serve as a basis for financial
managers' decisions in the future. Interest in the study of accounting, including; Financial
accounting, cost accounting, auditing, budgeting, taxation accounting, management
accounting, public sector accounting, sharia accounting, banking accounting.
5. CONCLUSIONS
Financial performance is the financial achievement of the company, it is important to
understand the managers of the company. The ratio of liquidity, solvency, profitability
efficiency, leverage can be used as a benchmark of financial performance. The data can be
extracted from the financial statements; cash flow, balance sheet, profit-loss and capital
change. Also fundamental and technical analysis. To understand finance can learn to
understand economics, financial management and accounting.
REFERENCES
[1] Brealey, Richard C. & Stewart C. Myers. (1991). Principles of Corporate Finance. 4th ed.
McGraw Hill-Inc.
[2] Fatihudin. D. (2018). Merencanakan Keuangan untuk Investasi. UMSurabaya Publishing.
Surabaya
[3] Horne, James C. Van & John M. Wachowicz, JR. (2001). Fundamental of Financial
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Performance of Punjab National Ban k (PNB) and Nedungadi Bank, International Journal
of Mechanical Engineering and Technology 8(11), 2017, pp. 1043–1062.
Didin Fatihudin, Jusni and Mochamad Mochklas
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp 557 editor@iaeme.com
[8] Dr. Veena K.P and Prof. S.N. Patti, Financial Performance Analysis of Pre and Post
Merger in Banking Sector: A Study with Reference To ICICI Bank Ltd. International
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Ismail Sait, Dr. Srinivasan and Dr. Rengamani, International Journal of Mechanical
Engineering and Technology , 8(7), 2017, pp. 969– 975, 8(7)
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Accoun ting of Post Merger Financial Performance of Punjab National Ban k (PNB) and Nedungadi Bank
  • Jan 2017
  • 1043-1062
Dr. Azeem Ahmad khan and Dr Sarfaraz Javed, Accoun ting of Post Merger Financial Performance of Punjab National Ban k (PNB) and Nedungadi Bank, International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology 8(11), 2017, pp. 1043-1062.
Financial Performance Analysis of Pre and Post Merger in Banking Sector: A Study with Reference To ICICI Bank Ltd
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Dr. Veena K.P and Prof. S.N. Patti, Financial Performance Analysis of Pre and Post Merger in Banking Sector: A Study with Reference To ICICI Bank Ltd. International Journal of Management, 7(7), 2016, pp. 240-249.
A Study on Financial Performance of Amana Bank
  • Jan 2017
  • 969-975
A Study on Financial Performance of Amana Bank, Dr. S. Poongavanam, Dr. Mohammed Ismail Sait, Dr. Srinivasan and Dr. Rengamani, International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology, 8(7), 2017, pp. 969-975, 8(7)