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Diversification, Diffusion, Contact : Modélisation géolinguistique et complexité
Complexity theory is a major interdisciplinary paradigm which provides a unified framework for natural and social sciences. At an operative level, it is based on a combined application of quantitative and qualitative methods at various phases of research, from observations to modeling and simulation, to improve the interpretation of complex phenomena (Anderson in Science 177:393–396 1972; Ross and Arkin in Proc Natl Acad Sci 106:6433–6434 2009). Among the many applications, ranging from physics to biology and the social sciences, the study of language through the methods of complexity theory has become an attractive and promising field of research. In this contribution we consider the complex and interesting case of the Mazatec dialects, an endangered Otomanguean language spoken in south-east Mexico by about 220,000 speakers (SSDSH 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016; Gudschinsky 1955, 1958).
This book presents the proceedings from ECONOPHYS-2015, an international workshop held in New Delhi, India, on the interrelated fields of “econophysics” and “sociophysics”, which have emerged from the application of statistical physics to economics and sociology. Leading researchers from varied communities, including economists, sociologists, financial analysts, mathematicians, physicists, statisticians, and others, report on their recent work, discuss topical issues, and review the relevant contemporary literature.
A society can be described as a group of people who inhabit the same geographical or social territory and are mutually involved through their shared participation in different aspects of life. It is possible to observe and characterize average behaviors of members of a society, an example being voting behavior. Moreover, the dynamic nature of interaction within any economic sector comprising numerous cooperatively interacting agents has many features in common with the interacting systems of statistical physics. It is on these bases that interest has grown in the application within sociology and economics of the tools of statistical mechanics. This book will be of value for all with an interest in this flourishing field.
(Socio) linguistic Ecology: Progression, Development and Variation
Language Ecology and ecolinguistics resort to a wide emerging paradigm in sociolinguistics, flowing for Einar Haugen’s seminal papers in the seventies. The former deals with language in its social environment, while the latter is concerned with how language is used for ecological purposes, from the standpoint of discourse studies (e.g. gender issues). This paper provides a survey of the social environmental issues, especially from the perspective of Complexity Theory and/or Complex Systems – literally, instead of metaphorically. Several models for language ecology are highlighted, to eventually tackle the concept of vitality, opposing top-down to bottom-up models of languages in contact or in conflict.
In the framework of complexity theory, which provides a unified framework for natural and social sciences, we study the complex and interesting problem of the internal structure, similarities, and differences between the Mazatec dialects, an endangered Otomanguean language spoken in south-east Mexico. The analysis is based on some databases which are used to compute linguistic distances between the dialects. The results are interpreted in the light of linguistics as well as statistical considerations and used to infer the history of the development of the observed pattern of diversity.
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