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Effective hands-on treatment of a corneal dermoid in a calf

Authors:
Kaoru Hatate at United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Gifu University
Kaoru Hatate
  • United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Gifu University
J SASAKI
J SASAKI
J SASAKI
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Masaaki Katayama at Iwate University
Masaaki Katayama
S SEKIGUCHI
S SEKIGUCHI
S SEKIGUCHI
  • This person is not on ResearchGate, or hasn't claimed this research yet.
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In the present report, an effective hands-on treatment for a corneal dermoid that extended to the third eyelid, in the left eye of a Japanese Black calf is described. Xylazine sedation and local infiltration anesthesia with 2% lidocaine on the upper and lower eyelids as well as the third eyelid, in combination with topical anesthesia was performed. A Weitlaner retractor allowed immobilizing the patient’s eyeball during surgery, and superficial lamellar keratectomy was performed to surgically excise the mass. A temporary tarsorrhaphy was placed in order to allow the surgical corneal wound to heal as well as to treat keratitis. After an uneventful postoperative recovery, complete cure 70 days post-operatively was achived. This hands-on method represents a practical and effective treatment for ocular dermoids in calves.
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... During embryonic development Choristoma and hamartoma may develop afterward from same abnormal event and these two terms differentiate by lesions location (Balland et al., 2015) [3] . Ocular dermoid are histopathologically characterised by presence of keratinised squamous epithelium with deposition of melanin and kerato-hyaline granules and also by presence of hair follicles, sebaceous and sweat glands associated with lymphocytic infiltration in dermal layer of tissue section (Hatate et al., 2018) [7] . As ocular dermoids are skin or skin like appendages and made up of different skin layers, to know the elements and their structures which are included in ocular dermoids histopathological studies were done hence present study undertaken on Indian cattle to study histopathology of surgically excised ocular dermoid sample. ...
... During embryonic development Choristoma and hamartoma may develop afterward from same abnormal event and these two terms differentiate by lesions location (Balland et al., 2015) [3] . Ocular dermoid are histopathologically characterised by presence of keratinised squamous epithelium with deposition of melanin and kerato-hyaline granules and also by presence of hair follicles, sebaceous and sweat glands associated with lymphocytic infiltration in dermal layer of tissue section (Hatate et al., 2018) [7] . As ocular dermoids are skin or skin like appendages and made up of different skin layers, to know the elements and their structures which are included in ocular dermoids histopathological studies were done hence present study undertaken on Indian cattle to study histopathology of surgically excised ocular dermoid sample. ...
... 6 of sclera cornea-conjunctiva dermoid presence of melanin pigments along with dermoid cyst lined with stratified squamous epithelium was observed. This was in accordance with findings of Erdikmen et al. (2013) [5] and Hatate et al. (2018) [7] . Hatate et al. (2018) [7] found hair follicles and the sebaceous and sweat glands associated with lymphocytic infiltration in dermal layer. ...
Histopathological study of choristoma and hamartoma in Indian cattle breed
Article
Full-text available
  • Jan 2022
The present study was conducted on 15 clinical cases of ocular dermoids in Indian cattle breeds, sheltered at Shree Panna Lal Gaushala, Mandore, Jodhpur, Rajasthan and also among those cattle which were presented at veterinary clinical complex (VCC), Department of veterinary surgery and radiology, CVAS, Bikaner, Rajasthan from August 2019 to December 2019. Upon gross and ophthalmic examination 18 different ocular dermoid cases were diagnosed and classified accordingly. All excised tissues were submitted to histopathological studies. The excised biopsy tissues were fixed in 10% formalin immediately after excision. The sections were stained by haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and examined under light microscope (100x) to study the histopathological features.
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... The blepharospasm and epiphora observed in this case were due to constant irritation caused by hairs in the eyes. The clinical presentation, gross appearance, and histological findings in our report were similar to the previously recorded cases of corneal dermoid in cat [9], calves [10,11] and colt [2]. However, dermoid can be sparse to multiple locations on the same eye [9], as in the cases of corneo-conjuctival dermoid previously found in cattle [3,12]. ...
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A three years retrospective study on the nature and cause of ocular dermoids in cross-bred calves
Article
Full-text available
  • Apr 2012
Nature and cause of ocular dermoids were investigated by field studies, pedigree analysis, clinical examination and light microscopy. It was determined that ocular dermoids in cross-bred calves are genetically-transmitted defects. Calves typically were affected unilaterally or bilaterally with multiple, connected ocular growths that clinically and histologically mimicked normal haired skin. Sites most commonly involved included ventro-lateral limbus, third eyelid, medial canthus, eyelid and conjunctiva. Centro-corneal and anterior segmental dermoids were also observed. It is postulated from this study that bilateral ocular dermoids are genetically-transmitted defects in Hereford cattle. Characteristics of both autosomal recessive and polygenic inheritance were observed. However, mode of inheritance and role of environment in the pathogenesis of these peculiar and important developmental defects remain undefined. Extensive breeding trials utilizing superovulation, embryo transfer, and pre-terminal caesarean section as well as further field studies might be mandatory to confirm sex incidence, significance of associated somatic defects, role of environment in phenotypic expression, and mode of transmission of ocular dermoids in cross-bred calves.
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Surgical management of islands of ocular dermoids in a holstein friesian cross bred calf – a case study
Article
Full-text available
  • Jan 2015
A one month old Holstein Friesian cross bred calf was presented with history of epiphora, blepharospasm, keratoconjunctivitis in its right eye. Anamnesis, clinical and histopathological examinations revealed presence of islands of dermoids in corneoscleral limbus, conjunctiva and eyelid margins. Obligation of proper surgical techniques and maintenance of adequate postoperative measures rewarded with uneventful recovery. Jena et al. 2015/J. Livestock Sci. 6:1-3 2
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Surgical Treatment of Corneal Large Dermoid in a Simmental Calf
Article
Full-text available
  • Jan 2012
Background: Ocular dermoid is a skin or skin-like appendage usually arising on the limbus, conjunctivae, and cornea. It can be unilateral or bilateral and may be associated with other ocular manifestation or with other malformations. Hair from the lesions is predominantly responsible for the associated irritation resulting in chronic inflammation of the conjunctivae and cornea and may cause visual impairment. Ocular dermoids are rare in cattle, with the prevalence estimated between 0.002% and 0. 4%. Case: A one-day-old Simmental calf presented for bilateral haired masses on the eyes and tumor-like growth since birth. The calf was admitted to the University of Adnan Menderes, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine 1 days after initial examination. The calf weighed 35 kg, was in good bodily condition and no further abnormalities were detected on physical examination, complete blood count and serum chemistries. General anesthesia was induced and maintained with an intravenous detomidine-ketamine-midazolam combination. The corneal dermoids extended slightly beyond the inferonasal limbus and then merged with a second mass of lightly haired tissue within the inferonasal bulbar conjunctiva of both eyes. The dermoids were excised by superficial lamellar keratectomy that was extended into the inferonasal conjunctiva. The nasal masses were excised by electrocautery. All excised tissue was submitted for histopathology. Histopathology of the excised tissue confirmed bilateral corneoconjunctival dermoids with bilateral nasal hyperplastic tissue. Topical 1% atropine sulfate ointment was applied twice daily to both eyes for 5 days and bacitracin-neomycin-polymixin ophthalmic ointment applied twice daily to both eyes for 2 weeks postoperatively. Ocular and nasal healing was uneventful, with prominent corneoconjunctival granulation tissue 6 days postoperatively, which largely resolved by the 6-week follow-up examination. Bilateral large dermoids with nasal hyperplastic tissue have not been documented previously in Simmental cattle in Turkey. Discussion: The precise developmental mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of ocular dermoids are not known. Metaplasia of mesenchyme (of primarily neural crest origin), resulting in abnormal differentiation of the surface ectoderm, is considered the most likely mechanism. Ocular dermoids may be associated with other congenital ocular or multiorgan abnormalities. The medial and lateral nasal processes, optic vesicle and first and second branchial arches are in close relationship on the lateral side of the embryonic head and might all be adversely influenced by the same stimulus. Ectopic lacrimal tissue may appear in combination with an ocular dermoid as in this case report and previously reported in cattle, or alone as an epibulbar choristoma. The ectopic lacrimal tissue in this calf may have represented misplacement of the nictitans gland or additional lacrimal tissue development. Superficial keratectomy is required to surgically excise a corneal dermoid although the depth of the dermoid within the cornea cannot be ascertained by ophthalmic examination until surgery is undertaken. In the case of large corneal dermoids, surgical excision should be performed early in the life of the patient to achieve optical improvement and allow functional development of the eye.
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Ocular dermoid in dairy cattle - 12 Years survey
Article
  • Feb 2002
  • REV MED VET-TOULOUSE
Four different forms of ocular dermoid in dairy cattle herds are reported. The incidence is estimated by 0.002%. This congenital anomaly seems not to be inherited, but it may appear with other congenital eye defects or with other malformations.
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Congenital malformations in ruminants and its surgical management
Article
  • Jan 2010
A survey was undertaken to analyse the congenital malformation in ruminants reported to the Large Animal Surgery Out Patient Unit of Madras Veterinary College Teaching Hospital from April 2005 to March 2009. A total of 26 cases of congenital malformation (including atresia ani -10, dermoid cyst - 8, contracted tendon - 7 and urethral diverticulum - 1) were reviewed in this study. Incidence of atresia ani was more in male calves, dermoid cyst and contracted tendon were more common in females. Animal with congenital malformation, surgical correction could be attempted, but breeding of these animals should be avoided.
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