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The Effect of Journalistic Co-Orientation on Press Coverage: A Time Series Analysis
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Journalistic co-orientation is defined as journalists’ use of other media with the function of ensuring legitimate news decisions or enhancing journalistic prestige, as well as promoting economic success under conditions of uncertainty. Among the different forms of co-orientation, the effect of the routine use of quality media as a source of orientation in news selections is analyzed. Data from a content analysis was used, covering the period of one year. In a time series analysis based on both linear models and neural networks, the news value conferred to a political issue by one of the two national German newspapers included in the study was shown to have an effect on the intensity of coverage by one of the two regional newspapers under consideration. There is a similar tendency for the evaluation of the issue. In particular, a non-linear component can be found in the relationship between the different newspapers' coverage.
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... Instead, prioritizing up-to-date news leads to the repetition of similar, frequently existing information. Similar phenomena are known in journalism as "journalistic coorientation" or "pack journalism" (e.g., Krämer, Naab, and Daschmann 2008). Third, Google News mainly provides results from a few large media sources, indicating a popularity bias (e.g., Haim, Graefe, and Brosius 2018). ...
Do journalistic relevance criteria still matter in digital news environments where news is selected and aggregated by algorithms? This article investigates how news factors (e.g., conflict, power elite) influence users’ news attention and selective exposure on the news aggregator website Google News. Alongside direct effects, the study also examines indirect effects of news factors on users’ news selection processes via media cues of news items on the news aggregator website (e.g., picture, position, and recency). The study relies on the news value theory and analyzes observations of users’ news attention and selective exposure on Google News via eye tracking (N = 47 participants, N = 751 news items). We conducted a content analysis on all news items on Google News that users paid attention to. The results show that news factors do not have direct effects on news attention and selective exposure, but rather indirect effects mediated via media cues of news items. Consequently, the traditional idea of newsworthiness based on professional journalistic norms continues to play a role on a news aggregator where news is selected by algorithms.
... Der Preis hierfür ist, dass die Struktur der Beziehungen zwischen den Variablen in den meisten Fällen praktisch undurchschaubar bleibt und der Forscher Vorkehrungen gegen Übergeneralisierung treffen muss. Krämer/Schroll/Daschmann, 2008 Neuronale Netze können sehr gut Anwendung in der Kommunikationswissenschaft finden. Dabei ist jedoch ihre mögliche Komplexität der Modellierung gleichzeitig Vor-und Nachteil. ...
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the First Multidisciplinary International Symposium, MISDOOM 2019, held in Hamburg, Germany, in February/March 2019.
The 14 revised full papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 21 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections named: human computer interaction and disinformation, automation and disinformation, media and disinformation.
Alternative news media with a right-wing populist leaning are flourishing. They pitch themselves as opposition to a hegemonically interpreted mainstream news media system. Yet, at the same time, they rely on the so criticized others to justify their own existence. Using a co-orientation framework, the current study asked in how far right-wing populist alternative news media orient themselves towards the mainstream. Using a qualitative content analysis of all 658 websites referenced by a popular right-wing conspiracy-theoretical YouTuber in Germany, we demonstrate that distinct source types were quoted. References ranged from mainstream news media up to ultra-right wing truther blogs. A quantitative examination of the content-analytical categories confirmed significant differences between mainstream news media and right-wing populist blogs, with special interest and alternative news media ranging in between these poles. Alternative news media were overall found to orient themselves stylistically strongly towards the mainstream but less so regarding their content selection. Particularly, the top sources, accounting for over 76% of all references, were mostly rooted in the alternative ultra-right-wing ecosystem. In sum, our analyses showed how stylistic co-orientation is used to build a bridge towards the mainstream while content-related co-orientation towards other ultra-right-wing alternative sources allows for validating one’s own right-wing populist worldview.
Alternative news media with a right-wing populist leaning are flourishing. They pitch themselves as opposition to a hegemonically interpreted mainstream news media system. Yet, at the same time, they rely on the so criticized others to justify their own existence. Using a co-orientation framework, the current study asked in how far right-wing populist alternative news media orient themselves towards the mainstream. Using a qualitative content analysis of all 658 websites referenced by a popular right-wing conspiracy-theoretical YouTuber in Germany, we demonstrate that distinct source types were quoted. References ranged from mainstream news media up to ultra-right wing truther blogs. A quantitative examination of the content-analytical categories confirmed significant differences between mainstream news media and right-wing populist blogs, with special interest and alternative news media ranging in between these poles. Alternative news media were overall found to orient themselves stylistically strongly towards the mainstream but less so regarding their content selection. Particularly, the top sources, accounting for over 76% of all references, were mostly rooted in the alternative ultra-right-wing ecosystem. In sum, our analyses showed how stylistic co-orientation is used to build a bridge towards the mainstream while content-related co-orientation towards other ultra-right-wing alternative sources allows for validating own right-wing populist worldview.
This article examines the agenda-building process in relation to three `counter-issues' in West Germany, focusing on often neglected processes within the media system, the role of the alternative press and the role of media opinion leaders. Our results show that the success of counter-issues at gaining coverage in the alternative press leads to a `spill-over effect': the issue spills like a wave from the alternative into the established media. Some liberal papers support this breakthrough. They function as media opinion leaders and initiate chain reactions within the media system. The spill-over effect is not limited to the topic itself. The established liberal media also adopt its frame of reference for presenting the issues from the alternative press. A typical issue `career', consisting of a latent and preparatory phase, an upswing phase, a climax and a downswing phase, will not occur when the issue is displaced by another more important problem. The dynamic agenda-building process is characterized by various interactions between the media, public and policy agenda.
Some fundamental concepts in agenda-setting are related to a simple cognitive memory decay process. Accounting for issue obtrusiveness and amounts of prior coverage, predictions for the size of the relationship between declining accumulated television coverage and issue salience are derived. Levels of declining accumulated coverage are estimated by applying an exponential decay function to the prominence of daily television coverage. This function presumably models simple forgetting of coverage that occurs within individual audience members. Three issues (inflation, Iran, and the Soviet Union) were investigated over an 1,826-day period, using the daily prominence of television coverage obtained from television news archives and daily salience of the issues interpolated from monthly archived poll data. The size of the relationship between accumulated coverage and issue salience was found to decrease with the amount of coverage of an issue prior to the beginning of the study period. A new unobtrusive issue (Iran) was found to have the strongest agenda-setting effects and more rapidly declining coverage effects than other issues.
Agenda-Setting — ein kommunikationswissenschaftliches Alltagsphänomen? Zusammenfassung Über drei Jahre mußte der jüdische Artilleriehauptmann Alfred Dreyfus, zu Unrecht des Landesverrats bezichtigt, in der Verbannung zubringen. Erst am 13. Januar 1898 wurden weite Kreise der Bevölkerung auf das Skandalurteil aufmerksam — durch Emile Zolas offenen Brief an den Präsidenten, der auf der Titelseite der Zeitung L’Aurore erschien. Unter der Überschrift »J’accuse« (»Ich beschuldige«) thematisierte er die Affäre und setzte eine öffentliche Diskussion in Gang, die letztendlich zur Rehabilitierung von Dreyfus führte.1 Die exponierte Präsentation der bis dahin kaum publiken Ereignisse, die Person des Autors und der Stellenwert, den das Thema im Medium aufwies, positionierten das Thema auch auf der Tagesordnung der Öffentlichkeit. Dies setzte das politische System unter Druck und erzwang eine zufriedenstellende Lösung des Problems.2
A method and computer system is provided for automatically constructing a time series model for the time series to be forecasted. The constructed model can be either a univariate ARIMA model or a multivariate ARIMA model, depending upon whether predictors, interventions or events are inputted in the system along with the series to be forecasted. The method of constructing a univariate ARIMA model comprises the steps of imputing missing values of the time series inputted; finding the proper transformation for positive time series; determining differencing orders; determining non-seasonal AR and MA orders by pattern detection; building an initial model; estimating and modifying the model iteratively. The method of constructing a multivariate ARIMA model comprises the steps of finding a univariate ARIMA model for the time series to be forecasted by the method of constructing a univariate model; applying the transformation found in the univariate model to all positive time series including the series to be forecasted and predictors; applying differencing orders found in the univariate model to all time series including the series to be forecasted, predictors, interventions and events; deleting selected predictors and further differencing other predictors; building an initial model wherein its disturbance series follows an ARMA model with AR and MA orders found in the univariate model; estimating and modifying the model iteratively.
Predicting the geometric characteristics of a regime channel is of utmost importance in the context of river engineering and management, as regime channels require minimum protection and minimum expenses for their maintenance. There are numerous empirical and analytical methods to predict these geometric characteristics. This paper develops and tests an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) as a model to forecast the river regime characteristics. ANN performance is compared against the Thermo-dynamic Entropy Theory of Yalin and da Silva (2001) and the Stability Theory of Julien and Wargadalam (1995). An improvement in the results of the ANN model has been achieved by distinguishing the input variables into sand and gravel bed materials as well as different discharge groups. introduced with an explicit form of the regarded task and additionally have proven to have a high tolerance against data sample errors. These attributes make the utilization of ANN for the calculation of river regime very promising.
This study of the 1996 presidential election analyzed political television advertisements, three major newspapers, and television network newscasts to determine what—if any—intermedia agenda-setting influences existed. The study analyzed 116 political advertisements, 818 newspaper stories, and 101 network news stories. Support was found for the influence of the major party candidate advertisements on the news agenda. Specifically, some influence of the traditional party challenger was found on the network television newscasts and all three of the major newspapers analyzed. Also, as in previous campaigns, the majority of news coverage focused on the political horse race.
The author hypothesizes an “arterial process” which would bring about a high degree of uniformity among U. S. newspapers, even if economic competition and political diversity could be increased. Better editors and reporters, with professional standards, seem to be the best hope for counteracting this tendency