Available via license: CC BY
Content may be subject to copyright.
A preview of the PDF is not available
Methodical approach to determination of costs at the initial stages of the project research of gas-supply systems
Abstract
The article deals with topical issues at the pre-investment stage of project design to justify decisions on the feasibility of further investment and the transition to the next stage of design - the development of project documentation. At the pre-project stage, there is often a situation when the parameters of structures have not yet been determined, and capital investments must be evaluated. Methodological approaches to determining the cost of gasification facilities and the estimated model of cost calculations at the stage of investment justification with the help of enlarged indicators that improve the accuracy and validity of calculations at the stage of pre-design studies are substantiated. It is shown that the enlarged indicators used at the stage of investment justification form the regulatory basis for determining the cost of gasification facilities, for estimating capital costs, as well as for evaluating the effectiveness of investments in the selection of project options. The object of the study adopted electrically welded steel pipes and polyethylene pipes for gas pipelines. Evaluation and forecasting of the cost of gas distribution systems in the article are proposed using regression models depending on time and diameter of the pipe. The regression dependences of the cost of steel and polyethylene pipes of all standard sizes and confidence intervals for the cost of pipes allow to estimate also possible errors of the forecast cost estimation.
Analysis of the African countries food security demonstrate significant aggravation of the situation in several countries to the south of the Sahara. Conflicts, social inequality, high level of poverty against the background of a rapid population growth, unfavorable climatic conditions as well as ineffective government policy in the field of providing the population with foodstuff were determined as the main causes of population undernourishment. In Africa, due to low incomes of the population, most of the food ration consists of cereals and a small part of meat, fish and dairy products. It was revealed that African countries are the net importers of foodstuff, with cereals accounting for the largest part of imports. It was noted that international experts forecast foodstuff and fodder demand increase in these countries. It was defined the African region can potentially become one of the promising sales markets for Russian producers of grain crops and agricultural products. The results of the study are aimed at overcoming the problem of starvation, economic backwardness and improving the living standards of the African continent population, as well as developing an economic toolkit for the interaction of the Russian Federation with African countries.
In the article the need for state regulation of import substitution in the agro-industrial complex of the Russian Federation is founded upon the basis of food self-sufficiency call under conditions of sanctions. It is determined that when forming the mechanism of import substitution, an integrated approach is necessary, taking into account the peculiarities of the state development and the use of all types of potential. The existing trends in the functioning of the Russian Federation agricultural sector are noted. The main problem of the agro-industrial complex of the Russian Federation is revealed to be the lack of state support and funding, as well as the drawbacks of state regulation. It was revealed that, despite the identified positive tendencies in the development of the agro-industrial complex, with the purpose of stabilization it is necessary to upgrade the technical and technological spheres on the basis of an innovative approach to scientific and technological developments in all sectors of the agroindustrial complex. It was also pointed out to the fact in the sphere of food supply, an effective import substitution policy is possible provided that conditions for the development of Russian production of competitive food products are created. It is advisable to form import substitution on the basis of a closed production cycle within the state, in which producers are involved in supply and delivery chains directly to trading enterprises, and that requires improvements of the interaction system of all market actors. At the same time, producers are supposed to be able to significantly increase income, and consumers are supposed to have favorable food prices. A model of import substitution state regulation mechanism in the agro-industrial complex of the Russian Federation on the basis of selfsufficiency need in food is proposed, which is a set of stages for the implementation of a certain sequence of actions where each of the twelve stages is specified. In the process of implementation of the proposed model significant advantages can be achieved in the economic, technical and organizational spheres of the agriculturalsector.
Finance and credit in real estate
- P G Graboviy
- N Y Yaskova
P.G. Graboviy, N.Y. Yaskova, Finance and credit in real estate ("Prospect", Moscow,
2013)
Estimation of cost of objects of building on pre-investment stage. The collection of materials of VII International scientific-practical conference
- A V Gorelova
A.V. Gorelova, Estimation of cost of objects of building on pre-investment stage. The
collection of materials of VII International scientific-practical conference ("MGSU",
Moscow, 2015)
Urban governance and modernization of housing and utilities infrastructure
- P G Graboviy
- A N Kirillova
P.G. Graboviy, A.N. Kirillova etc., Urban governance and modernization of housing
and utilities infrastructure (IA "Educator", Moscow, 2013)
Modern high-tech technology
- R V Kondratiev
- M A Kocheva
Consolidated comprehensive prices for construction of objects of gasification of the Russian regions
- A M Karasevich
- N M Storonsky
- V P Antipov
A.M. Karasevich, N.M. Storonsky, V.P. Antipov etc., Consolidated comprehensive
prices for construction of objects of gasification of the Russian regions. Development
estimates 2005 ("Promgaz", Moscow, 2005)
General schemes of gas supply and gasification of regions of the Russian Federation. Justification of indicators of estimated cost of construction of gas-distributing systems (the enlarged indicators
- V P Antipov
V.P. Antipov, General schemes of gas supply and gasification of regions of the
Russian Federation. Justification of indicators of estimated cost of construction of gasdistributing systems (the enlarged indicators) (Gazprom, Moscow, 2008)
Surveying: organization, examination, management (Publishing house “ASV”
- P G Graboviy
- S A Bolotin
- E A Gusakova
- A N Kirillova
P.G. Graboviy, S.A. Bolotin, E.A. Gusakova, A.N. Kirillova etc., Surveying:
organization, examination, management (Publishing house "ASV", Moscow, 2015)
Problems of the economy and management of the oil and gas complex
- A V Gorelova
A.V. Gorelova, Problems of the economy and management of the oil and gas complex,
8 (2010)
- M A Kocheva
- A S Antonov
- S V Khorev
M.A. Kocheva, A.S. Antonov, S.V. Khorev, International journal of experimental
education, 10-1 (2015)
The concept of participation of "Gazprom" in gasification of regions of Russia
The concept of participation of "Gazprom" in gasification of regions of Russia
("Gazprom", Moscow, 2009)